1、阅读理解。阅读下列短文, 从给的四个选项 (A、B、C和D) 中, 选出最佳选项。Should doctors ever lie to benefit their patientto speed recovery or to cover the coming of death？In medicine as in law，government，and other lines of work，the requirements of honesty often seem dwarfed (变矮小)by greater needs：the need to protect form brutal new
2、s or to uphold a promise of secrecy；to advance the public interest.What should doctors say，for example，to a 46yearold man coming in for a routine physical checkup just before going on vacation with his family who，though he feels in perfect health，is found to have a form of cancer that will cause him
3、 to die within six months？Is it best to tell him the truth？If he asks，should the doctors reject that he is ill，or minimize the gravity of the illness？Should they at least hide the truth until after the family vacation?Doctors face such choices often.At times，they see important reasons to lie for the
4、 patients own sake；in their eyes，such lies sharply form selfserving ones.Studies show that most doctors sincerely believe that the seriously ill patients do not want to know the truth about their condition，and that informing them risks destroying their hope，so that they may recover more slowly，or de
5、teriorate (恶化)faster，perhaps even commit suicide (自杀)But other studies show that，contrary to the belief of many physicians；a great majority of patients do want to be told the truth，even about serious illness，and feel cheated when they learn that they have been misled.We are also learning that truthf
6、ul information，humanely conveyed (传达)，helps patients cope with illness：help them tolerate pain better，need less medicine，and even recover faster after surgery.There is urgent need to debate this issue openly.Not only in medicine，but in other profession as well，practitioners may find themselves repea
7、tedly in difficulty where serious consequences (后果)seem avoidable only through deception(欺骗)Yet the public has every reason to know professional deception，for such practices are peculiarly likely to become deeply rooted，to spread，and to trust.Neither in medicine，nor in law，government，or the social s
8、ciences can there be comfort in the old saying，“What you dont know cant hurt you.”1According to the authors opinion，lies _.Acan benefit the patientsBcan help the patients to recoveryCcan do nothing to the patients illnessDcan not benefit the patients答案：A细节理解题。从文章倒数第二段最后几句可得知答案。2Which of the followin
9、g statements is NOT true?AMost of the doctors believe that the seriously ill patients do not want to know the truth about their condition. BThe truthful information helps patients to deal with their illness.CThere is a need to discuss whether to lie to the patients.DIt is true that“What you dont kno
10、w cant hurt you.”答案：D细节理解题。文章最后，作者认为“What you dont know cant hurt you.”这一说法不对。3What is the main idea of the last paragraph?AThere is an urgent need to debate this issue openly.BNeither in medicine，nor in law，government，the social sciences can there be comfort in the old saying.“What you dont know ca
11、nt hurt you.”CThe public has every reason to be aware of professional deception.DWe need to discuss this issue in medicine，but not in other professions.答案：A主旨归纳题。第一句就是本段的主题句。4What does the author mainly discuss in the passage?ADeception is beneficial to patients.BWhether patients should be told the
12、truth of their illness.CWhether patients really want to know the truth of their illness.DWho benefits from deception.答案：B主旨归纳题。通读全文可知，作者针对医生对病人隐瞒病情这一做法提出质疑：病人应不应该了解真相？了解真相对他们有没有好处？阅读下列短文，从每题所给的四个选项（A、B、C和D）中，选出最佳选项。Compulsive（强迫的）shoppers may have a new psychological excuse to blame for their wild s
13、hopping. Psychologists at the University of Canterbury in New Zealand are studying the “shop-till-you-drop” habit as a behavioral disorder similar to compulsive eating. Compulsive shoppers frequently buy more than they can afford or more than they need, and it causes them distress.“It becomes a prob
14、lem when you are out of control,” psychology lecturer Neville Blampied said. “When you are feeling bad and blue, what do you do? Some people eat chocolate cake and ice cream. Some people take the credit card and go out to the shop.” Bank managers understand the problem because they have to deal with
15、 people who have to be persuaded to stop using their cards drawing money.Compulsive shopping was first discovered in 1915, although it was then known as oniomania. Few studies have been done on the problem.An advertisement in a Christchurch paper, calling for people to take part in an experimental t
16、reatment program designed by Mr Wilson, attracted 10 replies. But the problem, said Mr Wilson, is “clearly not rare”. He thinks that compulsive shopping should not be treated with drugs. “As psychologists we are interested in non-drug treatments for behavioral difficulties,” Mr Wilson said.Compulsiv
17、e eaters or shoppers get a kick from their habit. “Both activities provide an immediate kind of kick and you feel a bit better,” he said. “You have long-term problems, but human beings are extremely good at not seeing long-term problems and are very sensitive to short-term benefits,” he said.The aim
18、 of the treatment was to help people find better ways of managing their emotions. The program, consisting of 10 one-hour weekly lessons and two follow-up treatments, is loosely based on teaching stress management.“You often have to start to get people to correctly recognize their emotions. Not being
19、 able to know what you really feel weakens your ability to solve the problems connected with whats making you feel that way,” Mr Wilson said.8. What is this article mostly about?A. Signs of compulsive shopping. B. Studies of compulsive shopping.C. comparison of compulsive shopping and compulsive eat
20、ing.D. An experimental treatment program designed by Mr Wilson.9. The underlined word“it”in the first paragraph most probably refers to .A. a new psychological excuse B. compulsive eatingC. the study done by Blampied D. the behavior of wild shopping10. Which of the following is considered important
21、in treating compulsive shoppers?A. Teaching them to manage their money better.B. Teaching them to understand their emotions.C. Persuading them not to draw money from the bank.D. Treating them with right drugs.11. When the writer says that compulsive shoppers get a kick from their habit, he means tha
22、t they .A. feel distressed after their wild shopping B. feel better after treatment from psychologistsC. are better able to deal with stress problems D. have a feeling of excitement after shopping【参考答案】811、BDBD 阅读下列短文，从每题所给的四个选项（A、B、C和D)中，选出最佳选项。The baby elephant Ishanga was lying in the bushes, sca
23、red, starving, and struggling to breathe. Until just a few days before, she had been with her mother, walking through the sweeping grasslands of Tsavo National Park in the African country of Kenya.The babys mother was killed, most likely by a poacher. On Wednesday, November 17，2010， an anti-poaching
24、 team was removing the deadly wire traps that poachers set throughout the park. Luckily, a member of the team spotted the baby and rushed to help her.Suddenly, a lion sprang from the bushes and clamped its mouth around her neck. One person managed to pull out his gun and fire shots in the air. The s
25、hocked lion released the baby and backed away.Now the weakened baby had a grave wound on her neck. About 300 miles north of Tsavo is a place that helps baby elephants. Over the years, the orphanage(孤儿院）has raised 130 elephants and successfully released them back into the wild.After a tense wait and
26、a plane ride, the babys rescuers made it to the orphanage. The medical staff worked frantically to treat her wound. She was scared and wild. She screamed, and wouldnt let any humans get near her, refusing to eat or drink.After two hours of intense medical care, Ishanga awoke and slowly struggled to
27、her feet. Two keepers and a veterinarian had been with her all night. They were relieved that she seemed to be recovering.The next day, though Ishanga remained weak, her keepers introduced her to some of the other 14 young elephants living at the orphanage. The keepers stood back as the other elepha
28、nts extended their trunk in friendly greetings. The older elephants led Ishanga around, giving her a tour of her new home.Over the past year, Ishangas wounds have healed. She has made many friends. Itll be up to Ishanga to decide when shes ready to leave the orphanage. Returning to the wild is a lon
29、g process that can take more than 10 years. For now, she is in no rush to leave this extraordinary community of elephants and humans. Ishanga has a long, happy life ahead of her.26.The underlined word “poacher” in paragraph 2 probably means_.A. someone who hunts illegallyB. someone who protects wild
30、 animalsC. someone who is an elephant keeper D. someone who works in the park【答案】A【解析】词义猜测题。根据an anti-poaching team was removing the deadly wire traps that poachers set throughout the park.一个反盗猎团队移除致命陷阱,偷猎者设置的陷阱在整个公园。anti-poaching team反盗猎团队，故推测poacher是非法偷猎者，故选A。27.When the baby elephant was saved by
31、 the team, she was_.A. badly ill B. very dangerous C. deadD. badly wounded【答案】D【解析】细节理解题。根据Now the weakened baby had a grave wound on her neck.小象被救时脖子处严重受伤，故选D。28.The baby elephant was sent to _by plane.A, hospital B. Nature C. the orphanage D. National Park【答案】C【解析】细节理解题。根据After a tense wait and a
32、plane ride, the babys rescuers made it to the orphanage.用飞机把小象运到孤儿院进行救助，故选C。29.According to the passage, we can know that_.A.Ishanga is eager to leave the community after recoveringB.the anti-poaching team shot the lion and saved IshangaC.it will probably take Ishanga a long time to return to the na
33、tureD.a year later, Ishanga still didnt adapt to living in the orphanage【答案】C【解析】推理判断题。根据Returning to the wild is a long process that can take more than 10 years.对于Ishanga来说回归自然是一个漫长的时间，故选C。30.The passage is mainly about _.A.the rescue of a baby elephantB.the importance of animal protectionC.a brief
34、 introduction to the elephant orphanageD.a story about poachers and an anti-poaching team【答案】A【解析】主旨大意题。根据短文的内容可知主要叙述了拯救小象的过程，故选A。完形填空。For thousands of millions of years the moon has been going round the earth.At that time，the moon was the _1_ satellite(卫星)of the earth.Today，_2_，the earth has many o
35、ther satellites.All of them are _3_ by man.These manmade satellites are very much smaller than the moon.However，some of them will still be going _4_ the earth thousands of years from now. Manmade satellites dont _5_ because they are going too fast to do so.As they speed along，they _6_ to go straight
36、 off into space.They _7_ out of the earth，or its gravity，which _8_ them from doing this.As a result，they travel in an orbit(轨道)round the earth.If a manmade satellite travels about at a certain height，it can keep going _9_ round the earth，just like the moon.This is _10_ it is above the atmosphere(大气)
37、，and there is nothing to _11_ it down.If it travels _12_ than that，it will be slowed down so much that it will _13_ the earth. Men have _14_ spaceships to the moon and to the two _15_ planets Mars(火星) and Venus(金星)By putting a camera on _16_ the spaceship to the moon，men have been able to _17_ photo
38、graphs of the other side of the moon.This side is always _18_ from us as the moon _19_ the earth.The _20_ were later transmitted by radio to the earth.They showed that the other side of the moon is very much the same as the side that turns towards us.1A.first Bsecond Clast Donly答案：D从常识以及下文的many othe
39、r satellites可知在人造卫星之前月亮是地球唯一(only)的卫星。 2A.then Bhowever Cthough Dso答案：B前后两句间有转折关系，所以用副词however“然而”。3A.found BdiscoveredCmade Dsent答案：C根据下文These manmade satellites可知这些卫星是人造卫星。4A.with Bround Cbehind Dafter答案：B根据上文going round the earth可知这些卫星绕着地球转。5A.fall Brise Cbreak Dstop答案：A根据下文的they travel in an orb
40、it round the earth.可知这些人造卫星由于速度快所以不会掉(fall)下来。 6A.want Bwish Chope Dtend答案：D当加速时，卫星易于(tend to)进入太空。7A.pull Bpush Ctake Dlaunch答案：A卫星离开(pull out of)地球，进入轨道。8A.protects BkeepsCmakes Ddiscourages答案：B地球重力阻止卫星离开地球。keep.from doing.“阻止做某事”。9A.in and in Bon and onCout and out Dup and up答案：B从上文可知卫星会一直绕着地球转。o
41、n and on“不停地”。10A.because Bwhy Cwhether Dwhen答案：A本句介绍前句的原因。This is because.“这是因为”。11A.hand BforceCslow Dbring答案：C根据上下文可知大气会使卫星慢下来。slow sth.down“使慢下来”。12A.higher Blonger Cmore Dlower答案：D与上文above the atmosphere构成对应，所以使用lower。13A.leave away Bfall toCgo after Dknock over答案：B根据第二段第一句可知如果它的速度慢下来，卫星会掉入(fal
42、l to)地球。14A.gave Boffered Csent Ddrove答案：C人们已经把宇宙飞船送上(send)了月球。15A.nearest BsmallestCbiggest Dclosest答案：A由常识可知Mars(火星)and Venus(金星)是最近的(nearest)两个星球。closest表示“最靠近的”。 16A.board BrightCleft Dtop答案：Aboard the spaceship“在宇宙飞船上”。17A.form BfilmCcatch Dtake答案：Dtake photographs of“拍照”。18A.far BhiddenCdifferent Dseparated答案：B根据下文可知the other side of the moon是月球背朝地球的那一面。19A.leads BobeysCcircles Dpursues答案：C月球围绕(circle)地球转。20A.information BlettersCsounds Dphotos答案：D根据上文提到的photographs可知将照片(photos)发回地球。