1、阅读理解组合练(一)(限时30分钟)A(2018重点中学领航卷一)Project AlmanacA group of teenagers try to buy lottery tickets to become rich, take revenge on high school bullies, and . But as weve found out in other films such as Back to the Future and The Butterfly Effect, changing the past can have some serious future conseque
2、nces. These teenagers soon realize that they need to put things back in the way they once were if theyre going to exist at all.Kingsman: The Secret ServiceBased on a comic book, the movie focuses on a secret agent from MI6 and his troublesome crazy teenage nephew. To stop his nephew from continuing
3、his downward spiral in life choices, the agent makes a possible careerending decision he puts the boy on a training program in order to turn him into a spy. What happens next means that the two are in a race to save mankind.The Emoji MovieThe movie will lead us into the neverbeforeseen secret world
4、inside our smartphones. In this world, each emoji has only one facial expression and hopes to be selected by the phones user. But Gene is an energetic emoji who was born with multiple expressions and is determined to become “normal” like the others. So he asks his handy best friend Hi5 and the hacke
5、r emoji Jailbreak to help start his adventure.语篇解读：本文为一篇应用文，主要介绍了几部各具特色的电影。1Why does the author mention Back to the Future and The Butterfly Effect in the passage?ATo stress the danger of time travel.BTo lead in the plot of Project Almanac.CTo reflect the success of Project Almanac.DTo prove the pop
6、ularity of the two movies.解析：选B推理判断题。根据第一部电影中的“But as weve found out in other films such as Back to the Future and The Butterfly Effect . they once were if theyre going to exist at all”可知，作者提到Back to the Future和The Butterfly Effect这两部电影是为了引出对Project Almanac这部电影情节的介绍。故选B。2Why does the emoji “Gene” st
7、art his adventure?ATo be selected by his owner.BTo explore smartphones inner world.CTo own only one facial expression.DTo avoid others discrimination against him.解析：选C细节理解题。根据第三电影中的“each emoji has only one facial expression and hopes to be selected by the phones user. But Gene is an energetic emoji
8、who was born with multiple expressions and is determined to become normal like the others . start his adventure”可知，Gene 开始自己的冒险旅程是为了让自己仅仅拥有一种表情。故选C。B(2017南京、盐城一模)In 1880, the traveller and journalist Lafcadio Hearn was living in New Orleans and writing for a couple of local papers, Daily City Item a
9、nd TimesDemocrat. Hearn sensed that New Orleans exists in a state of insidious disintegration (蜕变) “crumbling into ashes” thanks to its dangerous geography and its “frauds and maladministrations”. And yet, Hearn wrote to a friend, “It is better to live here in sackcloth and ashes than to own the who
10、le state of Ohio.”New Orleanians have always resembled New Yorkers; they tend to share the sense that to live anywhere else would lead inevitably to a stupid and pitiable existence beyond the bounds of understanding.In part, the spirit of New Orleans is rooted in the citys belowsealevel unsteadiness
11、, the condition of looking out and even up at the water all around you, the knowledge that water saturates (浸透) the ground you stand on. Katrina, the fierce hurricane that destroyed the Gulf Coast on August 29, 2005, tested the selfpossession of every citizen who survived it. More than eighteen hund
12、red people did not survive it, and hundreds of thousands lost their homes. The storm and the terrible flooding that followed a natural disaster worsened by a range of manmade disasters revealed much that had been fragile, or rotten, in Hearns time and grew worse with every decade: shabby civil engin
13、eering; corrupt and inefficient government institutions; and it turned out that an Administration in Washington witnessed for days a city drowning a largely black city drowning and reacted with annoying indifference. And yet, in the face of abandonment in hospitals, on rooftops, on highway overpasse
14、s the residents of New Orleans behaved with resilience (不折不挠). Rebecca Solnit, an acute observer of Katrina and its aftermath, has written, “The belief that a Hobbesian war of allagainstall had broken loose justified treating the place as a crime zone or even an unfriendly country rather than a plac
15、e in which grandmothers and children were trapped in frightful conditions, desperately in need of food, water, shelter and medical attention.”Alec Soth, a photographer who lives in Minneapolis and travels the Midwest and the South with the energy of a latterday Walker Evans, did not join the artists
16、 who came to New Orleans a decade ago to capture what he calls the“eye candy of rot and ruin”. Instead, he waited, preferring to capture the city of water ten years later, a city in a state of both persistent suffering and persistent renewal. Soth shows us the upsetting image of a freestanding colum
17、n all that is left of a house in the hardhit Lower Ninth Ward but he moves toward a vision of promise, a lonely figure at his leisure, staring into the waters of todays New Orleans.语篇解读：本文是说明文，主要介绍了美国南部城市新奥尔良。3New Orleanians are similar to New Yorkers in that _. Athey refuse to leave their homelandB
18、they exist in insidious disintegrationCthey possess dangerous geographyDthey have a sense of boring existence解析：选A细节理解题。根据第一段最后一句“New Orleanians have always resembled New Yorkers; they tend to share the sense that to live anywhere else would lead inevitably to a stupid and pitiable existence beyond
19、the bounds of understanding”可知，新奥尔良人和纽约人往往认为住在其他任何地方将不可避免地导致愚蠢、可悲的存在，由此可知，新奥尔良人和纽约人的相似之处在于他们都拒绝离开他们的家乡。4What can we know from the hurricane Katrina and its damaging consequences?AA range of manmade disasters led to the fierce hurricane.BThe hurricane happened following a terrible flooding.CThe Ameri
20、can government failed to provide help and support.DThe residents of New Orleans have a deep hatred for governors.解析：选C推理判断题。根据第二段中的“. it turned out that an Administration in Washington witnessed for days a city drowning a largely black city drowning and reacted with annoying indifference”可知，在飓风袭击城市，
21、导致城市被淹时，政府表现得非常冷漠，并没有提供支持和帮助。5Why did Alec Soth refuse to join other artists to take photos of New Orleans a decade ago?AHe also treated New Orleans as a crime zone.BHe had high expectations of the future of New Orleans.CHe couldnt put up with the suffering the hurricane caused.DHe was travelling th
22、e Midwest and the South with Walker Evans.解析：选B推理判断题。根据第三段最后两句“Instead, he waited, preferring to capture the city of water ten years later, a city in a state of both persistent suffering and persistent renewal . but he moves toward a vision of promise .”可推知，十年前Alec Soth拒绝跟其他艺术家一起拍摄受到飓风袭击的新奥尔良的图片，因为他
23、关注的是这座城市十年后的情景，他对新奥尔良的未来有很高的期待。C(2018金陵中学、海安高级中学、南京外国语学校四模)Although it might have happened anywhere, my encounter with the green banana started on a steep mountain road in the interior of Brazil. My ancient jeep was straining up through spectacular countryside when the radiator (水箱) began to leak te
24、n miles from the nearest mechanic. The overheated engine forced me to stop at the next village, which consisted of a small store and scattering of houses. People gathered to look. Three fine streams of hot water spouted from holes in the jacket of the radiator.“Thats easy to fix，” a man said. He sen
25、t a boy running for some green bananas. He patted me on the shoulder, assuring me everything would work out. “Green bananas，” he smiled. Everyone agreed.We exchanged pleasantries while I thought over the effects of the green banana. Asking questions would betray my ignorance, so I remarked on the be
26、auty of the place. Huge rock formations, like Sugar Loaf in Rio, rose up all around us. “Do you see that tall one right over there？” asked my benefactor pointing to a particular tall, slender pinnacle of dark rock.“That rock marks the center of the world.”I looked to see if he was teasing me, but hi
27、s face was serious. He in turn inspected me carefully to be sure I grasped the significance of his statement. The occasion demanded some show of recognition on my part.“The center of the world？”I repeated, trying to convey interest if not complete acceptance. He nodded. The absolute center. Everyone
28、 around here knows it.At that moment the boy returned with my green bananas. The man sliced one in half and pressed the cut end against the radiator jacket. The banana melted into a glue against the hot metal, plugging the leaks instantly. Everyone laughed at my astonishment. They refilled my radiat
29、or and gave me extra bananas to take along. An hour later, after one more application of green banana, my radiator and I reached our destination. The local mechanic smiled, “Who taught you about the green banana？” I named the village. “Did they show you the rock marking the center of the world？” he
30、asked. I assured him they had.“My grandfather came from there，” he said.“The exact center. Everyone around here has always known about it.”_ As a product of American higher education, I had never paid the slightest attention to the green banana, except to regard it as a fruit whose time had not yet
31、come. _ But as I reflected on it further, I realized that the green banana had been there all along. _ Its time reached back to the very origins of the banana. _ The people in that village had known about it for years. My own time had come in relation to it. This chance encounter showed me the speci
32、al genius of those people, and the special potential of the green banana, I had been wondering for some time about those episodes of clarity which educators like to call “leaning moments”， and knew I had just experienced two of them at once. The importance of the rock marking the center of the world
33、 took a while to filter through. I had initially doubted their claim, knowing for a fact that the center was located somewhere in New England. After all, my grandfather had come from there. But gradually I realized they had a valid belief, a universal concept, and I agreed with them. We tend to defi
34、ne the center as that special place where we are known where we know others, where things mean much to us, and where we ourselves have both identity and meaning: family, school, town, and local region.The lesson which gradually filtered through was the simple concept that every place has special mea
35、nings for the people in it; every place represents the center of the world. The number of such centers is incalculable, and no one student or traveler can experience all of them, but once a conscious breakthrough to a second center is made, a lifelong perspective and collection can begin.语篇解读：本文是一篇夹
36、叙夹议文。作者通过自己的经历，体验到了一种从未听说过的用青香蕉来修补水箱的办法，说明了世界上有许多像青香蕉一样的东西有待于我们去学习和体验。6What is the best title for the passage?AA Car AccidentBAn Identity IssueCThe Unforgettable MomentDThe Green Banana解析：选D标题归纳题。作者自己的老式吉普车的水箱突然漏水，只好求助于当地的村民，没想到村民们居然用青香蕉堵住了漏洞，并且当地的居民还告诉作者山那边的那块高高的岩石就是世界的中心。这件事让作者明白了对于居住在其中的人来说，每个地方都
37、有着特殊的含义，从某种意义上说，每个地方都代表着“世界的中心”。实际上，“青香蕉”在等待着我们所有的人离开自己的“中心”，去体验更加广阔的天地。所以文章用“青香蕉”为标题，比较得当。7What can we infer from Paragraph 3?AThe author was openminded enough to respect their wisdom and beliefs.BThe author was polite trying not to show disagreement with the helper.CIt occurred to the author that
38、the center of the world would be the tall slender rock.DThe author came to realize that every place has special meanings for the people in it.解析：选B推理判断题。根据第三段的内容，特别是其中的“. I repeated, trying to convey interest if not complete acceptance.”可以看出作者虽然不赞同村民的说法，但是还是礼节性地表达了自己对这个说法的兴趣，所以作者很礼貌，尽量不和村民发生争执。8Wher
39、e could the following “Suddenly on that mountain road, its time and my need had met.” be best added in Paragraph 5?ABC D解析：选B推理判断题。根据处上文的内容“作为美国教育的产物，除了把青香蕉当作还没长熟的水果，我从来就没注意过它。”接下去自然就是“但突然在那条山路上，青香蕉和我的需求正好吻合了”。its time 指香蕉未成熟的时间。9What is the authors purpose of writing the passage?ATo inspire people
40、to rethink and redefine the center of the world in their eyes.BTo illustrate that ignorance can sometimes be a blessing in disguise.CTo encourage people to discover something with special value and meaning.DTo point out that traveling is a good way for people to search for their identity.解析：选A写作目的题。
41、根据倒数第二段最后一句以及最后一段的内容可知作者感悟到了“对于居住在其中的人来说，每个地方都有着特殊的含义，从某种意义上说，每个地方都代表着世界的中心”。所以作者写这篇文章的目的是启发人们重新思考和重新定义他们眼中的世界的中心。D(2018苏州高三一模)Computer security is a contradiction in terms. The arrival of the “Internet of Things” will see computers baked into everything from road signs and MRI scanners to artificia
42、l body parts and insulin (胰岛素) pumps. There is little evidence that such equipment will be any more trustworthy than desktop computers. Hackers have already proved that they can take remote control of connected cars and pacemakers. However, it is tempting to believe that the security problem can be
43、solved with yet more technical wizardry (魔法) and a call for further watchfulness. And it is certainly true that many firms still fail to take security seriously enough. That requires a kind of lasting insistence which does not come naturally to nontech firms. Actually, there is no way to make comput
44、ers completely safe. Software is hugely complex. Across its products, Google must manage around 2 billion lines of source code errors are unavoidable. The average program has 14 separate bugs, each of them a potential point of illegal entry. Such weaknesses are worsened by the history of the Interne
45、t, in which security was an afterthought.This is not necessarily in despair. The risk from cheats, car accidents and the weather can never be avoided completely either. But societies have developed ways of managing such risk from government regulation to the use of legal liability (责任) and insurance
46、 to create more safer behaviours.Start with regulation. Governments first priority is to control from making the situation worse. Terrorist attacks often bring calls for codes to be weakened so that the security services can better monitor what individuals are up to. But it is impossible to weaken c
47、odes for terrorists alone. The same protection that guards messaging programs like WhatsApp also guards bank business and online identities. Computer security is best served by encoding that is strong for everyone. The next priority is setting basic product regulations. A lack of professional knowle
48、dge will always block the ability of computer users to protect themselves. So governments should promote “public health” for computing. They could insist that Internetconnected contents be updated with fixes when faults are found. They could force users to change default (默认) usernames and passwords
49、. Reporting laws, already in force in some American states, can require companies to report when they or their products are hacked, which encourages them to fix a problem instead of burying it. Most important, the software industry has for decades disclaimed liability for the harm when its products
50、go wrong. Such an approach has its benefits. Silicon Valleys fruitful “go fast and break things” style of innovation is possible only if firms relatively have freedom to put out new products while they still need perfecting. But this point will soon be illegal. As computers spread to products covere
51、d by established liability arrangements, such as cars or domestic goods, the industrys disclaimers will increasingly be against existing laws.Firms should recognize that, if the courts do not force the liability issue, public opinion will. Fortunately, the small but growing market in cybersecurity i
52、nsurance offers a way to protect consumers while preserving the computing industrys ability to innovate. A firm whose products do not work properly, or are repeatedly hacked, will find its insurance rising, urging it to solve the problem. A firm that takes reasonable steps to make things safe, but w
53、hich is damaged nevertheless, will ask for an insurance payout that will stop it from going bankrupt (破产). It is here that some problems could perhaps be negotiated. Once again, there are examples: when countless claims against American lightaircraft firms threatened to bankrupt the industry in the
54、1980s, the government changed the law, limiting their liability for old products. One reason computer security is so bad today is that few people were taking it seriously yesterday. When the Internet was new, that was forgivable. Now that the consequences are known, and the risks posed by bugs and h
55、acking are large and growing, there is no excuse for repeating the mistake. But changing attitudes and behavior will require economic tools, not just technical ones.语篇解读：本文是一篇议论文，主要论述了如何才能真正地解决电脑安全的问题。10The first paragraph mainly tells us _. Acomputers are used more widelyBcomputers may never be sec
56、ureCfuture computers are less trustworthyDcomputer hackers are almost everywhere解析：选B段落大意题。 第一段主要讲述了计算机安全是很矛盾的，黑客能够轻松远程操作汽车等，表明计算机从来就不安全，同时引出下文，故选B。11Which is the reason for the computer security problem nowadays?APeople tend to rely on technical solutions.BTechnology firms take security less seriou
57、sly.CWarnings from relevant departments are absent.DThe software developers lack afterthoughts.解析：选A推理判断题。根据最后一段可知，人们依赖技术解决问题是导致电脑安全问题的严重性的原因。12What will happen if codes are weakened according to the passage?ATerrorist attacks are sure to occur more often.BSecurity services cant monitor peoples beha
58、viors.CImportant information may not be guarded safely.DComputer users wont grasp the professional knowledge. 解析：选C推理判断题。根据第四段的第三句“Terrorist attacks often bring calls for codes to be weakened so that the security services can better monitor what individuals are up to”以及最后一句“Computer security is best
59、 served by encoding that is strong for everyone.”可知，恐怖袭击需要弱化密码才能监控用户个人信息，如果密码强度高的话，电脑安全就能得到保障。所以如果密码弱的话，许多重要信息的安全将无法被保障。13The underlined part in the 6th paragraph implies _. Athe liability rules can be established soonBusers probably enjoy more new productsCfirms can legally escape promoting innovat
60、ionDcourts havent power to interfere firms freedom解析：选B句意理解题。画线部分意思为“这种方法有其好处”，说明很有可能会受到用户的欢迎。14What can we know about cybersecurity insurance?AIt frees consumers from being attacked from hackers.BIt offers firms funds to improve the ability of innovation.CIt protects firms willing to solve problems
61、 from the collapse.DIt increases the economic burden of the technology firms.解析：选C细节理解题。根据倒数第二段第四句“A firm that takes reasonable steps to make things safe, but which is damaged nevertheless, will ask for an insurance payout that will stop it from going bankrupt (破产)”可知，一家愿意采取措施来使得产品更安全的公司可以申请保险赔偿，防止破
62、产。15Whats the authors preferred solution to computer security?ARaising users full awareness of encoding.BReporting hackers attacks to hightech firms.CUrging firms to further improve faulty products.DStrengthening economic means further.解析：选D推理判断题。根据最后一段最后一句“But changing attitudes and behavior will require economic tools, not just technical ones.”可知，作者认为要解决网络安全问题首先要改变态度，而改变态度需要的是经济手段而不是技术手段。
