1、浙江省富阳市2015高考英语阅读理解暑假练习（3）及答案阅读下列短文，从每题所给的四个选项（A、B、C和D）中，选出最佳选项，并在答题卡上将该项涂黑。【广东珠海市高三上期末质量监测】-ASTOCKHOLM, Oct11 （Xinhua） - Chinese writer Mo Yan has won the 2012 Nobel Prize in Literature, announced Peter Englund, Permanent Secretary of the Swedish Academy in Stockholm on ThursdayThe Nobel Prize in Li
2、terature 2012 is awarded to Chinese writer Mo Yan who with hallucinatory realism merges folk tales, history and the contemporary, said Englund at a press conferenceMo Yan, a pseudonym for Guan Moye, was born in 1955 and grew up in Gaomi in Shandong province in eastern ChinaHis parents were farmersAs
3、 a 12-year-old during the Cultural Revolution he left school to work, first in agriculture, later in a factoryIn 1976 he joined the Peoples Liberation Army and during this time began to study literature and writeHis first short story was published in a literary journal in 1981In his writing, Mo Yan
4、draws on his youthful experiences and on settings in the province of his birthThis is apparent in his novel Hong gaoliang jiazu （1987, in English Red Sorghum 1993）, said the academy in a statement of Mos biographyThe book consists of five stories that unfold and interweave in Gaomi in several turbul
5、ent decades in the 20th century, with depictions of bandit culture, the Japanese occupation and the harsh conditions endured by poor farm workers, according to the biographyRed Sorghum was successfully filmed in 1987, directed by famous Chinese director Zhang YimouThrough a mixture of fantasy and re
6、ality, historical and social perspectives, Mo Yan has created a world reminiscent in its complexity of those in the writings of William Faulkner and Gabriel Garcia Marquez, at the same time finding a departure point in old Chinese literature and in oral tradition, the academy commented in the biogra
7、phical statementIn addition to his novels, Mo Yan has published many short stories and essays on various topicsIn spite of his social criticism, he is seen in his homeland as one of the foremost contemporary authors, the statement addedDozens of his works have been translated into English, French an
8、d Japanese and many other languagesLast years literature prize went to Swedish poet Tomas TranstromerAlfred Nobel, a Swedish industrialist who invented dynamite, established the Nobel Prizes in his will in 1895The first awards were handed out six years later文章大意：本文叙述了中国作家莫言摘取2012年诺贝尔文学奖，他出生于农民家庭，他在军
9、队里时开始从事写作，写作的主要的素材就是来自他的农村的生活，他最出名的代表作就是红高粱。26Where can you possibly read tins article?AIn a magazine BAt the front of a novelCIn a Business brochure Don the newspaper【答案】D【解析】文章出处题。根据STOCKHOLM, Oct11 （Xinhua） - Chinese writer Mo Yan has won the 2012 Nobel Prize in Literature, announced可知这是新闻报道，所以应该
10、在报纸上看到这个消息，故选D。27Which of the following Is closest in meaning to the underlined word pseudonym in paragraph 3?Aeldest son Bgovernment leader Cpen name Dauthor【答案】C【解析】词义猜测题。根据for Guan Moye可知Mo Yan是他的笔名，故选C。28Mo Yan started to earn his life Ain 1967 Bin 1976 Cin 1981 Din 1987【答案】A【解析】细节理解题。根据Mo Yan,
11、a pseudonym for Guan Moye, was born in 1955及As a 12-year-old during the Cultural Revolution he left school to work莫言出生于1955年，12岁开始工作，可推知是1976年开始挣钱，故选A。29Which of the following statements is true?AMo Yan started to write stories when he turned 20BThe stories in Red Sorghum describes both country and
12、city lifeCMo Yans works are widely read at home and abroadDBesides writing novels, Mo Yan produced a film【答案】C【解析】细节理解题。根据he is seen in his homeland as one of the foremost contemporary authors, the statement addedDozens of his works have been translated into English, French and Japanese and many oth
13、er languages可知莫言的作品在国内外都是有很多读者，故选C。30The Nobel Prize was set up .Aby a SwedeBby the Swedish Academy is StockholmCin the 18th centuryDto award greast literary figures【答案】A【解析】细节理解题。根据Alfred Nobel, a Swedish industrialist who invented dynamite, established the Nobel Prizes in his will in 1895是一个瑞典人成立的
14、，故选A。【2013界广东珠海市高三上期末质量监测】-BThe day began with clear sunlight and blue skiesIt soon turned into years of war, economic breakdown and political division. Ten years after the attacks on the World Trade Center and the Pentagon（五角大楼）on September 11,2001, America has come out of the smoke a very differen
15、t countryNearly 3,000 people died on September 11Suddenly America had to wake up to the fact that not everyone loves the USSAMembers of al-Qaeda, the militant group that earned out the attacks, were angry about US support for the Israelisagainst Palestinians in the Middle East, about US troops in Sa
16、udi Arabia, and about sanctions （制裁）against IraqSeptember 11 and the years that followed were a shock to our national consciousness, said Nicholas Bums, American ambassador to NATO （北约） at the timeThe terrorists struck not only the buildings, but also Americans- faith in their powerThe fear that Ame
17、rica had lost control of events as widespreadIn the name of fighting terrorism, the US launched wars in Iraq and AfghanistanMore than 6,000 Americans have diedTens of thousands of ordinary people in those countries have also lost their livesBut deaths are only part of the storyThe world was shocked
18、by photographs of Americans torturing （折磨） Iraqis in Abu Ghraib prison in BaghdadDavid Goldstein, a reporter with The Kansas City Star, questioned American behavior: Has torturing so-called terrorists saved American lives or made the values we advocate around the world weaker? Is that what weve beco
19、me?However, a brief moment of national unity did occur straight after 9/11Americans were coming together in an unusually powerful way in the ashesWe live in a bittersweet memory of that collective tragedy and collective possibility, said filmmaker Ken BurnsSeptember 11 was that kind of common moment
20、When it was over, the Harth still turned in its usual way and the stars in the sky shone as beforeBut the universe had shifted somehowThough the world felt the consequence of September 11, more is to comeTen years on, it still might be too soon to tell31What is al-Qaeda in Paragraph 2?AIt is the nam
21、e of the leader of a militant groupBIt is the name of a city in tie Middle EastCIt is the name of an armed organizationDIt is the name of a terrorist that carried out the 9/11 attacks【答案】C 【解析】细节理解题。根据它的同位语可知the militant group，它是一个组织的名称，故选C。 32Which statement is NOT true?AThe US government gives sup
22、ports to Israel but not to Palestine or IraqBThere are American troops stationed in Satidi ArabiaCThe 9/11 event brought die US people into unity for some timeDMore than 6000 Americans have died since the 9/11 attacks【答案】D【解析】细节理解题。根据Nearly 3,000 people died on September 11选项D叙述的是6000多人与短文不符，故选D。33W
23、hat is probably the authors attitude towards Americas military actions abroad?AIt is necessary to sweep out all the terrorists around the worldBIt is not very reasonable to launch wars in Iraq and AfghanistanCIt is quite right to apply military forces upon other nationsDThe days of an eye for an eye
24、 should never be gone【答案】B【解析】推理判断题。根据But deaths are only part of the storyThe world was shocked by photographs of Americans torturing （折磨） Iraqis in Abu Ghraib prison in Baghdad可推知伊朗和阿富汗的战争是不合理的，故选B。34What can be inferred from the passage?ASome Americans are skeptical about Americas armed behavior
25、overseasBTens of thousands of common people were killed in the wars besides American soldiersCThe 9/11 attacks damaged Americans faith in their military and economical powerDMore attacks will happen to the US ten years later【答案】A【解析】推理判断题。根据Though the world felt the consequence of September 11, more
26、 is to comeTen years on, it still might be too soon to tell可推知一些美国人怀疑美国的海外战争，故选A。35What is the best title for this passage?AResult of Military OperationsBAmericas Victory over TerroristsCShadows of 9/11DNever Say Yes【答案】C【解析】标题归纳题。根据Ten years after the attacks on the World Trade Center and the Penta
27、gon（五角大楼）on September 11,2001, America has come out of the smoke a very different country及短文的内容可知9/11带来的阴影，故选C。【2014安徽省屯溪一中月考卷】 AWith only fish and birds for company, Eric Erden has been rowing across the Pacific Ocean to Australia in his 23-foot-long boat since he left California on July 10, 2009.T
28、his is the first part of Erics trip around the world using only his own energy. He will row, bike, and walk without help from any motors at all. His plan includes climbing the tallest mountain on each of the six continents he visits, to honor the memory of a fellow climber.He says he is doing this t
29、o show kids that they can achieve any goal, but he also hopes to have some great adventures along the way.Storms and huge waves regularly force him in the wrong direction and even threaten to overturn his boat. “Sometimes I really feel scared,” says a somewhat embarrassed Eric. “But thats part of th
30、e journey. I knew this wouldnt be easy when I started.”Protein bars give him energy, and he boils water to heat freeze-dried meals on a one-burner stove. A sun-powered machine removes salt from ocean water so he can drink it, but when that fails he sometimes tries to collect rainwater in a bucket.He
31、s not bothered by any of the hardships. Eric sees the world as a laboratory where there is much to learn. And when his trip around the world takes him across land, he enjoys meeting people especially children. He has already visited several schools and shared his story.56Why is Eric making this trip
32、?A. To learn to overcome various hardships.B. To encourage children to reach for their goal.C. To do experiments all over the world.D. To honor the memory of a fellow climber.57What does Eric plan to do on each of the six continents he will visit?A. Visit schools to share his story.B. Study the cult
33、ure of the local people.C. Cycle from one end to the other.D. Climb the tallest mountain.58How does Eric mainly get drinking water?A. He boils the seawater on a stove.B. He has brought fresh water with him.C. He collects rain water in a bucket.D. He uses a special machine to make seawater fresh.59Wh
34、ich of the following words best describes Erics character?A. Fearless B. Intelligent.C. Determined.D. Lonely.【参考答案】5659 B D D C 【2013界广东珠海市高三上期末质量监测】 Anger is good for you as long as you control it properly，according to new psychology researchA new study from Carnegie Mellon University shows anger m
35、ay help people reduce the negative impacts of stress and help you become healthier“Here getting emotional is not bad for you if you look at the case of anger，”said Jennifer Lerner of Carnegie Mellon“The more people display anger，the lower their stress responsesLerner studied 92 UCLA students by aski
36、ng them to count back from 6，200They must say out loud every thirteenth numberResearchers disturbed them by asking them to count faster or ask them other questionsIf they made any mistakes，they had to restart from the very beginningMany students felt depressed about making so many mistakes or got an
37、gry because the researchers were interrupting them.Lerner used a hidden video camera and recorded all their facial expressions during the testThe researchers describe their reactions as fear，anger and disgustOther researchers recorded the students blood pressure，pulse and production of a highstress
38、hormone（荷尔蒙）called cortis01People whose faces showed more fear during the experiment had higher blood pressure and higher levels of the hormoneBoth can have lasting effects such as diabetes（糖尿病），heart disease，depression and extra weight gainWhen people feel fear，negative impacts increase, but when t
39、hey get angry，those negatives go down，according to the study “Having that sense of anger leads people to actually feel some power in what otherwise is a maddening situation，”Lerner saidLerner previously studied Americans emotional response to the 911 terrorist attacks two months after the incidentSh
40、e found people who reacted with anger were more optimisticThese people are healthier compared with those who were frightened during the eventSo in maddening situations，anger is not a bad thing to haveIts a healthier response than fear36Which statement will Jennifer Lerner agree with?AIts better to b
41、e angry than to be frightened in maddening situationsBDifferent reactions reflect different outlooks on lifeCDont control your anger and it makes you powerfulDPessimistic people are generally healthier than optimistic people【答案】A 【解析】细节理解题。根据She found people who reacted with anger were more optimist
42、icThese people are healthier compared with those who were frightened during the event生气比害怕对于健康来说要好的多，故选A。37What does the underlined word “both” in the fifth paragraph refer to according to the passage?AFear and angerBBlood pressure and pulseCBlood pressure and cortisoneDHigher blood pressure and hig
43、her levels of the hormone【答案】D【解析】细节理解题。根据People whose faces showed more fear during the experiment had higher blood pressure and higher levels of the hormone可知这里指的是高血压和高的荷尔蒙的，故选D。 38The researchers made the experimented students angry by _Arecording their performance secretlyBasking them to count t
44、o 6,200 again and againCdisturbing them and making them start ail over againDcriticizing them when they made mistakes【答案】C【解析】细节理解题。根据Many students felt depressed about making so many mistakes or got angry because the researchers were interrupting them.通过打扰他们使他们生气，故选C。39In what ways can anger be ben
45、eficial to people?ABy showing their optimistic sideBBy reducing their stressCBy reducing high blood pressureDBy taking the place of fear【答案】B【解析】细节理解题。根据A new study from Carnegie Mellon University shows anger may help people reduce the negative impacts of stress and help you become healthier可以减少压力，故
46、选B。40 What is this passage Mainly about?AThe findings of new psychology researchBWhat you can do with anger in certain casesCDifferent effects produced by anger and fearDHealthier responses in maddening situations【答案】A 【解析】主旨大意题。根据A new study from Carnegie Mellon University shows anger可知这是一下短文主要叙述的是
47、新的研究发现生气能够减轻人们的压力而使身体更加健康，故选A。【2014高考英语模拟题】EWhile some scientists overlook the existence of a sixth sense for danger, a new research from Washington University in St. Louis has identified a brain area that clearly acts as an early warning system and helps us adjust our behavior to avoid dangerous si
48、tuations. Our brains are better at picking up not obvious warning signs than we previously thought, said Joshua Brown, PhD, a research associate in psychology in the Feb. 18 issue of the journal Science. The findings offer exact scientific evidence for a new way to form a concept of the complex cont
49、rol processes taking place in and around the ACC, a brain area located near the top of the frontal lobes(耳垂) and along the walls that divide the left and right hemispheres(大脑半球). In the past, we found activity in the ACC when people had to make a difficult decision, or after they make a mistake, Bro
50、wn said. But now we find that this brain area can actually learn to recognize when you might make a mistake, even before a difficult decision has to be made. So the ACC appears to act as an early warning system it learns to warn us in advance when our behavior might lead to a negative outcome, so th
51、at we can be more careful and avoid making a mistake. By providing a clearer picture of the cognitive mechanisms(认知结构) by which we self monitor and control our behavior, the study is an important step in efforts to develop more effective treatments for mental illnesses. It also provides a new way of
52、 understanding inappropriate behaviors that often accompany mental illnesses. Our results suggest how injury of the ACC mechanisms can lead to breakdowns in the early warning system, so that the brain fails to stop or control inappropriate behavior ahead of time, said Brown. On the other hand, in th
53、ose persons with mental disorder, the ACC might warn of an upcoming problem even when no problem is in the existence. Known to be an important part of the brains control system, the ACC is believed to help adjust between cold, hard, fact-based reasoning and emotional responses, such as love, fear or
54、 expectation.68. According to the passage, the ACC_.A. refers to the sixth sense for danger B. deals with obvious warning situationsC. connects the left and right hemispheres D. sends warning messages in advance69. The new research is beneficial because it _ .A. provides a new way of avoiding mistak
55、es B. adjusts emotional responses in time of dangerC. helps find better treatments for mental illnesses D. assists people in predicting and avoiding danger70. The new research helps us understand _.A. why we are likely to make mistakes when the ACC is badly injuredB. why people with mental illnesses usually have so many strange behaviorsC. how the ACC works when something dangerous happensD. how our brain warns us of failure in advance【参考答案】6870、DCA