1、一、语法填空专题训练(一)巧用派生词，做好语法填空(2) 技巧点拨动词前后、形容词前后可有副词，这时，如果所给词为形容词，则需将其变为副词。如果所给词为名词或动词，可先将其变为形容词，再加后缀ly。另外，在答题时还要考虑副词级的变化。名词前面一般可有形容词修饰语，连系动词后接形容词作表语。如果所需词为形容词时，还要考虑形容词级的变化。如：(1)The little girl is extremely (extreme)eager to know the result of the exam.(2)Your composition is badly (bad) organized.Please
2、do your writing exercise more_attentively (attend) next time.(3)Whats the longest (length) river in the world?(4)The stronger (strength) we become，the more modest we should be.(5)He was very tired after doing this for a whole day，but he felt very happy since the crop did “grow” higher (height)常用形容词、
3、副词后缀形容词ly副词carefulcarefully名词ful形容词hopehopeful名词y形容词lucklucky名词ous形容词mountainmountainous名词al/ial形容词emotionemotional动词able/(s)ible形容词forgetforgettableaccessibleaccess动词tive形容词attractattractive 活学活用(一)用所给单词的适当形式填空It was a _1_(snow) winter Sunday.Jane sat in her _2_(gloom) room，staring at the telephone
4、 _3_(sad)，waiting _4_(eager) for a phone call because her uncle promised her that he could manage to find her a job.It was almost 11 oclock，but the phone still remained _5_(silence)She once told herself that her uncle could do nothing to help her and she thought she had some _6_(predict) power about
5、 such kind of things.However，she still felt it _7_(bear) when she assumed her prediction came true，so she couldnt help weeping.Just then，the telephone rang.It was her uncle，telling her the manager of his company agreed to give her a chance because he thought Jane was a _8_(compete) girl to do the wo
6、rk well.Imagine how happy Jane was at the good news.(二)语法填空A. (2011年广州一模)在下文空格处填入一个适当的词或使用括号中词语的正确形式填空The Black Country is about 10 miles from Birmingham. Its made up of four districts: Dudley, Walsall, Sandwell, and Wolvehampton.Historically, it was famous for industry, which explains 16 the area i
7、s called the Black Country. It got its name during the industrial revolution, 17 factory pollution turned the local skies black and coal dust from the mines made the soil the same color. Dudley, which is 18 (probable) the heart of the Black Country, has a history 19 ( date) back over 1,000years, and
8、 its famous castle has been there 20 about the 8th century.People from Black Country are very friendly. 21 their local dialect, which comes from the old “Middle English”, can be very difficult to understand. I still remember taking 22 visiting friend from Canada to a local Black Country pub for lunc
9、h. 23 the waitress could even finish describing the menu, my friend looked at me with his eyebrows 24 （raise）. When I asked what he wanted to order, he just shook his head in disbelief and asked if the waitress whom I 25 (speak) to just now was naturally speaking English.B.在下文空格处填入一个适当的词或使用括号中词语的正确形
10、式填空It sounds funny，but if you eat a lot you naturally have to release a lot into the toilet._1_(similar)，if you drink a lot，youre going to have a similar result.Crying is the same.But the crazy thing is _2_ people do not know they are taking in painful feelings and painful thoughts，let alone underst
11、and how to release them _3_ their system.Crying is perhaps _4_ easiest and fastest way to release emotional pain，_5_ unfortunately it has become socially unacceptable for both men and women to cry in public.We are already aware of all the social stigmas(耻辱，缺陷)_6_(attach) with those who cry in public
12、 (ie：weakness，in need of attention，etc.)，but _7_ most people are not aware of is the new scientific studies that actually prove _8_(tear) caused from emotional crying carry toxins(毒素) not normally found in the tears created to simply _9_(moist) the eye.Crying，like sneezing，coughing and defecating，_1
13、0_a natural way of releasing poisons that are associated with various emotions.二、完形填空(2010年新课标)阅读下面短文，掌握其大意然后从115各题所给的A、B、C和D项中，选出最佳选项。When I first entered university，my aunt，who is an English professor，gave me a new English dictionary.I was _1_to see that it was an EnglishEnglish dictionary，also kn
14、own as a monolingual dictionary._2_it was a dictionary intended for non native learners，none of my classmates had one and，to be honest，I found it extremely _3_ to use at first.I would look up words in the dictionary and still not fully understand the meaning.I was used to the _4_ bilingual dictionar
15、ies，in which the words are _5_ both in English and Chinese.I really wondered why my aunt _6_ to make things so difficult for me.Now，after studying English at university for three years，I _7_ that monolingual dictionaries are _8_ in learning a foreign language.As I found out，there is in fact often no
16、 perfect equivalence(对应) between two _9_ in two language.My aunt even goes so far as to _10_ that a Chinese “equivalent” can never give you the _11_meaning of a word in English! Therefore，she insisted that I read the definition(定义) of a world in a monolingual dictionary when I wanted to get a better
17、 understanding of its meaning._12_，I have come to see what she meant.Using a monolingual dictionary for learners has helped me in another important way.This dictionary uses a(n) _13_ number of words，around 2,000，in its definitions.When I read these definitions，I am _14_ exposed to(接触)the basic words
18、 and learn how they are used to explain objects and ideas._15_this，I can express myself more easily in English. 1.A.worriedBsadCsurprised Dnervous 2.A.Because BAlthough CUnless DIf 3.A.difficult BinterestingCambiguous Dpractical 4.A.new Bfamiliar Cearlier Dordinary 5.A.explained BexpressedCdescribed
19、 Dcreated 6.A.offered BagreedCdecided Dhappened 7.A.imagine Brecommend Cpredict Dunderstand 8.A.natural BbetterCeasier Dconvenient 9.A.words BnamesCideas Dcharacters10A.hope BdeclareCdoubt Dtell11A.exact BbasicCtranslated Dexpected12A.Largely BGenerallyCGradually DProbably13A.extra BaverageCtotal Dl
20、imited14A.repeatedly BnearlyCimmediately Danxiously15A.According to BIn relation toCIn addition to DBecause of三、阅读理解专题训练(一)阅读中的猜词技巧(2) 定义释义法 方法点拨释义指对陌生词的解释(解释性描述)，一般通过定义、定语从句、词组、同位语从句来体现。其表现形式为：用that is，in other words，or，mean，be called，refer to或连系动词to be等定义或重述形式来解释生词。 如例题1：Anthropology is the scient
21、ific study of man.例题2The_herdsman，who looks after sheep，earns about 650 yuan a year.解析1从解释 the scientific study of man可知anthropology的意思是 “人类学”。解析2定语从句中looks after sheep就表明了herdsman的词义为“牧人”。 活学活用(一)利用上述方法，猜出下列各句划线词的意思1Sociology is the term used to describe the scientific study of human society.2They
22、need to make their income meet the cost of living，so many people plan a family budget.A budget is a list of monthly expenses.3Jane is indecisive，that is，she cant make up her mind.4The modern age of medicine began with the stethoscope，an instrument for listening to patients heartbeat and breathing.5K
23、rabacber suffers from SAD，which is short for seasonal affective disorder，a syndrome characterized by severe seasonal mood swings.6They are vertebrates，that is，animals that have back bones.(二)阅读下列短文，按要求完成读写任务 (2009年全国卷)We have met the enemy，and he is ours.We bought him at a pet shop.When monkeypox，a
24、disease usually found in the African rain forest，suddenly turns up in children in the American Midwest，its hard not to wonder if the disease that comes from foreign animals is homing or on human beings.“Most of the infections we think of as human infections started in other animals，” says Morse，dire
25、ctor of the Center for Public Health Preparedenss at Columbia University.Its not just that were going to where the animals are，were also bringing them closer to us.Popular foreign pets have brought a whole new disease to this country.A strange illness killed Isaksens pets，and she now thinks that kee
26、ping foreign pets is a bad idea.“I dont think its fair to have them as pets when we have such a limited knowledge of them”，says Isaken.“Laws allowing these animals to be brought in from deep forest areas without stricter control need changing，” says Peter Schantz.Monkeypox may be the wakeup_call.Res
27、earchers believe infected animals may infect their owners.We know very little about these new diseases.A new bug may be kind at first.But it may develop into something harmful.Monkeypox doesnt look a major infectious disease.But it is not impossible to pass the disease from person to person.根据短文，写一篇
28、30词左右的摘要_.根据所读短文，选择正确答案1What dose the word “monkeypox” mean?Aa container to keep monkeys.Ba medicine for a monkey disease Can infectious diseaseDa popular foreign pet 2.What does the phrase “the wakeup call” most probably means?Aa new diseaseBa clear warningCa dangerous animal Da morning call3What d
29、oes the word “bug” mean?Aan infectious diseaseBa virusCa petDa disease in African forest4Why did Isaksen advise people not to have foreign pets?AThey attack human beings.BWe need to study native animals.CThey cant live out of the rain forest.DWe dont know much about them.5The text suggests that in t
30、he future we _.Amay have to fight against more new diseasesBmay easily get infected with diseases from dogsCshould not be allowed to have petsDshould stop buying pets from Africa参考答案(一)1Snowy 2.gloomy 3.sadly4eagerly 5.silent 6.predictive7unbearablepetitive (二) A1.why2.when3.probably4.dating5.since6
31、.But7.a8.Before9.raised10.had been speaking/was speaking/had spoken/spokeB1解析：副词在句首作状语，修饰全句。答案：Similarly2解析：that引导表语从句。答案：that3解析：人们不知道他们生活中吸进了痛苦的情感和思想，更不知道该如何把这些痛苦的情感从人体的系统中释放出去。答案：from4解析：形容词最高级前面用定冠词。答案：the5解析：从上下文的逻辑关系看，这里应该表示转折。答案：but6解析：attached to/with：与有联系，这里是过去分词作定语。答案：attached7解析：what引导主语从
32、句，在主语从句中作be aware of的宾语。答案：what8解析：下文的谓语是carry，主语tear应用复数形式。答案：tears9解析：to是不定式符号，其后接动词原形，所以这里用动词形式。答案：moisten10解析：主语是crying, 动名词作主语，谓语用单数。答案：is二、1解析：当我发现姑姑送给我的是一本英英词典时，我很 “吃惊”。答案：C 2.解析：“虽然” 这是一本为母语不是英语的学习者所编撰的，却没有一个同学有这样的一本词典。答案：B 3.解析：因为我对这种词典不熟悉，所以开始时发觉它特别不好用。答案：A 4.解析：我习惯使用我所 “熟悉的”双语词典。答案：B 5.解析
33、：双语词典里的生词用英汉两种语言进行解释。答案：A 6.解析：offered：主动提供；agreed：同意；decided ：决定；happened：碰巧。答案：C7解析：imagine：想象；recommend：推荐；predict：预测；understand：明白，理解。答案：D 8.解析：我意识到英英词典比双语词典更好。答案：B 9.解析：没有哪两种语言的两个词的意思能完全对等。答案：A 10.解析：declare：断言。答案：B 11.解析：exact meaning：确切的意思。答案：A 12.解析：我 “慢慢地”明白了姑姑的用意。 答案：C 13.解析：从around 2,000，
34、in its definitions可知这本词典用以解释的词只有大约2000，即用 “有限的”词汇解释生词。答案：D 14.解析：由于用于解释的词汇有限，这些词就不断 “反复”出现。答案：A 15.解析：According to：根据；In relation to关于；In addition to：此外；Because of：由于。答案：D三、(一)1解析：假定sociology是一个不认识的词，系动词be后面就给出了明确的定义。这样，我们便知道该词意思为“社会学”。答案：社会学2解析：is后面是对第一句中划线单词的解释，给出了明确的定义，从定义上推测出单词budget的意思为“预算”。答案：
35、预算3解析：由that is可知，后面是对indecisive的定义解释，由此可猜测出单词indecisive的意思为“优柔寡断的，没有决策能力的”。答案：优柔寡断的，没有决策能力的4解析：此句中逗号(，)后的同位语an instrument for listening to patients heartbeat and breathing.已经给出了划线单词的确切意思， stethoscope为“听诊器”。答案：听诊器5解析：从seasonal affective disorder，a syndrome characterized by severe seasonal mood swings
36、 推出SAD的意思是 “季节性情绪紊乱症”。答案：季节性情绪紊乱症6解析：从解释animals that have back bones 可知vertebrates的意思是 “脊椎动物”。答案：脊椎动物(二)The text tells us that keeping pets from foreign forest without necessary knowledge of the animals may be dangerous because they may bring some unknown infectious disease to harm our health.(31 wo
37、rds)1解析：词义猜测题。从a disease usually found in the African rain forest得知答案。答案：C2解析：词义猜测题。从下文得知，受到感染的动物会将疾病传给它们的主人，导致疾病在人群中蔓延，所以monkeypox对于人们起到警示作用。答案：B3解析：词义猜测题。下文说到“bug”会发展为有害的东西，推知应是“病毒”之意。答案：B4解析：细节理解题。从I dont think its fair to have them as pets when we have such a limited knowledge of them得知答案。答案：D5解析：推理判断题。根据最后一段可知：人类将来会面临更多疾病的挑战。答案：A