1、课下能力提升（十二）.阅读理解People, whose desk space is well ventilated (使空气流通) with below average indoor pollution and carbon dioxide levels, showed more ability to think, understand, remember and learn, according to a new study. Researchers at Harvard claim that working in a green office can help increase the
2、brainpower. Its clear that the indoor air quality can have a great impact on the performance of workers.Researchers looked at the decisionmaking abilities of 24 participants (参与者), who were exposed to different indoor working conditions over six days. The data showed that those with higher levels of
3、 pollutants were less able to finish the work. Participants scored an average of 61 percent higher while working in buildings with the low pollution level, compared with those working in the conventional buildings.The participants were tested on everything from the basic task to crisis (危机) response
4、 and information seeking. When low carbon dioxide levels were combined with lower level of pollutants in buildings, scores were 101 percent higher than in buildings with the same decoration and furniture, which researchers said was important. All the time, it is not typically thought of as a direct
5、indoor pollutant.Dr Joseph Allen, director of the healthy buildings program at the Centre for Health and Global Environment, notes the air quality in the office is an area that has been largely ignored. Fortunately, the research results from Harvard has sounded the alarm in time. “We spend 90 percen
6、t of our time indoors, yet indoor environment and its impact on health and productivity are often an afterthought，” he said.It has turned out that even the modest improvement to indoor air quality may contribute to the decisionmaking performance of workers. British research has found that having pla
7、nts in the workplace can increase productivity by 15 percent by making workers more physically and emotionally involved in their jobs.语篇解读：本文为说明文。研究人员发现，通风良好的绿色办公室有助于提升脑力，室内空气质量对员工的决策力和工作表现有很大的影响。1Whats the new finding from Harvard?AIts necessary to paint the office green.BFresh air can improve work
8、 efficiency.CAir quality in the office is usually poor.DPeople make more mistakes in big offices.解析：选B细节理解题。由第一段可知，哈佛大学的研究发现，在通风条件良好、室内空气污染和二氧化碳水平均低于平均水平的地方，人们表现出更强的思考、理解、记忆和学习能力。2What does the underlined word “it” in Paragraph 3 refer to?AFurniture.BDecoration.CCarbon dioxide. DThe level of polluta
9、nts.解析：选C代词指代题。由第三段可知，在二氧化碳含量低而且室内污染物少时，参与者的得分比在装修和家具相同的办公室里时高出101%。研究人员称这一发现十分重要，因为一直以来，人们并不认为二氧化碳是直接的室内污染物。3Whats the attitude of Dr Joseph Allen to the research results from Harvard?ACritical. BPositive.CDoubtful. DUnconcerned.解析：选B观点态度题。由第四段可知，约瑟夫艾伦博士说，办公室的空气质量在很大程度上一直被人们所忽视。幸好，哈佛大学的研究结果及时为人们敲响了
10、警钟。由此可推测，他对研究结果是持肯定的态度。4We can infer from the last paragraph that _.Apeople should reduce time spent indoorsBworking conditions decide ones working abilityCBritish research is opposite to Harvard studyDplants in the office can help people work better解析：选D推理判断题。由最后一段可知，英国的研究表明，在办公室摆放植物可以使员工在身体和情感上都更投
11、入工作，从而提高15%的生产力。.阅读七选五In your life, sometimes you may be asked to speak in front of a large group of people. Although it sounds a little scary, even those with stage fright can speak successfully to the group with adequate preparation.Practice your speech before the big day. _1_ If possible, practic
12、e the speech in front of a friend or family member to get used to saying it to real people. If you feel you must have note cards, limit the amount to about three cards. This will force you to keep your speech concise and help you keep your eyes focused on your audience.Remember why youve been invite
13、d to speak.If youre battling fear over speaking to a large group of people, keep your mind on the fact that you were selected for this important role. The speech organizers must have seen something valuable in you or your expertise. _2_Remember that fear of public speaking is very common._3_ Most of
14、 the people in the audience would be feeling the same fear and stress that you do in your position. Knowing this may make you feel better._4_What you say should be tailored to why youre there and who youre speaking to in order to avoid sounding general. If speaking to a charity group, mention the go
15、od work certain specific individuals have done for the cause. If speaking at a business conference, briefly state why you want to help these people.Keep eye contact with the crowd._5_ Pick one person in each section and look at him while youre speaking. After each important point in your speech, swi
16、tch your focus to another section. When you focus only on one person at a time, the size of the crowd isnt as frightening.AA good memory is really helpful.BShow appreciation to your audience.CMention your audience in your speech.DThe more you have it memorized, the better.EIn fact, its normal to fee
17、l nervous or stressed out before a big speech.FSeparate the crowd into three sections mentally as you get up to speak.GThe knowledge of other peoples respect for you should reduce some of the fear.答案：15DGECF.完形填空My husband and I were working in a remote village in northern Thailand. There were many
18、_1_， particularly around our housing.We _2_ our house this past June. Shortly after, while we were working at the office, the _3_ removed all the surrounding banana trees and the grass in order to raise the ground level she had _4_ on tearing down our house and building a new one after we left.She b
19、rought in tons of _5_. This left our house in a kind of moat (壕沟), and when the heavy rains came, our _6_ flooded. This was upsetting, but it turned into something _7_， because when he became _8_ of it, the headmaster at my school got my eighthgrade class to come to help _9_ up.The boys dug into the
20、 moat to drain (使流走) the water, and built a path out to the street, _10_ the girls mopped up the water inside and spread newspapers to _11_ it. Before the problem was truly _12_， however, we had another flood. This turned into a _13_， with teachers and students _14_ helping clean up.Another time, my
21、 husband suddenly got very _15_. It was going to _16_ the ambulance two hours to reach our house, _17_ my coteacher arranged for a truck from the government office to take us to meet it this truly _18_ his life by cutting two hours off the ride.There were many other _19_ of care and kindness. This c
22、ommunity is dear to our hearts, and there is no way we can ever repay (回报) them. I plan to try my best to pay it forward by _20_ people in need of help.语篇解读：本文为记叙文。作者在泰国工作期间，得到了社区其他人的热心帮助，由此感慨良多。1A.surprises BdisappointmentsCwishes Dchallenges解析：选D由下文作者的房子里进水可判断此处意为生活中遇到了许多困难和挑战。2A.picked out Bmoved
23、 intoCset up Dmet with解析：选B由“Shortly after, while we were working at the office”可推断，此处指作者一家人搬进那栋房子。3A.worker BleaderCowner Dloser解析：选C由下文“tearing down our house and building a new one after we left”可知，作者一家是租的房子，此处应指房东。4A.planned BtriedCinsisted Dcarried解析：选A由“after we left”可推断，建新房是房东的打算。5A.ash Bwate
24、rCdust Ddirt解析：选D由上文“to raise the ground level”可知，房东为了抬高地面运来了许多土。6A.office BhouseCtown Dvillage解析：选B由上文“This left our house in a kind of moat”可知，作者的房子进了水。7A.frightening BdangerousCgood Dinteresting解析：选C由下文别人帮助作者一家可知，本是令人苦恼的事最后却变成了一件好事。8A.aware BcarefulCafraid Dsure解析：选A校长知道作者家进了水，动员师生前来帮忙，由此语境可判断选A项
25、。9A.catch BstandCgrow Dclean解析：选D由下文“with teachers and students _ helping clean up”的提示可判断选D项。10A.before BwhileCafter Dunless解析：选B男生挖沟排水，与此同时，女生拖地吸水。11A.cover BhideCdry Ddestroy解析：选C由“mopped up the water inside”和“spread newspapers”可推断，此处指女生用报纸吸水。12A.solved BavoidedCdiscussed Dfound解析：选A问题在被解决之前又来了一阵洪
26、水，故选A项。13A.meeting BquarrelCfailure Dparty解析：选D洪水一来，师生又得忙起来，就如举行一次晚会那样热闹，故选D项。14A.still BagainCeven Dalmost解析：选B参见上题解析。15A.tired BsleepyCsick Ddepressed解析：选C由“ambulance”可知，作者的丈夫病了。16A.take BcallCbring Dgive解析：选A此处为句型“It takes sb./sth. . to do sth.”，故选A项。17A.and BsoCor Dbut解析：选D本来需要很长一段时间，但作者的同事帮忙避免了
27、这种情况的发生。由前后的转折关系可判断选D项。18A.improved BsavedCprotected Dchanged解析：选B由于节省了时间使得丈夫得到及时救治，挽救了他的生命。19A.benefits BmeaningsCexamples Dcauses解析：选C由上文所举的两个事例(一是师生帮忙清水，一是丈夫得到及时救治)可判断此处应选C项。20A.taking on Bcalling upCrelying on Dlooking for解析：选D作者不知道如何回报别人对她一家的帮助，所以她打算寻找那些需要帮助的人(去帮助他们来延续这份爱心)。.语法填空Years ago I wor
28、ked in a company as a salesman. I spent one fifth of my time in trains or planes. I liked such a life and sometimes I called _1_ (I) “traveler”But on a _2_ (freeze) cold morning I got into trouble. I was still in bed _3_ suddenly the phone rang and my manager told me to fly to New York to attend _4_
29、 important meeting. I had to get up and after a quick breakfast I hurried to the airport. It was blowing _5_ (heavy) and the ground was covered with thick snow. The taxi went slowly and I missed the first flight. I had to take the next one, _6_ meant I would wait for nearly five hours in the waiting
30、 room. But five hours _7_ (late) we were told there was a bomb in our plane and the police _8_ (look) for it. Another five hours passed and most passengers lost their _9_ (patient). Before we were finally allowed to get on the plane, we had to have our baggage _10_ (examine). At the entrance a young
31、 man shouted at the policemen, “If I had a gun in my baggage, I would have shot you two hours ago！”1myself该句意思是“有时我把自己称为旅行者”，故用I的反身代词。2freezing“freezing cold”是习惯搭配，意思是“极冷的”。3whenwhen在此处表示“突然；就在这时”。4anan important meeting指“一次重要会议”，故用不定冠词表泛指。5heavily空格中所填单词在句中修饰动词blowing，故用heavy的副词形式。6which关系代词which指代
32、前面整句内容，引导非限制性定语从句，其中关系代词which在从句中作主语。7later“一段时间later”表示“一段时间以后”。8were looking这里说的是“警察正在飞机上搜炸弹”，故用过去进行时。the police作主语时谓语动词用复数。9patience空格中所填单词在句中作lost的宾语，需用patient的名词形式。10examined“have our baggage examined”是have sth. done结构，表示“请人或让人做某事”，其中examined是过去分词作宾补。.短文改错The other day I had unusual experience.
33、 I was walking along a street when I saw a lady knocking down by a car. But the driver just drives away. Immediately I rushed through the street to help him. I put her on my back and carried her to a hospital nearby. On reaching the hospital, however, she started to say I was to be blame for her inj
34、ury and demanded I paid the hospital bills. That really surprised me! Unless I tried to explain, she insisted that I was the very person who was responsible for the accident. I was total confused. Is it right or wrong to help other?答案：第一句：had后加an第二句：knockingknocked第三句：drivesdrove第四句：throughacross; himher第六句：去掉be; paidpay第八句：UnlessAlthough/Though第九句：totaltotally第十句：otherothers
