1、2015四川省岳池县高考英语阅读理解统练（6）及答案阅读理解-AAlthough April did not bring us the rains we all hoped for, and although the Central Valley doesnt generally experience the sound and lightning that can go with those rains, its still important for parents to be able to answer the youthful questions about thunder and
2、lightning.The reason these two wonders of nature are so difficult for many adults to explain to children is that they are not very well understood by adults themselves. For example, did you know that the lightning we see flashing down to the earth from a cloud is actually flashing up to a cloud from
3、 the earth? Our eyes trick us into thinking we see a downward motion when its actually the other way around. But then, if we believed only what we think and we see, wed still insist that the sun rises in the morning and sets at night.Most lightning flashes take place inside a cloud, and only a relat
4、ive few can be seen jumping between two clouds or between earth and a cloud. But, with about 2,000 thunderstorms taking place above the earth every minute of the day and night, theres enough activity to produce about 100 lightning strikes on earth every second.Parents can use thunder and lightning t
5、o help their children learn more about the world around them. When children understand that the light of the lightning flashing reaches their eyes almost at the same moment, but the sound of the thunder takes about 5 seconds to travel just one mile, they can begin to time the interval (间隔) between t
6、he flash and the crash to learn how close they were to the actual spark (闪光).6. According to the author, in the area of the Central Valley_. A. rains usually come without thunder and lightning. B. it is usually dry in April C. children pay no attention to the two natural wonders. D. parents are not
7、interested in thunder an lightning.7. We believe that lightning is a downward motion because_. A. we were taught so by our parents from our childhood. B. we are taken in by our sense of vision. C. it is a common natural sight. D. it is a truth proved by science.8. What is TRUE about lightning accord
8、ing to the passage? A. Only a small number of lightning flashes occur on earth. B. Lightning flashes usually jump from one cloud to another. C. Lightning travels 5 times faster than thunder. D. There are far more lightning strikes occurring on earth than we can imagine.9. The underlined word “activi
9、ty” is most closely related to the word (s) _. A. cloudB. lightning strikes C. lightning flashesD. thunderstorms10. It can be concluded from the passage that _. A. we should not believe what we see or hear. B. things moving downward are more noticeable. C. people sometimes may have wrong ideas about
10、 ordinary phenomena. D. adults are not as good as children in observing certain natural phenomena.【参考答案】610、ABDDC 阅读理解-(3)It is over 40 years since first atomic bomb was dropped on a major city in Japan. Yet even now its effects are showing themselves and may continue to do so for years to come. Muc
11、h effort and human energy have been used to try to prevent such a terrifying thing from happening again. So far there is no guarantee that it will not. Countries which already possess nuclear knowledge and resources have bombs stored away which are powerful enough to wipe out all life on earth. But
12、this is not all. Other countries, which previously were not so advanced in technology, are gradually buying materials that can be used for making atomic devices. This nuclear energy will naturally be of great value in helping the economy of poorer nations.The generation of electricity through nuclea
13、r power came directly from the original work on the atom bomb. Because of the increase in demand for energy and the possibility of decreasing supplies of oil and natural gas, the interest in electricity has increased. One of the by-products of nuclear power stations is plutonium (钸) produced from un
14、clear fuel: plutonium is ingredient (成分) in bomb-making. It means that there are far more opportunities for the manufacture of bombs.This brings the problem to a full circle again. How can something so valuable and useful be controlled so that it works for the benefit and not the destruction of man?
15、 (from )9. The effects of dropping the first atomic bomb _.A. are not over B. may go on forever C. could last much longer D. will not be over in the near future10. The writer says that enough atomic bombs have already been manufactured to _.A. wipe out Japan B. last forever C. act as a peace-keeping
16、 device D. destroy all living things11. The advantage of less developed countries being able to make atomic devices is that it _.A. gives them more opportunities for work B. will help poor countries to become richerC. will enable them to make better explosives D. will be of great value to them12. Th
17、e second paragraph tells us that the increased demand for electricity today _.A. has led to the decrease in supplies of oilB. means that more countries are interested in nuclear powerC. has increased the risk of accidental explosionsD. has increased the very means of producing more atomic bombs【答案与解
18、析】9. A 细节理解题。根据第一段第二句Yet even now its effects are showing themselves and may continue to do so for years to come可知。10. D 细节理解题。根据第一段“have bombs stored away which are powerful enough to wipe out all life on earth”一句可知。11. B 细节理解题。根据第一段“This nuclear energy will naturally be of great value in helping t
19、he economy of poorer nations”一句可知。12. D 段落主旨题。根据第二段最后一句“It means that there are far more opportunities for the manufacture of bombs.”可知。 阅读理解-You may not pay much attention to your daily elevator ride. Many of us use a lift several times during the day without really thinking about it. But Lee Gray,
20、 PhD, of the University of North Carolina, US, has made it his business to examine this overlooked form of public transport. He is known as the “Elevator Guy”. “The lift becomes this interesting social space where etiquette (礼仪) is sort of odd (奇怪的),” Gray told the BBC. “They elevators are socially
21、very interesting but often very awkward places.” We walk in and usually turn around to face the door. If someone else comes in, we may have to move. And here, according to Gray, liftusers unthinkingly go through a set pattern of movements. He told the BBC what he had observed. He explained that when
22、 you are the only one inside a lift, you can do whatever you want its your own little box. If there are two of you, you go into different corners, standing diagonally (对角线地) across from each other to create distance. When a third person enters, you will unconsciously form a triangle. And when there
23、is a fourth person it becomes a square, with someone in every corner. A fifth person is probably going to have to stand in the middle. New entrants to the lift will need to size up the situation when the doors slide open and then act decisively. Once in, for most people the rule is simple look down,
24、 or look at your phone. Why are we so awkward in lifts? “You dont have enough space,” Professor Babette Renneberg, a clinical psychologist at the Free University of Berlin, told the BBC. “Usually when we meet other people we have about an arms length of distance between us. And thats not possible in
25、 most elevators.” In such a small, enclosed space it becomes very important to act in a way that cannot be construed (理解) as threatening or odd. “The easiest way to do this is to avoid eye contact,” she said.【文章大意】本文告诉我们一些不成文的电梯礼仪。 36.The main purpose of the article is to _. A. remind us to enjoy ou
26、rselves in the elevator B. tell us some unwritten rules of elevator etiquette C. share an interesting but awkward elevator ride D. analyze what makes people feel awkward in an elevator【答案】B【 解析】写作意图题。根据短文的内容可知这里叙述了电梯里的一些不成文的规定，故选B。37. According to Gray, when people enter an elevator, they usually _.
27、 A. turn around and greet one another B. look around or examine their phone C. make eye contact with those in the elevator D. try to keep a distance from other people【答案】D【 解析】细节理解题。根据“from each other to create distance”可知，人们进电梯后要跟别人保持距离。故选D。38. Which of the following describes how people usually st
28、and when there are at least two people in an elevator? 【答案】C【 解析】细节理解题。根据A两个人应站在对角线。B三个人要站成三角形。D五个人要站在四个角和中间。只有C四个人站在四个角是正确的。故选C。39. The underlined phrase “size up” in Paragraph 7 is closest in meaning to _. A. judge B. ignore C. put up with D. make the best of【答案】A【 解析】词义猜测题。size up出现在“when the doo
29、rs slide open”电梯门开时，“act decisively果断行动”之前，所以应该是判断门内情况的意思，只有judge审度最接近。B“ignore”无视；C“put up with”容忍；D “make the best of” 充分利用。故选A。40. According to the article, people feel awkward in lifts because of _. A. someones odd behaviors B. the lack of space C. their unfamiliarity with one another D. their e
30、ye contact with one another【答案】B【 解析】推理判断题。根据倒数第二段“You dont have enough space”可知只有电梯里缺少空间的时候感到尴尬，故选B。 阅读理解-When next years crop of high-school graduates arrive at Oxford University in the fall of 2009, theyll be joined by a new face; Andrew Hamilton, the 55-year-old provost (教务长) of Yale, wholl beco
31、me Oxfords vice-chancellora position equivalent to university president in America.Hamilton isnt the only educator crossing the Atlantic. Schools in France, Egypt, Singapore, etc, have also recently made top-level hires from abroad. Higher education has become a big and competitive business nowadays
32、, and like so many businesses, its gone global. Yet the talent flow isnt universal. High-level personnel tend to head in only one direction: outward from America.The chief reason is that American schools dont tend to seriously consider looking abroad. For example, when the board of the University of
33、 Colorado searched for a new president, it wanted a leader familiar with the state government, a major source of the universitys budget. “We didnt do any global consideration,” says Patricia Hayes, the boards chair. The board ultimately picked Bruce Benson, a 69-year-old Colorado businessman and pol
34、itical activist (活动家) who is likely to do well in the main task of modern university presidents: fund-raising. Fund-raising is a distinctively American thing, since U.S. schools rely heavily on donations. The fund-raising ability is largely a product of experience and necessity.Many European univers
35、ities, meanwhile, are still mostly dependent on government funding. But government support has failed to keep pace with rising student number. The decline in government support has made funding-raising an increasing necessary ability among administrators and has hiring committees hungry for American
36、s.In the past few years, prominent schools around the world have joined the trend. In 2003, when Cambridge University appointed Alison Richard, another former Yale provost, as its vice-chancellor, the university publicly stressed that in her previous job she had overseen “a major strengthening of Ya
37、les financial position.”Of course, fund-raising isnt the only skill outsiders offer. The globalization of education means more universities will be seeking heads with international experience of some kind of promote international programs and attract a global student body. Foreigners can offer a fre
38、sh perspective on established practices.【文章大意】本文大意为：很多大学过去政府支持办学，但随着社会的发展，现在政府支持已经满足不了大学的发展，更多的是靠社会筹募资金办学，因而很多大学开始在全球寻找具有这种能力的人。41. What is the current trend in higher education discussed in the passage?A) Institutions worldwide are hiring administrators from the U.S.B) A lot of political activists
39、are being recruited as administrators.C) American universities are enrolling more international students.D) University presidents are paying more attention to funding-raising.【答案】A【 解析】根据文章大意可知，现在世界上很多大学都从美国雇佣管理者，以适应现在大学发展的需要。42. What is the chief consideration of American universities when hiring t
40、op-level administrators?A) The political correctness. B) Their ability to raise funds.C) Their fame in academic circles. D) Their administrative experience.【答案】B【 解析】由文章第三段Fund-raising is a distinctively American thing, since U.S. schools rely heavily on donations. The fund-raising ability is largel
41、y a product of experience and necessity.可知答案为B。43. What do we learn about European universities from the passage?A) The tuitions they charge have been rising considerably.B) Their operation is under strict government supervision.C) They are strengthening their position by globalization.D) Most of th
42、eir revenues come from the government.【答案】D【 解析】根据文中Many European universities, meanwhile, are still mostly dependent on government funding.可知答案为D。44. Cambridge University appointed Alison Richard as its vice-chancellor chiefly because _.A) she was known to be good at raising moneyB) she could help
43、strengthen its ties with YaleC) she knew how to attract students overseasD) she had boosted Yales academic status【答案】A【 解析】根据文中倒数第二段when Cambridge University appointed Alison Richard, another former Yale provost, as its vice-chancellor, the university publicly stressed that in her previous job she h
44、ad overseen “a major strengthening of Yales financial position.”可知答案选A。45. In what way do top-level administrators from abroad contribute to university development?A) They can enhance the universitys image.B) They will bring with them more international faculty.C) They will view a lot of things from a new perspective.D) They can set up new academic disciplines.【答案】C【 解析】根据文中最后一句Foreigners can offer a fresh perspective on established practices.可知选C。
