1、2015山东省济南市高考英语单项选择及阅读理一轮巩固练习（5）及答案单项选择。1. Because of the unexpected changes, they postponed _us an answer.A. giving B. have given C. to give D. to have given 2. There ought to be less anxiety over the perceived risk of mountain climbing than_in the public mind today. A. exists B. exist C. exiting D.
2、 to exist 3. As a _actor, he can perform, sing, dance and play several kinds of musical instruments.A. flexible B. versatile C. sophisticated D. productive 4. He was _to steal the money when he saw it lying on the table. A. dragged B. tempted C. elicited D. attracted 5. The new teacher was very nerv
3、ous _she was well prepared.A. despite B. unless C. even D. even though 6. The pollution question as well as several other issues is going to be discussed when the Congress is in _again next spring.A. assembly B. session C. conference D. convention 7. Christmas is a Christian holy day usually celebra
4、ted on December 25th_the birth of Jesus Christ. A. in accordance with B. in terms of C. in favor of D. in honor of 8. Since it is too late to change my mind now, I am_ to carrying out the plan. A. obliged B. committed C. engaged D. resolved 9. It was a bold idea to build a power station in the deep
5、valley, but it_ as well as we had hoped. A. came off B. went off C. brought out D. make out 10. To survive in the intense trade competition between countries, we must_ the qualities and varieties of products we make to the world-market demand.A. improve B. enhance C. guarantee D. gear1答案 A。postpone延
6、缓，耽搁，后接动名词作宾语。2答案 A。表示比较的than在这里是一个关系代词，在从句中作主语。3答案 B。versatile 多才多艺的。flexible 意为“灵活的，可变通的”，例如：My holiday plans are very flexible我的假期计划很灵活。sophisticated 意为“复杂的，尖端的”。productive意为“富饶的，多产的”。4答案l B。tempt意为“引诱，诱惑”。attract意为“吸引”。drag意为“拖，拉”。elicit意为“引出，推导出”。5答案 D。此题考查从属连词的使用。从题干中可以看出此空应有“尽管：虽然”之意，A项despit
7、e有此意，但它却是一个介词，不能引导一个从句。B项unless用来引导一个条件状语从句，相当于if not，与题意不符。C项even是一个副词，不能引导从句，只有D项 even though可以引导让步状语从句，符合题。6答案 B。in session议会开会期间。7答案 D。in honor of the birth of Jesus Christ为了庆祝基督的诞生。8答案 B。be committed to doing sth致力于做某事。9答案 A。came off 实现，went off消失，brought out生产，make out进展。10答案 D，gear.to.根据调整，im
8、prove，enhance两个单词与varieties 搭配都不恰当，guarantee 也不能与 varieties搭配，阅读下列四篇短文，从每小题后所给的A,B,C或D四个选项中，选出最佳选项。Eating foods high in trans-fats (fats present in artificial form in industrially-produced cakes and fast food.) and saturated (饱和的) fats increases the risk of depression, according to a Spanish study,
9、confirming previous studies that linked “junk food” with the disease. Researchers also showed that some products, such as olive oil, can fight against the risk of mental illness. Authors of the wide-reaching study, from the universities of Navarra and Las Palmas, followed and analyzed the diet and l
10、ifestyle of over l2,000 volunteers over six years. When the study began, none of the participants had been diagnosed with depression; by the end, 657 of them were new sufferers. “Participants with an increased consumption of trans-fats presented up to a 48 percent increase in the risk of depression
11、when they were compared to participants who did not consume these fats,” the head study author said. “The more trans-fats were consumed, the greater harmful effect they produced in the volunteers.” The research team found, at the same time, that after assessing the effect of polyunsaturated fats mad
12、e up of larger amounts of fish and vegetable oils and olive oil, these products are associated with a lower risk of suffering depression. The report, published in the online journal PLOS ONE, noted the research was performed on a European population that enjoys a relatively low intake of trans-fatsm
13、aking up only 0.4 percent of the total energy taken in by the volunteers. “Despite this, we observed an increase in the risk of suffering depression of nearly 50 percent,” said researcher Miguel Martinez. “On this basis we think it of great importance to take this effect into account in countries li
14、ke the United States, where the percentage of energy derived from these fats is around 2.5 percent.” The report pointed out that the current number of depression sufferers in the world is around l50 million people, and has increased in recent years. This rise is attributable, according to the author
15、s, “to great changes in the sources of fats consumed in Western diets, where we have replaced certain types of beneficial fats in nuts, vegetable oils and fish with the saturated and trans-fats found in meats, butter and other products such as mass-produced cakes and fast food.” 1. What s the best t
16、itle of the text? A. Junk Food and DepressionB. Depression PreventionC. Types of Fats and DepressionD. Depression Research2. Which of the following increases the risk of suffering depression? A. Fish.B. Vegetable oil.C. Olive oil.D. Butter. 3. The study tells us that _. A. 2.5% Americans suffer ment
17、al illnessB. l2,000 volunteers in Navarra took partC. a minority of participants became new sufferersD. l50 million Europeans enjoy a healthier lifestyle4. The underlined word “derived” in Paragraph 5 is closest in meaning to_. A. obtainedB. chosenC. separatedD. preserved5. More and more Westerners
18、are suffering depression because_. A. they have less time for exerciseB. they eat more nuts, vegetable oils and fishC. the sources of fats in their diets have changedD. less meat, butter, and cakes are included in their diets【参考答案】15、ADCAC阅读理解。Howling is a behaviour commonly observed among a wolf pa
19、ck.As pack animals，wolves work together to hunt and rely on howling as an important means of communication among each other.There are different explanations of a wolfs howl and it appears that there may be more to discover.One theory is that wolves howl to bond better together.Its almost as if howli
20、ng together helps the pack stay together.Perhaps something similar to people feeling a sense of involvement with each other when singing a song together. But this theory may be wrong，explains Fred HHarrington，a professor who studies wolf behaviour.Indeed，there have been times when wolves have been s
21、een one moment howling in a chorus，and the next，quarreling among each other.It appears that usually the lowestranking members of the pack may actually be “punished” for joining in the chorus at times.So is howling a way to strengthen a social bond or just a way to reconfirm status among its members?
22、 Why do wolves howl for sure?What is clear，however，is that howling is often used among packmates to locate each other.Hunting grounds are distant and it happens that wolves may separate from one another at times.When this happens，howling appears to be an excellent means of gathering.Howling，interest
23、ingly，is a contagious behaviour.When one wolf starts to howl，very likely others will follow.This is often seen to occur in the morning，as if wolves were doing some sort of “roll call”where wolves all howl together to report their presence.动物的嚎叫有其目的性，而人的对唱也是为了呼唤同伴，所以人们认为两者在这一方面是相同的；但专家似乎发现，狼的嚎叫不仅仅是为了
24、呼朋引伴，因为有时也会争斗，因此，研究之后，专家发现：狼的嚎叫可能是个传染形式的行为，有时也是为了呼唤同伴。5What is the possible similarity between wolves howling together and humans singing in chorus?AThe act of calling each other.BThe sense of accomplishment.CThe act of hunting for something.DThe sense of belonging to a group.答案：D。细节判断题。从第二段的信息词“bon
25、d better together”以及“help the pack stay together”等可以确定两者的共同点与选项D的说法是一致的。6Why does Harrington think the“social bond”theory may be wrong?AWolves separate from each other after howling.BWolves tend to protect their hunting grounds.CWolves sometimes have quarrels after howling together.DWolves of low ra
26、nk are encouraged to join in the chorus.答案：C。细节判断题。根据第三段中提到的“and the next, quarrelling among each other”以及“it appears that.be punished for joining.”都可以表明选项C的说法是符合原文之意的。7Researchers are sure that wolves often howl to_.Ashow their ranks Bfind their companionsCreport the missing onesDexpress their lone
27、liness答案：B。细节判断题。根据倒数第二段中的第一句话的信息词“locate each other”以及最后一句中的“appears to be an excellent means of gathering”都可以明确：狼的嚎叫正是为了找伴儿，故选项B的说法是最符合原文的。8“Howling.is a contagious behaviour”(in the last paragraph)means_.Ahowling is a signal for huntingBhowling is a way of communicationChowling often occurs in th
28、e morningDhowling spreads from one to another答案：D。句意理解题。从最后一段中的第二句话中可以找到contagious一词的理解：一个随着一个的去做事情，如同选项D所说的那样。阅读理解。Job sharing refers to the situation in which two people divide the responsibility of one fulltime job. The two people willingly act as parttime workers, enough hours between them to fu
29、lfill the duties of a fulltime worker. If they each work half the job, for example, they each receive 50 percent of the jobs wages，its holidays and its other benefits.Job sharing differs from conventional(常规的) parttime work in that it occurs mainly in the more highly skilled and professional areas,
30、which require higher levels of responsibility and employee commitment.Job sharing should not be confused with the term work sharing，which refers to increasing the number of jobs by reducing the number of hours of each existing job, thus offering more positions to the growing number of unemployed peo
31、ple. Job sharing, by contrast, is not designed to address unemployment problems; its focus, rather, is to provide wellpaid work for skilled workers and professionals who want more free time for other activities. As would be expected, most job sharers are women. A survey carded out in 1988 by Britain
32、s Equal Opportunities Commission showed that 78 percent of sharers were female, the majority of whom were between 20 and 40 years of age. Subsequent studies have come up with similar results. Many of these women were reentering the job market after having had children，but they chose not to seek part
33、time work because it would have meant lower status. Job sharing also offered an acceptable shift back into fulltime work after a long absence.The necessity of close cooperation when sharing a job with another person makes the actual work quite different from conventional oneposition jobs. However，to
34、 ensure a greater chance that the partnership will succeed, each person needs to know the strengths, weaknesses and preferences of his or her partner before applying for a position. Moreover, there must be a fair division of both routine tasks and interesting ones. In sum, for a position to be jobsh
35、ared well, the two individuals must be well matched and must treat each other as equals.本文讲述了“job sharing”这一新的工作形式的特征及其要求。9In what way is work sharing different from job sharing?A. Work sharing requires more working hours.B. Work sharing is aimed at creating more jobs.C. Work sharing provides a more
36、 satisfactory salary.D. Work sharing depends on the employers decision.答案：B。事实细节题。由第3段首句中的“work sharing, which refers to increasing the number of jobs.”可知which引导的定语从句修饰work sharing，由此推出答案。10According to Paragraph 4, young mothers preferred job sharing to conventional parttime work mainy because _.A.
37、 they sought higher social statusB. they were over ideal working agesC. they had difficulty finding fulltime jobsD. they had to take care of both work and family答案：A。推理判断题。由第4段倒数第2句可推知这些年轻妇女们选择job sharing这一工作形式是为了寻求更高的社会地位。故选A。11In job sharing the partners should _.A. enjoy equal social status B. ha
38、ve similar work experienceC. keep in touch with each other D. know each other very well答案：D。事实细节题。由尾段后半段的内容可知D项正确。12The main purpose of the passage is to_.A. describe job sharing in generalB. discuss how to provide more jobsC. recommend job sharing to womenD. compare job sharing with work sharing答案：
39、A。主旨大意题。总览全文可知本文旨在大体上描述“job sharing” 这一工作形式。故选A。阅读理解。When an earthquake hit a small town，many houses fell down. After the earthquake，all the newspapers reported many stories about some of the families who were in trouble.One Sunday，when I was reading a newspaper，a special picture touched me. It gave
40、 the clothing sizes of each family member. I thought that this would be a good chance to teach my children to help those who were less lucky than themselves. I said to my sevenyearold twins，Brad and Brett，and threeyearold Meghan，“We have so much，and these poor people now have nothing. Well share wha
41、t we have with them.”I filled a box with foods and clothes. While I was doing this，I encouraged the boys to choose their toys and donate some of their less favourite things. Meghan watched quietly as the boys took out their old toys and games and put them together. Then she walked away. A few minute
42、s later she came back with Lucy，her muchloved doll. She put the doll on top of the other toys. “Oh，dear，”I said. “You dont have to give Lucy. You love her so much.” Meghan said，“Lucy makes me happy，Mommy. Maybe shell make another little girl happy, too.”I looked at Meghan for a long moment. She taug
43、ht me a lesson. Its easy to give something that we dont want any more，but hard to give what we cherish(珍爱)，isnt it?72. The writer has _ children.A. one B. two C. three D. four73. The underlined word “donate” probably means “_”. A. 捐赠 B. 丢掉 C. 展出 D. 放好74. Lucy is the name of _.A. a girl B. a game C.
44、a doll D. an earthquake75. Which of the following is true?A. An earthquake happened in the writers hometown.B. The writer let Meghan give her muchloved doll. C. The writer decided to buy some clothes for those people in trouble.D. The writer thinks it is more difficult to give what we love a lot. 参考答案-7275、C A C D