1、Section Grammar动词ing形式语法图解探究发现Learning without thinking leads to confusion; thinking without learning ends in danger.Being exposed to sunlight for too much time will do harm to ones skin.Im sorry for having kept you waiting so long.Seeing that she was going off to sleep, I asked if shed like that li
2、ttle doll on her bed.Some teachers might be angry for not having been informed in advance.我的发现1动词ing形式由“doing”构成。2动词ing形式的否定形式直接在前面加not。3动词ing形式有一般式、完成式、一般被动式和完成被动式四种。一、 概念形式所作句子成分意义(not) doing主语、宾语、表语；定语、状语、宾语补足语主动(not) having done宾语；状语主动being done主语、宾语；后置定语(表示正在被做)被动having been done宾语；状语被动即时演练1用所给
3、动词的适当形式填空The young men rose and returned into the sitting room, while the old man, again apologizing (apologize), left by another door.I heard my parents quarrelling (quarrel) in the bedroom last night.二、 用法1作状语(1)doing表示主动的动作，可以表示原因、条件、伴随等。作结果状语时，表示顺理成章的结果。Finding her car stolen, she hurried to a p
4、oliceman for help.发现车被偷了，她匆忙向警察求助。(2)having done表示主动，该动作发生在主句谓语动词之前。Having realized that I could use a kite to attract lightning, I decided to do an experiment.意识到可以用风筝来吸引闪电，于是，我决定做个试验。(3)having been done表示被动、完成的动作。Having been separated from other continents for millions of years, Australia has many
5、 plants and animals not found in any other country in the world.长期与大陆分离，澳大利亚有许多其他国家没有的珍奇物种。即时演练2补全句子He ran too fast, falling to the ground.他跑得太快了，结果摔倒在地上。Not having received any reply, he decided to write again.没有收到任何回复，他决定再写一封信。2作定语(1)doing表示主动的动作，如果是ing短语，要置于所修饰的名词之后。There were some children swimm
6、ing in the river.一些小孩在河里游泳。(2)being done作后置定语，表示被动、且正在进行的动作。The question being discussed at the meeting now is very important.正在会议上讨论的问题很重要。即时演练3补全句子Reading is an experience quite different from watching TV; there are pictures forming in your mind instead of before your eyes.读书是与看电视不同的体验。图像在大脑中形成而不是
7、在眼前。The woman being interviewed is our English teacher.正在接受采访的那位女士是我们的英语老师。3作主语、表语、宾语和宾语补足语(1)动词ing形式作主语时，谓语动词用单数。Achieving the great rejuvenation of the Chinese nation is the greatest dream for the nation in modern times. 实现伟大复兴，就是中华民族近代以来最伟大的梦想。(2)动词ing形式作表语时，有两种不同含义。My job is teaching. 我的工作是教书。(说
8、明主语的内容)The news is exciting.这条新闻很振奋人心。(说明主语的性质)(3)动词ing形式可以作介词的宾语也可以作动词的宾语。Have you considered making contributions to your hometown after graduation?你考虑过毕业后为家乡做贡献吗？(4)作宾语补足语时，表示主动或正在进行的动作。如果是被动语态，那么，宾语补足语就变成主语补足语。The boy who was caught cheating in the exam will be punished.那个考试作弊被抓的男生将受到惩罚。即时演练4补全句
9、子Seeing it once is better than being told 100 times.百闻不如一见。He is reading a book.他正在读书。Nothing can stop the plan from being carried out.什么也阻止不了这个计划的实施。I can see some kids playing on the playground.我可以看到一些孩子在操场上玩耍。三、常见的后面接动词ing形式作宾语的动词或短语动词后接动词的形式意义finish, practice, enjoy, mind, avoid, admit, apprecia
10、te, feel like, suggest, stand, risk, consider, escape, miss, delay, dislike, imagine, understand, look forward to, insist on , be busy, cant help, get down to, be worth doingdoing词义不变continue, like, love, begin, start，learndoing意义基本相同to dogo on, remember, forget, regret, try, mean, stopdoing与已做的事有关t
11、o do表示将来要做的事情advise, allow, permit, forbid, encouragedoing建议/允许/禁止/鼓励做某事sb to do sth建议/允许/禁止/鼓励某人做某事四、有关动词ing形式的句型spend some time doing sth花时间做某事have fun/a good time/a bad time doing sth 做某事很(不)愉快have (no) difficulty doing sth 做某事(没)有困难catch sb doing sth 发现某人做某事There is no point doing sth 做某事没有意义The
12、re is no denying that . 毋庸置疑Its no use/good doing sth 做某事没有用/没好处be worth doing sth 某事值得(被)做be busy doing sth 忙于做cant help doing 情不自禁做send sb doing sth. . 使得某人做某事sth needs doing 某事需要被做end up doing sth 最终做某事即时演练5用所给动词的适当形式填空Also, every time I watch a DVD he sends me to bed or tells me to spend more ti
13、me studying (study)With the midterm examination approaching, we are busy going (go) over what weve learned this term.Samuel cant help having (have) a big nose it is typical of him to be curious about others affairs.用所给词的适当形式填空1He injured his hand while operating (operate) one of the machine tools in
14、 the workshop.2That very morning, not having received (not receive) the letter she awaited, she decided to come back.3Having failed (fail) my French exams, I decided to concentrate on science subjects.4You should know your own faults before blaming (blame) others for theirs.5He related to his wife s
15、ome amusing (amuse) stories about his employer.6He managed to get away only after overcoming (overcome) one difficulty after another.7He is a warmhearted man, responding (respond) to every plea.8I do not say more, relying (rely) on you as you may rely on me.补全句子1On the long journey he proved himself
16、 to be an amusing companion. (amuse)在长途旅行中，他证明了自己是一位风趣的旅伴。2Suddenly a footman in livery came running out of the wood. (run)突然有一个穿制服的听差从树林里跑出来。3Covering 840 square miles, the national park has beautiful lakes, mountains, and forests. (cover)占地面积840平方英里，这个国家有湖泊、山脉和森林。4Having read page one, she turned
17、over to page two. (read)读完了第一页，她翻到了第二页。5Not having a good excuse for being late, she made up one. (not have)迟到没有好的借口，她就胡编了一个。6As soon as they saw us coming, they turned tail and ran. (come)他们一看见我们来了， 掉头就跑。7Having been thoroughly cleaned, the garden looked more beautiful than ever before. (clean)经过彻底
18、清扫之后，这座花园比以往任何时候都美。8Folk songs are unlimited in form and subject matter, ranging from very simple to relatively complex. (range)民歌形式繁多、内容广泛，从十分简单的到相当复杂的事件，无所不包。9I was a shy person, and the thought of selling was the most frightening subject in the world. (frighten)我是一个腼腆的人，对我而言营销是世界上最令人害怕的课程。10Havin
19、g written an important letter, I listened to the music for a while.写完一封重要的信后，我听了一会儿音乐。.语法填空Many of us have an opinion 1 what is the best year for music. Some people say it is 1824 because the composer Ludwig van Beethoven first 2 (perform) his Symphony No.9 in that year. Other people say the best ye
20、ar is 1969 because of the hit songs 3 (create) by the Beatles, and Elvis Presley. A UK radio station, Radio X, recently conducted 4 survey and found the best year for music is 1991 because of the 5 (succeed) of great music bands like the Red Hot Chili Peppers. Meanwhile, the reason for 1991 being th
21、e Radio X surveys best year for music could be the average age of the listeners of the station 6 were teenagers in 1991 and still have great memories of that year.Dr Catherine Loveday, a psychologist, believes people are more likely 7 (have) a deeper impression of the songs they heard when they were
22、 teenagers, which 8 (accept) by more and more people now. “It is during these 9 (memory) years that we made many important lifechanging decisions，” she said. She added that music can help us relax, so these songs 10 (natural) become embedded (嵌入的) in our important memories.语篇解读：本文是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了人们对音乐
23、“黄金年”的不同看法及理由。1on/about/of考查介词。人们对哪一年是音乐“黄金年”有不同的看法， have an opinion on/about/of sth是固定用法，意为“对某事的看法”。2performed考查动词的时态。在1824，贝多芬演奏了第九交响曲，此动作发生在过去，故用一般过去时。3created考查非谓语动词。过去分词created 作后置定语，表被动，修饰hit songs，意为 “被创作的热门歌曲”。4a考查冠词。用不定冠词表示泛指，且 survey开头是辅音，故用冠词a。5success考查词性转换。此处用名词形式作介词短语because of的宾语，表 “的成功”。6who考查定语从句。此处引导定语从句，指代先行词listener，故用who。7to have考查非谓语动词。be likely to do sth是固定用法，意为“很可能做某事”。8is accepted考查动词的时态和语态。which 指代上句的观点，与“accept”之间存在动宾关系，故用被动语态。且根据时间状语now可知时态是一般现在时。9memorable考查词性转换。 修饰名词 years应用形容词memorable，意为“难忘的， 值得回忆的”。10naturally考查词性转换。修饰动词become，应用副词naturally。