1、2019版高考（人教）英语一轮基础达标练：必修5U4含答案*阅读理解。Chinese paper cutting or jianzhi is the art of cutting paper designs, and the cut-outs are also used to decorate doors and windows, so they are sometimes called chuang hua. Paper cutting has long been a symbol of Eastern charm.There are symmetrical(对称的)designs that
2、 are usually created by some folding and cutting. When unfolded, it forms a symmetrical design. Chinese cut-outs are normally symmetrical and are usually in an even number series of 2, 4, 24,etc.The oldest surviving paper cut-out is a symmetrical circle from the early 6th century found in Xinjiang,
3、China. From the 7th to 13th century, paper cutting became popular especially during Chinese festivals. The art spread to the rest of the world in the 14th century. Throughout the Qing Dynasty many paper cutting skills were developed including drafting and the use of smoked papers. By the end of the
4、Qing ruling, however, paper cutting was once on the decline because new art forms were being introduced. The Republic of China later tried to revive the art in the 1980s.Today, paper cut-outs are chiefly decorative. They decorate walls, windows, doors, columns, mirrors, lamps and lanterns in homes a
5、nd are also used on presents or are given as gifts themselves. Entrances decorated with paper cut-outs are supposed to bring good luck. Paper cut-outs used to be used as patterns, especially for embroidery(刺绣).There are two methods of manufacture: one uses scissors, the other uses knives. In the sci
6、ssor method, several pieces of paper up to eight are fastened together. The image is then cut with sharp, pointed scissors. Knife cuttings are fashioned by putting several paper on a relatively soft foundation consisting of a mixture of oil and ashes. Skilled crafters can even cut out different draw
7、ings freely without stopping.1.When can the existing oldest paper cutting date back to?A. about 1 500 years ago.B. about 1 600 years ago.C. about 1 400 years ago.D. about 600 years ago.2.The underlined word revive in Paragraph 3 can be replaced by _.A. surviveB. restoreC. copyD. fix3.Which of the fo
8、llowing words can best summarize the last paragraph?A. History.B. Origin.C. Uses.D. Process.4.What may be the best title of the text?A. Paper the Eastern CharmB. The History of Paper CuttingC.A Brief Introduction to Paper CuttingD. Paper Cutting Unbelievable Skilled Crafters【文章大意】本文是一篇说明文。中国的剪纸艺术源远流
9、长，距今已有1 500多年的历史。如今的剪纸主要用于装饰。剪纸过程简单但具有一定的文化特色。1.A 【解析】细节理解题。根据文章第三段的首句中的关键信息The oldest surviving paper cut-out.from the early 6th century found in Xinjiang, China可知，该艺术始于六世纪早期，即500年左右，故用2017年减去500年，即可推知距今约1 500年。3.D 【解析】段落大意题。最后一段介绍了剪纸的两种方法，具体使用什么工具和怎样操作。由此可推知本段讲的是剪纸的过程，故用process概括此段较为合适。4.C 【解析】标题归
10、纳题。全篇从中国剪纸艺术的历史、用途以及过程等全方位阐述了Paper Cutting，故用A Brief Introduction to Paper Cutting作为文章标题最合适。*单句语法填空1We must concentrate our effort on _ (find) ways to reduce costs.答案：findingconcentrate ones effort on . “集中精力”，on为介词，故填动名词finding。2They study hard _ (acquire) a good knowledge of English.答案：to acquire此
11、处不定式在句中作目的状语。3Ill keep you _ (inform) of the progress made at any time.答案：informedkeep sb. informed of sth. “通知某人某事/使某人了解某事”。4It is difficult _ (assess) the effects of these changes.答案：to assessIt isadj.to do sth. “做某事是的”。5You can never depend on it _ he can arrive on time.答案：thatdepend on it that “
12、指望/相信”。6Are you _ (accuse) me of lying to the headmaster?Im sure you did.答案：accusingaccuse sb. of (doing) sth. “指责/控告某人(做)某事”。本句是一般疑问句，谓语动词用了现在进行时。7All these gifts must be mailed immediately so as to _ (receive) in time for Christmas.答案：be receivedso as to do . “为了做”，gifts与receive之间为被动关系，故应填be recei
13、ved。8There are cases _ this rule does not work.答案：where若定语从句的先行词为抽象地点名词case, stage, point, position, condition等时，且定语从句中缺少地点状语，应用where引导定语从句。9He left the classroom without the _ (approve) of the teacher.答案：approval由空前的“the”和空后的“of”可知，设空处应填名词形式，即approval。10People demanded that the injured _ (take) to
14、hospital at once.答案：(should) be takendemand意为“要求”，后跟宾语从句时，从句应用虚拟语气，谓语动词用“should动词原形”，should可以省略。主语the injured与动词take之间是被动关系，故用被动语态。*完形填空。(2018长春市质量监测一)When I was just out of college，I managed to get my dream job as a trader in New York City on the floor of the American Stock(证券)Exchange.Though it wa
15、s a proud _1_，the job was simply too physically _2_I must stand in a crowd every day，which often _3_ me in a mindset(思维模式)that held me back.Manhattan is a walking town and its difficult to _4_ when you have a disability.Taxies are expensive and riding the subway _5_ dozens of steep steps to get belo
16、w the _6_.This left me only one _7_the bus.One night，after the _8_ for my job，I was aching with selfpity _9_ it started to rain on my walk to the bus stop.I became more and more _10_ without an umbrella，thinking Id never _11_ it in this city and telling myself，“this city is just too hard” and “maybe
17、 it is just not possible for a guy like me”And then，I _12_ the most beautiful，short moment.A couple came rolling by on roller skates，hand _13_ hand as they skated what seemed like the tango.They were all wet but they saw the _14_ as an opportunity and romance.I suddenly became grateful for waiting i
18、n the rain because I _15_ have missed this beauty _16_ if I had been in a taxi or on the subway.This，although _17_，was an important moment on my journey to discover the _18_ of achieving health and happiness.When I change my mindset，_19_ for a moment，to what is possible and work to get rid of the se
19、lflimiting beliefs that _20_ my daily actions，I will be on the road to a healthier，happier life.1A.adjustment BachievementCagreement Dtreatment2A.tiring BboringCrelaxing Ddisappointing3A.reminded BexpectedCtook Dleft4A.go up Bget aroundCset off Dshow up5A.requests BsupportsCrequires Dsurrounds6A.gro
20、und BstreetCtown Dcity7A.change BchanceCidea Dchoice8A.struggle BworkCexperience Dinfluence9A.before BwhileCwhen Dafter10A.nervous BcuriousCscared Dupset11A.get BmakeCput Dwatch12A.recalled BobservedCwitnessed Drealized13A.on BbyCto Din14A.rain BtreeCwind Dcloud15A.shall BwouldCneed Dmust16A.exactly
21、 BinstantlyCentirely Dsuddenly17A.strange BsmallCnormal Ddifferent18A.humor BhonestyCpower Dprinciple19A.still ByetCalso Deven20A.affect BfollowCforbid Dharm【解题导语】本文是一篇夹叙夹议文。作者工作很累，回家路上遇到下雨，心情沮丧。当看到一对夫妇在雨中溜冰的画面，作者感觉到改变自己的思维模式会使自己走上一条更健康、更快乐的生活之路。文章告诉我们改变思维模式的重要性。【核心词汇】go up上升get around四处走动set off出发s
22、how up出现，到场1B根据第一段中的“I managed to get my dream job”可知，作者毕业后找到了自己理想的工作，这份工作应是作者引以为傲的成就，故选B项，achievement意为“成就”。adjustment“调节”；agreement“同意，一致”；treatment“治疗，对待”。2A根据本句中的“I must stand in a crowd every day”可推知，这份工作是劳累的，故选A项，tiring意为“累人的，令人疲倦的”。relaxing“令人放松的”；disappointing“令人失望的”。3D根据语境可知“我每天都必须站在人群中，这常常
23、让我有想退缩的思维模式”。“leavesh.宾补”表示“让某人”，故选D项。remind“提醒”；expect“预期”。4B根据上文的“Manhattan is a walking town”可知，曼哈顿是一个步行商业区，所以你有残疾的话是很难四处走动(get around)的。go up“上升”；set off“出发”；show up“出现，到场”。5C根据语境可知，出租车很贵，乘坐地铁需要(requires)走下几十个陡峭的台阶才能到达地下。request“请求”；support“支持”；surround“围绕”。6A根据本句中的“the subway”以及常识可知，人们在地面(groun
24、d)下乘坐地铁，故选A项。7D句意：这让我只有一种选择公共汽车。根据上文提到的交通方式都不适合作者可知，此处表示作者唯一的选择(choice)。8A句意：一天晚上，在为我的工作苦苦奋斗后，我一直自怨自艾，当我走向公共汽车站的时候又下起了雨。根据语境可推知，此处是指在为工作奋斗(struggle)了一天之后。experience“经历”；influence“影响”。9C参见上题解析。when在此处表示“当的时候”，符合语境。10D根据上文的“it started to rain”和空后的“without an umbrella”可知，下雨了，但是作者没有带伞，所以作者心情越来越沮丧(upset)
25、。11B根据上文可知，没有雨伞，作者变得越来越沮丧，心想自己在这个城市里不会取得成功了。make it是固定短语，表示“达成目标，获得成功，做成某事”。12C句意：然后，我目睹了最美丽、最短暂的时刻。根据下文介绍的一对夫妇在雨中溜冰的画面可知，这是作者看到的。recall“召回，回想起”；observe“观察”；witness“目睹”；realize“认识到”。13D句意：一对夫妇穿着溜冰鞋，手拉着手，他们溜冰的时候像是在跳探戈舞。hand in hand“手拉手地”，是固定搭配，故选D项。14A根据上文的“it started to rain”和“They were all wet”可知，虽
26、然他们身上都被淋湿了，但他们把雨(rain)当成是一个机会和一种浪漫。15B句意：我突然对在雨中等待感到感激，因为如果我在出租车或地铁上，我会完全错过这美景。根据句子结构可知，此处是由if引导的对过去的虚拟句，结构为“if主语had过去分词，主语should/would /couldhave过去分词”，所以选B项。16C根据语境可知，作者觉得如果乘坐其他交通工具就会完全错过这一幕，故选C项。exactly“正是，恰好”；instantly“立即，马上”；entirely“完全地”；suddenly“突然”。17B虽然这是生活中的一件小事，但却是作者在探索健康和幸福的旅途中的一个重要时刻。str
27、ange“奇怪的，陌生的”；small“小的”；normal“正常的”；different“不同的”，故选B项。18C根据语境可知，作者看到的这一幕给了作者力量。humor“幽默”；honesty“诚实，正直”；power“力量”；principle“原则”。19D句意：当我改变我的思维模式去做可能的事情，并努力摆脱那些影响我日常行为的自我限制的信念时，即使是片刻，我都将会走上一条更健康、更快乐的生活之路。根据句意可知，此处表示“即使”。still“仍然”；yet“还，然而”；also“也，而且”；even“即使”。20A根据语境可知，此处表示“影响(affect)我日常行为的自我限制的信念”
28、。*单句改错1Youll be faced with two choiceswhether to be fired or not, depend on your performance in the work._答案：dependdepending句中已有谓语动词be faced with且无连词，故depend应用非谓语动词形式。depending on . 现在分词短语在句中作状语。2We had a thoroughly cleaning of our house at the weekend._答案：thoroughlythorough此处需用形容词thorough来修饰动名词clea
29、ning，故改为thorough。3It is demanded that a doctor must be sent for._答案：mustshould或去掉mustdemand后跟宾语从句、主语从句、表语从句或同位语从句时，从句应用虚拟语气，其谓语动词应用“should动词原形”，should可以省略。4They are all eager to the chance to be the top ones in the world competition as athletes._答案：第一个toforbe eager for sth. “渴望(得到)某物”。5Youd better put on a thick sweater in case of it snows._答案：去掉ofin case of sth. “如果；假使”；in case从句“万一/以防；如果/假使”。根据从句“it snows”可知应用in case，故去掉of。