1、学习内容：1. 了解现在完成时被动语态的构成； 2. 了解现在完成时被动语态在使用过程中要注意的问题；学习方法：查资料；合作探讨；参考下列内容学习时间：1. 现在完成时被动语态的构成【观察与思考】1. 现在完成时被动语态的肯定式由“have has been 及物动词的过去分词”构成。例如：Two windows have been broken两个窗子被打破了。2. 现在完成时被动语态的否定式由“have has notbeen 及物动词的过去分词”构成。例如：The car has not been repaired这辆汽车还没有修好。3. 现在完成时被动语态的一般疑问式由“Have Ha
2、s 主语been及物动词的过去分词”构成。例如：Has her work been finished？墓魍瓿闪寺穑?/P Yes，it has是的，完成了。Have the cars been repaired？这些汽车修好了吗？No，they havent不，还没有。4. 现在完成时被动语态的特殊疑问式由“疑问词havehas主语been及物动词的过去分词”构成。例如：How long has her work been finished？她的工作完成有多久了？Who has been helped by the new computer？谁已经得到了这台新计算机的帮助？How many n
3、ew words have been learned by the students？这些学生已经学会了多少单词？【小试牛刀】根据上述知识，请完成16题1）I cant see any coffee in this cupboard. ？ A. Has it all been finished B. Was it all finished C. Has it all finished D. Did it all finish2）Millions of pounds damage by a storm which swept across the north of England last ni
4、ght.A. has been causedB. had been caused C. will be causedD. will have been caused3）More patients in hospital this year than last year. A. treatedB. have treated C. had been treated D. have been treated4）The window is dirty. I know. It for weeks.A. hasnt cleaned B. didnt clean C. wasnt cleaned D. ha
5、snt been cleaned5）I like these English songs and they _many times on the radio.A. taught B. have taught C. are taught D. have been taught6）In recent years many football clubs _ as business to make a profit.A. have run B. have been runC. had been runD. will run2. 使用现在完成时的被动语态需要注意的问题【观察与思考】1. 现在完成时的被动
6、语态有两个助动词，即 have has和been，两者缺一不可。2. 注意与一般过去时被动语态的区别。一般过去时的被动语态表示一个被动的动作发生在过去某个时候，其结果对现在没有影响；而现在完成时被动语态的动作或状态尽管发生在过去，但侧重说明该动作或状态对现在造成的影响和结果。例如：The house was built last year这房子是去年建造的。The house has been built这房子已经建好了。3. 由finish，buy，start，begin，post，return，borrow， join，marry，open等词构成的现在完成时的被动语态不能与表示一段时间的
7、状语如for four days，how long等连用，而要改换动词或时态。例如：译：这本书买了多久了？误：How long has this book been bought？正：How long ago was this book bought？但这类动词的否定式可表示动作的持续过程，具有延续性，因而可与since或for引导的时间段连用。例如：No books have been bought since last week自上周以来，没有人来买过书。4. 短语动词是一个不可分割的整体，在被动结构中要保持完整性，不可省略短语动词中的介词或副词。例如：The orphan has bee
8、n well looked after这位孤儿一直受到很好的照顾。【小试牛刀】根据上述知识，请完成513题正误辨析7）能量饮料不允许在澳大利亚制造但是可以从新西兰引进。误：Energy drinks are not allowed to be making in Australia but are bought in from New Zealand.正: 8）自去年以来，我们的家乡发生了翻天覆地的变化。误： Great changes have been taken place in our hometown since last year.正： 9）去年，那所学校超过十二名学生被保送出国留
9、学。误：More than a dozen students in that school sent abroad to study medicine last year. 正： 10）这把椅子做上去很舒服。误：The chair is very comfortable to be sat on.正： 11）我十年买的那辆车的确需要修理了。误：The old car I bought ten years ago really needs repair.正： 12）这件衣服的料子非常柔软。误：The material of the clothes is felt very soft.正： 13）
10、这个小女孩无法忍受批评。误：The little girl cant stand criticizing.正： 14）这些玩具很受孩子们的欢迎，并且销路很好。误：The new toys are very popular with children, and they are sold well.正： 15）据说早期欧洲的扑克牌是为娱乐和教育的目的而设计的。误：It is said that European cards have designed for entertainment and education.正： 自我检测单项选择1. Paper money _ for over a th
11、ousand years. A. used B. has been used C. has used D. is using 2. We want to sit at the table near the window. Im sorry，but it _ already. A. has taken B. took C. was taken D. has been taken 3. _the letter _to Mr. Black?No. Its still on the desk.A. Has; given B. Will; be given C. Was; given D. Has; b
12、een given4. How long _ at this job?Since 1990.A. were you employed B. have you been employedC. had you been employed D. will you be employed5. The reason for all the changes being made _ to us yet.A. as not explained B. has not been explained C. didnt explain D. were not explained6. Great changes _ in my hometown and a lot of factories_. A. have been taken place；are being set up B. have taken place；have been set up C. are taken place；had been set up D. had taken place；will be set up
