1、江西景德镇市2016高考英语（二轮）阅读理解编练（4）及答案阅读理解。阅读下列短文, 从给的四个选项 (A、B、C和D) 中, 选出最佳选项。Contrary to popular belief，looking at someones face alone is not enough to tell us whether they are roaring in celebration or screaming in frustration，researchers claimed. While people may believe they have the ability to read ea
2、ch others faces，body language is the real clue that shows whether strong emotions someone is feeling are positive or negative.In a study，groups of participants were shown a series of facial expressions such as tennis players photographed just after winning or losing a point.In some cases the volunte
3、ers were able to see the players full body，but in others they were only shown either their face or their body with the other removed.Participants could clearly tell whether the players were winning or losing when they were shown the full picture or just the body，but their guesses were no better than
4、 chance when based on the face alone.Those who were allowed to see the full image were convinced they had made their judgment based on the players facial expressions even though results from the two other groups suggested otherwise.The researchers carried out a second study where participants were s
5、hown a wider range of faces showing emotions including joy，pleasure，victory，pain and defeat.Using photoediting software，the researchers attached the faces to bodies expressing the opposite emotion，and asked participants to act out the emotions they saw in the photos.The resulting poses were like the
6、 body poses in the photographs but not the facial expressions，demonstrating that people base their interpretation of strong emotions not on the face but the body.Dr Aviezer，who led the study，said，“These results show that when emotions become extremely intense，the difference between positive and nega
7、tive facial expressions becomes unclear. The results may help researchers understand how our body interacts during emotional situations. For example，individuals may fail to recognize facial expressions，but if they are trained to process important body language，their performance may significantly imp
8、rove.”【解题导语】最新的研究表明：通过观察别人的眼睛，人们并不能完全读懂他们的心情，但如果通过肢体语言，人体却能更好地了解。1People tend to believe that _Asomeones body language has an effect on their feelingsBreading someones face alone cannot tell their feelingsCsomeones body language is the only clue to their feelingsDsomeones feelings can be read by the
9、ir facial expressions答案D推理判断题。从第一段的Contrary to popular belief，looking at someones face alone is.可知，目前，人们普遍认为，看人们的面部表情就可以得知他们的心情。2What do we know about the first study?AThe participants were divided into four groups.BAll participants were given the same pictures to see.CIt proved that emotions influe
10、nce peoples body language.DParticipants could tell the players feelings when seeing the full picture.答案D细节理解题。从第四段的Participants could clearly tell whether the players were winning or losing when they were shown the full picture or just the body可知答案。3In the second study，the participants were asked to
11、 _Aexpress the opposite emotionBact out the emotions they sawCuse photoediting softwareDperform different roles答案B细节理解题。从倒数第三段的.asked participants to act out the emotions they saw in the photos可知，第二个研究中，参与者要求把所看到的表情演示出来。4What did Dr Aviezer think of the results of the study?ARidiculous. BUseless.CUn
12、realistic. DHelpful.答案D推理判断题。从最后一段的The results may help researchers understand how our body interacts during emotional situations可知，Dr Aviezer认为这些结果在某个方面对其它研究有一定的帮助。由 (2012湖南,B)改编Still seeking a destination for your weekend break?There are some places which are probably a mere walk away from your co
13、llege.Kings Art CentreA day at the Centre could mean a visit to an exhibition of the work of one of the most interesting contemporary artists on show anywhere.This weekend sees the opening of an exhibition of four local artists.You could attend a class teaching you how to learn from the masters or g
14、et more creative with paintfree of charge.The Centre also runs two life drawing classes for which there is a small fee.The Botanic GardenThe Garden has over 8,000 plant species;it holds the research and teaching collection of living plants for Cambridge University.The multi-branched Torch Aloe here
15、is impressive.The African plant produces red flowers above blue-green leaves,and is not one to miss.Get to the display house to see Dionaea muscipula,a plant more commonly known as the Venus Flytrap that feeds on insects and other small animals.The Garden is also a place for wildlife-enthusiasts.Loo
16、k for grass snakes in the lake.A snake called Hissing Sid is regularly seen lying in the heat of the warm sun.Byrons PoolMany stories surround Lord Byrons time as a student of Cambridge University.Arriving in 1805,he wrote a letter complaining that it was a place of “mess and drunkenness”.However,it
17、 seems as though Byron did manage to pass the time pleasantly enough.Im not just talking about the pet bear he kept in his rooms.He spent a great deal of time walking in the village.It is also said that on occasion Byron swam naked by moonlight in the lake,which is now known as Byrons Pool.A couple
18、of miles past Grantchester in the south Cambridgeshire countryside,the pool is surrounded by beautiful circular paths around the fields.The cries of invisible birds make the trip a lovely experience and on the way home you can drop into the village for afternoon tea.If you dont trust me,then perhaps
19、 youll take it from Virginia Woolfover a century after Byron,she reportedly took a trip to swim in the same pool.1.As mentioned in the passage,there is a small charge for .A.attending the masters class B.working with local artistsC.learning life drawing D.seeing an exhibition2.“Torch Aloe”and“Venus
20、Flytrap” are .A.common insectsB.impressive plantsC.rarely-seen snakesD.wildlife-enthusiasts3.We can infer from the passage that Byron seemed .A.to fear pet bears B.to like walkingC.to be a heavy drinkerD.to finish university in 18054.In the passage Byrons Pool is described as a lake .A.surrounded by
21、 fields B.owned by Lord ByronC.located in Grantchester D.discovered by Virginia Woolf5.What is the passage mainly about?()A.Some places for weekend break.B.A way to become creative in art.C.The colourful life in the countryside.D.Unknown stories of Cambridge University.语篇解读:本篇为应用文,为新闻广告类。本文对几个休闲的好去处
22、作了介绍。答案及剖析:1.C事实细节题。根据Kings Art Centre中的最后一句The Centre also runs two life drawing classes for which there is a small fee.可知选C项。2.B事实细节题。根据The Botanic Garden第二段中的The multi-branched Torch Aloe here is impressive.和第三段中的.a plant more commonly known as the Venus Flytrap 可知Torch Aloe和Venus Flytrap都令人印象很深刻
23、。3.B推理判断题。根据Byrons Pool第一段中的Byron did manage to pass the time pleasantly enough.He spent a great deal of time walking in the village.推出Byron似乎喜欢散步。4.A事实细节题。根据Byrons Pool第二段中的.in the lake.known as Byrons Pool.the pool is surrounded by beautiful circular paths around the fields.可知选A项。5.A主旨大意题。根据文章首段关键
24、词.weekend break.some places.和段意可知本文主要讲“周末的休闲场所”。阅读下列短文, 从给的四个选项 (A、B、C和D) 中, 选出最佳选项。(2013合肥市二模，E)Telling fewer lies benefits people physically and mentally. Anita Kelly, study author and professor of psychology at the University of Notre Dame, employed 110 adults for her study. She divided them into
25、 two groups and asked one group to stop lying for 10 weeks. Lies included big ones and tiny onesany false statementsbut participants were still allowed to leave out the truth, keep secrets and avoid questions they didnt want to answer, etc. The other group wasnt given any special instructions about
26、lying.It turns out that both groups reduced their lying, but those who were specifically told to tell the truth improved their health more. “We found that the participants could purposefully and dramatically reduce their everyday lies, and that in turn was associated with significantly improved heal
27、th，” said Kelly.When participants in the nolie group told three fewer white lies than they did in other weeks, they experienced, on average, fewer mentalhealth complaints and physical complaints. They were less likely to feel tense or sad and also experienced fewer sore throats and headaches. They a
28、lso reported that personal relationships improved. Additionally, participants found themselves honest about their daily accomplishments, and they stopped making up excuses for being late or failing to complete a task, for example.“Its certainly a worthy goal to have people be more honest and interac
29、t with others in a more honest way，” says psychologist Robert Feldman. “That would be beneficial, Im a little doubtful whether it makes us all healthier, but it may make us healthier in a psychological way.”文章大意：本文是一篇科研报告。研究了撒谎和健康之间的关系。12Which of the following is true according to the text?APeople w
30、ho tell lies are healthier than those who dont.BBeing honest can help cure sore throats and headaches.CNot all the participants were required to tell the truth.DParticipants involved are asked not to keep secrets.答案：C细节理解题。根据第一段倒数第一句“The other group wasnt given any special instructions about lying.”
31、可知，有一组的实验对象没有被要求讲实情，故答案C符合文义。13The participants of the two groups _.Atold as many lies as before Bwere almost equally healthyCtended to lie less about their activities Dexperienced tenser personal relationships答案：C细节理解题。根据第二段的第一句“It turns out that both groups reduced their lying.”可知，答案C符合文义。14From R
32、obert Feldman, we can learn that _.Awhite lies might make people have more complaintsBhonesty is likely to help people become mentally healthierCpeople should not be honest with others but with themselvesDtelling the truth can make people physically and mentally healthy答案：B推理判断题。根据文章最后一句“. but it ma
33、y make us healthier in a psychological way”可推知，答案B“诚实会让人们在精神上更健康”符合文义。15The text is mainly about _.Athe connection of honesty and healthBresearch on physical and mental healthCadvice about being an honest personDeffects of honesty on personal relationships答案：A主旨大意题。根据文章第一句“Telling fewer lies benefit
34、s people physically and mentally.”的开篇点题可知，本文主要讲的是诚实和健康之间的关系，故答案A符合文义。阅读下列短文, 从给的四个选项 (A、B、C和D) 中, 选出最佳选项。(2013南昌市二模，C)“Plants were expected to get larger with increased carbon dioxide in atmosphere, but changes in temperature, humidity and nutrient availability seem to trumped the benefits of increa
35、sed carbon dioxide，” said researchers from the National University of Singapore.45 percent of the species studied now reach smaller adult sizes than they did in the past. The researchers pointed out that warmer temperatures and changing habitats, caused by climate change, are possible reasons for sh
36、rinking creatures.“We do not yet know the mechanisms involved, or why some organism are getting smaller while others are unaffected，” the researchers said. “Until we understand more, we could be risking negative consequences that we cant yet quantify.”The change was big in coldblooded animals. Only
37、two decades of warmer temperatures were enough to make reptiles smaller. An increase of 1 degree centigrade caused nearly a 10 percent increase in metabolism (新陈代谢). Greater use of energy resulted in tiny tortoises and little lizards. Fish are smaller now too. Though overfishing has played a part in
38、 reducing numbers, experiments show that warmer temperatures also stop fish growth. There is a recent report on warmer temperatures negative effects on plankton, the base of the marine ecosystem.Warmblooded animals werent immune from the size change caused by climate change. Many birds are now small
39、er. Mammals have been miniaturized too. Soay sheep are thinner. Red deer are weaker. And polar bears are smaller, compared with historical records.This is not the first time this has happened in Earths history. 55 million years ago, a warming event similar to the current climate change caused bees,
40、spiders and ants to shrink by 50 to 75 percent over several thousand years. That event happened over a long time than the current climate change.The speed of modern climate change could mean organisms may not respond or adapt quickly enough, especially those with long generation times. So, it is lik
41、ely that more negative influences of climate change will be shown in future.文章大意：本文是一篇科普说明文。主要报道了一项新发现，研究人员发现了气候变暖会导致地球上许多生物个体变小的现象。16Which of the following would be the best title for the passage?AWhy do some species become smaller?BHow does temperature change in Earths history?CClimate change has
42、many negative effectsDSpecies become smaller as climate warms答案：D标题概括题。通读全文及第二段首句“45 percent of the species studied now reach smaller adult sizes than they did in the past.”可知，本文主要讲述了气候变暖会导致许多生物个体变小的现象，故D项正确。17The underlined word “trumped” in the first paragraph can be replaced by _.Abeen neglected
43、by Bhad strong influences thanCbeen weakened by Dbeen less than答案：B词义猜测题。根据本句中的but可知，画线词与其前面的内容“大气中二氧化碳的增加会使植物个体变大”是转折关系，并根据下文中气温、湿度、可利用的营养等条件对生物的影响可知，这些条件的改变似乎比二氧化碳浓度增加更有影响力。故B项正确。18Researchers from the National University of Singapore believe that _.Ahow climate change effects animals size has not
44、 been found clearlyBall the animals on the earth have become smallerCtoo many studies on animals size have been doneDpeople can avoid the negative effects of climate change答案：A细节理解题。文章第三段研究人员提到“We do not yet know the mechanisms involved”，其中the mechanisms指的是气候变暖影响了生物个体大小的机制，故A项正确。19What can we learn
45、from the passage?AClimate change has even affected plankton negatively.BBirds have suffered more from climate change than fish.CAnts, bees and spiders have been shrinking by 50% to 70% in the past decade.DA warming event causing species to become smaller has never happened before.答案：A细节理解题。根据第四段最后一句
46、“There is a recent report on warmer temperatures negative effects on plankton, the base of the marine ecosystem.”可知，气候变化已经对浮游生物产生了有害影响。故A项正确。20Whats the authors attitude toward climate change in the passage?AConcerned. BOptimistic. CIndifferent. DConfident.答案：A观点态度题。根据文章最后一句“So, it is likely that more negative influences of climate change will be shown in future.”可知，作者对气候变暖对生物的影响有些担忧。故A项Concerned(关心的)符合语境。
