1、语法强化训练(十)特殊句式基础达标.单句语法填空1(2017天津卷)It was when I got back to my apartment _ I first came across my new neighbors.【答案】that此处是“It is/was.that.”强调句式，强调的是when引导的时间状语从句，故填that。2(2016天津卷)You are waiting at a wrong place.It is at the hotel _ the coach picks up tourists.【答案】that本题考查强调句型，at the hotel是被强调部分，缺少
2、强调句式中的that，故填that。3(2016全国卷)It could be anythinggardening, cooking, music, sportsbut whatever it is, _ (make) sure its a relief from daily stress rather than another thing to worry about.【答案】make句中动词短语置于句首，构成祈使句，故用动词原形。4(天津卷)Only after Mary read her composition the second time _ she notice the spell
3、ing mistake.【答案】did当only修饰的时间状语位于句首时，主句要用部分倒装，且由本句时态可知应用一般过去时，故填did。句子还原为正常语序为：Mary noticed the spelling mistake only after she read her composition the second time.。5(2015天津卷改编)Only when Lily walked into the office _ she realize that she had left the contract at home.【答案】didonly修饰状语或者状语从句位于句首时，主句谓语
4、动词要用部分倒装，根据句子可判断此处借助动词来构成倒装，且根据题干可知是过去的事情，故用一般过去时。.单句改错1(2016全国卷)At last，I will be on my own，but I still want to have my parents to turn to whenever need help._【答案】whenever后加Iwhenever引导的时间状语从句缺了主语，根据句意可知，此处应加主语I。2(福建卷改编)It was the culture，rather than the language，what made it hard for him to adapt t
5、o the new environment abroad._【答案】whatthat本句是一个强调句型，其基本结构是：It is/was被强调部分that/who其他，本句被强调部分是the culture，rather than the language，故用that。3(2015湖南卷改编)Only after talking to two students I discover that having strong motivation is one of the biggest factors in reaching goals._【答案】students后加did分析句子结构得知on
6、ly引导的状语位于句首时要用部分倒装形式。部分倒装需要把助动词/情态动词/be动词提前，根据句子可判断此处借助助动词did完成倒装。4(湖南卷改编)Children，when accompanying by their parents，are allowed to enter the stadium._【答案】accompanyingaccompanied在状语从句中，当主句主语与从句主语一致，且谓语动词含有be或be的某种形式时，可以省略从句中的主语和be。从句的完整形式为when they are accompanied by.，省略了they are。.单句语法填空1(2018湖北襄阳四
7、校联考)Although it was ten years ago _ I read the book, it shows me a universal truth that books are friends, always pushing us to move on.【答案】that分析句子结构可知，本句为强调句型，强调时间状语，所以填that。2(2018广西梧州高三一模)Freddy gave him a job and housing and lent him pocket money while _(train) him.【答案】training根据宾语him判断，train在此是
8、动词，其逻辑主语与句子的主语一致，且二者为主动关系，故填现在分词。3(2018湖北荆门调研)It wasnt until in high school _ I began to trust other people again.【答案】that句意为： 直到上了高中我才开始再次信任别人。本句考查强调句型“It is/was被强调部分that其他成分”。4(2018湖北荆州中学四次质检)Only then _ we realize there was an earthquake.I was too frightened to move.【答案】did句意为：只有在那时我们才意识到地震发生了。我太
9、害怕了以至于一动不动。“Only状语”位于句首，后面的句子需要部分倒装。本句介绍的是过去的事情，需用一般过去时，故填did。5(2018江苏连云港灌南华侨双语学校月考)Now，just in front of the house _(stand) a tall tree with a history of 100 years.【答案】stands句意为：现在，就在这座房子前面耸立着一棵有100年历史的大树。表示地点的介词短语置于句首，且主语是名词，后面的主语、谓语部分需用全部倒装形式；根据时间状语Now可推知设空处需用一般现在时；本句主语为单数第三人称，故填stands。6(2018江西新余一
10、中、宜春一中联考)Are you too old for fairy tales？If you think _， Copenhagen is sure to change your mind.【答案】so句意为：你是不是老得连童话都不想听了？如果你这样认为，哥本哈根肯定会改变你的想法。本句考查省略。so被置于believe，hope，suppose，think等动词后以避免重复。本句中so用来代替you are too old for fairy tales。7(2018湖北四地七校联考)In recent years，stress has been regarded as a cause o
11、f medical problems.However，like so many other things，it is only too much stress _ does you harm.【答案】that设空处所在句句意为：但是，像很多其他的事情一样，只有太多的压力才会伤害到你。第二句中，去掉it is及设空处，句子结构和意义仍然完整，因此此句为强调句，其基本句型为“It is/was被强调部分that/who其他”。本句被强调的部分为事物，故填that。8(2018江西九江高三一模)I was in trouble in overcoming my addiction to alcoho
12、l，and _ was my friend Mike.【答案】so根据句意判断，所填的词要能表达出后一种情况与前面情况相同这一意义，故用so，构成“so谓语动词主语”这种倒装结构，表示“也”。9(2018江苏苏锡常镇四市调研)One has reason to believe that Chinas anticorruption over the past few years，tough _ it is，has achieved inspiring progress.【答案】as/though句意为：有理由相信在过去的几年里中国的反腐活动取得了令人鼓舞的成就，虽然该活动很艰难。as/thoug
13、h引导让步状语从句时采用了形式倒装。10(2018安徽百校论坛二次联考)It is how you handle each challenge _ counts.【答案】that句意为：你怎样处理每一个挑战很重要。本题考查强调句型(It is/was被强调部分that/who 其他成分)。本句中被强调部分为how you handle each challenge，表示“非人”，故填that。11(2018湖北荆州中学四次质检)_ is no doubt that human activity, which does great harm to the environment, is the
14、main cause.【答案】There句意为：毫无疑问，非常危害环境的人类活动是主要原因。“There is no doubt that.”为固定句型，意为：毫无疑问。12(2018天津河西区二模，7)_ (get) to the top of the tower building, where you can see the whole city.【答案】Get“_ (get) to the top of the tower building”为祈使句，故设空处填Get。13(2018江西樟树中学等六校一联)In that way，World Read Aloud Day _(do)hel
15、p make a difference.【答案】does句意为：通过那种方式，世界大声读书日的确帮助产生了影响。本句主语为单数第三人称，设空处后的谓语动词是动词原形help，根据提示词do可知本题考查强调。do/does/did放在实义动词前表示强调。本句主语为单数第三人称，故填does。14You should be fully prepared before going walking in the mountain.Above all, _ (bring)plenty of drinking water with you.【答案】bring分析句子结构可知后一句缺少谓语，此处为祈使句结构
16、。句意：去山里散步之前，你应该做好充分的准备。最重要的是，要带足够多的饮用水。15(2018陕西西安八校联考)As far as I can see, _ is no possibility that he will win the tennis match this time.【答案】there句意：依我看，他没有赢得这次网球比赛的可能性。There is no possibility that.意为“没有的可能性”，为there be 句型。故填there。16There is a house near the river.There lives a man in the house an
17、d there _ (be) a lot of fish in the river.【答案】are此处表示河里有很多鱼。此处fish指的是鱼不是鱼肉，fish单复数同形，故谓语动词用复数are。17(2018四川部分名校联测)At the top of the hill _ (lie) an old cottage which has a wonderful view of the whole city.【答案】lies当介词短语置于句首时，句子应用完全倒装，去除修饰部分which has a wonderful view of the whole city后，还原成正常语序为：An old
18、cottage _ (lie) at the top of the hill.句意：山顶上坐落着一间能一览全城美景的古老小屋。结合定语从句的时态可以判断，此处应用一般现在时，故填lies。18(2018山东部分重点中学第二次联考)Yes, of course they celebrate Christmas here, and there are obviously displays in shops and Christmas markets, but _ seem to be no signs of Christmas adverts.【答案】there句意：当然他们在这里庆祝圣诞节，而且
19、很明显商店和圣诞节市场里有很多展览品，但是似乎没有圣诞广告的迹象。考查there be句型，be动词可用lie，exist，seem，remain等替代。.单句改错1(2018山西重点中学协作体一模)When taken exams, we sometimes cheat in order to get good results to make our parents and teachers pleased._【答案】takentaking句意为：当我们参加考试时，为了取得好结果来使我们的父母和老师高兴，我们有时会作弊。本题考查省略。将句子补全后为：When we are taking ex
20、ams，we sometimes cheat in order to get good results to make our parents and teachers pleased.时间状语从句主语与主句主语一致，且从句中含有be动词时，可将从句主语和be动词去掉，故将taken改为taking。2(2018山东菏泽一模)As is known to us all, some students have breakfast regularly while others dont. There is several reasons._【答案】isare句意为：众所周知，一些学生有规律地吃早餐
21、而其他学生并非如此。这有几个原因。there be句型中，be要和后面的主语保持一致，本句中several reasons为复数形式，故将There is改为There are。3(2018湖南衡阳市八中、永州市四中一联)It is working in teams instead of on my own which has freed me from trouble and made my work more efficient._【答案】whichthat句意为：是团队合作而不是我自己单打独斗使我克服了困难并使我的工作效率更高。本句考查强调句型。强调句型为：It is/was被强调部分t
22、hat其他成分。由此可见需将which改为that。4(2018河北衡水中学三次调研)Once upon a time, it was a boy whose parents named him Odd._【答案】itthere句意为：从前有一个男孩儿，他的父母给他取名叫Odd。本题考查“there be”句型，意为：有。5(2018山东潍坊一模)My dear friends, dont afraid of problems，but take advantage of them to be the best of ourselves._【答案】dont后加be句意为：我亲爱的朋友，不要害怕问
23、题，而要充分利用问题使我们自己成为最佳。“dont afraid of problems”为祈使句的否定形式，形容词afraid前需加上系动词be。6(2018湖北襄阳四校联考)Just as the old saying goes，“Happiness lies in contentment.”Only in this way we relax ourselves and achieve more progress._【答案】way后加can或者will当“only状语”位于句首时，要用部分倒装。7(2018湖南长郡中学等四校联考)There has a big library in our
24、 school._【答案】hasis句意为：我们学校有一个很大的图书馆。本题考查there be句型。没有there have/has句型。8(2018福建福州八中高三质检)Therefore，it was no doubt that I was left alone，suffering from loneliness and failure._【答案】ittherethere is no doubt that.是一个固定句型，意为“毫无疑问”。 9(2018湖南株洲教学质量检测)How an interesting country to live in！_【答案】HowWhat根据后面的名词
25、country可知，应用what引起感叹。10(2018湖南长沙一模)Doing as well as you can today, and perhaps you may be able to do better tomorrow. _ 【答案】DoingDo该句为“祈使句and陈述句”结构，祈使句句首应用动词原形，故将Doing改为Do。能力提升.语法填空(2018安徽合肥高三第二次教学质量检测)Qiang Shuping was so busy making cloth shoes _1_ she didnt even rest during the Dragon Boat Festiv
26、al holiday.The woman from Baipu County，Jiangsu Province，_2_ (make)shoes since she was 19 years old，and this year marks her 31st year making cloth shoes.She spends the entire day in her tiny studio，which _3_(measure)less than 10 square meters altogether，filled with cloth shoes in _4_(variety)stages o
27、f completion.Nowadays，many stores make cloth shoes _5_(use) machines，but Qiang sticks to the technique of making shoes entirely _6_ hand.She says the shoes _7_(produce)by machine are not of the same quality as handmade ones.The handmade cloth shoes are more durable(耐用的)and comfortable，_8_(soft)，and
28、absorb sweat better.Some people buy cloth shoes out of nostalgia(怀旧)，while others trust _9_(they)quality.Making shoes isnt a profitable job，but Qiang still insists as she wants to preserve the craft and pass it down to the younger generation.Handmade cloth shoes are also called qiancengdi(shoes with
29、 a thousand layers)，_10_ can date back to the ancient Zhou Dynasty.In 2009，the making technique of qiancengdi was listed as the national intangible cultural heritage(非物质文化遗产)【解题导语】本文通过讲述江苏的Qiang Shuping在端午节期间忙着做布鞋的故事向我们介绍了已经被列入国家非物质文化遗产的手工布鞋的特点和历史。1that考查固定句型。句意：Qiang Shuping忙着做布鞋以至于甚至在端午节假期期间她都没有休息
30、。so.that.为固定句型，意为“如此以至于”。2has been making考查动词的时态。根据该句中的“since she was 19 years old”并结合语境可知，她从19岁开始做布鞋，一直持续到现在，故用现在完成进行时。3measures考查动词时态和主谓一致。根据该句中的“She spends the entire day”可知，空处应用一般现在时；which引导非限制性定语从句，先行词为studio，且measure在此处用作连系动词，应用主动形式表被动意义，故用measures。4various考查形容词。空处修饰名词stages，故用形容词形式。5using考查现在
31、分词。主语“many stores”和动词use之间为主谓关系，use的动作伴随make的动作而发生，故用现在分词。6by考查介词。此处指“完全用手工制鞋”，by hand意为“用手工”，为固定用法。7produced考查过去分词。名词shoes和produce之间是动宾关系，该处表示动作已经完成，故用过去分词作后置定语。8softer考查形容词的比较级。根据该句中的“more durable(耐用的)and comfortable”及空后的“absorb sweat better”可知，此处应用比较级。9their考查代词。根据空后的名词“quality”可知，空处修饰该名词，故用形容词性物
32、主代词。10which考查定语从句。分析该句结构可知，该句为非限制性定语从句，先行词为“qiancengdi”，故用which引导该定语从句。.短文改错Good morning, everyone! What Id like to share it with you today is my source of strength. My grandmother died of the incurable illness last year, and I still miss her terribly. I will never see her again, never share a laugh
33、 with her and buy her a new scarf. The older I get, the more I realize that love, unconditional love, is rarely. When you lose a grandparent, you lose one of the few persons who love you. So much has happened from my grandmothers death. Time keeps rushed forward. Sometimes I wish I can make it stop.
34、 In the chaos of these changing times, my grandmother gave me numerous sweet memory that I can hold on to. I may not always know Im going, but I will always know where I came. To me, that was a source of great strength.【答案】Good morning, everyone! What Id like to share with you today is my source of
35、strength. My grandmother died of incurable illness last year, and I still miss her terribly. I will never see her again, never share a laugh with her an buy her a new scarf. The older I get, the more I realize that love, unconditional love, is rarel. When you lose a grandparent, you lose one of the
36、few persons who love you. So much has happened fro my grandmothers death. Time keeps rushe forward. Sometimes I wish I ca make it stop. In the chaos of these changing times, my grandmother gave me numerous sweet memor that I can hold on to. I may not always know Im going, but I will always know wher
37、e I came. To me, that wa a source of great strength.第一处：考查主语从句。what引导主语从句，在主语从句中作share的宾语，故it多余。第二处：考查冠词。泛指“一种不治之症”用不定冠词，incurable的读音以元音音素开头，其前应用an。第三处：考查连词。根据语境可知，此处指也不能给她买一条新围巾，应用or。第四处：考查形容词。is是系动词，后面接形容词作表语。第五处：考查连词。“since时间点”常与现在完成时连用。第六处：考查非谓语动词。“keep动名词”表示“一直做某事”。第七处：考查虚拟语气。wish后面的从句表示与现在相反的情
38、况，谓语动词应用一般过去时，即“could动词原形”。第八处：考查名词复数。memory是可数名词，被“numerous”修饰时应用复数形式。第九处：考查宾语从句。根据下文“but I will always know where I came”可知，这里是指“我不知道我要去哪”。“know”后面用where引导宾语从句。第十处：考查动词的时态。这篇文章主要以一般现在时为主，且此处描述的是客观事实，故用is。.语法填空(2018云南省昆明市高三复习教学质量检测)Summer is almost here，and the weather is heating up._1_ you drink e
39、nough water every day？Many kids dont，according to a new study _2_(publish)in the American Journal of Public Health.Erica Kenney，a _3_(science)at Harvard TH.Chan School of Public Health，originally planned to look into the amount of sugary drinks that kids were consuming in schools.However，_4_ she was
40、 doing the research，she noticed that many kids were _5_(simple)not drinking enough water.Kenney and her team examined figures from a group of 4,000 children aged from 6 to 19，between the years of 2009 and 2012.While looking through the survey results，she _6_ (find)that more than half of the kids wer
41、e dehydrated(脱水的)A lack _7_ water can lead to health problems such as headaches，poor physical performance，and even more serious problems.Your body needs more water when you are in hot climates，when you are physically active，and when you have a fever.Kenney said，“_8_ is good news that this public hea
42、lth problem has a simple solution.If we can focus on encouraging kids _9_(drink)more watera lowcost，sugarfree drinkwe can improve their drinking habits，which may allow many kids to feel _10_(great)throughout the day and do better in school.”【解题导语】一项调查表明，许多在校的孩子没有喝足够的水，超过半数的孩子处于脱水状态。1Do考查一般疑问句和时态。根据该
43、句中的“you drink enough water every day”可以判断，该句为一般疑问句，且问的是经常发生的动作，故用一般现在时，故可知答案。2published考查过去分词。a new study和动词publish之间是逻辑上的动宾关系，故用过去分词作后置定语。3scientist考查名词。根据该句中的不定冠词a可知，该处用名词，表示“一位科学家”。4when/while/as考查状语从句的引导词。根据该句中的进行时态“she was doing the research”并结合语境可以判断，此处表示“当她进行研究时，她注意到许多孩子根本没有喝足量的水”。when/while/
44、as都表示“当的时候”。5simply考查副词。空处修饰动词，故用副词形式。6found考查动词的时态。根据该句中的“the kids were”并结合语境可知，该处陈述的是过去发生的事，故用一般过去时。7of考查固定搭配。a lack of为固定搭配，意为“缺乏”。8It考查代词。分析该句结构可知，该句为包含that引导的主语从句的主从复合句，It作形式主语，真正的主语是that引导的主语从句。9to drink考查动词不定式。encourage sb.to do sth.为固定搭配，故此处用动词不定式。10greater考查形容词的比较级。根据该句中的“and do better in s
45、chool”可知，空处与此处对应，应用形容词的比较级。.短文改错(2018湖南十三校第一次联考)My neighbor Jackie is always consideration to others.One day，I was going to deliver a speech at an institute while I found my car wouldnt get starting.I rushed to the street to hire a taxi.Just at that time，I come across Jackie.He was hurried going to
46、attend his sick mother in hospital.Furthermore，when he learned about my problems，he didnt hesitate to give me a lift.I arrived at the lecture hall in time，when the audience had been present.I owe my great thanks to my neighbor Jackie，who is a person ready to help the others at any time.【答案】My neighb
47、or Jackie is always to others.One day，I was going to deliver a speech at an institute I found my car wouldnt get .I rushed to the street to hire a taxi.Just at that time，I across Jackie.He was going to attend his sick mother in hospital.，when he learned about my ，he didnt hesitate to give me a lift.
48、I arrived at the lecture hall in time， the audience had been present.I owe my great thanks to my neighbor Jackie，who is a person ready to help others at any time.第一处：considerationconsiderate系动词be后应接形容词作表语，be considerate to sb.意为“对某人体贴”。故将consideration改为considerate。第二处：whilewhenwas doing.when.是固定句式，w
49、hen作连词，意为“就在这时；突然”。故将while改为when。第三处：startingstartedget在句中是系动词，主语与动词start之间是被动关系，要用被动形式，故将starting改为started。第四处：comecame根据上下文可知，本文描述的是发生在过去的事情，应用一般过去时。故将come改为came。第五处：hurriedhurriedly修饰going to应用副词，而hurried为形容词，意为“匆忙的”。故将hurried改为hurriedly。第六处：在attend后加to句意为：他正急匆匆地去医院照顾他生病的母亲。attend to是固定搭配，意为“照料”。故在attend后加to。第七处：FurthermoreHowever杰基着急去医院，但却毫不犹豫地开车送作者去演讲的地方。上下文是转折关系，故将Furthermore改为However。第八处：problemsproblem“我”的困难就是要着急去作演讲，应用单数。故将problems改为problem。第九处：whenwhere此处是一个非限制性定语从句、修饰先行词hall，引导词在从句中作地点状语，应用where引导该从句。故将when改为where。第十处：删除the此处是说杰基是一个乐于助人的人，泛指其他人，不用冠词。故删除the。