1、题型组合训练十六（A）阅读理解阅读下列短文,从每题所给的A、B、C和D四个选项中,选出最佳选项。A(2018辽宁大连一模)MoonshakerG.V. ChillingsworthSoftcover9781466906358Price:$14.50Pages:186www. trafford. comWhen space plans to harm the world, scientists develop a satellite to save it. However, not everyone wishes for change, and conflicts lead to a new f
2、ight. The crew must now work together in order to get back.The War Around UsWolfgang Peter MaySoftcover9781426921452Price:$25.99Pages:460As a young child, Wolfgang Peter May fled from his home and saw the destruction of Dresden. He eventually joined the US Army. In The War Around Us, May explores an
3、d debates many faces of war and delivers a hard-hitting, first-person look at the true face of war.The Old Man and the SeaErnest HemingwayHardcover9780684830490Price:$14.99Pages:132The Old Man and the Sea is a novel written by Ernest Hemingway in 1951. It won him the Nobel Prize for Literature and t
4、ells the story of Santiago, an aged Cuban fisherman who struggles with a giant fish far out in the Gulf Stream off the coast of Cuba. Although the book is only two hours worth of reading, this delightful tale will remain in your memory for years to come.Little WomenLouisa May AlcottSoftcover97805532
5、12754Price:$29.99Pages:560Little Women is a novel by American author Louisa May Alcott, which was originally published in two volumes in 1868 and 1869. Alcott wrote the books over several months at the request of her publisher. Following the lives of the four March sistersMeg, Jo, Beth and Amythe no
6、vel details their passage from childhood to womanhood and is loosely based on the author and her three sisters.Order these books online and you can get a 20% discount.1.If you are interested in science fiction, which book will you choose to read? A.Moonshaker. B.The War Around Us.C.The Old Man and t
7、he Sea.D.Little Women.2.How much does it cost to order The War Around Us online?A.$14.99.B.$25.99.C.$20.79.D.$23.79.3.Whose book tells a story set in Cuba?A.Ernest Hemingways.B.Wolfgang Peter Mays.C.G.V. Chillingsworths.D.Louisa May Alcotts.答案语篇解读本文为一则广告,介绍了四本在售书籍。1.A细节理解题。根据第一本书的介绍可知,这是一本科幻小说。由此判断对
8、科幻小说感兴趣的人会选择这本书。2.C细节理解题。第二本书The War Around Us的定价为25.99美元,但是文章最后提到如果网购的话会有20%的折扣,由此可知C项正确。3.A细节理解题。根据第三本书的介绍中an aged Cuban fisherman和off the coast of Cuba可知书中的故事发生在古巴,故A项正确。B(2018广东深圳一次调研)The arm bones of women who lived 7,000 years ago show a surprising level of strengtheven higher than todays prof
9、essional athletes. Thats according to a first-ever study comparing prehistoric(史前的)bones to those of living people. The finding suggests a revision of historythe everyday lives of prehistoric women were filled with hard labor, rather than just sitting at home doing lighter tasks while the men strugg
10、led and fought for life.“Before the study, there are no clear records describing how our ancient ancestors lived. It can be easy to forget that the bone is living tissue, one that responds to the difficulties we put our bodies through,” said the lead author Alison Macintosh. “Physical force and musc
11、le activity both put pressure on the bone. The bone reacts by changing in shape, thickness and other aspects over time.”“Previous studies only compared female bones to contemporary male bones,” the researchers said, “and thats a problem, because the response of male bones to stress and change is muc
12、h bigger than that of women. For instance, as humans moved from a hunter-gatherer lifestyle to a more settled agrarian(耕地的)one, changes could be observed in the structure of the shinbone(胫骨)and these changes were much more evident in men.”However, a comparison of the bones of prehistoric women and t
13、he bones of living female athletes can help us work out a more accurate picture of what those prehistoric women were doing. “By analyzing the bones of living people and comparing them to the ancient bones, we can start to explain the kinds of labor our ancestors were performing,” Macintosh said. Wha
14、t they found was that womens leg strength hasnt changed a great deal, but their arms used to be very powerful. Prehistoric women, the researchers found, had arm strength 11%16% stronger than those of modern rowers, and 30% stronger than those of non-athletes.4.What does the study tell about prehisto
15、ric women?A.They were stronger than men.B.They had lighter bones than men.C.They did tough tasks as the men.D.They spent most time staying at home.5.What problem did previous studies on prehistoric bones have?A.They lacked enough comparison.B.They only studied mens bones.C.They focused little on bon
16、es.D.They ignored the lifestyles.6.What does the underlined word “that” in Paragraph 3 refer to?A.Bones structure.B.Bones thickness.C.Bones response to stress.D.Bones stress from hard labor.7.What can we learn from the last paragraph?A.Its still hard to explain our ancestors lifestyle.B.Prehistoric
17、women went through much suffering.C.Womens arms have become much stronger over time.D.Prehistoric women are stronger than contemporary females.答案语篇解读本文为说明文。研究表明:7000年前女性的臂力比现在专业运动员的都要强。4.C事实细节题。本题题干意为:关于史前女性,该研究讲述了什么?根据第一段中的The finding suggests a revision of historythe everyday lives of prehistoric
18、women were filled with hard labor, rather than just sitting at home doing lighter tasks while the men struggled and fought for life.可知,史前女性的日常生活充满了重体力劳动,而不是当男性为生活拼搏时,她们只是坐在家里做一些轻松的工作。故答案为C项。5.A推理判断题。本题题干意为:以前对史前骨骼的研究有什么问题?根据第三段第一句“Previous studies only compared female bones to contemporary male bone
19、s,” the researchers said,“and thats a problem, because the response of male bones to stress and change is much bigger than that of women.”(研究者们说:“以前的研究只将女性的骨骼与同时代男性骨骼进行比较,那是有问题的,因为男性骨骼对压力及变化的反应要比女性的更明显”)可推知,以前的研究缺乏充分的对比,故答案为A项。6.C猜测词义题。本题题干意为:第三段中画线词“that”指的是什么?that代替前面的the response以避免重复,故答案为C项。7.D事
20、实细节题。本题题干意为:从最后一段中我们可以了解什么?根据最后一段中最后一句Prehistoric women, the researchers found, had arm strength 11%16% stronger than those of modern rowers, and 30% stronger than those of non-athletes.(研究人员发现:史前女性的臂力比现在那些划船者的要强壮11%16%,比那些非运动员的要强壮30%。)可知,史前女性要比当今女性更强壮,故答案为D项。C(2018湖南张家界三模)Sometimes we experience pa
21、in that seems just too big to feel, too frightening to faceit looks like a tsunami. So, we run. My tsunami came when I was nine years old.I was woken up by my mothers screams“Bob?Bob?Bob!”I ran to my parents bedroom. My father was on all fours, unconscious. My mother was crazydesperately trying to f
22、igure out how to stop what was happening. I ran to the phone911, the neighbors, anyone“Help us!”Soon rescue came, but my father didnt come back to life.When my friends came to comfort me, I remembered“pulling myself together”as I walked toward them, determining to show them that I was fine.The more
23、I denied my pain, the more I was praised by the adults around me“Oh, look how strong he is!” So, I kept saying“Im fine”over and over. I said it enoughperformed it enoughthat I even fooled myself. I believed that I was okay.But pain doesnt just “go away”that whole “time heals” thing is a total crock.
24、 30 years after my father died, when I looked around for an explanation for all the years of destructive behavior, I couldnt find the root of the pain in my life because I had covered it up so well. All the“Im fine”30 years of themburied the pain of that nine-year-old boy.My pain had been trying to
25、come out, to be heard, to be healed.And, finally, it was.After years of treatment, I found my way back to that night where the pain started, back to the tsunami. This time, I didnt run. It hurtit still hurtsbut now, when it hurts, I let the pain come. Im not scared to say,“Im not fine”because I know
26、, eventually, I will be.8.What did the author do when his father was in danger?A.He ran out to look for rescue.B.He kept calm and asked for help.C.He offered first aid to him at once.D.He was too afraid to do anything.9.Which of the following can best replace the underlined word“crock”in Paragraph 5
27、?A.Fact. B.Theory.C.Experiment.D.Lie.10.Why was the author praised?A.He behaved politely.B.He seemed to be confident.C.He could look after himself.D.He could handle the blow properly.11.What lesson can we get from the authors experience?A.Hiding our pain can be harmful.B.Expressing pain is not very
28、easy.C.Being strong means hiding ones pain.D.Children are good at covering up their pain.答案语篇解读本文为记叙文。作者的父亲去世后,他把痛苦压在心底,但多年后这种隐藏的痛苦给自己带来了负面影响。最终他的痛苦得到了宣泄。8.B事实细节题。本题题干意为:当作者的父亲身处危险时,作者做了什么?根据第二段中的I ran to the phone911,the neighbors, anyone“Help us!”可知:作者保持冷静并向别人寻求帮助。故答案为B项。A:他跑出去寻求救援;C:他立即对他实施急救;D:他
29、吓得什么都做不了。9.D猜测词义题。本题题干意为:第五段中的画线词“crock”最适合用下列哪个词替换?根据上下文可知:作者内心的痛苦并没有随着时间的流逝被治愈,由此可知画线词所在句子的意思是:,“时间可以治愈一切”这种说法是彻头彻尾的谎言。故答案为D项(谎言)。10.D推理判断题。本题题干意为:作者为什么得到表扬?根据第四段首句(我越不承认我的痛苦,我周围的成年人越表扬我)可知:作者之所以受到表扬是因为他能很好地处理自己所遭受的打击,故答案为D项。A:他举止礼貌;B:他似乎很有信心;C:他能照顾自己。11.A推理判断题。本题题干意为:从作者的经历中我们可以吸取什么教训?文章介绍了作者在父亲去
30、世的打击下,掩饰自己的痛苦,假装坚强,后来意识到自己隐藏在心底的痛苦是造成生活中很多不幸的根源,换句话说,压抑自己的痛苦是有害的。故答案为A项(隐藏我们的痛苦是有害的)。B:表达痛苦不是很容易;C:坚强意味着隐藏自己的痛苦;D:孩子们擅长隐藏痛苦。D(2018四川乐山高三二调)Lack of inexpensive, reliable energy delivery is one of the chief barriers to growth and development in sub-Saharan Africa. Nearly seventy percent of people livi
31、ng in the region lack access to electricity, forcing them to spend significant amounts of their income on costly and unhealthy forms of energy such as diesel(柴油)fuel to run generators and kerosene(煤油)for lanterns.But if there is one thing Africa is not lacking, it is sunshine. And that means a lot;i
32、ndeed, for some of the worlds poorest people, it makes all the difference in the world.A little more than a year ago, Power Africaa U.S. Government initiative(倡议)coordinated by the U. S. Agency for International Development, or USAIDand Power Africas partners, the United Kingdom Department for Inter
33、national Development, Shell Foundation, and the African Development Bank, started the Scaling Off-Grid Energy Grand Challenge for Development, with a focus on pay-as-you-go solar home systems. The Challenges goal is to provide 20 million off-grid(离网)households in sub-Saharan Africa with clean, affor
34、dable electricity by 2030. So far, the Challenge has made 40-plus investments in early-stage, off-grid energy companies, which are expected to result in some 4.8 million new electrical connections.One reason for the success of the start-up companies that have won grants(资助)from the Challenge is the
35、fact that the cost of solar technology is falling fast, so it is within the means of those who live away from traditional power grids. And thanks to the new system of mobile money and pay-as-you-go financing, they can purchase the solar power-generating equipment they need and pay for it in daily in
36、stallments(分期付款)from their telephones, for as little as 15 cents a day.Thanks to the technological and financial innovation(创新), many people are getting electricity for the first time every day. In these newly-electrified communities, businesses can boom, clinics can safely store vaccines, and stude
37、nts may study long after dark. Indeed, access to clean and reliable electricity can enable entire communities to escape the cycle of extreme poverty.12.What is the main problem people in sub-Saharan Africa are faced with, according to Paragraph 1?A.They are lack of electricity.B.They are lack of die
38、sel fuel and kerosene.C.They are lack of money.D.They are lack of sunshine.13.Whats the aim of Power Africa?A.To make people richer.B.To make people healthier.C.To provide people with clean food and water.D.To provide people with inexpensive electricity.14.Which is NOT the reason for the success of
39、the start-up companies?A.The cost of solar technology is dropping.B.They live away from traditional power grids.C.They can use the new system of mobile money and pay-as-you-go financing.D.They can pay for the equipment in daily low installments.15.The text is especially helpful for those who care ab
40、out.A.agricultureB.environmentC.technologyD.education答案语篇解读本文主要讲了技术解决了非洲撒哈拉沙漠以南地区的人们的用电问题。12.A细节理解题。根据第一段中的“Lack of inexpensive, reliable energy delivery is one of the chief barriers to growth and development in sub-Saharan Africa. Nearly seventy percent of people living in the region lack access to
41、 electricity”可知生活在非洲撒哈拉沙漠以南地区的人们面临着的一个主要问题是缺少电力供应,故选A项。13.D细节理解题。根据第三段中的“The Challenges goal is to provide 20 million off-grid(离网) households in sub-Saharan Africa with clean, affordable electricity by 2030.”可知Power Africa的目的是为人们提供负担得起的电,故选D项。14.B推理判断题。根据第四段中的“One reason for the success of the start
42、-up companies that have won grants(资助) from the Challenge is the fact that the cost of solar technology is falling fast”可知A选项包含在内;根据第四段中的“And thanks to the new system of mobile money and pay-as-you-go financing, they can purchase the solar power-generating equipment they need and pay for it in daily installments(分期付款) from their telephones, for as little as 15 cents a day.”可知C选项和D选项包含在内,故选B项。15.C推理判断题。本文主要讲述了非洲撒哈拉沙漠以南地区的人们的用电问题得到了解决,由此可推出这篇文章对关心技术问题的人们有帮助,故选C项。