1、Unit 1Great scientists单词拼写应用核心单词1defeat vt.打败；战胜；使受挫 n失败2expert adj.熟练的；经验或知识丰富的n专家；行家3attend vt.照顾；护理；出席；参加4absorb vt.吸收；吸引；使专心5blame vt.责备；谴责n过失；责备6link vt.& n连接；联系7positive adj.积极的；肯定的；确实的8enthusiastic adj.热情的；热心的9foresee vt.预见；预知10handle n柄；把手vt.处理；操纵11cure n治愈；痊愈vt.治愈；治疗12suspect vt.认为；怀疑n被怀疑者；
2、嫌疑犯语境运用用所给词的适当形式填空。1Absorbed(absorb) in painting，John didnt notice evening approaching.2Not knowing what was wrong with his car，Martin decided to send for an experienced man to handle(handle) the problem.3Blamed (blame) for the breakdown of the school computer network，Alice was in low spirits.4Our f
3、ootball team won the championship by defeating(defeat) all the other teams.5When linked (link) to the subway，the city will be easy to get access to.6Suspecting (suspect) the traveler of carrying drugs，the Customs official stopped him and let him open his suitcase，but found nothing at all.7Few analys
4、ts foresaw ( foresee) that oil prices would rise so quickly.8Knowing that you show great interest in Chinese culture，Id like to invite you to attend( attend)the exhibition with me.拓展单词1challenge n挑战vt.向挑战challenging adj.挑战性的2cautious adj.小心的；谨慎的caution n小心；警告3pollute vt.污染；弄脏pollution n污染4instruct v
5、t.命令；指示；教导instruction n说明；传授instructions (pl.)用法说明；指示；命令5conclude vt.& vi.结束；推断出conclusion n结论；结束6contribute vt.& vi.捐献；贡献；捐助contribution n贡献7reject vt.拒绝；不接受；抛弃rejection n拒绝；抛弃8science n科学scientific adj.科学的scientist n科学家9announce vt.宣布；通告announcement n通知；宣告announcer n播音员；宣告者10construct vt.建设；修建cons
6、truction n建设；建筑物11responsible adj.有责任的；负责的responsibility n责任；负责12paint v绘画；涂painter n画家；油漆匠painting n油画；水彩画13universe n宇宙；世界universal adj.普遍的；宇宙的universally adv.普遍地语境运用用所给词的适当形式填空。1The doctor instructed the patient to take medicine by the instructions.(instruct)2The workers are constructing the brid
7、ge damaged by the flood，and the bridge under construction connects the road with the town.(construct)3It was concluded that he didnt tell us the truth.I came to the conclusion that he was lying.(conclude)4She has contributed a lot of money to the school and she has made a great contribution to educa
8、tion.(contribute)5I want to be a scientist to discover a scientific breakthrough to save peoples lives.(science)6Well be responsible for your safety and you need to take responsibility for your actions.(responsible)7I was bored with my job and felt I needed a new challenge.Last week I got a new job
9、in a big firm，and I found it very challenging.( challenge)阅读词汇1characteristic n特征；特性2analyse vt.分析3physician n医生；内科医师4victim n受害者5enquiry n询问6neighbourhood n附近；邻近7pump n泵；抽水机vt.(用泵)抽(水)8firework n烟火(燃放)9chart n图表10backward adv.& adj.向后地(的)；相反地(的)；退步地(的)11radium n镭12outbreak n爆发；发作(尤指疾病或战争)拓展联想1.后缀si
10、on构成的抽象名词集锦conclusion结论；结束confusion 混乱expression 词语；表达方式revision 修正；复习permission 允许profession 职业；专业2.“观点；态度”的高频形容词positive积极的negative 消极的subjective 主观的objective 客观的doubtful 怀疑的critical 批评的3.名词用作动词的高频词汇聚焦handle n把手vt.处理nurse n护士vt.护理face n脸vt.面对bridge n桥vt.沟通drink n饮料vt.喝；饮bike n自行车vi.骑自行车熟词生义你知道下面句子
11、中黑体词的汉语意思吗？1(2018全国卷)His office is located at the Xiangshan campus of the university in Hangzhou，Zhejiang Province.Many buildings on the campus are his original creations. 作品；创作2(2018全国卷)On every single move you have to analyze a situation，process what your opponent is doing and evaluate the best mo
12、ve from among all your options.(棋子的)移动；走棋3(2016全国卷)His constructions filled a shelf in the art classroom and a good part of his bedroom at home. 制成物；作品短语多维应用高频短语1put forward 提出2draw a conclusion 得出结论3expose .to 使显露；暴露4link.to. 将和联系或连接起来5apart from 除之外；此外语境运用选用上边短语的适当形式填空。From some cases，we drew a co
13、nclusion that we should close the window and lock the door in time.Apart from it，we also put forward several suggestions，one of which was that you should not expose this information to anyone when out.These suggestions would certainly cure us of the bad habits so that we could prevent such cases hap
14、pening again.6be enthusiastic about 热衷于；对充满热情7make sense 讲得通；有意义8(be) strict with. 对严格的9contribute to 有助于；捐献；导致10be to blame 应受责备11look into 调查语境运用选用上边短语的适当形式填空。As an astronomer，I am enthusiastic about your new theory about the solar system.The following reason contributed to my suggestion.The prese
15、nt theory doesnt make sense，for we cannot conclude it that the earth is the centre of the universe.So I sincerely hope you can publish your new theory.拓展联想1.“动词.to”短语荟萃expose .to使显露；暴露add .to 增添；增加compare .to 把比作devote .to 把用于supply .to 为提供2由link .to .联想到的connect .with .把和连接起来tie .to .把拴到mix .with .
16、把和混合起来combine .with .把和结合起来attach .to .把系到/缚到句式结构仿写教材原句背诵句式仿写应用1.neither.nor.既不也不。Neither its cause nor its cure was understood.这种现象既不是很好也不是很差；它就是现实中的大学生活。This phenomenon is neither good nor bad；it is a fact of college life.2.every time引导时间状语从句。So many thousands of terrified people died every time t
17、here was an outbreak.每当我听到这首歌，它就使我想起与祖母在一起的幸福时光。Every time I hear the song，it makes me think of the happy days when I was with Granny.3.suggest后跟从句用虚拟语气。To prevent this from happening again，John Snow suggested that the source of all the water supplies be examined.(2016全国卷)一些同学建议我们去附近的名胜古迹。Some class
18、mates suggest we should go to places of interest nearby.4.only状语从句位于句首时主句须倒装。Only if you put the sun there did the movements of the other planets in the sky make sense.只有当你找到内心的安宁的时候，你才会与他人保持良好的关系。Only when you can find peace in your heart will you keep good relationships with others.精讲5个考纲单词1conclu
19、de vt.& vi.推断出；结束；达成(1)单句语法填空He concluded from their remarks that they were not in favour of the plan.Ive come to the conclusion(conclude) that hes not the right person for the job.In conclusion, walking is a cheap, safe, enjoyable and readily available form of exercise.(2)链接写作一句多译我从我自己的经历中得出结论：患难见真
20、情。I drew the conclusion from my own experiences that a friend in need is a friend indeed.(conclusion)I concluded from my own experiences that a friend in need is a friend indeed.(conclude)先理解再牢记 (1)conclude(从中)推断出conclude sth. 以结束to conclude 最后(2)come to/reach/draw a conclusion 得出结论in conclusion 总而言
21、之佳句背诵He concluded his speech with a famous saying：Where there is a will，there is a way.2.attend vt.出席；参加；照顾；护理 vi.专心；留意(1)单句语法填空When I got there，he was attending(attend) a wedding party.As a daughter, I feel it is my duty to attend on my sick mother.As far as I know, the patients are well attended (
22、attend) in the hospital.(2)链接写作一句多译因为我有重要的事情要处理，今晚我不能与你一起外出。I cant go out with you tonight because I have an important thing to deal with.I cant go out with you tonight because I have an urgent thing to attend to.先理解再牢记 (1)attend a meeting/a lecture/a wedding/class参加会议/听讲座/参加婚礼/上课(2)attend (on/upon)
23、 sb. 伺候某人； 照顾某人attend to 处理；倾听；专心于；照顾联想发散“照顾某人”表达荟萃：attend (on) sb.；look after sb.；take care of sb.；watch over sb.。3.expose vt.暴露；揭露；使曝光；使面临(1)单句语法填空Some people think we shouldnt expose the children to playing (play) computer games.Being exposed (expose) to strong sunlight will do harm to your skin.
24、(2)链接写作句式升级(普通表达)Children are exposed to difficult situations.They are better at handling challenging situations.(高级表达)Exposed to difficult situations，children are better at handling challenging situations. (分词作状语)先理解再牢记 (1)expose.to使接触，使体验be exposed to 暴露于；处于危险中(2)expose sth.to sb. 向某人揭发某事名师点津及物动词e
25、xpose后若无宾语，则常常使用它的被动形式；在expose .to .以及be exposed to结构中，to为介词，其后要用名词、代词或动名词作宾语。4.absorb vt.吸收；吸引；使专心；吞并；理解；掌握(1)写出下列句中absorb的含义Most little shops have been absorbed into big businesses due to the influence of the global financial crisis.吞并After absorbing enough water，the plants grow well.吸收I keep the
26、lesson simple because the students cant absorb that much.理解(2)链接写作句式升级(普通表达)Tom was so absorbed in his work that he forgot to inform her of it.(高级表达)So absorbed was Tom in his work that he forgot to inform her of it.(用so.that.的倒装句)(高级表达)Absorbed in his work，Tom forgot to inform her of it.(分词作状语)先理解再
27、牢记 (1)absorb ones attention吸引某人的注意absorb.into.把吸收进(2)absorbed adj.全神贯注的(be)absorbed in.全神贯注于联想发散be absorbed in (doing) sth.结构在句中作状语、定语时，常用其过去分词形式absorbed in.。类似的结构还有：be lost in.陷入；专心致志于be caught in.被困在be buried in.埋头于be devoted to.致力于；专心于be occupied in.忙于be involved in.专注于5.blame vt.责备；谴责；把归咎于 n过失；责
28、备(1)单句语法填空She blamed her husband for the failure of their marriage.She blamed the failure of their marriage on her husband.(2)链接写作一句多译诚实地说， 李华应该为这次冲突负责。To be honest, Li Hua is to blame for the conflict.(blame vi.)Honestly speaking, Li Hua should take the blame for the conflict.(blame n)先理解再牢记 (1)bla
29、me sb.for sth.因某事而责备某人blame sth.on sb. 把某事归咎于某人身上be to blame (for.) 应承担责任；该受责备(2)take/bear the blame for.be responsible for.对负责名师点津be to blame 不能用于被动语态，该短语主动语态表被动含义。诠释2个核心短语1put forward提出(建议)；推荐；将提前；将(钟表等)向前拨(1)写出下列句中put forward的含义The manager put forward a suggestion that we should have an assistant
30、. There is too much work to do.提出I think he is fit for the position；therefore, Ill put him forward as a candidate.推荐They have put forward the date of their wedding by one week.将提前(2)链接写作一句多译在会议上他提出了解决这个难题的一个好主意。He came up with a good idea to solve the difficult problem at the meeting.He put forward
31、a good idea to solve the difficult problem at the meeting.先理解再牢记 put aside储蓄；储存；留出；把放在一边put away 将收起，放回原处；积蓄put off 延期；推迟put up 举起；张贴；建立；提供食宿put up with容忍；忍受佳句背诵Encourage children to put aside some of their pocket money to buy Christmas presents.2.make sense有意义；有道理；讲得通(1)单句语法填空As far as Im concerned
32、，there is no sense in getting(get) upset about it now.In a sense, he is to blame for the accident.(2)链接写作词汇升级(普通表达)There are so many new words in the passage that I could hardly understand them at all.(高级表达)There are so many new words in the passage that I could hardly make sense of them at all.先理解再
33、牢记 (1)make sense of理解；明白make no sense 没道理；没意义(2)in a sense 在某一方面；就某种意义来说in no sense 决不(位于句首时用部分倒装)(3)there is no/little sense in doing sth.做某事没道理突破2个高考句型1(教材P2)Neither its cause nor its cure was understood.人们既不知道其起因，也不知道它的治疗方法。要点提炼neither.nor.既不也不。(1)单句语法填空I neither knew nor cared what had happened
34、to him.Not only John and Tom but also their sister, Mary, takes (take) great interest in the piano lessons now.Either you or one of your students is(be) to attend the meeting that is due tomorrow.(2)链接写作句式升级(普通表达)The teacher is not content with the result. The students are not content with the resul
35、t.(高级表达)Neither the teacher nor the students are content with the result.先理解再牢记 (1)neither.nor.既不也不，连接句中两个相同的句子成分。连接主语时，谓语动词遵循“就近一致”原则。(2)遵循“就近原则”的其他并列连词还有：either.or.不是就是；not only. but also.不仅而且；not.but.不是而是等。2.(教材P2)So many thousands of terrified people died every time there was an outbreak.每次暴发霍乱时
36、，都有大批惊恐的老百姓病死。要点提炼every time引导时间状语从句，表示“每当时”。(1)单句语法填空They rushed out the moment they heard the shout for help.On arriving(arrive) at the shore，the girl struggled up the cliff towards the light she had seen.(2)链接写作完成句子Every time he arrived home(每次他到家) at the end of the day，wed greet him at the door.
37、Next time you come to Beijing(下次你来北京)，be sure to let me know in advance.先理解再牢记 (1)名词词组作连词用而且能引导时间状语从句的还有： each time 每当时候next time下次时the序数词time 第次the瞬间名词(moment/minute/instant)一就(2)on/uponn./doing sth.一就.单句语法填空1We were shocked by the announcement (announce) that the amusement park would be closed.2We
38、 will have to adopt a more scientific (science) approach to preserving the traditional customs.3Mark is a cautious (caution) shopper who always does some careful research on the market before he buys something valuable.4Mary was rejected (reject) by the university she applied to last year.5Apart fro
39、m its low price, the advantage of this car lies in its good quality.6When he came back three hours later，they were still sitting on the sofa，absorbed(absorb) in conversation.7Because of the severe pollution(pollute)，the water in the river is too dirty to drink.8Children, when exposed(expose) to an E
40、nglishspeaking atmosphere, will pick up the language much more easily.9Finding a solution to this problem is one of the greatest challenges(challenge) faced by scientists today.10Generally speaking, parents like the teachers who are strict with their children.课文语法填空根据P23课文内容，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式
41、。John Snow was a famous doctor in London, who was so expert that he 1.attended(attend) Queen Victoria as her personal physician. But he was famous for 2.defeating(defeat)“King Cholera”Cholera was a deadly disease and neither its cause nor its cure 3.was understood(understand). John Snow wanted to fa
42、ce the challenge 4.and solve the problem. He suspected that people absorbed this disease into their bodies with their meals.So when another severe outbreak hit London, he began his enquiry. He found that many victims 5.linked(link) to the cholera outbreak were near the water pump, so he had the hand
43、le removed. Soon afterwards the disease slowed down. He drew 6.a conclusion that the polluted water was 7.to blame(blame)The water panies(company) were instructed not to expose people 9.to polluted water any more.10.Finally(final)“King Cholera” was defeated.读后续写阅读下面短文，根据所给情节进行续写，使之构成一个完整的故事。I was in
44、 sunny California.The past two months I had been sick，sleepless，forgetful，a little mad and a little sad.I had been busy reading and learning all I could about stopping smoking.I changed routines that led me to smoke again.I was trying my hardest to practice positive thinking until it would come natu
45、rally.Basically，I was making quitting smoking my job!I thought it took the first two months for what was in my head to get to my heart.I walked and walked and breathed in the beautiful air.I began to notice I could smell and taste again.My hair and skin looked better.everything was improving.The bes
46、t change I noticed was that I was beginning to feel “free” and I was loving it.My friend May came to Nashville to visit her daughters.When she arrived，she was sick with what we thought was a chest cold.In a matter of days，she had seen the doctors，had a diagnosis and was getting ready for the fight o
47、f her life.she had lung cancer.I sat with May and her daughters after their firstday treatment at the Sarah Cannon Cancer Center.They told me the worst part of the whole day was neither having to hurry up and wait to see doctor after doctor nor putting up with the chemo and radiation (放化疗)，but havin
48、g to answer the question，“Did you smoke and for how long” over and over again at each stop.Christmas fell and it was my first smokefree holiday in 37 years.I was engaged in shopping，planning，cooking，wrapping.However，the stress，the tiredness of overdoing，and the physical and mental exhaustion(疲劳) of
49、dealing with my quit exploded(爆发) on Christmas Day！I was going to my mothers house，which was about an hours ride away.I wanted to drive myself in my own car.Once in the car and driving down the street，I had this thought: I could smoke and nobody would know.I pulled off the exit and went through my p
50、urse looking for money.注意：1所续写短文的词数应为150左右；2至少使用5个短文中标有下划线的关键词语；3续写部分分为两段，每段的开头语已为你写好；4续写完成后，请用下划线标出你所使用的关键词语。Paragraph 1：All of a sudden，the nonsmoking slogans ran through my brain； Paragraph 2：Thanks to the quit，I am able to extend the confidence to other areas of my life. 【参考范文】Paragraph 1：All of
51、 a sudden，the nonsmoking slogans ran through my brain；the information in red ran through my brain; my own promise of quitting smoking ran through my head.I began to cry.I am crying now thinking about what I believe was a decisive moment in my quit.I am proud to have been strong in selfcontrol.It was
52、 determination that helped rid myself of the smoking habit.Paragraph 2：Thanks to the quit，I am able to extend the confidence to other areas of my life. This past year has been an experience of contrast，up and down，happy and sad，scared and brave，but in the end，I survived the most lifechanging year.It was frightening to change something that had been a part of my life for most of my life，but it was worth every uncomfortable moment!