1、浙江苍南县2016高考英语阅读理解（二轮）训练（2）及答案阅读理解 “Experience may possibly be the best teacher, but it is not a particularly good teacher.” You might think that Winston Churchill or perhaps Mark Twain spoke those words, but they actually come from James March, a professor at Stanford University and a pioneer in the
2、 field of organization decision making. For years March( possibly be wisest philosopher of management) has studied how humans think and act, and he continues to do so in his new book The Ambiguities of Experience.He begins by reminding us of just how firmly we have been sticking to the idea of exper
3、iential learning :“Experience is respected；experience is sought；experience is explained.” The problem is that learning from experience involves（涉及）serious complications（复杂化），ones that are part of the nature of experience itself and which March discusses in the body of this book.In one interesting pa
4、rt of book，for example，he turns a double eye toward the use of stories as the most effective way of experiential learning. He says “The more accurately（精确的）reality is presented，the less understandable the story，and the more understandable the story, the less realistic it is.”Besides being a broadly
5、knowledgeable researcher. March is also a poet, and his gift shines though in the depth of views he offers and the simple language he uses. Though the book is short, it is demanding；Dont pick it up looking for quick, easy lessons. Rather, be ready to think deeply about learning from experience in wo
6、rk and life.( ) 1. According to the text, James March is _. A. a poet who uses experience in his writingB. a teacher who teachers story writing in universityC. a researcher who studies the way humans think and actD. a professor who helps organizations make important decisions( ) 2. According to Jame
7、s March, experience _. A. is overvalued B. is easy to explainC. should be actively soughtD. should be inactively sought( ) 3. What can we learn from Paragraph 3? A. Experience makes stories more accurate.B. Stories made interesting fail to fully present the truth.C. The use of stories is the best wa
8、y of experiential learning.D. Stories are easier to understand when reality is more accurately described.( ) 4.Whats the purpose of this text? A. To introduce a book. B. To describe a researcher.C. To explain experiential learning. D. To discuss organizational decision making.【答案与解析】【要点综述】文章介绍了James
9、 March所著的一本名为The Ambiguities of Experience书。本书针对人们生活中过分依赖经验这一现象作了分析实际上是告诫人们不可高估经验的作用。1C 细节理解题。根据首段“For years March( possibly be wisest philosopher of management) has studied how humans think and act,”可知。2A 推理判断题。根据首段第一句及第2段“The problem is that learning from experience involves（涉及）serious complicatio
10、ns（复杂化），.”可得知March认为人们高估了经验的作用。3B细节理解题。根据第3段“The more accurately（精确的）reality is presented，the less understandable the story，and the more understandable the story, the less realistic it is.”可判断正确答案为B。4A 推理判断题。此题判断作者的写作意图。从首段最末一句“he continues to do so in his new book The Ambiguities of Experience.”及末段
11、“Though the book is short, it is demanding；Dont pick it up looking for quick, easy lessons.”可推断出本文是介绍March所著的这本书。阅读理解-AOne of the worst feelings you have as a professional athlete is the feeling after losing a game to a team that you should have beaten. That happened last night against the lowly Bos
12、ton Celtics. They had only won 13 games the whole year and were really struggling. We had just come off a very good win against the Orlando Magic on the road and were feeling good about ourselves.The day did not start out good for us when we learned that T-Mac was going to miss the game with the flu
13、. When you lose your best players (Yao, T-Mac) everyone must play a little harder and do a little bit more on the floor. We inserted Bonzi Wells into the lineup (he was the only one to have a good game for us), in place of T-Mac. It was a nasty game. We are usually one of the best three point shooti
14、ng teams in the NBA and we only made 1 of 22 three point shots! I have never seen that happen. Never! Rafer Alston, Luther Head, and me combined to shoot 5 of 33 from the field. Ouch! You arent going to win too many games like that. Even as poorly as we shot the ball, we STILL had a chance to win th
15、e game in the fourth quarter but failed to make the winning plays that you must make to leave the floor victorious. In the locker room after the game, everybody felt terrible. When we play a bad game, we feel that we let our teammates down. There is a bad feeling in the pit of your stomach when you
16、leave the gym and you just want to go home and not talk to anyone. It is a terrible feeling, but it is a feeling that makes you want to try harder and do better the next time. Ill talk to you guys later.Shane 1. What is the passage mainly about? A. To blame the team for losing the game.B. To tell th
17、e readers about the feeling after losing the gameC. To explain why they played poorly in the game.D. To blame Yao Ming and TMac for being absent from the game.答案解析：答案为B。本题为主旨大意题。从第一段第一句话 “One of the worst feelings you have as a professional athlete is the feeling after losing a game to a team that y
18、ou should have beaten.”并结合后段的描述可知，本文作者是在描述比赛失败后的感受。故选B。2. What can the readers learn from the text? A. The Boston Celtics is one of the top teams in NBA.B. The Boston Celtics had a big win over the writers team.C. Every one of the team played poorly with no energy.D. Bonzi Wells starts in the game w
19、ith T-Mac out.答案解析：答案为D。本题为细节推断题。A选项没有在文章中提到；B选项与第一段第三句话“They had only won 13 games the whole year and were really struggling.”不符；C选项与第二段第二句话 “. everyone must play a little harder and do a little bit more on the floor.”不符合。D选项可以从第二段最后一句话 “We inserted Bonzi Wells into the lineup (he was the only one
20、to have a good game for us), in place of T-Mac.”相符合，意为“我们插入Bonzi Wells来代替T-Mac，与D选项意思一致，故选D。3. How do you think the writer might describe his performance that night?A. Tough B. Relaxing C. Terrible D. Efficient答案解析：答案为C。本题为细节题。从倒数第二段最后一句话 “It is a terrible feeling”得知，答案为C。4. The text most probably c
21、omes from the writers _ .A. blog B. telephone message C. note D. interview答案解析：答案为A。本题考查考生判断文章体裁的能力。A 意为 “博客 ”；B 意为 “电话消息 ”；C 意为“笔记”；D 意为“采访”。解答本题可以结合第一题的问题，通篇文章都是在抒发作者比赛失败后的感觉，所以此内容最有可能是从博客中看到。故选A。阅读下列短文，从每题所给的四个选项（A、B、C、D）中，选出最佳选项。 Some Kids Are OrchidsMost of us think we know the kind of kid who
22、becomes a killer, and most of the time we are right. Boys commit about 85% of all youth homicides, and in those cases about 90% conform to a pattern in which the line from bad parenting and bad environment is usually clear. Through my work, I see these boys in the courtroom and in prison with depres
23、sing regularity. Their lives start with abuse, neglect and emotional deprivation at home. Add the effects of racism, poverty, and the drug and gang cultures, and it is not surprising that in a violent society like ours, damaged children become deadly teens.But what about the other 10% of kids who ki
24、ll: the boys who have loving parents and are not poor? What about smart privileged boys like Dylan Klebold and Eric Harris who killed over a dozen schoolmates in Columbine School? Are their parents to blame when these kids become killers? I have learned as a researcher in youth homicide cases that t
25、he answer is usually no.Most children are like dandelions; they thrive if given half a chance. Some are more like orchids. They do fine while young enough to be nurtured by loving parents, but wilt as adolescents subjected to peer competition, bullying and rejection, particularly in big high schools
26、. Research shows that while most fragile children do fine in early childhood, 50% have significant adjustment problems once they enter adolescence. Then children respond to the influence of peers and the larger culture in the neighborhood and the nation. The US youth homicide rate is about 10 times
27、higher than in Canada.The normal culture of adolescence today contains elements that are so nasty that it becomes hard for parents and teachers to distinguish what in a teenagers talk, dress and taste in music, films and video games indicate psychological trouble and what is simply a sign of the tim
28、es. Most kids who adopt the Mafia lifestyle, or have multiple body piercings, or listen to savage music, or play the video game Doom are normal kids caught in a toxic culture.Intelligent kids with good social skills can be quite skillful at hiding who they really are from their parents. They may do
29、this to avoid punishment, to escape being identified as crazy, or to protect the parents they love from being disappointed or worried. Klebold successfully hid his inner turmoil from his loving parents. Anyway, how many parents are capable of thinking the worst of their son - for example, that he ha
30、s murderous fantasies, or that he could go so far as to acting them out? Even if parents know their child as an individual, they may not understand what he is capable of when in company of another boy. Though it appears from public accounts that Harris was more prone t violence than Klebold, neither
31、 kid was likely to go on this killing rampage alone.I think many of us are too ready to blame good parents for how their children cope with a violent and coarse society. Even loving, attentive parents can lose children who are temperamentally vulnerable - if they develop a secret life, get caught up
32、 in the dark side of the culture and form dangerous peer alliances. And thats the scary part for any parent to acknowledge. 阅读下列短文，从每题所给的四个选项（A、B、C、D）中，选出最佳选项。MotorismThe scene is a petrol station somewhere in England. A queue of cars stretches back over a kilometer down the road. As vehicles move s
33、lowly towards the pumps, the air fills with the sound of the car horns. People are getting frustrated and angry. Suddenly a fight starts. Two respectable-looking men in business suits are hitting each other. One has accused the other of jumping the queue. The British petrol crisis started in Sep. 20
34、00, and car owners began panic buying. Many are genuinely worried about being able to get to work. But many more had no need for petrol. They still waited for hours to put tiny amounts in the fuel tank. Others wasted their fuel driving from place to place trying to buy more. Soon a serious shortage
35、developed.Things are back to normal now. But the big scare has raised lots of questions about the effect of car culture on society in general. According to sociologists, a motorist is not just a person who uses a car to go from one place to another. He is someone whose attitudes and beliefs are clos
36、ely linked to the fact that he owns a car. He has a certain way of looking at he world. Call it motorism. It is a philosophy that can be summed up in two words - me first.To the committed motorist, the car represents freedom. People without cars have to wait for bus or train. They go where it wants
37、them to go. And they have no choice over who goes with them. The car driver can go exactly where he wants. he can choose the time of journey and travel with anyone he likes, or no one at all. When he passes a line of people at a bus stop, he smiles. He is a different and better human being. He is a
38、car-owner.Gradually, the car becomes part of his family. The thought that it might go short of petrol affects him in the same way as the thought his child might go hungry. He will do anything or go anywhere to satisfy that hunger. Many car owners do not think like this. They depend on a car for phys
39、ical reasons. But others become psychologically dependent on their cars.Car culture is an accepted part of many Western societies. But the panic buying of petrol in Sep. showed that it would be a dangerous way to think. It is like having a friend who believes he can fly. Everybody laughs, until he j
40、umps out of the window.There are signs that people are realizing this. Some of those who queued for hours for petrol now say they are a bit ashamed of themselves. Next time they will stop and think. According to the manufacturers, bicycle sales have risen by over 30 percent since the crisis. Some people are at last trying to break the car habit. Bicycles might be slower and less comfortable than cars. But everyone knows who is in charge.
