1、陕西泾阳县2016高考英语（二轮）阅读理解能力演练（3）及答案阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A.B.C和D项中，选出最佳选项。The China Daily newspaper group is looking for English-language senior business editors,senior copy editors,copy editors and graphic designers to strengthen its international team.We offer a competitive salary package,free accommodation wi
2、th utilities paid for,90 per cent medical reimbursement,a seven-day paid leave,elevenday public holidays and a return ticket to the country of residence.Senior Business EditorYou must：assist the business editor in setting goals and working on achieving them；be an excellent team person who can genera
3、te ideas and think creatively and be able to rewrite totally if needed and mentor junior staff；ideally have been working or have worked in a position of responsibility and understand what leadership entails；have had at least five years editing experience working on editing the Business Desk and be f
4、amiliar with industry software.Senior Copy EditorYou must：work on shifts in the Business Desk and usually have the last word before the page is sent to print；edit or rewrite copy and give snappy headlines and captions；have had at least two years editing experience working on editing desks and be fam
5、iliar with industry software.Copy EditorYou must：be good at editing or rewriting copy and writing snappy headlines and captions；be able to work on shifts for different pages,and usually have the last word before the page is sent to print；have two years of editing experience working on copy desks,and
6、 be familiar with industry software.Graphic DesignerYou must：have excellent skills in information graphics；be good at illustrations and freehand drawings；be experienced in newspaper or magazine layouts；have a good sense of typography；have good news judgment；be well-versed with Macintosh software, in
7、cluding InDesign, Illustrator and Photoshop；be fluent in English.For enquiries or to apply,write to job .6What is the purpose of this passage?ATo describe the positions of the China Daily newspaper group.BTo describe the working conditions of the China Daily newspaper group.CTo advertise for recruit
8、ing some good employees.DTo tell you how to become part of this group.7What is not required about Graphic Designer?ABe well-versed with Photoshop.BHave excellent skills in information graphics.CHaving a good sense of typography.DWriting snappy headlines and captions.8How many positions need editing
9、experience?A2. B1. C3. D4.9Which can be the title of the advertisement?AChina Daily：New Employees WantedBChina Daily：NewspaperCChina Daily：An International TeamDChina Daily：The Best Working Condition10Which of the following is TRUE according to the passage?AFree accommodations are available to the w
10、orkers.BThe workers there can enjoy a seven-day leave without pay.CThe employees have the right to enjoy elevenday public holidays.DThe senior business editors only job is to help the business editor to set goals. 全解全析6答案C解析推理判断题。纵观全文,尤其是文章的第一段可以看出,这是一则广告,其目的就是向社会公开招聘Englishlanguage senior business
11、editors,senior copy editors,copy editors and graphic designers 4个岗位上的员工。由此可以判断,答案是C项。7答案D解析细节理解题。由Graphic Designer的招聘要求可以看出：Writing snappy headlines and captions并非Graphic Designer所要求具备的。8答案C解析细节理解题。前三个职位的叙述中都提到了对“editing experience”的要求,只有最后一个岗位没有这方面的要求,故C项为正确答案。9答案A解析标题判断题。文章第一段已点明了文章的主旨与目的,就是要招聘人员,
12、所以A项所说的“中国日报社招聘员工”最能概括全文的大意,故可排除其他三项。10答案C解析细节理解题。由第一段的叙述可以看出,员工可以“享受11天的公共假期”。其他三项都不符合原文的叙述。故C为正确答案。 史地自然型阅读理解 The Pacific island nation of Nauru used to be a beautiful place.Now it is an ecological disaster area.Naurus heartbreaking story could have one good consequenceother countries might learn
13、from its mistakes.For thousands of years，Polynesian people lived in the remote island of Nauru，far from western civilization.The first European to arrive was John Fearn in 1798.He was the British captain of the Hunter, a whaling ship.He called the island Pleasant Island.However, because it was very
14、remote, Nauru had little communication with Europeans at first.The whaling ships and other traders began to visit，bringing guns and alcohol.These elements destroyed the social balance of the twelve family groups on the island.A tenyear civil war started，which reduced the population from 1，400 to 900
15、.Naurus real troubles began in 1899 when a British mining company discovered phosphate(磷酸盐)on the island.In fact，it found that the island of Nauru was nearly all phosphate，which was a very important fertilizer for farming.The company began mining the phosphate.A phosphate mine was not a hole in the
16、ground；it was a strip mine.When a company stripmined，it removed the top layer of soil.Then it took away the material it wanted.Strip mining totally destroyed the land.Gradually, the lovely island of Nauru started to look like the moon.In 1968，Nauru became one of the richest countries in the world.Ev
17、ery year the government received millions and millions of dollars for its phosphate.Unfortunately, the leaders invested the money unwisely and lost millions of dollars.In addition，they used millions more dollars for personal expenses.Soon people realized that they had a terrible problemtheir phospha
18、te was running out.Ninety percent of their island was destroyed and they had nothing.By 2000，Nauru was financially ruined.Experts say that it would take approximately$433，600，000 and more than 20 years to repair the island.This will probably never happen.1What might be the authors purpose in writing
19、 the text?ATo seek help for Naurus problems.BTo give a warning to other countries.CTo show the importance of money.DTo tell a heartbreaking story of a war.2What was Nauru like before the Europeans came?ARich and powerful.BModern and open.CPeaceful and attractive.DGreedy and aggressive.3The ecologica
20、l disaster in Nauru resulted from_Asoil pollutionBphosphate overminingCfarming activityDwhale hunting4Which of the following was a cause of Naurus financial problem?AIts leaders misused the money.BIt spent too much repairing the island.CIts phosphate mining cost much money.DIt lost millions of dolla
21、rs in the civil war.5What can we learn about Nauru from the last paragraph?AThe ecological damage is difficult to repair.BThe leaders will take the experts words seriously.CThe island was abandoned by the Nauruans.DThe phosphate mines were destroyed.(一)【要点综述】 文章主要讲述了太平洋岛国瑙鲁如何从一个环境优美的天堂岛变成一个生态失衡、满目疮痍
22、的小岛。1B 写作意图题。由文章第一段的“Now it is an ecological disaster area.Naurus heartbreaking story could have one good consequenceother countries might learn from its mistakes.”可以看出，作者的目的是给当前很多只注重发展经济而忽略环境保护的国家一个警告。故选B项。2. C细节理解题。从第一段提到的“太平洋上的国家瑙鲁岛曾经是一个美丽的地方”看出，瑙鲁岛是attractive；由第二段第一句以及第三段第一句可知，上千年来，瑙鲁岛的人们生活在偏远的小
23、岛上，过着平静的生活。故选C项。3B 细节理解题。由最后一段的“Soon people realized that they had a terrible problemtheir phosphate was running out.Ninety percent of their island was destroyed and they had nothing.”可以得知“磷酸盐逐渐减少，开采殆尽”。由此可以看出，“磷酸盐的过量开采”导致了生态灾难。故选B项。4A 细节理解题。由最后一段的“Unfortunately，the leaders invested the money unwise
24、ly and lost millions of dollars.In addition，they used millions more dollars for personal expenses.”看出，是领导人不正确使用资金导致了财政问题。故选A项。5A 推理判断题。文章最后告诉我们：Experts say that it would take approximately $433，600，000 and more than 20 years to repair the island.也就是说，瑙鲁岛上的生态损失弥补起来需要大量的资金和时间，即选项所说的“修复起来很难”。故选A项。阅读下列短
25、文，从每题所给的A.B.C和D项中，选出最佳选项。Cyberspace,data superhighway,multimedia,for those who have seen the future,and the linking of computers,televisions and telephones will change our lives for ever.Yet for all the talks of a forthcoming technological utopia,little attention has been given to the implications o
26、f these developments for the poor.As for all the new high technology,the West concerns itself with the “how”,while the question of “for whom” is put aside once again.Economists are only now realizing the full extent to which the communication revolution has affected the world economy.Information tec
27、hnology allows the extension of trade across geographical and industrial boundaries,and transnational corporations take full advantage of it. Terms of trade and exchange, interest rates and money movements are more important than the production of goods.The electronic economy made by information tec
28、hnology allows the haves to increase their control on global markets with a destructive impact on the have-nots.For them the result is unstable. Developing countries which rely on the production of a small range of goods for export are made to feel like small parts in the international economic mach
29、ine. As “futures” are traded on computer screens, developing countries simply have less and less control of their destinies.So what are the options of regaining control？One alternative for developing countries is to buy in the latest computers and telecommunications. Yet this leads to long-term depe
30、ndency and perhaps permanent constraints on developing countries economies.Communication technology is generally exported from the US, Europe or Japan；the patents, skills and ability remain in the hands of a few industrialized countries. It is also expensive, therefore imported products and services
31、 must be bought on credit usually provided by the very countries whose companies stand to gain.11. From the passage we know that the development of high technology is in the interests of_.Athe rich countries Bscientific developmentCthe local elitesDthe world economy12It can be inferred from the pass
32、age that_.Ainternational trade should be expandedBthe interests of the poor countries have not been given enough considerationCthe exports of the poor countries should be increasedDcommunication technology in developing countries should be modernized13Why does the author say that the electronic econ
33、omy may have a destructive impact on developing countries?ABecause it enables the developed countries to control the international market.BBecause it destroys the economic balance of the poor countries.CBecause it violates the national boundaries of the poor countries.DBecause it inhibits the indust
34、rial growth of developing countries.14The development of modern communication technology in developing countries may_.Ahinder their industrial productionBcause them to lose control of their tradeCforce them to reduce their share of exportsDcost them their economic independence15The authors attitude
35、towards the communication revolution is_.Apositive BcriticalCindifferent Dtolerant全解全析 11. 答案A解析考查推理判断。文章第一段最后一句指出,西方国家关心的是自己“如何”利用这些新技术,而这些新技术“为谁”的问题再一次被抛到了一边；第二段最后一句则说,电子经济让拥有这项技术的国家加强了对全球市场的控制,而对没有这一技术的国家产生了破坏性的影响。因此可以推断出这些技术代表的是西方发达国家的利益。12答案B解析考查推理判断。文章第一段第二句指出“.little attention has been given
36、to.the poor”,即很少有人注意这些发展对穷人的意义。而由后文的论述可以看出这里的“穷人”指的就是发展中国家,因此这句话的意思实际上就是这些发展并没有顾及发展中国家的利益。13答案A解析考查细节理解。根据第二段最后一句“.allows the haves to increase their control on global markets.”以及后文的论述可以看出,这里的“the haves”指的就是西方发达国家,因此答案为A项。14答案D解析考查细节理解。文章第四段最后一句说“Yet this leads to long-term dependency.economies (然而这
37、会导致长期的依赖,也许会对发展中国家的经济产生永久性的制约)”,也就是说会使发展中国家失去经济独立。15答案B解析考查作者态度。本题较为简单,通过文中措辞,如第一段“little attention has.for the poor”；第二段“Economists are only now realizing.”；第三段“For them the result is unstable.”等不难看出作者对这种代表着发达国家利益、不顾及发展中国家利益的通讯革命是持批评态度的,故选B；误选C项和D项是由于不理解词义所造成的。【2016模拟题】阅读下列短文，从每题所给的四个选项（A、B、C和D）中，选
38、出最佳选项。 Researchers from France and Italy discovered that Canadian parents are less strict with their children than mothers and fathers in France and Italy. “Our most important finding was the difference between Canadians and the others，” said Professor Michel Claes，the lead author of the study.“Cana
39、dians focus on independence and negotiation. On the other hand，Italians，for example，exercise more control. We found Canadians seem to focus on negotiation in case of a conflict.” Claes said Canada，France and Italy were selected for the study because they share important cultural and social factors.“
40、We chose FrenchCanadians because they share the same language as France，and originally came from France and share certain values. Italy was included because it was considered to have similar，strong and important family values，” he explained. The researchers examined the emotional ties between parent
41、s and their children by questioning 1,256 students aged 11 to 19 years old. Canadian students reported less control and more free actions，according to the study. Italian parents were stricter and French parents were somewhere in the middle.Claes explains that the differences lie in education in Cana
42、da，France and Italy. “North America has its own educational values，which promote individualization. Tolerance and comprehension are encouraged. Italy，on the other hand，promotes respect of authority，control，and the need for permission.” he said.Children from all three countries described their mother
43、s as warm and communicative. Italian and Canadian children had similar feelings about their fathers，and reported high levels of emotional ties. But French fathers were generally thought by their children to be more distant and cold. “We were surprised by this，” Claes admitted.“It seems as though the
44、 relationships between French mothers and their children were becoming closer over time，while fathers maintain a form of distance and coldness，which is more of a source of conflict in France than in the other countries.”8Professor Michel Claes believes that Canada，France and Italy _. Ahave the same
45、family spirit Bhave some similar cultural traditions Chave experienced some similar social changes Dhave experienced similar cultural developments9How did the researchers carry out the study ? ABy collecting answers of parents from Canada，France and Italy. BBy collecting answers of children from Can
46、ada，France and Italy. CBy questioning parents and their children from Italian Canadian families. DBy questioning children from FrenchCanadian families.10. According to Michel Claes，what mainly leads to the differences in parentchildren relationships among Canada，France and Italy? AEducational opport
47、unities. BTraditional ideas. CEducational values. DHistorical events.11Which of the following is NOT a finding of the study? AFrench children have troubled relationships with their parents. BCanadian children have close relationships with their parents. CItalian children have good relationships with their parents. DKids from Canada，France and Italy have closer ties with their moms.【参考答案】811、BBCA