1、2015上海市高考英语阅读理解、书面表达三月自练（5）答案阅读理解【2014湛江市普通高考测试一】When you make a mistake，big or small，cherish it as its the most precious thing in the world.Most of us feel bad when we make mistakes，beat ourselves up about it，feel like failures，and get mad at ourselves.And thats only natural：Most of us have been ta
2、ught from a young age that mistakes are bad，and we should try to avoid mistakes.Weve been scolded when we make mistakesat home，school and work.Maybe not always，but probably enough times to make feeling bad about mistakes an unconscious reaction.Yet without mistakes，we could not learn or grow.If you
3、think about it that way，mistakes should be cherished and celebrated for being one of the most amazing things in the world：They make learning possible；they make growth and improvement possible.By trial and errortrying things，making mistakes，and learning from those mistakeswe have figured out how to m
4、ake electric lights，to paint the ceiling of the Sistine Chapel，and to fly.Mistakes make walking possible for the smallest toddler，make speech possible，and make works of genius possible.Think about how we learn：We dont just consume information about something and instantly know it or know how to do i
5、t.You dont just read about painting，or writing，or computer programming，or baking，or playing the piano，and know how to do them fight away.Instead，you get information about something，from reading or from another person or from observing usually.then you construct a model in your mind.then you test it
6、out by trying it in the real world.then you make mistakes.then you revise the model based on the results of your real world experimentation.and repeat，making mistakes，learning from those mistakes，until youve pretty much learned how to do something.Thats how we learn as babies and toddlers，and how we
7、 learn as adults.Mistakes are how we learn to do something newbecause if you succeed in something，its probably something you already knew how to do.You havent really grown much from that successat most its the last step on your journey，not the whole journey.Most of the journey is made up of mistakes
8、，if its a good journey.So if you value learning，if you value growing and improving，then you should value mistakes.They are amazing things that make a world of brilliance possible.1Why do most of us feel bad about making mistakes?ABecause mistakes make us suffer a lot.BBecause its a natural part in o
9、ur life.CBecause weve been taught so from a young age.DBecause mistakes have ruined many peoples careers.2According to the passage，what is the right attitude to mistakes?AWe should try to avoid making mistakes.BWe should owe great inventions mainly to mistakes.CWe should treat mistakes as good chanc
10、es to learn.DWe should make feeling bad about mistakes an unconscious reaction.3The underlined word “toddler” in Paragraph 6 probably means_.Aa small child learning to walk Ba kindergarten child learning to drawCa primary pupil learning to read Da school teenager learning to write4We can learn from
11、the passage that_.Amost of us can really grow from successBgrowing and improving are based on mistakesCwe learn to make mistakes by trial and errorDwe read about something and know how to do it right away5The author wants to tell us_.Awhat you should do when meeting with difficultiesBwhere you can f
12、ind your mistakesChow you can avoid making mistakesDwhy you should celebrate your mistakes语篇解读本文是一篇说明文，主要说明错误是生活中不可避免的事情，我们应该正确对待错误，在修正错误中不断地学习和成长。6解析：细节理解题。根据第三段第一句话中“Most of us have been taught from a young age that mistakes are bad，and we should try to avoid mistakes.”可知，C项符合题意。答案：C7解析：推理判断题。根据文章
13、第一段“When you make a mistake，big or small，cherish it as its the most precious thing in the world”以及下文的表述可推断，人们在错误中学习和提高，故选C项。答案：C8解析：词义猜测题。根据该词所在句子中“walking”和“smallest”可猜测，此处toddler应指“蹒跚学步的孩子”。句意为：错误使幼小的孩子学会走路成为可能，使学会讲话成为可能故选A项。答案：A9解析：推理判断题。根据第八段第三句话中“ You havent really grown much from that success”
14、可知，A项与文章不符；根据第五段第一句话“By trial and errortrying things，making mistakes，and learning from those mistakes”可知，C项与文章不符；根据第七段第一、二句话可知，D项与文章不符。根据第四段中“they make growth and improvement possible”可推断B项与文章相符。答案：B10解析：推理判断题。文章开头提出了文章的写作主旨，即我们应该珍惜错误。全文叙述了为什么我们应该珍惜并庆祝我们的错误。答案：D。阅读理解。“Benjamin Franklin,” Walter Isaa
15、cson tells us at the beginning of his long (but never boring) new biography, “is the founding father who winks at us.” By that, Isaacson explains, he means Franklin is the most humanand most modernof the men who shaped the American republic. We admire Washington, Jefferson and Adams, but they remain
16、 creatures of the 18th century. The man we encounter in “Benjamin Franklin”funny, pragmatic and selfaware seems like one of us, or at least someone wed like to be.Unlike Washingtons cherry tree, Franklins kite was real. His experiments with electricity made him one of the great scientists of his day
17、. He was a middleclass businessman whose success as a printer and a journalist allowed him to retire at 42and he devoted the rest of his life to his country. He was diplomat who persuaded the French to back the American Revolution and the author of the first great American autobiography. He was an e
18、xcellent swimmer. There was almost nothing he couldnt do well, except write poetry. But what truly distinguished Franklin was his talent of being great and human at the same time. He owned slaves as a younger man, but in his last years became an abolitionist(废奴主义者).When he fathered an illegitimate(私
19、生的) son, he acknowledged his fatherhood and took the responsibility of raising the boy.He seems strange today in the joy he took in compiling and creating all those self- improvement maxims he published in Poor Richards Almanac(年鉴) “early to bed, early to rise” and so on. Generations of lazy boys co
20、uld have been happier without that. But he was no hypocrite(伪君子). Isaacson tells us Franklin practiced what he preached, and often laughed at himself while he did so.By a happy accident, this is the second excellent biography of Franklin to appear in two years, after Edmund S.Morgans inspiring “Benj
21、amin Franklin.” 6. What type of literature does this passage belong to?A.Research paper.B.Book review.C. Biography. D.Short story.7. The underlined word “maxims” in Paragraph 3 probably means_.A.proverbs B.standardsC.requests D.orders8. With the fact that Franklin shouldered the responsibilities of
22、raising his illegitimate son, the author wants to prove that_.A.Franklin had made a big fortune in his business before he got devoted to politiesB.Franklin might be the only parent to support the child at that timeC.Franklin was a great man who seems human to usD.Franklin was improving his character
23、 when he got on in ages9. The underlined word “himself” in Paragraph 3 refers to_.A.Richards Almanac B.Walter isaacsonC.anyone of the readers. D.Benjamin Franklin10. In which part of a magazine can we most probably find this article?A.Society and the Arts. B.Current Affairs.C.Business Report. D.Adve
24、rtisement.【参考答案】610、BACDA 【2014高考英语广东省中山市华侨中学二模试题】读写任务（共1小题，满分25分）阅读下面的短文，然后按照要求写一篇150词左右的英语短文。When Sam first got to his boarding school with his parents, he was very happy. He thought he would be able to go home every weekend. When he was told he would not, he started crying because the thought of
25、not seeing his parents was driving him crazy.He was given uniforms and all other things that he would need for the term. He started crying when it was time for his parents to leave. He was then taken to the dorm, where he saw other children happy. He tried as much as he could to fit in but could not
26、 because his mind was at home. He started feeling homesick (想家) and wanted to go homes as soon as possible.He got sick soon because he could not eat the school food. He could not concentrate in the classroom. All he could think was being at home with his family. He had no mobile phone or other means
27、 to get in touch with his parents. He was angry and felt lonely. He thought his parents hated him and that was why they left him in a boarding school.写作内容1. 以约30个词概括上文的主要内容。2. 以约120个词讲述一次你（或你的朋友）想家的经历，内容包括： 时间、地点和起因； 想家给学习和生活带来的影响； 你（或你朋友）是如何应对的。写作要求1.作文中可以使用亲身经历或虚构的故事，也可以参照阅读材料的内容，但不得直接引用原文中的句子。2.作
28、文中不能出现真实姓名和学校名称。评分标准概括准确，语言规范，内容何时，语句连贯。【参考范文】读写任务：Version 1:Sam, a student, was sent to a boarding school, in which he missed his parents very much, and thus he got sick and could not focus his attention on his lessons. (31 words) In fact, in real life, everyone must have an experience of feeling h
29、omesick. I remember when I was 10 years old, because my parents were busy, I was sent to my uncles in another city. Right here, I would have to study in school for two years. Although my uncle and his family were really kind to me, I still felt homesick. At first, I couldnt sleep well, because I did
30、nt adapt to the climate there. And, since different teachers have different teaching styles, it was difficult for me to understand the lessons in the beginning. Besides, I was new for the students there. As a result, hardly did I have any close friends. Feeling terribly lonely, I couldnt help thinki
31、ng my parents and my fellow guys in my city every now and then. However, as days went on, I slowly adapted myself to the new environment. It was because I actively communicated with my new schoolmates and made friends with them that my homesickness gradually disappeared.（167 words）【参考范文】读写任务：Version
32、 2:Sam was sent to a boarding school and tried to adapt himself to it but failed. Consequently he began to feel homesick and lonely and became reluctant with his study. (30 words)Being homesick is not at all strange to anybody. In reality, I had a similar experience. In order to promote our competit
33、ive strength in exams, we were only allowed to go home once a month this term. It was the first time that I had had to stay in school for such a long time. So much did I miss my parents that on no account would I meet them without bursting into tears. It was this homesickness that had a bad effect o
34、n both my life and study. Missing my family so much, I did find it difficult to have a good meal and fall asleep. I could not concentrate on my study and my study efficiency went down sharply. Worse still, totally lost in the great pressure from study, I didnt know how to deal with it. I was about t
35、o abandon myself when my teachers gave me some advice on how to adapt to this busy school life. As a matter of fact, it was high time that I should study hard and independently. I then turned my homesickness into the motivation to study diligently. Moreover, I made more friends and frequently partic
36、ipated in outdoor activities, through which I was able to relax myself and share my feelings with others. Having seas of interesting things to do, I finally became accustomed to enjoying my school life. Tough as it was to adjust to a brand new school life, I succeeded eventually. The experience of overcoming the difficulties has now become a precious memory and a sum of wealth in my life. (264 words)