1、2015四川省岳池县高考英语阅读理解统练（2）及答案【2015高考复习】阅读理解Public bookshelves are appearing across Germany on street corners，city squares and in suburban supermarkets.In these freeforall libraries，people can grab whatever they want to read，and leave behind anything they want for others.Theres no need to register，no du
2、e date，and you can take or give as many as you want.“This project is aimed at everyone who likes to read.It is open for everybody，” Michael Aubermann，one of the organizers of the free book exchange said.The western citys latest public shelf was put up next to Bayenturm.It is the fourth free shelf th
3、at Aubermanns group，the Cologne Citizens Foundation，has placed outside.“We set up our other outdoor shelves last year and its been working really well，” said Aubermann.The public bookshelves，which are usually financed by donations and cared for by local volunteer groups，have appeared independently o
4、f each other in many cities，suburbs and villages.Each shelf holds around 200 books and it takes about six weeks for a complete turnover，with all the old titles replaced by new ones.Even commercial book stores and online book sellers seem to support the idea of free book exchanges.“We see this projec
5、t rather as a sales promotion than as competition，” said Elmar Muether.“If books are present everywhere，it helps our business，too.”So far，the Cologne book group has had few problems with damage or other problems.Aubermann said，“Propaganda (宣传) is the only kind of literature we do not allow here.” At
6、 another bookshelf in the Bayenthal neighborhood，the lower shelves are reserved for childrens literature only.“It is important that we make it easy for everyone to participate in this reading culture on the streetfrom old readers to kids to immigrants，” Aubermann said.While most of the shelves have
7、so far been put up in upscale_neighborhoods，Aubermann and the 20 volunteers who help look after the project are planning to put up future shelves in poor neighborhoods，where citizens often dont have as much access to literature.【语篇解读】在德国的城市街角、广场和郊区超市，一排排公共书架出现在人们的视野中。你可以随意取阅或捐赠图书。这项免费换书活动得到了人们的支持。1W
8、hich of the following is TRUE about the public bookshelves?APeople can take the books and leave their books at will.BPeople cant borrow books unless they donate books.CPeople can borrow whatever they like after registering.DPeople have to return the books according to the required time.解析细节理解题。根据第一段
9、中的“people can grab whatever they want to read，and leave behind anything they want for others.Theres no need to register，no due date，and you can take or give as many as you want.”可知，人们可以随意取阅或捐赠图书，不需要登记，也没有规定的还书时间。答案A2According to Aubermann，the public bookshelves_.Aare financed by local volunteersBhav
10、e been going well since their birthCwere managed by the local governmentDwill hold more books and take a shorter turnover解析细节理解题。由第二段中的“We set up our other outdoor shelves last year and its been working really well”可知，公共书架自诞生以来运行良好。根据第二段第四句话可知A项错误，C、D两项文中没有信息支持。答案B3The underlined phrase “upscale nei
11、ghborhoods” refers to_.Acommunities that have many peopleBcommunities that have many tall buildingsCcommunities that are free to live inDcommunities that are of high grade解析词义猜测题。根据后面的“poor neighborhoods”的对比可知，upscale neighborhoods指的是高档社区。答案D4Which might be the best title for the passage?APublic Rea
12、ding Becomes Popular WorldwideBNew Trends of Bookshelves in GermanyCPublic Bookshelves Spread Across GermanyDReading Culture on the Street in Europe解析标题概括题。综合本文内容可知，C项“公共书架遍布德国”最适合作为本文的标题。答案C。阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A.B.C和D项中，选出最佳选项，并在答题卡上将该项涂黑。AHarvard University named historian Drew Gilpin Faust as its first
13、 female president on Sunday, ending a lengthy and secretive search to find a successor（接任者）to Lawrence Summers .The seven-member Harvard Corporation elected Faust, a noted scholar on History of the American South and dean of Harvards Radcliffe Institute for Advanced Study, as the universitys 28th pr
14、esident.“This is a great day, and a historic day for Harvard,” James R. Houghton, chairman of the presidential search committee, said in a statement. “Drew Faust is an inspiring and accomplished leader, a superb scholar, a dedicated（献身的) teacher, and a wonderful human being.”Her selection is notewor
15、thy given the heated debates over Summers comments that genetic differences between the sexes might help explain the lack of women in top science jobs.Faust has been dean of Radcliffe since 2001, two years after the former womens college was combined into the university as a research center with a m
16、ission to study gender issues(性别问题).Some professors have quietly groused that the 371-year-old university is appointing a fifth president who is not a scientist. No scientist has had the top job since James Bryant Conant retired in 1953; its last four have come from the fields of classics, law, lite
17、rature and economics.1,3,5Faust is the first Harvard president who did not receive a degree from the university since Charles Chauncy, a graduate of Cambridge University, who died in office in 1762. She attended the University of Pennsylvania. “Teaching staff turned to her constantly,” said Sheldon
18、Hackney, a former president of the University of Pennsylvania and historian who worked closely with Faust. “Shes very clear. She has a sense of humor, but shes very strong-minded. You come to trust in her because shes so solid.” 1. Which might be the best title for the passage? A. Harvard named its
19、1st female president. B. History of Harvard University changed. C. Debates on female equality ended. D. Drew Gilpin Faust, a famous woman historian. 2. Which is NOT true about Drew Gilpin Faust?A. She is the 28th president of Harvard University.B. She is a famous scholar from the American South.C. S
20、he isnt a graduate from Harvard University.D. She was head of Radcliffe Institute for Advanced Study.3. Lawrence Summers held the view that .A. women cannot achieve as much as men in management B. women cannot hold important positions in society C. women can match men in science jobs D. few women ma
21、ke top scientists owing to genes 4. The underlined word “groused” in the 6th paragraph means . A. approved B. commented C. complained D. indicated 5. This passage probably appears in a .A. biography B. personal letter C. research paper D. newspaper report 【参考答案】15、ABDCD 阅读理解-If you dont want people
22、to know too much about you, then you had better keep your fridge contents secret, according to a British market research document released last week.Researchers peered (凝视) into the fridges of 400 people in Britain and compared the contents with the owners lifestyles. They claim to be able to classi
23、fy the nations people by fridge contents.They say those people can be separated into five categories：nutrition nerds (no social sense), food faddiest (whatevers in style), martyr mums, fast food fanatics and restaurant regulars.Nutrition nerds care much about what they put into their bodies. Their f
24、ridges are stocked with fruit, vegetables and healthy meat.People in this category tend to be highly organized and usually work in law or accountancy. The vast majority is single, but if they have a partner, that person will be similar.A fridge full of vitamins enriched juices implies its owner work
25、s in media or fashion. They tend not to eat the foods they buy. Known as the food faddiest, they just want to be seen as purchasing the latest important things.A fridge filled with everything from steak to frozen fish suggests the martyr mum. Her fridge tends to be stocked with every kind of product
26、, except what she herself would want. This fridge hints at difficulty balancing family and work life.Fast food fanatics always buy mineral water or soda pop. The nearest they will get to fresh fruit is tomato sauce. Their fridges hint at someone who works hard and plays hard, also, someone who is no
27、t into long term planning. Finally, a fridge filled with nothing more than a bottle of white wine and some sparkling mineral water implies an owner who is single, lives in a big city and enjoys the finer things in life. The fridge is empty because this person regularly eats in restaurants.【文章大意】本文叙述
28、了冰箱里放的食物会展示出主人的性格和生活方式。研究人员调查表明根据冰箱里的食物能展示出五类人：营养型，食物时尚型，全职妈妈型，快餐型和餐馆型。26. What can we know from the first two paragraphs?A. Some researchers are fond of staring at other peoples fridges.B. People dont want others to know about their secrets.C. The food you put in the fridge has something to do with
29、 your personality.D. There are mainly five kinds of lifestyles among British people.【答案】C【 解析】推理判断题。根据They claim to be able to classify the nations people by fridge contents.可知研究人员能够根据冰箱里放的食物来判断主人的性格和生活方式。故选C。27. According to the passage, people who belong to food faddiest_. A. dont care much about
30、money when buying things B. will try their best to stay healthy C. often stay up late to finish their job D. prefer to ask others about what to do next【答案】A【 解析】推理判断题。根据Known as the food faddiest, they just want to be seen as purchasing the latest important things.可知食物时尚家们只是让人看到他们买最新的重要的食物，但是他们不吃，因此
31、可推断他们买东西是不在乎钱。故选A。28. Which of the following is true according to the passage?A. “Nutrition nerds” are always organized and successful in their jobs.B. “Food faddists” like to stock their fridges with all kinds of vitamins.C. “Martyr mums” care themselves more than others.D. “Fast food fanatics” usu
32、ally do not stock their fridges with fresh fruit.【答案】D【 解析】推理判断题。根据Fast food fanatics always buy mineral water or soda pop. The nearest they will get to fresh fruit is tomato sauce.可知热爱快餐的人冰箱了存放的是矿泉水或苏打水，他们一般吃番茄酱而不是新鲜的水果，因此推断他们经常在冰箱里不储存水果。故选D。29. What will those who often dine out put in the fridge?
33、 A. All kinds of food they like. B. Only something to drink. C. Fruit, vegetables and meat. D. Food rich in vitamins.【答案】B【 解析】细节理解题。根据Finally, a fridge filled with nothing more than a bottle of white wine and some sparkling mineral water implies an owner who is single, lives in a big city and enjoy
34、s the finer things in life. The fridge is empty because this person regularly eats in restaurants.可知经常出去吃饭的人冰箱里只存放一些白酒和矿泉水这些喝的东西。故选B。30. What is this passage mainly about?A. What people store in their fridges. B. Fridge contents and its owners secret.C. What we should store in our fridges. D. How to
35、 keep our fridge contents secret.【答案】B【 解析】主旨大意题。根据If you dont want people to know too much about you, then you had better keep your fridge contents secret,和全文的内容可知冰箱里放的食物会展示出主人的性格和生活方式等秘密。故选B。阅读理解-Cutting global warming pollution would not only make the planet healthier, it would make people health
36、ier too, new research suggested. Cutting carbon dioxide emissions could save millions of lives, mostly by reducing preventable deaths from heart and lung diseases, according to studies released Wednesday and published in a special issue of The Lancet, a British medical journal.Relying on fossil fuel
37、s leads to unhealthy lifestyles, increasing our chances of getting sick and in some cases takes years from our lives, US Health and Human Services Secretary Kathleen Sebelius said in a telecast briefing from her home state of Kansas. As greenhouse gas emissions go down, so do deaths from cardiovascu
38、lar（心血管） and respiratory（呼吸道） diseases. This is not a small effect.Instead of looking at the health ills caused by future global warming, as past studies have done, this research looks at the immediate benefits of doing something about the problem, said Linda Birnbaum, director of the US National In
39、stitute of Environmental Health Sciences.Some possible benefits seemed highly speculative, the researchers conceded, based on people driving less and walking and cycling more. Other proposals studied were more concrete and achievable, such as reducing cook stoves that burn dung（粪便）, charcoal and oth
40、er polluting fuels in the developing world.And cutting carbon dioxide emissions also makes the air cleaner, reducing lung damage for millions of people, doctors said.Here are ways you can attack major health problems at the same time as dealing with climate change, said lead author Dr. Paul Wilkinso
41、n, an environmental epidemiologist at the London School of Hygiene and Tropical Medicine.Wilkinson said the individual studies came up with numbers of premature deaths prevented or extra years of life added for certain places.For example, switching to low-polluting cars in London and Delhi, India, w
42、ould save 160 lost years of life in London and nearly 1,700 in Delhi for every million residents, one study found. But if people also drove less and walked or biked more, those extra saved years would soar to more than 7,300 years in London and 12,500 years in Delhi because of less heart disease.【文章
43、大意】本文叙述了最新研究表明，减少温室气体排放不仅能改善地球环境，还可以改善人们的健康。 41. What does the passage mainly talk about? A. How can people live longer?B. Cutting carbon dioxide emissions saves lives. C. Global warming threatens peoples lives.D. People should stop relying on fossil fuels.【答案】B【 解析】主旨大意题。根据Cutting carbon dioxide em
44、issions could save millions of lives可知减少二氧化碳的排放可以拯救数百万人的生命，故选B。42. The new research differs from past studies in that _. A. it focuses on the immediate benefits of cutting carbon dioxide emissions B. it studies the bad effects arising from future global warming C. it is believed by more people D. it
45、 mainly targets at developing countries【答案】A【 解析】细节理解题。根据Instead of looking at the health ills caused by future global warming, as past studies have done, this research looks at the immediate benefits of doing something about the problem,现在的研究和以往一些关注未来全球变暖所导致的疾病的研究不同，该研究主要着眼于解决此问题所带来的立竿见影的益处。故选A。43.
46、 According to Kathleen Sebelius, _. A. sometimes it takes years to see the bad effects caused by consuming fossil fuels B. without greenhouse gas emissions, people would not die of cardiovascular and respiratory diseases C. the main reason why people get sick is that they rely on fossil fuels D. dea
47、ths from cardiovascular and respiratory diseases are closely related to greenhouse gas emissions【答案】D【 解析】细节理解题。根据As greenhouse gas emissions go down, so do deaths from cardiovascular（心血管） and respiratory（呼吸道） diseases. This is not a small effect.由于温室效应引起了人们的心血管病和呼吸道疾病，故选D。44. Which of the following
48、 is the most practical way to cut carbon dioxide emissions according to the passage? A. Driving less.B. Walking and cycling as much as possible. C. Stopping using fossil fuels.D. Reducing the use of polluting fuels to cook.【答案】D【 解析】细节理解题。根据Other proposals studied were more concrete and achievable,
49、such as reducing cook stoves that burn dung减少使用污染燃料来做饭，故选D。45. It can be inferred from the passage that _. A. London and Delhi have already benefited from reducing greenhouse gas emissions B. switching to low-polluting cars would save 160 lives in London each year C. walking and biking instead of dr
50、iving will reduce the chance of heart disease D. attacking health problems and dealing with climate change are contradictory【答案】C【 解析】推理判断题。根据Some possible benefits seemed highly speculative, the researchers conceded, based on people driving less and walking and cycling more.走着，骑自行车代替开车可以减少心脏病的发生，故选C。