1、M3U3 Word Study1、 civilization文明 Chinese civilization / lost civilizations civilized (adj)文明的;有礼貌civilize(v)使文明；教化；使开化2、lecture have a lecture / go to a lecture / attend a lecture 听讲座 give a lecture / deliver a lecture作讲座3、 found(v)兴建 创建-founded-founded 区别：find找到 发现-found-found found强调创建国家、政党、大学等。Wh
2、en was the PRC founded? 1)._in 1636, Harvard is one of the most famous universities in the United States .A. Being founded B. It was founded C. Founded D. Founding 2). Do you know when the Chinese Communist Party _?A is found B found C has been founded D was founded4、 Rome(n.)罗马 Roman(n.) 罗马人 (pl.)
3、Romans (adj.)罗马的 罗马人的When in Rome, do as the Romans do.入乡随俗Rome was not built in a day.罗马不是一天建成的；伟业非一日之功All roads lead to Rome.条条大路通罗马；行行出状元(以上三句谚语单选或者作文会用到，请牢记）5、take over接管 接任; 夺取 take in(1)吸收 容纳 (2)领会 理解 (3) 欺骗take off(1)脱下 (2) 起飞 (3) 成功 take on(1)呈现 (2)雇佣 (3)承担 take on a new look/take on the res
4、ponsibilitytake up(1)拿起 (2)开始从事 (3)占(空间 时间) （思考：make up )take place发生 take the place of=replace代替 take it easy 放轻松 take your time 别急,慢慢来 * It is certain that he will _ his business to his son when he gets old. A. take overB. think overC. hand overD. go over6、 pour (1)vt.倒 灌pour-into-把-倒进-/pour-out o
5、f-把-从-倒出来 (2)vi.涌流 倾泻pour in蜂拥而来 pour into-涌进- pour out (your thoughts, feelings, or experiences) 倾诉 pour into cities from the countryside从农村涌进大城市 The rain is pouring down the windows. 雨水顺着窗户往下流 Pour oil on the flames 火上浇油；使情况变得更糟7、unfortunate(adj.)不幸的 fortune(n.)财产 财富/运气 好运/命运 make a fortune发财 /try
6、 ones fortune碰运气 fortunate(adj.)幸运的 fortunately(adv.) unfortunate(adj.)不幸的 unfortunately(adv.)8、 decorate(vt.)装饰 装潢 装修 decoration (n) 装饰着-be decorated with- decorate the room with flowers用花来布置房间 -I hear the Smiths have moved into their new house. -Not yet .Their house_A.is being decorated B.is decor
7、ating C.is decorated D.have been decorated9、flee-fleeing-fled-fled(vt./vi.)逃避 逃跑 迅速离开 He fled(from) the burning house. / flee(from) the fire逃离火灾现场All hope had fled.10. destroy(v.) destruction(n) destructive (adj) *The heavy rain destroyed all hope of a picnic.大雨打破了野餐的一切希望。 区分： damage destroy ruindam
8、age意为“损坏、破坏”。它可用于表示损坏或破坏具体的物品，一般暗示损坏后价值或效益会降 低，这种损坏是部分性的，通常指损坏的程度不那么严重，还可以修复再用。也可用于表示 损坏抽象的东西,有时该词也用于借喻。如： The car was not damaged badly in the accident, but five people were seriously hurt Her heart was slightly damaged as a result of her long illnessdestroy意为“破坏；摧毁；消灭；毁灭”，通常指程度非常严重的“毁坏”，一般情况下不可以修复
9、再 用。另外，它既可表示毁坏具体的物品，也可表示毁坏抽象的东西。如： *The big fire destroyed the whole house 这场大火把整座房子都烧毁了。 *The Nazi wanted to destroy peoples hopes, but in the end what was destroyed was the Nazis dream by the power of people ruin 多用于借喻之中，有时泛指一般性的破坏，指把某物损坏到了不能再使用的程度。如： My new coat is ruined我的外套不能再穿了。 The rain will
10、ruin the crops这雨会把庄稼毁掉的。 I was ruined by that law case; Im a ruined man我被那场官司毁了，我破产了11. wealthy n. wealth财富 be wealthy in-盛产- 富有 be wealthy in resources资源丰富 12、remains(pl.)遗物 遗迹 遗骸- remain(v.) It remains to be done 有待于。 remaining(adj.) the remaining money= the money left 13.explode爆炸 explode with an
11、ger勃然大怒； explode with laughter哄然大笑 explosion(n)14、complain complain to sb about(of) sth. (n). complaint15、historical(adj.)历史的 与历史研究相关的 一部历史小说a historical novel/ historic(adj.)有历史意义的 有历史影响的 一部有历史意义的小说a historic novel* 11 November 1918 is a _day as it represents the end of World War I.A. historical B.
12、 historic C. history D. histories16、expression v. express (1)表达 表示 I sent them flowers as an expression of thanks. (2)表情 神色There was no expression on her face. a _(confuse) expression/look17、aircraft(n.)飞机 单复数相同18、declare declare+n. / decare+宾语+(to be)+宾补 /declare+(that)从句 declare war against(on)-对-
13、宣战/ declare the meeting open(closed)宣布会议开始(结束) declare 经常用于正式场合,指“ 严肃地宣告, 郑重地声明”19、 in memory of-以纪念- 为了纪念- memorial(n.)纪念碑 纪念馆(adj.)纪念的 Have a good/bad memory 记忆力好/差 bring back memories 回忆往事 Arouse ones memories 唤起某人的记忆 *April 21 was the national memorial day _ were killed in Yushu Earthquake on Ap
14、ril 14 2010. A in honor of any one who B in celebration of those who C in memory of those who D in charge of no matter who*In _ of the dead soldiers, a grand _ was built on the spot of the great campaign. A. memory; memoryB. memory; memorialC. memorial; memoryD.memorial; memorial20、no doubt无疑 确实 *Th
15、ere is no doubt about sth./There is no doubt that从句 I doubt whether if. * Do you doubt _ well see a film this afternoon? A. ifB. whether C. that D. about when21、march(n./vi.)(1)前进 行军(2)游行 the Long March长征 /march on-向-进军/ on the march在行进中 在发展中22、 ahead (1)表示时间或空间上的“在前”“朝前” set the clock ahead把钟拨快 (2)
16、提前 预先Pay ahead, and you will receive a discount./Youd better plan ahead. aheadoftime提前=ahead of schedule=in advance go ahead (1)表示同意或允许，意为“说吧”、“做吧”*Could I use your computer for a few moments, please? . Im not using it myself. A.Come onB.It dependsC.Go aheadD.Thats great23.court(1)法院 法庭(2)球场(3)宫廷 go
17、 to court打官司 take sb. to court起诉某人 in court在法庭上 出庭 out of court庭外24、aware意识到的 知道的 察觉到的 (1)become/be aware of- 意识到 明白 知道 察觉到 She was aware of being watched by a tall man. (2)be/become aware +that从句 I am aware that it is a tough job./Are you aware that he is a teacher? (3)n. awareness increase the awa
18、reness of- We must take measures to increase peoples awareness of protecting the environment.25、 poison(n.)毒药 (vt.)毒害 adj. poisonous kill oneself by taking poison服毒自杀26、judge(v.)审判 判决/裁判 裁决/判断 断定 (n.)法官/审判员/裁判员 We cant judge a person by(from) his appearance.我们不能以貌取人 Judging by(from) his accent, she
19、must be from the North.由。判断*_to be the first prize winner, the little girl was wild with joy. A. Judging B. Judged C. Judge D. To judge *_from his _ look, he enjoyed himself at the party. A.Judging ; excited B.Being judged; excited C.to judge; exciting D.Having been judged ; excitingM3U3 word一 词性变化1
20、.civilization _(adj) 2. found_(过去式) 3. volcano_(pl)4. unfortunate _(adv)_(反) 5. mud _(adj)6. decorate _(n) 7. flee_(p)_(ppt) 8. destroy_(n)9. wealth_(adj) 10. cultural_(n) 11. explode_(n)12. complain_(n) 13. wood_(adj) 14. historical_(n)15. express_(n) 16. power_(adj) 17. aircraft_(pl)18. carry_(n)
21、19. educate_(n)_(n) 20. glory_(adj)21. aware_(n) 22. poison_(adj)二 词组1. 古代文明_ 2. 出席演讲_ 3. 接管，夺取_ 4. 流入_ 5 流出，倾诉 _ 6. 用。装饰_7. 富含，在。丰富 _ 8. 有待于_ 9. 剩余的时间_ 10. 向某人抱怨某事_11. 。的解决方法_ 12. 向。宣战_ 13. 向某人宣布某事_ 14. 纪念_ 15. 无疑_ 16. 起义，反抗_ 17. 阻碍 _ 18. 提前 _19. 做吧，拿吧_ 20. 患病_21. 意识到某事_ 22. 增加。的意识_ 23. 以。为基础 _ 24.
22、 起诉某人_ 25. 由。判断_ 26. 自然灾难_三 单词拼写1. Oil has been founded in the _(商业的) center.2. The archaeologists are studying the r_ of ancient Rome.3. It was several minutes before I was a_ of what was happening.4. It is _(极度) important to record everything that happens.5. Only very w_ people could afford to tra
23、vel overseas.6. In the later Middle Ages, Prague was an important _ (文化的) center.7. The e_ on his face suggests that he is very angry.8. I was glad to find that all my classmates came to attend the graduation c_.9. It is generally accepted that the Chinese c_ is one of the oldest in the world.10.The
24、 time bomb _, but fortunately nobody was injured.11. They d_ the room with flowers and balloons.12. In memory of the soldiers who devoted their lives to their country a national m_ was built.13. Its hard to imagine how this quiet volcano d_ the whole city.14. The meeting is of great importance, but
25、u_, I am not able to attend it.四 动词填空：1. Mary Kiosk has a large family _ (feed).2. Your watch is always slow; it needs _ (repair).3. When the hunter dug the cave, he found a fox _ (hide) in it.4. Confusion (疑惑，困惑) should be prevented_ (make) your description clearly.5. Robert is said _ (study) abroa
26、d, but I dont know what country he studied in.6. Suzhou and Hangzhou _ (know) for silk.7. We _ (prevent) by heavy smog _ (see) anything.8. When the teacher spoke of a good student, he _ (refer) to Hallie.9. There are so many problems _ (remain, settle).10. His parents died, nothing _(remain). 11. _
27、(determine) to give up smoking, he threw away his _ (remain) cigarettes.12. _ (base) on the face, his view was reasonable.13. There are a number of students waiting to get _(examine).14.A boy with one of his front teeth _(miss) came into the classroom.15.My classmates _(have) a party this time tomor
28、row.16.It is the third time you _(invite) to attend your students parties.17.By the end of last week, four large bridges _(build) over the river.18.Id like to have the package _(weigh).19.Do you know the name of the song _(sing) by the singer?20.The hotel _(run) by Mr Wang is very successful.五句型转换:1
29、 Though thousands of years have passed, Confucius thought is still affecting Chinas culture and education. =Though thousands of years have passed, Confucius thought still has _ _ _ Chinas culture and education.2. People suggested that it should be quicker to travel by plane.It was _ _ it should be q
30、uicker to travel by plane.3. I dont know the answer to the question, neither does anybody else._ I _anybody else _ the answer to the question.4. It is believed that my boss had lived in New York for five years before he came to our company.My boss _ _ _ _ lived in New York for five years before he c
31、ame to our company.7. It was lucky for me to have been invited to join the important discussion.I _ _ to have been invited to join the important discussion.8. When she was asked about the test, she said the result hadnt come out._ _ about the test, she said the result hadnt come out.15 Near the city
32、 was a volcano called Vesuvius.Near the city was a volcano _ _ _ Vesuvius.六完成句子：1. 我们认为所有的事实都有待证明。We all think that the fact _ _ _ _.2. 很多人被活埋了，整个城市也一样。 All the people were_ _, and _ _ _ _.3. 尽管困难阻碍我们， 我们不会失去信心。_ difficulty is _ _ our _, we will not lose heart.4. .下周我们就前去楼兰-众所周知的沙漠中的中国庞贝。Next week w
33、ere going to Loulan, which is _ _ Chinas Pompeii in the desert.七单选1.It_that after the ash covered the people who failed to flee the city, their bodies nearly completely_and disappeared, _empty spaces in the ash.A.turns out; broke down; leavingB.is turned out;was broken out;leavingC.turns down;broke
34、up;left D.turns up; broke down;left2. Would you like me to _ the driving for a while?A. take in B. take on C. take over D. take off3.The desert was once a green land with huge trees, but they were cut down, _ resulted in the city_by sand-what a pity!A.that; being buriedB.which;was buried C.which; be
35、ing buriedD.this; buried4._it turns out, they did not know what a volcano was.A.WhatB.ItC.ThatD.As5._ his accent, he comes from Hunan.A. Judging from B. Judged from C. Judge from D. To judge from6.However, they could not get away fast enough, so they were buried _the ash.A.underB.followingC.belowD.b
36、eneath7. IfTimcarriesonworkinglikethis,hewill_soonerorlater. A.breakdownB.breakinC.breakupD.breakout8.That it keeps raining cats and dogs _ the tourists.A.worryingB.worriesC.have worriedD.has worried9.A surprise attack was_ at Pearl Harbor by the Japanese in 1941, which led to the US_ the Second Wor
37、ld War.A. happened; enterB. carried out; entering C. occurred; entering D. taken place; enter10.The next day, US President Franklin Roosevelt _ war against Japan.A. indicatedB. admittedC. announcedD. declared11.Sometimes the best way _these events and changes is _the people who played key roles in h
38、istory.A. to understand; to look atB. to understanding; looked atC. of being understood; to looking atD. of understanding; look at12.However, many cities rose up against Alexander, so he led an army _them back.A.to takingB.to takeC. to bringD. to bringing13.When_how a statue from distant Greece coul
39、d have appeared in China, researchers explained that no doubt this was a result of Alexander the Greats influence.A.to be askedB.askingC. askedD. being asked14.Alexander the Great_the Greek culture from Europe to Africa and Asia, _the world for centuries_.A. spreaded; influencing; to comeB. spread;
40、influenced; comingC. spread; influenced; would comeD. spread; influencing; to come15.There is no doubt _ the price of oil will be cut down.A. which B. that C. what D. why16._he never wrote a book, we also know very little about his philosophy.A.Because ofB.As a result ofC.SinceD.Due to17.Socrates ta
41、ught by asking questions, _, he challenged his students to develop and explain their own arguments.A.by thisB.through thisC.by whichD.through which18.The idea of asking questions until you reach the right answers_the _of modern philosophy and science.A.is;baseB.are;baseC.is;basisD.are;basis19.He alw
42、ays asked challenging questions to everyone he met, _ many people in Athens.A.only to upsetB.so that to upset C.upsettingD.and upsetting20.Finally he was put to death by_to drink poison, through_death, Soarates became the hero of all people who search for the truth.A.being forced; whoseB.forcing;his
43、 C.being forced;hisD.forcing;whose21.Even the best writers find themselves _ for words.A. lose B. lost C. to lose D. having lost22. All people from Britain are excited at the Olympic Games _ in London next month.A. to hold B. being held C. holding D. to be held23. A memorial was set up _ the hero wh
44、o lost his life saving a boy from the burning building.A. in celebration of B. in favor of C. in memory of D. in need of24. Whichever teamwinsonSaturdaywill_tothenationalchampionships.A. look through B. go through C. break through D. live through25. The final score of the basketball match was 93-94.
45、 We were only _ beaten.A. nearly B. slightly C. narrowly D. lightly八、完成句子 1.很多人都被活活埋在底下，这个城市也是一样。Many people were _ _ , and _ _ the city.2.原来，火山灰覆盖了没能逃离城市的人，他们的身体几乎全部烧化消失了，只在火山灰中留下一些空隙。It _ _ _ after the ash covered the people who failed to flee the city, their bodies nearly completely _ _ and disap
46、peared, leaving empty spaces in the ash.3.今天我见到了罗马古城庞贝，它就跟两千年前一模一样。Today I saw the ancient Roman city of Pompeii _ _ _ 2,000 years ago.4.人们相信它是在公元200年至400年间渐渐被沙尘暴掩盖的。_ _ _ _have been gradually covered over by sandstorms from AD 200 to AD400.5.当被问及这个来自遥远的希腊雕像如何出现在中国时，研究者解释说毫无疑问这是亚历山大大帝的影响所致。_ _ how a
47、 statue from distant Greece _ _ _ in China, researchers explained that _ _ this was a result of Alexander the Greats influence.6.公元前334年，他率领当时已达4万2千人的军队进入中东，接着是埃及，兵锋所致，所向披靡。 In 334BC, he took his army, now with 42,000 men, into the Middle East and then Egypt, defeating every army that _ _ _ _.7.然后他又
48、将目光转向东方，长驱直入印度，所到之处，攻无不克，战无不胜。Then he turned his eyes east, and _ _ _ _ _ India, _ victory _ _ _. 8.哲学可被认为是观察我们周围世界的一种方式，或是解答人生重大问题的一种方式。Philosophy can _ _ _ _ a way of looking at the world around us, or of answering the great questions of life.9.最后，一些人对他忍无可忍，于是便把他送上了法庭，罪名是质疑希腊众神的存在和腐蚀雅典的年轻人。Finally
49、, some people had _ _ _ him, so they _ _ _ _ for questioning _ _ _ the Greek gods and for corrrupting the young people of Athens.10.亚历山大大帝将希腊文化从欧洲传播到非洲和亚洲，在此后的数个世纪中影响了整个世界。 Alexander the Great _ the Greek culture _ Europe _Africa and Asia, _ the world for centuries _ _.九、语法训练 1. Listening to loud mu
50、sic at rock concerts caused hearing loss in some teenagers. A. is B. are C. has D. have2. Barbara is easy to recognize as shes the only one of the women who_evening dress.A.wear B.wears C.has worn D.have worn3.The factory used 65 percent of the raw materials, the rest of which _ saved for other purp
51、oses.A. is B. are C. was D. were 4.The teacher together with the students _ discussing Reading Skills that _ newly published in America. A. are; were B. is; were C. are; was D. is; was 5.Books of this kind _ well.A. sell B. sells C. are sold D. is sold6.Every possible means _ to prevent the air poll
52、ution, but the sky is still not clear.A. is used B. are used C. has been used D. have been used7.The number of people invited _ fifty, but a number of them _ absent for different reasons.A. were, was B. was, was C. was, were D. were, were8.Twelve years _ a precious period of time for the youth who _
53、 likely to learn a lot at school.A. are, is B. is, is C. is, are D. are, are9. _your brother or you to blame for the broken TV set?A.Be B.Are C Is D Were10. More than one high official_ by the police since the mayor was shot dead.A.has been questioned B. have been questioned C. was questioned D. wer
54、e questioned11. What you said_ quite to the point but what we need_ experienced technical workers.A. is;are B. is;is C.are;are D.are;is12.一Cydia，what did you hear our teacher said just now?一Every boy and every girl as well as the teachers who_ to lead the group_ asked to be at the school gate before
55、 6：30 in the morningA.is;is B. are;ate C.are;is D. is;are13.Thoughhehadoftenmadehislittlesister_,todayhewasmade_byhislittlesister. A. cry;tocry B.crying;crying C.cry;cry D.tocry;cry 14.Theboywantedtoridehisbicycleinthestreet,buthismothertoldhim_. A. nottoB.nottodoC.notdoD.donotto15.Couldyoushowmethe
56、mobilephoneyoudlike_? A.tohaverepaired B.repairingit C.havingitrepaired D.torepairit16.Youwillseethisproduct_whereveryougo. A. tobeadvertisedB.advertisedC.advertiseD.advertising 17.WhenIcaughthim_meIstoppedbuyingthingsthereandstarteddealingwithanothershop. A. cheatingB.cheat C.tocheatD.tobecheating
57、18._productionupby60%,thecompanyhashadanotherexcellentyear. A.As B.For C.With D.Through19.Icanmakeyou_whatIsay,butyoucantmakeyourself_inEnglish. A.understand;understand B.understand,understood Ctounderstand,understand D.understand;tobeunderstood 20.Johnrushedoutinahurry,_thedoor_. A.leaving;unlocked B.leaving;unlocking C.left;unlocked D.toleave;unlocking
