1、选修八 Unit 3练(一)英语知识运用组块专练练准度(限时：30分钟).完形填空(2016太原市高三第二学段测评)Reading and learning new words is about finding their meaning and use within a passage. The meaning of unknown words which you _1_ in your reading sometimes can be known by their _2_， that is, their contexts. The context of the sentence can t
2、ell us the part of speech (词性) of the _3_ word. Using the context of the paragraph to define unknown words can also be _4_.Readers often have trouble because they understand the sentence word by word instead the _5_ meaning of a word, when they should identify the way it has been used in the passage
3、.One consideration in using the context is to determine the unknown words part of speech. The words around the unknown word can give you _6_. Once you know if the word is a noun or an adjective, it is often enough for you to _7_ reading without having to stop to look up the meaning of the word. Afte
4、r coming across the word a few more times, you will know its meaning more _8_ than if you had just looked it up.Comparison clues indicate that two or more things are _9_. A comparison is possible because the known and unknown words have _10_. The likeness shows you that comparisons can be made._11_
5、clues tell you an example of an unknown word. Example clues are usually _12_ by the following words and phrases: such as, for example, and like.To find meaning from textbased clues, you should look for clues in the sentence. A second kind of clue does not _13_on specific words to indicate meaning. T
6、his kind of context clue is called a frameworkbased clue. Your knowledge of the meaning of surrounding words _14_ you discover the meaning of a word or sentence. Common _15_ and your knowledge of the parts of speech also help defining unknown words. For example, the angry driver shouted vehemently d
7、uring his fight with the other driver. What does “vehemently”_16_？ You know what _17_ means, and you know how people _18_ when they argue. From this, you can _19_ out that “vehemently” has something to do with strong _20_ or intense feeling.语篇解读：本文是一篇说明文。主要介绍了几种在阅读过程中学习生词的方法和技巧。1.A.take downBlook up
8、Ccome across Dpick out解析：选C有时候你在阅读中所遇到的生词的意思可以通过语境知道其含义。take down“记下”；look up“查阅”；come across“遇见”；pick out“找出”。下文中的“After coming across the word a few more times”也是提示，故C项正确。2A.sentences BwordsCtopics Dsurroundings解析：选D根据“that is”可知，此空与contexts是同义词，与下文中的“The words around the unknown word”和“Your knowl
9、edge of the meaning of surrounding words”呼应，故D项正确。3A.unknown BabnormalCfamiliar Dnegative解析：选A句子的语境可以告诉我们生词的词性。与上文中的“unknown words”呼应可知，此处是指生词，故A项正确。abnormal“不正常的”；familiar“熟悉的”；negative“负面的”。4A.unique BnaturalChelpful Dcommon解析：选C利用段落的语境来确定生词也是有帮助的。与下文中的“Common _15_ and your knowledge of the parts
10、of speech also help defining unknown words.”呼应，故C项正确。5A.correct BinconvenientCdifferent Dsatisfactory解析：选A读者经常遇到麻烦，因为他们逐字理解句子而不是(理解)一个词的正确意思。根据空格前的“Readers often have trouble”可推知，读者没有理解一个词的正确意思，即A项正确。6A.cases BreasonsCeffects Dclues解析：选D生词周围的词可以给你(提供)线索。与下文中的“Comparison clues”呼应，故D项正确。7A.translate B
11、interviewCcontinue Dexamine解析：选C一旦你知道了这个词是名词还是形容词，那么你就可以不必停下来去查这个词的意思而继续读下去。根据空格后的“without having to stop”可知，此处应用continue“继续”，故C项正确。8A.strangely BuncertainlyCpotentially Dfirmly解析：选Dstrangely“奇怪地”；uncertainly“犹豫地”；potentially“潜在地”；firmly“坚定地”。根据空格前的“After coming across the word a few more times”可知，在
12、生词出现的频率较高的情况下，根据语境，读者就可以更加确定其具体的含义，故D项正确。9A.alike BmeaningfulCproper Dgreat解析：选A比较性线索表明两个或多个事物是相似的。根据下文中的“The likeness”可知，此处表示事物的相似性，故A项正确。10A.properties BsimilaritiesCpossibilities Dpersonalities解析：选B之所以可能作比较是因为认识的词和不认识的词之间有相似性。根据下文中的“The likeness”可知，similarity“相似性”，符合语境。11A.Popularity BConsiderati
13、onCExample DComparison解析：选C例子线索会通过举例来提示读者。与空格后的“an example”和“Example clues”呼应，故C项正确。12A.affected BadjustedCchanged Dintroduced解析：选D例子线索通常通过以下词或短语来提出。affect“影响”；adjust“调整”；change“改变”；introduce“提出”。故D项正确。13A.focus BspendCcarry Drely解析：选D另一种线索并不是靠具体的词来表明(生词的)意思的。与上文“textbased clues”形成对比，这种线索不是依赖上下文而得出词
14、义的，故D项正确。rely on“依赖”，符合语境。14A.prevents BhelpsCtells Ddisplays解析：选B你对附近的词的意思的理解有助于你了解一个词或一个句子的意思。故B项正确。15A.point BtasteCawareness Dsense解析：选D常识和对词性的了解也有助于(读者)给生词下定义。固定搭配：common sense意为“常识”，符合语境，故D项正确。16A.mean Buse Ccontain Dcomplete解析：选A“vehemently”是什么意思呢？与下文中的“You know what _17_ means”形成呼应，故A项正确。17A
15、.angry BgratefulChappy Danxious解析：选A你知道angry是什么意思，而且你(也)知道人们在争辩时的感受。与上文中的“the angry driver”呼应，故A项正确。18A.act BsayCfeel Dthink解析：选C根据上文中的“the angry driver”和空格所在句中的“how people _18_ when they argue”可推知，C项正确。19A.come BfigureCtake Dset解析：选B由此你可以弄清楚“vehemently”与强烈的情感或紧张的情绪有关。come out“出现；出版”；figure out“弄明白”
16、；take out“切除”；set out“出发”。20A.demand BambitionCattitude Demotion解析：选Ddemand“要求”；ambition“野心”；attitude“态度”；emotion“情感”。与语境“or intense feeling”呼应可知，此处表示情感，故D项正确。.语法填空(2016秦皇岛市高三质检)I was on my way to the Taiyetos Mountains. The sun was setting _1_ my car broke down near a remote village. Cursing my _2_
17、 (fortune), I was wondering where I was going to spend the night when I realized that the villagers who had gathered around me _3_ (argue) as to who should have the honour of receiving me _4_ a guest in their house. Finally, I accepted the offer of _5_ 80yearold peasant woman who lived alone in a li
18、ttle house. While she was getting me settled into a tiny but clean room, the head of the village was tying up his horse _6_ my car to pull it to a small town some 20 kilometers away _7_ there was a garage.I had noticed three hens _8_ (run) free in my hostess courtyard and that night one of them ende
19、d up in a dish on my table. Other villagers brought me goats cheese and honey. We drank together and talked _9_ (merry) till far into the night.When the time came for me to say goodbye to my friends in the village, I wanted to reward the old woman for the trouble I _10_ (cause) her. But she refused.
20、1_2._3._4._5_6._7._8._9_10._语篇解读：“我”在去Taiyetos Mountains的途中车子坏了，这时热情的村民帮助了“我”。1when考查连词。太阳正要落山时“我”的车抛锚在一个偏远的村庄附近。2misfortune考查名词。“我”咒骂自己的不幸。3were arguing考查时态。根据语境可知，此处表示“村民们围着我在争论谁能有幸邀请到我这位客人”，故用过去进行时。4as考查介词。as a guest “作为客人”。5an考查冠词。此处表示一位80岁的农妇。因为80的发音以元音音素开头，所以用an。6to考查介词。村长把他的马绑到“我”的汽车上，将汽车拉去一个小镇上的汽车修理厂。7where考查定语从句。a small town作先行词，所填词在从句中作地点状语，所以用where引导该定语从句。8running考查非谓语动词。notice sb./sth. doing sth.“注意到某人或某物正在做某事”，此处表示“我”看到三只母鸡在女主人家的院子里跑着，结果晚上其中的一只就成了“我”桌子上的菜了。9merrily考查词性转换。修饰动词talked应用副词。10had caused考查时态。“带来麻烦”发生在“想报答”之前，为过去的过去，所以用过去完成时。句意：“我”想报答那位老妇人，因为“我”给她带来了麻烦，但是她拒绝了。
