1、2019高考英语二轮阅读理解金题编（四）及解析Section AA(2018四川成都龙泉中学高三二诊,C)The North and South Poles are remote and freezing places that receive lots of animal visitors but few human tourists.But 2007 marked the beginning of the International Polar Year (IPY), a two-year-old activity of science projects that aim to show
2、how important the poles are to the health of our planet. During the IPY, which lasted until March 2009, thousands of researchers from more than 60 countries conducted more than 200 projects and expeditions to both the top and bottom of the world.In recent years, the polar regions have begun to chang
3、e severely as a result of global warming. Temperatures there are rising faster than anywhere else on the Earth. As a result, the ice and snow in these regions are melting at record-setting rates. One result is that sea levels are rising around the world, putting animals and people at risk.“Only by s
4、tudying the poles,” say IPY researchers, “can we find ways to protect them and ourselves.”Both the Arctic and the Antarctic are cold and remote, but the two regions have important differences. For one thing, the Arctic is an ice-covered ocean surrounded by land. The Antarctic, on the other hand, is
5、a continent of ice-covered land surrounded by water.Most polar studies have focused on the Arctic, and that is where scientists have observed the most remarkable changes in the ice. During a typical year, the Arctic ice expands in the winter and shrinks in the summer. But recently, the amount of ice
6、 covering the ocean has been steadily dropping in both seasons.1.The goal of the International Polar Year is.A.to make it clear that the poles have much to do with a healthy earthB.to provide practical theory to further develop this distant areaC.to call on as many scientists as possible to do resea
7、rch on the polesD.to discover more mysteries unknown to man2.What is the main factor that has caused the changes of the poles?A.The increasing number of animals.B.The development of the poles.C.The melting of the poles.D.The rising temperature.3.What unusual phenomenon worries the scientists?A.In su
8、mmer the ice of the Arctic loses faster.B.The ice covering the Arctic decreases even in winter.C.The ice of the Arctic increases less than in the past.D.The changes in the Arctic are more serious.B(2017山东烟台一模)In an effort to discourage people from using plastics,scientists have been hard at work inv
9、enting alternative packaging products.From water bottles made from seaweed to cutlery(餐具)made from rice and wheat,a number of inventions are set to change the way we eat while we are on the go,or having a relaxing picnic in the park.The idea of using seaweed to make eco-friendly(环保的)water bottles ha
10、s been around for a few years.Recently,Ari Jonsson took his inventiona water bottle made from red seaweedto show off at a festival. The bottles will only hold their shape as long as they are filled.As soon as these bottles are empty, they will begin to break down,though they would be perfectly safe
11、to eat.Ari Jonssons bottles are a step closer to a widely used alternative to the current plastic ones. The eatable water container is not the only product to add to our image of the future.Narayana Pessapaty has also created eatable spoons.After the success of his spoons.Mr Pessapaty is ready to ex
12、pand and introduce forks and chopsticks to his menu.His aim is to largely reduce the amount of plastic waste,which is a huge problem for waste sites all over the world.It is a product that may take up to 500 years to break down,and recycling companies worldwide are struggling to deal with it.Aside f
13、rom the obvious benefits to the environment,this new packaging is also cheap to produce and therefore cheap to buy.Even better is the fact that similar eatable cutlery can be made at home,possibly a science project for children or just fun with friends.Why not get experimenting and create your own r
14、ecipes?4.Why do scientists invent alternative packaging products?A.To make peoples life more convenient. B.To reduce the amount of plastic waste. C.To change the way we picnic outside.D.To show off their inventive talents.5.What makes Ari Jonssons water bottles eco-friendly?A.They can be made at hom
15、e.B.They are cheap to produce and buy.C.They will hold their shape when they are filled.D.They will break down themselves when empty.6.What do Aris and Narayanas inventions have in common?A.They are convenient to carry. B.They are safe to eat.C.They can be used for a short time.D.They are heavier th
16、an plastics.7.What can be inferred from this passage?A.Home-made eatable cutlery is likely to be popular. B.Eatable cutlery will completely replace plastics in the near future.C.No recycling companies can break down plastic waste.D.Its unsafe for individuals to invent eatable cutlery at home.Section
17、 BA(2018甘肃西北师大附中三诊,C)A new study has found the amount of antibiotics(抗生素) given to farm animals is expected to increase by two-thirds over the next 15 years. Researchers are linking the growing dependence on the drugs to the rising demand for meat, milk and eggs. However, the drugs could quicken the
18、 development of antibiotic-resistant(对抗生素有抗药性的) infections. Such infections are already a major public health concern in the United States.Experts say when people stop living in poverty, the first thing they want to do is eat better. For most people, that means their diet should contain more meat. W
19、ith the rapid development of Asia, people there are eating nearly four times as much meat, milk and dairy products as they did 50 years ago.To meet that demand, farms have put many animals into smaller spaces. As the animals are crowded together, the easiest way to deal with some of the problems of
20、crowding is to give them antibiotics. Its clear that antibiotics help the animals stay healthy in a crowded environment and grow faster. But bacteria can develop resistance to the drugs gradually. Nowadays, doctors find antibiotics that once worked against the infections no longer work. The bacteria
21、 have learned ways to fight against the drugs. The heavy use of antibiotics in animals is responsible for the growth of antibiotic resistance worldwide. In the United States, at least two million people get drug-resistant infections each year and at least 23,000 die from an infection.Europe has bann
22、ed the use of antibiotics to increase animal growth. And the United States is hoping to persuade farmers to stop using antibiotics for that purpose.1.What accounts for the increasing amount of antibiotics given to farm animals?A.The need for eating diversely.B.The limited farm technology.C.The less
23、effective antibiotics.D.The development of the economy.2.What does getting rid of poverty mean for most people?A.Making a lot of money.B.Having more meat to eat. C.Living in a better environment.D.Focusing more on health.3.From the passage, we can infer that using too many antibiotics in farm animal
24、s .A.causes animals to get infected more easilyB.will lead to the failure of all the antibioticsC.makes antibiotic-resistant bacteria spread to peopleD.has a negative effect on the growth of animals 4.Whats the passage mainly about?A.A new way of raising farm animals.B.The abuse of antibiotics in fa
25、rm animals.C.The disadvantages of using antibiotics.D.The reason for banning the use of antibiotics.B(2017山东莱芜二模) If youre encouraged by the tiny house movement and think 160 square feet is just enough for your needs, you may want to contact the Academy of Construction and Design (ACAD) at IDEA Publ
26、ic Charter School in northeast Washington.Students in the program built a micro house with a kitchen, a bathroom, a sleeping loft with space for a queen-size bed and a storage loft, all set on a trailer for mobility. The exterior of the house was part of a continuous living exhibit in 2015 and was m
27、oved to the IDEA campus so students could work with builders to complete the interior earlier this year.McMahon said the D.C. governments approval to push companies to hire District residents was at odds with the school system not preparing students for careers in construction, exploring or electric
28、al work. McMahon gathered industry and community leaders to establish ACAD in 2005 and he said 100 percent of the companies he contacted responded positively to the idea, including major firms such as JBG, Clark Construction, Hines Construction and Boston Properties.“When students make the connectio
29、n between what they are learning and a potential career,their academics improve dramatically,” said Carol Randolph, chief operating officer of the D.C.Students Construction Trades Foundation. “Some of them who didnt think college was an option now have a better chance because their classes have beco
30、me relevant to a job.”“We teach them life skills and explain that even if you start as a laborer, there are opportunities to move up quickly,” he said. “We rewrite the story for them and explain that they can work for a few years,make good money,get promoted,and start their own business or go to sch
31、ool with less debts.”“Parents and school advisors can be the biggest obstacles because of the negative idea of construction as a blue-collar career,” Karriem said. “I get middle-school advisors on board to talk about the opportunities this education provides. These kids are learning lifelong skills
32、that can help them in other fields, provide them with income and allow them to take care of their homes.” 5.What is the purpose of the program of building a micro house?A.To satisfy different needs of people.B.To help acquire lifelong skills from the college. C.To make the college more attractive.D.
33、To offer more job opportunities in colleges. 6.What does the underlined part “at odds with” mean in the third paragraph?A.Inconsistent with.B.Familiar to.C.Harmonious with.D.Similar to.7.What can we infer from the words of Karriem?A.Students tend to choose the blue-collar career.B.Parents and school
34、 advisors are wrong.C.Its hard to make the program popular.D.Life skills help improve scores greatly.8.Which of the following may be the title of the passage?A.A Micro House Program for StudentsB.Build a Micro House for Campus Students SoonC.Why Not Build More Tiny Houses D.Develop Lifelong Skills o
35、f StudentsSection C(2018河南高三4月毕业班高考适应性考试,D)When it comes to mental illness, many people often find it tough to get the help they need. This is especially true for young students to make the transition(过渡) to college life.“Sometimes, students dont realize how hard it is to adjust to college,”said Lau
36、ra Smith, associate dean of students at the University of Texas at Dallas. “Youre not the big fish in your classes anymore; you have all kinds of personal stress; youre away from home. Dealing with these things is not easy.”Students who are going through these problems sometimes want to reach out. B
37、ut if students dont feel comfortable seeking help, many feel that its the responsibility of their university to help them.“I really wish that there was more importance placed on how counseling(咨询) centers help students,” said Comnie Trinh. “Counseling services are just as important as academics and
38、sports.”Trinh, 27, graduated from Texas Womans University in 2015.During college, she hosted various workshops on how to handle mental health condition. Trinh used her own story to connect with students who might be facing similar problems. High academic pressures, cultural differences as an Asian A
39、merican and stressful social situations stood out as some of the most common causes of Trinhs anxiety.It was only after years of personal problems that she could admit that reaching out isnt a sign of weakness.“If you feel you cant connect with other people around you, you should address the issue w
40、ithout shame,” Trinh said. “Youll find that there are a lot of people out there who sincerely want to help you.”1.The passage can be seen as the authors reflections upon.A.college lifeB.counseling servicesC.mental healthD.cultural differences2.Whats Trinhs preferred solution to the problems mentione
41、d?A.Making self-criticism.B.Handing the problems actively.C.Solving the problems on her own.D.Finding the causes of the problems.3.What does the underlined phrase “connect with” in the last paragraph probably mean?A.Get along with.B.Join together with.C.Be related to.D.Get through to.4.What can we l
42、earn from the text?A.Counseling services help do research.B.Adjusting to college life is a piece of cake.C.Hosting workshops improves students ability.D.Being brave to get help is not a sign of weakness.Section D(2018广东佛山高三教学质检二, D)Academic learning is usually in the spotlight at school, but teachin
43、g elementary-age students “soft” skills like self-control and how to get along with others might help to keep at-risk kids out of criminal trouble in the future.Once a program called Fast Track was started in the early 1990s for more than 7,600 children of 55 schools in America. They were identified
44、 by their teachers and parents to be at high risk of developing aggressive behavioral problems. The students were randomly divided into two groups; half took part in the intervention, which included a teacher-led curriculum, parent training groups, academic tutoring and lessons in self-control and s
45、ocial skills. The program, which lasted from first grade through 10th grade, reduced delinquency(少年犯罪), arrests and use of health and mental health services as the students aged through adolescence and young adulthood.In another latest study, by looking at the data from nearly 900 students in previo
46、us findings, researchers found that about a third of the influence on future crime outcomes was due to the social and self-regulation skills the students learned from ages 6 to 11.The academic skills, or hard skills like learning of physics, which were taught as part of Fast Track, turned out to hav
47、e less of an influence on crime and delinquency rates than did the soft skills, which are associated with emotional(情绪的) intelligence. Soft skills might include teaching kids to work cooperatively in a group or teaching them how to think about the long-term consequences when they make a decision.Res
48、earchers drew the conclusion that these soft skills should be emphasized even more in our education system and in our system of socializing children. Parents should do all they can to promote these skills with their children as should education policymakers. To the extent we can improve those skills
49、, we can improve outcomes in delinquency.1.Fast Track was intended for children who.A.were randomly chosen from their schoolsB.had some problems with academic learningC.often went against their teachers and parents wishesD.were considered to have criminal trouble in the future2.What can be learned a
50、bout “the intervention” in Paragraph 2?A.It included all the students.B.It focused on social skills.C.It improved health services.D.It had positive outcomes.3.Compared with soft skills, hard skills.A.almost have no influence on studentsB.are more affected by students emotionC.are mainly related to a
51、cademic learningD.offer children greater self-control abilities4.Which is the best title for the passage?A.Soft Social Skills MatterB.Fast Track Helps ChildrenC.How to Prevent DelinquencyD.What to Do for EducationSection AA语篇解读由于全球变暖,地球两极地区的环境面临着很多危险。科学家们正在进行极地研究,寻找保护基地和我们人类自己的方法。1.A细节理解题。根据第二段中的a t
52、wo-year-old activity of science projects that aim to show how important the poles are to the health of our planet可知选A。2.D细节理解题。根据第三段内容可知导致极地环境变化的主要原因是温度的升高。故选D项。3.B细节理解题。根据最后一段最后一句But recently, the amount of ice covering the ocean has been steadily dropping in both seasons.可知。B语篇解读为了减少塑料垃圾,科学家努力工作发明
53、了替代性的包装产品,这些产品既环保又可食用,还可以在家自己制作。4.B细节理解题。根据文章第一段中In an effort to discourage people from using plastics,scientists have been hard at work inventing alternative packaging products.可知科学家发明替代性的包装产品是为了阻止人们使用塑料产品,从而减少塑料垃圾。5.D细节理解题。根据文章第二段中As soon as these bottles are empty they will begin to break down可知当
54、这些由海藻制成的水瓶没有水的时候,它们就可以分解。6.B推理判断题。根据文章第二段中As soon as these bottles are empty they will begin to break down,though they would be perfectly safe to eat.和第三段中Narayana Pessapaty has also created eatable spoons.可知它们食用起来非常安全。7.A推理判断题。根据文章最后一段可知这些餐具对环境有好处,制作便宜,很容易买到,也可以在家制作,因此很可能会流行起来。Section BA语篇解读随着对肉、奶、
55、蛋的需求的增加,更多的抗生素被应用于农场牲畜体内。这会加快对抗生素有抗药性的感染的发展,从而对公众健康造成威胁。1.D推理判断题。根据第一段的Researchers are linking the growing dependence on the drugs to the rising demand for meat, milk and eggs.和第二段可知,在饲养农场牲畜过程中使用的抗生素增加,是因为对肉、奶、蛋的需求的增加,这是经济发展的结果,故D项正确。2.B细节理解题。根据第二段的when people stop living in poverty, the first thing
56、 they want to do is eat better. For most people, that means their diet should contain more meat.可知B项正确。3.C推理判断题。根据倒数第二段的The heavy use of antibiotics in animals is responsible for the growth of antibiotic resistance worldwide.可知,在农场牲畜体内过多使用抗生素,是造成在全球范围内对抗生素的抗药性细菌增加的原因。4.B主旨大意题。B项意为“对农场牲畜滥用抗生素。”,符合文章主
57、题。B语篇解读本文主要介绍了华盛顿东北部的IDEA Public Charter School为了培养学生获得终生的技能而开展的建造微型房屋的项目。5.B推理判断题。根据文章第四段和第五段可知建造微型房子项目的目的是帮助这些大学生获得终生技能。6.A词义猜测题。根据第三段中的the D.C.governments approval to push companies to hire District residents(哥伦比亚特区政府支持推动公司雇用本地区居民)和the school system not preparing students for careers in construct
58、ion, exploring or electrical work(学校教学没有准备好让学生从事建筑、勘探或与电相关的工作)可知政府倡导的和学校的宗旨不一致。7.C推理判断题。根据文章最后一段中Parents and school advisors can be the biggest obstacles because of the negative idea of construction as a blue-collar career可知家长和学校顾问们因对从事蓝领职业的消极看法可能会成为最大的障碍,因此普及该项目会很难。8.A主旨大意题。综合全文内容并结合文章第二段第一句可知本文主要介
59、绍了华盛顿东北部的IDEA Public Charter School为了培养学生获得终生的技能而开展的建造微型房屋的项目。Section C语篇解读本文主要讲了面对精神健康问题时,很多人发现获得需要的帮助很困难。实际上,勇敢地寻求帮助并不是软弱的表现。1.C主旨大意题。根据第一段When it comes to mental illness, many people often find it tough to get the help they need. This is especially true for young students to make the transition(过
60、渡) to college life.可知,这篇文章中作者主要谈论了精神健康问题。故选C项。2.B推理判断题。根据最后一段“If you feel you cant connect with other people around you, you should address the issue without shame,” Trinh said. “Youll find that there are a lot of people out there who sincerely want to help you.”可推断出Trinh偏爱的问题解决方案是积极地解决问题。故选B项。3.A词义
61、猜测题。根据下文 you should address the issue without shame可推断前半句的意思是“如果你感觉你不能和周围的人和睦相处”。故选A项。4.D推理判断题。根据倒数第二段It was only after years of personal problems that she could admit that reaching out isnt a sign of weakness.可推知勇敢地寻求帮助不是软弱的表现。故选D项。Section D语篇解读本文讲述了软社交技能的重要性。1.D推理判断题。根据第一段Academic learning is usua
62、lly in the spotlight at school, but teaching elementary-age students “soft” skills like self-control and how to get along with others might help to keep at-risk kids out of criminal trouble in the future.可知,Fast Track是为那些在未来被认为有犯罪问题的孩子准备的。故选D项。2.D词义猜测题。根据第二段最后一句可知,这个项目降低了少年犯罪、控告等,故选D项。3.C推理判断题。根据第四段
63、中The academic skills, or hard skills like learning of physics, which were taught as part of Fast Track, turned out to have less of an influence on crime and delinquency rates than did the soft skills, which are associated with emotional(情绪的) intelligence.可知,与软技能相比,硬技能主要与学术学习有关。故选C项。4.A主旨大意题。根据最后一段第一句Researchers drew the conclusion that these soft skills should be emphasized even more in our education system and in our system of socializing children.可知,本文讲述的是软社交技能的重要性。故选A项。
