1、2015上海市高考英语阅读理解、书面表达三月自练（6）答案阅读理解【2014德州模拟】Some animals will defend their territory by fighting with those who try to invade it.Fighting，however，is not often the best choice，since it uses up a large amount of energy，and can result in injury or even death.Most animals rely on various threats，either t
2、hrough sounds or smells.The songs of birds，the drumming of woodpeckers and the loud calls of monkeys are all warnings that carry for long distances，advertising to possible invaders that someone elses territory is being approached.Many animals rely on smells to mark their territories or leaving dropp
3、ings around the territories.Other animals will be warned off the territory without ever meeting with the territorys defender.Sometimes，these warnings may be ignored，and an invader may move accidentally into a neighboring territory，or two animals may meet near the border of their nearby territories.W
4、hen the two animals meet，they will generally threaten each other with visual (视觉的) displays.These displays will often exaggerate an animals size by putting up feathers or fur，or will show off the animals weapons.The animals may go through all the behavior of fighting without ever actually touching e
5、ach other.The displays are generally performed best near the center of an animals territory，where it is more likely to attack an invader and where retreating becomes more of a choice.Actual fighting usually only happens in overcrowded conditions，when resources are not enough.Serious injury can resul
6、t，and old or sick animals may die，leading to a more balanced population size.Under most natural conditions，territoriality is an effective way of maintaining a healthy population.The study of social behaviors such as territoriality in animals may also help us to understand human society.1What topic i
7、s the passage mainly involved in?AWhat animals territory is usually like.BHow animals deal with different threats.CHow animals defend their territory.DWhere animal fights take place frequently.2For most animals，whats their first response to the possible invaders to defend their territory?AFighting i
8、n groups.BThreatening and warning.CEscaping before being hurt.DAsking partners for help.3What does the underlined word “exaggerate” in the second paragraph mean?Aenlarge Bchange Cshake Dshrink4An actual fight will happen when_.Aanimals meet near the border of their territoriesBthe invader enters the
9、 defenders territoriesCthe defender notices the invader smaller than itselfDthe living resources are limited in the territory5The last paragraph tells us that territoriality has an influence on the_of the animals.Acommunication BconditionCpopulation Dmigration语篇解读本文是一篇说明文。文章主要就动物如何保护自己的领地进行了介绍。1解析：主
10、旨大意题。通读全文可知，本文主要就“动物如何保护自己的领地”进行了介绍。答案：C2解析：细节理解题。根据第一段第三句“Most animals rely on various threats，either through sounds or smells.”可知，答案选B。答案：B3解析：词义猜测题。根据第二段第二、三句可知，当某种动物发现有其他的动物侵入自己的领地时，会通过视觉上的展示来恐吓对方。它们会竖起羽毛或皮毛，以使自己看起来更大、更强壮。因此exaggerate应为“扩大，增大”之意。答案：A4解析：细节理解题。根据最后一段第一句“Actual fighting usually on
11、ly happens in overcrowded conditions，when resources are not enough.”可知，当过度拥挤导致生存资源匮乏时，就有可能发生打斗。答案：D5解析：细节理解题。根据最后一段倒数第二句“Under most natural conditions，territoriality is an effective way of maintaining a healthy population.”可知，答案选C。答案：C。阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A.B.C和D项中，选出最佳选项，。AA company planning to open the f
12、irst hotel in space says it is on target to accept its first paying guests in 2012 despite critics questioning the investment and the length of time for the multibilliondollar project.The Barcelonabased architects of the Galactic Suite Space Resort say it will cost $4.4 million for a threenight stay
13、 at the hotel. This price also includes an eightweek training course on an island. During their stay, guests would see the sunrise 15 times a day and travel around the world every 80 minutes. Galactic Suite Ltds CEO Xavier Claramunt says the project will put his company in a leading position of a ne
14、w industry with a huge future ahead of it, and forecasts space travel will become common in the future. “Its very normal to think that your children, possibly within 15 years, could spend a weekend in space” he told Reuters Television.A promising space tourism industry is beginning to take shape wit
15、h construction in progress in New Mexico of Spaceport America, the worlds first facility built specifically for passengers. British industrialist Richard Bransons space tours firm, Virgin Galactic, will use the facility to send tourists to space at a cost of $200,000 a ride.Galactic Suite Ltd, set u
16、p in 2007, hopes to start its project with a single pod (分离舱) in orbit 280 miles above the earth. “It will take a day and a half to reach the pod, and the passengers will join it for three days,” Claramunt said. More than 200 people have expressed an interest in traveling to the space hotel and at l
17、east 43 people have already reserved it.The numbers are similar for Virgin Galactic with 300 people already paid or signed up for the trip, but unlike Branson, Galactic Suite says they will use Russian rockets to transport their guests into space from a spaceport to be built on an island in the Cari
18、bbean. But critics have questioned the project, saying the length of time that will be used is unreasonable and also where the money is coming from to support the project.1. Whats Xavier Claramunts attitude towards the space tourism industry?A.Quite critical. B.Slightly worried.C.Highly optimistic.
19、D.Fully satisfied.2. Virgin Galactics guests will be transported into space by using rockets produced in_.A.Spain B.AmericaC.Britain D.Russia3. Which of the following is one of the critics concerns about this project?A.It is hard to ensure the safety of tourists.B.There are many technical difficulti
20、es.C.It will be a waste of resources.D.It may lack support in money.4. According to the passage, traveling to the space hotel _.A.will soon be possible for common peopleB.has attracted the attention of some peopleC.will make a large profit for the tourist industryD.is considered an industry with a h
21、uge future by many people5. Whats the best title for the passage?A.The worlds first space hotel is to open in 2012.B.The worlds first commercial spaceport is being built.C.Space tourism：a surprising new industry.D.Space travel will become common in 15 years.【参考答案】15、CBDBA 【2014高考英语广东省梅州市质检试卷】读写任务(共1
22、小题，满分25分)阅读下面短文，然后按要求写一篇150词左右的英语短文。Right after the Second World War, Germany was in ruins. Almost all the houses, factories and schools were destroyed. Plenty of people were homeless as well as jobless. Worse still, the supply of water and electricity was often cut off in the city. Two American jou
23、rnalists interviewed a German family living in the basement. The husband was disabled from the war and the wife was just dismissed from a clothing company. Worse still, there were bills for them to payfour children to care for and food to buy. Life was hard for them at that time.After the interview,
24、 the journalists chatted with each other on the way back to the company.“Do you think the Germans could rebuild their homeland?”“Absolutely.”“But I cant see any hope for the country at all. How can you be so certain about that?”“Have you noticed what they put on the table in the basement? There was
25、a vase of flowers. A nation, suffering at such moment, hasnt forgotten about flowers. It shows that hopes are not lost. They are still able to dream. A nation with hope can create miracles. They are sure to be able to rebuild their homeland.”【写作内容】1. 以约30个词概括上文的主要内容；2. 以约120个词就梦想改变命运的话题谈谈你的想法，内容包括：(
26、1) 你赞同文中的观点吗？(2) 举例证明你赞同或不赞同的原因；(3) 谈谈你对梦想的看法。【写作要求】1. 作文中可以使用亲身经历或虚构的故事，也可以参照阅读材料的内容，但不得直接引用原文中的句子；2. 作文中不能出现真实姓名和学校名称。【评分标准】 概括准确，语言规范，内容合适，语篇连贯。【参考范文】One possible version:Two American journalists interviewed a German family after the war. Though living a poor life, the family still placed flowers
27、 on the table, which convinced a journalist that Germans were bound to rebuild their homeland.As is often the case, a man who can dream will try hard to overcome any difficulties in front and make it in turn. Therefore，I agree that dreams can change ones life. Lisa is my friend and former classmate.
28、 She was an energetic girl who always dreamed of becoming an actress. However, at the beginning almost everyone tried to persuade her out of her dream because she was no more than 1.55 meters tall. There is no denying that actresses are usually much taller than her. However, she didnt lose heart. Wi
29、th great determination, she wrote a play by herself and eventually acted as a leading role in it. The show was a success.As far as I am concerned, one who has a dream can see further, work harder, and gain much more. Please hold fast to your dreams.读写任务评分说明读写任务是有材料作文：要求考生在阅读的基础上写一篇相关主题的作文；主要考查考生的篇章概
30、括和语言表达能力。在评分时，应注意以下几方面：1 按照评分标准，实行分析综合法评分；2 概括的要点包括：Two American journalists interviewed a German family after the war. Though living a poor life, the family still placed flowers on the table, which convinced a journalist that Germans were bound to rebuild their homeland.二、读写任务评分标准项目分值评分标准概括5 按照要求概括
31、了全部主要信息，没有增加与原文无关的信息，没有照抄原文的句子。语言结构正确，行文规范。4基本按照要求概括了主要信息，没有增加与原文无关的信息，没有照抄原文的句子。语言结构正确，行文规范。3基本按照要求概括了主要信息，但包含一些不相关的信息，有个别句子抄自原文。语言结构基本正确，行文比较规范。2不能按照要求概括主要信息，包含较多不相关的信息，有较多的抄袭。语言结构不够准确，行文不够规范。0-1没有按照要求概括主要信息，基本是不相关的信息，大多数句子都抄自原文。语言结构不准确，行文不规范。写作18-20包含题目所给全部或绝大部分的内容要点。主题明确，内容丰富。词汇丰富，用词得当。能有效运用合适的语
32、言结构，而且没有（或极少）语法错误。篇章结构的连贯性好。14-17包含题目所给全部或绝大部分的内容要点。主题明确，个别内容不准确或者不相关。词汇较丰富，有个别用词错误。较好地运用了合适的语言结构，有少许的语法错误。篇章结构的连贯性较好。11-13包含题目所给全部或绝大部分的内容要点。主题比较明确，个别内容不准确或者不相关。词汇较丰富，有个别用词错误。较好地运用了合适的语言结构，有少许的语法错误。篇章结构的连贯性较好。7-10包含题目所给的部分内容要点。主题基本明确，有些内容不准确或者不相关。词汇有限，有较多的用词错误。语言结构出现较多的语法错误。篇章结构的连贯性一般。4-6只包含题目所给的个别内容要点。多数内容不相关或者不准确。文章有些地方照抄源文。词汇贫乏，有较多的用词错误。大多数的句子出现语法错误。篇章结构的连贯性差。1-3只包含与题目所给要点内容有关的一些单词。主题不明确，文章基本照抄原文。词汇极其贫乏，基本不能正确用词。几乎没有正确的句子。篇章结构零乱。0以下几种情况，给0分：1）完全抄袭原文（或其它文章）2）文不对题3）只写一些零散的单词，完全没有表达完整的内容