1、炎德英才大联考湖南师大附中2021届高三月考试卷英语时量：120分钟 满分：150分第二部分 阅读理解(共两节，满分50分)第一节(共15小题，每小题2.5分，满分37.5分)阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中，选出最佳选项。AConventional wisdom may tell you that a masters degree from Harvard Business School in the US is the key to a Fortune 500 job, while the same degree from the Wharton School of th
2、e University of Pennsylvania, US, means a possible career on Wall Street.It seems that the graduate school you go to somewhat decides your future. And a recent New York Times article reveals the correlation between MBA (Master of Business Administration) graduates at certain US schools and career pr
3、ospects.To work at AmazonRoss School of Business (University of Michigan)Amazon regularly hires more MBAs from top 10 business schools than big Wall Street firms. And a large chunk of Americans employees are from Ross. Graduate Peter Faricy, vice president of Amazon Marketplace, says the reason behi
4、nd this is that Ross curriculum-related offerings, a problem-solvingcourse for instance, are particularly well suited to Amazon.To work at McKinsey& CompanyKellogg School of Management (Northwestern)For an MBA, landing a job at McKinsey is like trying to get into a competitive business school all ov
5、er again. However, Kellogg graduates perform well in the fierce competition. The schools MBAs are in demand at elite consulting firms, which hired 35 percent of Kellogg graduates last year, a higher percentage than at Harvard (23 percent) and Stanford (16 percent).To work at AppleFuqua School of Bus
6、iness (Duke)Silicon alley hasnt always welcomed MBAs. However two of Apples top 10 executives come from Fuqua. Apple has hired 32 Fuqua graduates over the past five years, and provided 42 internships for Duke students.To start your own companyHarvard Business SchoolThe extensive resources Harvard ha
7、s devoted to its entrepreneurial offerings in recent years are starting to show real results. By many accounts, it has surpassed Stanford as the top entrepreneurial hot-bed in the US.1. Which university offers students a course on various approaches to difficulties at work?A. Kellogg School of Manag
8、ement.B. Ross School of Business.C. Harvard Business School.D. Fuqua School of Business.2. According to the passage, which of the following is true?A. Consulting companies favor MBA students from Kellogg.B. Stanford produces the greatest number of business leaders.C. To work at Apple, MBA graduates
9、have an advantage.D. Wall Street employs more MBAs from top 10 than Amazon.3. If you want to work in the area of hi-tech electronic products, you may choose to study in .A. Wharton SchoolB. Kellogg School of ManagementC. Ross School of BusinessD. Fuqua School of Business【答案】1. B 2. A 3. D【解析】本文是一篇应用
10、文，介绍了美国几个大学的专业优势与毕业生的就业情况。【1题详解】细节理解题。根据第三段中的“the reason behind this is that Ross curriculum-related offerings, a problem-solving course for instance, are particularly well suited to Amazon”可知，罗斯商学院为学生开设了各种解决工作困难的方法的课程，故B项正确。【2题详解】细节理解题。根据第四段中的“The schools MBAs are in demand at elite consulting firm
11、s, which hired 35 percent of Kellogg graduates last year, a higher percentage than at Harvard (23 percent) and Stanford (16 percent).”可知，该校的MBA在精英咨询公司很受欢迎，这些公司去年聘用了凯洛格35%的毕业生，这一比例高于哈佛（23%）和斯坦福（16%），由此可知，咨询公司青睐凯洛格的MBA学生，故A项正确。3题详解】推理判断题。根据倒数第二段中的“However, two of Apples top 10 executives come from Fuq
12、ua. Apple has hired 32 Fuqua graduates over the past five years,”可知，苹果前十名高管中有两位来自福库。过去五年，苹果公司雇佣了32名福库商学院的毕业生，由此可知，福库商学院的毕业生在电子产品领域很受青睐，所以如果你想在高科技电子产品领域工作，你可以选择在福库商学院学习，故D项正确。BOne night in March, five years ago, during happy hour at a bar in my hometown, I made a surprise announcement to my friends:
13、I was going to shut down my law practice and attempt to travel around the globe in a year. Whats more, I would do it without taking any flights or making a single advance reservation of any kind. My announcement drew mixed reactions from my friends. Some offered support and encouragement, while othe
14、rs were more doubtful.Once Id said the words, there was no turning back. It took months to shut down my law practice and get things in order. Once I set off on my adventure in October 2016, I found that travelling without using planes was not easy. Trying to circle the globe in 16 months (it took me
15、 a bit longer than the initial 12 months I planned) made it even tougher. Even so, travelling overland was the most awe-inspiring way to truly understand the immensity of our wonderful planet.I took three consecutive overnight buses to travel 3,000 km through Argentina, from Ushuaia, the worlds sout
16、hernmost city, to the capital Buenos Aires. I would look out the windows for hours on end at the completely unspoiled plains, as if humans had never touched it.It took seven consecutive days and nights on trains to get from Moscow to Beijing, each day spent gazing out the windows for hours as the We
17、st Siberian Plain swept by. Sometimes, I wouldnt see a village or a human being for 10 hours. Later in my journey, it took 22 days on a cargo freighter to get from New Zealand through the Panama Canal and back to Philadelphia, to finish my round-the-world adventure.It turned out that travelling with
18、 no reservations was far less difficult than I had imagined. Pulling into a city on a bus with a backpack, looking in a guidebook for a few suggestions of accommodations, and then finding an empty room was never much of a problem anywhere. It also kept me flexible and open about all my travel plans,
19、 which is advice I give everyone who asksplan far less than you think you should.4. The authors trip was special in that .A. he made it at the expense of giving up his jobB. it hardly cost him anythingC. he did not make advance booking or travel by airD. it was a global trip5. The author most probab
20、ly returned to the United States in .A. June 2017B. December 2018C. October 2017D. February 20186. Whats the correct order of the places that the author travelled to?Moscow Philadelphia New Zealand Ushuaia Beijing BuenosA. B. C. D. 7. What does the author think of his around-the-world tour?A. challe
21、nging but pleasingB. dangerous but wonderfulC. boring and disappointingD. costly and painful【答案】4. C 5. D 6. B 7. A【解析】本文是记叙文。文章主要讲了作者在没有任何计划的前提下进行了环球旅行，结果证明毫无准备地旅行比想象的要容易得多。【4题详解】细节理解题。根据第一段中的“Whats more, I would do it without taking any flights or making a single advance reservation of any kind.(此
22、外，我也不会乘坐任何航班，也不会提前预订任何种类的机票)”可知，作者旅行的特别之处是没有提前预定，也没有坐飞机。故选C。【5题详解】细节理解题。根据第二段中“Once I set off on my adventure in October 2016, I found that travelling without using planes was not easy. Trying to circle the globe in 16 months (it took me a bit longer than the initial 12 months I planned) made it eve
23、n tougher.(当我在2016年10月开始我的冒险之旅时，我发现不使用飞机旅行并不容易。试着在16个月内绕地球一周这比我最初计划的12个月要长一些让事情变得更加困难)”由此可知，作者2016年10月出发，16个月后返回，即作者最有可能在2018年2月回到美国。故选D。【6题详解】细节理解题。根据第三段第一句“I took three consecutive overnight buses to travel 3,000 km through Argentina, from Ushuaia, the worlds southernmost city, to the capital Buen
24、os Aires. (我连续乘坐了三趟通宵巴士，从世界最南端的城市乌斯怀亚到首都布宜诺斯艾利斯，穿越阿根廷3000公里)”、第四段第一句“It took seven consecutive days and nights on trains to get from Moscow to Beijing (从莫斯科到北京坐了连续七天的火车)”及第四段最后一句“Later in my journey, it took 22 days on a cargo freighter to get from New Zealand through the Panama Canal and back to Ph
25、iladelphia, to finish my round-the-world adventure. (在我后来的旅程中，我用了22天的时间乘坐货轮从新西兰穿过巴拿马运河回到费城，完成了我的环球冒险)”可知，作者的旅行路线是乌斯怀亚，布宜诺斯艾利斯，莫斯科，北京，新西兰，费城。故选B。【7题详解】推理判断题。根据第二段中的“I found travelling without using planes was not easy.”可知，作者在2008年12月开始他的冒险之旅时，他发现不坐飞机旅行并不容易；结合最后一段中“It turned out that travelling with n
26、o reservations was far less difficult than had imagined. Pulling into a city on a bus with a backpack, looking in a guidebook for a few suggestions of accommodations, and then finding an empty room was never much of a problem anywhere.(没有计划的旅行远没有想象中那么困难，带着背包坐公交车进城，在旅游指南上寻找一些住宿建议，然后找到一个住处在任何地方都不是什么大问
27、题)”可推知，作者的态度是积极的，认为虽然旅行有一定挑战性，但总体上是愉快的。故选A。CWhat do you do when you have a problem? Would you ask a crowd of strangers for a solution? It may sound strange, but it has inspired innovation and is the thinking behind “challenge prizes”.Challenge prizes come in many shapes but the basic concept remains
28、 the same. Rather than consult an expert for a solution, you offer the prize to anyone who believes they can solve it and present the first to do so with a prize. Many would argue. “Who is better qualified than an expert?” But actually, not using experts seems to result in a great deal of thinking o
29、utside of the box.Some argue that formal education can kill creativity as it sometimes only teaches a single method to achieve a task. In the same way, some suggest that experts can have the same problem. “If we set up a challenge prize, the experts that compete in it may tell us it cant be done.” s
30、ays Marcus Shingles, former CEO of the XPRIZE Foundation.There are other advantages too. “Youre not asking people to use a particular solution to solve that problem. So you get this large amount of diversity,” adds Shingles.Yet, challenge prizes also come with problems. You dont want to create a cha
31、llenge prize which encourages people to solve a problem where there is no demand. In 1979, a prize of 100,000 was claimed by the first person to fly under human power across the English Channel. Yet, it has not led to the adoption of human-powered flight as a form of travel. And there are those who
32、devote their time and energy only to see no return at all. Overall, challenge prizes dont seem to be going out of style anytime soon. To many, the challenge to innovate and the attraction of the prize are too much to resist.8 The basic concept behind a challenge prize is .A. allowing ordinary people
33、 to compete with expertsB. challenging formal education that kills creativityC. rewarding the first problem-solver of a challengeD. picking out someone more qualified than experts9. According to Marcus Shingles, what can be the problem with “experts”?A. They are less daring than non-experts.B. They
34、suffer from fixed thinking patterns.C. They tend to overlook details of a problem.D. They focus on theory rather than practice.10. What does the author suggest about challenge prizes?A. They may not serve practical purposes.B. Their appeal mainly lies in the prize.C. They are a waste of time and ene
35、rgy.D. Their popularity is to last for decades.11. What of the following might be the best title for the text?A. The amazing power of cooperationB. A reform in formal educationC. The popularity of challenge prizesD. The problem-solving prizes【答案】8. C 9. B 10. A 11. D【解析】【分析】本文属于说明文。主要讲述了挑战奖的理念以及它的利弊
36、。【详解】1.细节理解题。根据第二段第二句“Rather than consult an expert for a solution, you offer the prize to anyone who believes they can solve it and present the first to do so with a prize. ”与其向专家咨询解决方案，不如奖励那些认为自己能解决问题的人，并颁发奖品给第一个解决问题的人。可知，挑战奖的基本理念是奖励第一个解决问题的人。故选C。2.推理判断题。根据第三段中“In the same way, some suggest that e
37、xperts can have the same problem. “If we set up a challenge prize, the experts that compete in it may tell us it cant be done.” says Marcus Shingles, former CEO of the XPRIZE Foundation.”同样，有人认为专家也会有同样的问题。作为 XPRIZE 基金会的前任CEO ， Marcus Shingles说：“如果我们设立一个挑战奖，参赛的专家可能会告诉我们这是不可能的。”根据第四段“There are other a
38、dvantages too. “Youre not asking people to use a particular solution to solve that problem. So you get this large amount of diversity,” adds Shingles.”还有其他的好处。“你不是在要求人们使用特定的解决方案来解决这个问题。所以你得到了大量的多样性方法，”Shingles补充道。由此判断出Marcus Shingles认为专家有可能因为固定的思维模式，而无法找到解决问题的方法。故选B。3.推理判断题。根据第五段第二句中“You dont want t
39、o create a challenge prize which encourages people to solve a problem where there is no demand.”你不想设立一个鼓励人们去解决一个没有需求的问题的挑战奖。由此判断出作者对挑战奖的建议是它们可能没有实际用途。故选A。4.主旨大意题。结合文章第二段第二句“Rather than consult an expert for a solution, you offer the prize to anyone who believes they can solve it and present the firs
40、t to do so with a prize. ”与其向专家咨询解决方案，不如奖励那些认为自己能解决问题的人，并颁发奖品给第一个解决问题的人。讲述了挑战奖设立的目的；第四段的第一句“There are other advantages too.”也有其它的优点，可知第三段和第四段接下来的内容讲述的是挑战奖的优点；最后一段的首句“Yet, challenge prizes also come with problems.”然而，挑战奖也有问题。接下来讲述的内容为挑战奖的问题。综上所述，本文主要介绍了挑战奖的目的、优点和缺点，所以文章最佳标题为“ 解决问题奖”。故选D。DDeclining me
41、ntal function is widely regarded as a problem of old age, but certain aspects of brain function actually begin their decline in young adulthood, a new study suggests.The study which followed more than 2,000 healthy adults between the ages of 18 and 60, found that certain mental functionsincluding me
42、asures of abstract reasoning, mental speed and puzzle-solvingstarted to dull as early as age 27. The dip in memory, meanwhile, generally became apparent around age 37.On the other hand, indicators of a persons accumulated knowledgelike performance on tests of vocabularykept improving with age, accor
43、ding to the findings.The results do not mean that young adults need to start worrying about their memories. Most peoples minds function at a high level even in their later years, according to researcher Timothy Salthouse.“These patterns suggest that some types of mental flexibility decrease relative
44、ly early in adulthood, but that the knowledge one has, and the effectiveness of integrating (整合) it with ones abilities, may increase throughout all of adulthood if there are no diseases,” Salthouse said.The study included healthy, educated adults who took standard tests of memory and reasoning over
45、 a period of seven years. In general, Salthouse and his colleagues found, certain aspects of cognition (认知能力) generally started to decline in the late 20s to 30s.The findings threw light on normal age-related changes in mental function, which could aid in understanding the process of dementia (痴呆).
46、“By following individuals over time,” Salthouse said, “we gain insight in cognition changes, and may possibly discover ways to slow the rate of decline.”The researchers are currently analyzing the study participants health and lifestyle to see which factors might influence age-related cognitive chan
47、ges.12. What is the common view of mental function?A. It varies from person to person.B. It gradually expands with age.C. It weakens in ones later years.D. It indicates ones health condition.13. What does the underlined word “dip” in Paragraph 2 probably mean?A. Improvement.B. Decline.C. Difference.
48、D. Breakthrough14. For adults in their 40s, which of the following may improve as they age?A. Their decision-making abilities.B. Their abstract reasoning abilities.C. The sympathy they show people around.D. The amount of knowledge they have.15. According to Salthouse, their study may help us .A. fin
49、d ways to improve our memoriesB. find ways to slow down our mental declineC. understand the complex process of mental functioningD. understand the relation between physical and mental health【答案】12. C 13. B 14. D 15. B【解析】这是一篇说明文。文章阐述了一项新的研究表明：大脑功能的某些方面实际上是在年轻时开始衰退的。这项研究可能对减缓我们的智力衰退有帮助。【12题详解】细节理解题。根
50、据第一段“Declining mental function is widely regarded as a problem of old age, but certain aspects of brain function actually begin their decline in young adulthood, a new study suggests.(心理功能衰退被广泛认为是老年人的问题，但一项新的研究表明，大脑功能的某些方面实际上是在年轻时开始衰退的)”可知，心理功能衰退不仅仅是老年人的问题，一项新的研究表明，大脑功能的某些方面实际上是在年轻时开始衰退，心理功能到老年会更弱。因
51、此，心理功能的一般观点是：C项“It weakens in ones later years.(晚年会变弱)”符合题意。故选C项。【13题详解】词义猜测题。根据上一句“The study, which followed more than 2,000 healthy adults between the ages of 18 and 60, found that certain mental functionsincluding measures of abstract reasoning, mental speed and puzzle-solvingstarted to dull as e
52、arly as age 27.(这项研究跟踪了2000多名18至60岁的健康成年人，发现某些心理功能，包括抽象推理、思维速度和解谜能力，早在27岁时就开始变得迟钝)”可知，研究表明，某些心理功能，包括抽象推理、思维速度和解谜能力，早在27岁时就开始变得迟钝，由此可推知，第二段中划线词“dip”所在句的意思为“与此同时，记忆力方面的衰退通常在37岁左右变得明显”，即划线词“dip”与B项“Decline(下降)”意思接近。故选B项。【14题详解】推理判断题。根据第五段“These patterns suggest that some types of mental flexibility dec
53、rease relatively early in adulthood, but that the knowledge one has, and the effectiveness of integrating (整合) it with ones abilities, may increase throughout all of adulthood if there are no diseases (这些模式表明，某些类型的心理灵活性在成年早期相对降低，但如果没有疾病，一个人所拥有的知识以及将其与能力结合起来的有效性，可能会在整个成年期都有所提高)”可知，虽然某些类型的心理灵活性在成年后会降低
54、，但是如果人是健康的，他所储备的知识与能力结合起来的有效性会提高。因此，对于40多岁的成年人，会随着年龄的增长而改善的是D项“The amount of knowledge they have.(他们拥有的知识量)符合题意。故选D项。【15题详解】细节理解题。根据第七段“following individuals over time, ” Salthouse said, “we gain insight in cognition changes, and may possibly discover ways to slow the rate of decline.”(索尔特豪斯说：“随着时间的
55、推移，通过跟踪个体，我们可以洞察认知变化，并可能找到减缓衰退速度的方法。”)”可知，这项研究通过跟踪个体，观察其随着时期的推移的认知变化，并可能找到减缓衰退速度的方法。因此，根据索尔特豪斯所说，他们的研究可能有助于：B项“find ways to slow down our mental decline(想办法减缓我们的智力衰退)”符合题意。故选B项目。第二节(共5小题，每小题2.5分，满分12.5分)根据短文内容，从短文后的选项中选出能填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。Feeling Phone-Overwhelmed?So many people are feeling bur
56、nt out and phone-overwhelmed.” Smartphones definitely arent “evil” or “bad”, and people of all ages are struggling to find a “balance”. Whats the solution? Actually you dont necessarily need to flush your brand new iPhone down the toilet or vow to never. Things dont have to be that black or white. _
57、16_ Here are a few simple steps that I suggests.1. Make a plan. If you want to earn a college degree, you select specific classes happening at specific times and you attend them. This keeps you on track, moving steadily towards your goal. You can apply that same logic to your smartphone usage. Choos
58、e specific times (say, 8 a. m., 12 p. m., and 4 p. m.) when you intend to check in to read texts, social media updates, and so on, and then do your best to stick to the plan. _17_2. Enjoy the sound of silence to the fullest. If your phone is continually bleeping and pinging every-time “something hap
59、pens”, its going to be tough for you to stay focused on whatever youre trying to doyoull be tempted to check in and see whats up! This may seem obvious, but turn off those noisy notifications. _18_ If youre concerned that you might miss something important, you can create a “call filter” so that cer
60、tain peoples calls come through even if your phone is on “silent”. That way you can rest easy, knowing that you will never miss something that is truly urgent.3. Make dinnertime a phone-free zone. For many couples and families, dinnertime is the only time of the day when everyone is gathered togethe
61、r in one place. Make dinner a special, sacred time. No phones at the table. _19_ Even if youre dining alone, set your laptop or phone aside and enjoy your meal without techie distractions.4. Ask yourself, “What am I desiring right now?” _20_ Check in with yourself and see what you want. Do you seek
62、out company? Do you want some excitement or entertainment? Inspiration? Attention? Whatever you want, see if you can find a non-phone-related way to give it to yourself. Take a walk or pop by a friends house just to say “hi”. Feeding your spirit in the “real world”, you may discover that the “phone
63、world” just isnt that appealing anymore.A. If people get restless or bored, strike up an interesting conversation by playing a question game.B. Create phone-routines that help you to create the kind of day (and life) that you want.C. See how it feels to move freely through the world without any kind
64、 of digital “companion” to keep you company.D. No matter what kinds of feelings come up, taking some phone-free time is a valuable experience that can teach you a lot about yourself.E. Better yet, turn the volume on your phone down to zero or power down your phone completely.F. When you feel the urg
65、e to check your phone, and you dont really “need” to, pause for a moment.G. But you can take specific steps to create healthier, more balanced relations with technology.【答案】16. G 17. B 18. E 19. A 20. F【解析】这是一篇说明文。各个年龄段的人都在努力与手机建立更健康和平衡的关系，文章主要就如何建立这种关系提出了一些建议。【16题详解】根据上文“Smartphones definitely aren
66、t evil or bad, and people of all ages are struggling to find a balance.(智能手机不是绝对地邪恶或坏，各个年龄段的人都在努力寻找一个平衡)”、“Things dont have to be that black or white.(事情不必是非黑即白)”以及后文“Here are a few simple steps that I suggests.(以下是我建议的几个简单的步骤)”可知，上文提到手机不是绝对就是不好的，每个人都在寻找平衡，后文则提到了建议步骤，可知本句与上文构成转折，说明可以采取步骤来与科技建立更健康平衡的
67、关系，G选项中“steps”与“balanced”可对应到上文中balance，与后文中steps。故G选项“但是你可以采取具体的步骤来与科技建立更健康、更平衡的关系”符合语境，故选G。【17题详解】根据上文“1. Make a plan. If you want to earn a college degree, you select specific classes happening at specific times and you attend them. This keeps you on track, moving steadily towards your goal. You
68、can apply that same logic to your smartphone usage. Choose specific times (say, 8 a. m., 12 p. m., and 4 p. m.) when you intend to check in to read texts, social media updates, and so on, and then do your best to stick to the plan.(1. 制定一个计划。如果你想获得大学学位，你可以在特定的时间选择特定的课程，参加这些课程。这会让你保持在正确的轨道上，朝着你的目标稳步前
69、进。你可以把同样的逻辑应用到你的智能手机使用上。选择你打算查看短信、社交媒体更新等的具体时间，比如，早上8点，下午12点，下午4点，然后尽力坚持计划)”可知，本段主要是关于建立使用电话的习惯问题的，本句为本段最后一句，承接上文说明建立电话使用习惯对人的影响。故B选项“建立电话日常使用习惯，帮助你创造你想要的一天（和生活）”符合语境，故选B。【18题详解】根据上文“This may seem obvious, but turn off those noisy notifications.(这似乎是显而易见的，关掉那些嘈杂的手机通知声)”以及后文“If youre concerned that y
70、ou might miss something important, you can create a call filter so that certain peoples calls come through even if your phone is on silent.(如果你担心自己可能会错过一些重要的事情，你可以创建一个“来电过滤器”，这样即使你的手机处于静音状态，某些人的来电也会打进来)”可知，上文提到了关闭手机通知声音，后文则提到了来电过滤器，让收集在静音状态也能收到来电，可推知，本句是在建议，在关闭手机通知的基础上，进一步把手机音量调成零，即静音，E选项中“turn the
71、volume on your phone down to zero”可对应到后文中“your phone is on silent”。故E选项“更好的是，把手机音量调到零，或者完全关机”符合语境，故选E。【19题详解】根据上文“3. Make dinnertime a phone-free zone. For many couples and families, dinnertime is the only time of the day when everyone is gathered together in one place. Make dinner a special, sacred
72、 time. No phones at the table.(3.让晚餐时间成为一个没有手机的区域。对于许多夫妇和家庭来说，晚餐时间是一天中唯一一个所有人聚在一起的时间。让晚餐成为一段特殊、神圣的时光。桌子上不要放电话)”可知，上文提到晚餐时间不使用手机，可推知本句是在针对不使用手机，人们感到烦躁或无聊时的沟通问题进行建议，A选项中people可对应到上文中everyone。故A选项“如果人们感到烦躁或无聊，可以玩一个问题游戏来开始一段有趣的对话”符合语境，故选A。【20题详解】根据后文“Check in with yourself and see what you want. Do you
73、seek out company? Do you want some excitement or entertainment? Inspiration? Attention? Whatever you want, see if you can find a non-phone-related way to give it to yourself.(检查一下自己，看看自己想要什么。你是要寻求陪伴吗？你是要一些刺激或娱乐吗？灵感？注意力？无论你想要什么，看看你是否能找到一个与手机无关的方式来自我满足)”可知，后文提到了一系列反思自己的问题，可推知本句是在说明当很想看手机的时候，先停下来进行自我反思
74、。F选项中check可对应到后文中Check in。故F选项“当你很想看手机，但你并不真的需要看手机的时候，请停一下”符合语境，故选F。第三部分 语言知识运用(共两节，满分30分)第一节(共15小题；每小题1分，满分15分)阅读下面短文，从短文后各题所给的A、B、C和D四个选项中，选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。I grew up in an age of delayed satisfaction, when I had to wait for everything.The mail came once a day, and I can still recall the _21_ of expe
75、cting the Mad magazine or some cheap items I had _22_. Classic movies were shown on television, and one could learn about them a week _23_ from TV Guide. And of course, one had to be at home at the _24_ time to watch them. And then the banks did business on weekdays only. They opened at 9 a.m. and c
76、losed at 4 p.m.Such was the world as recently as in the 1970s. Everything seemed to operate on a _25_ order. This was the way things worked, and it was all we knew. And then, _26_ overnight, everything changed. It suddenly seemed as if we never had to be anywhere at an arranged time, because everyth
77、ing was _27_ all the time. But rather than being _28_ by what we have gained, I am gently disturbed by what was lost. Having to wait for almost, everything meant living a life in _29_ moving. When one must follow _30_, fixed schedules, one has no choice but to wait. In this way the virtue of _31_ is
78、 preferred.The changed times, on the other hand, have encouraged a constant sense of urgency, which is ironic (讽刺的): If we have anything we want anytime we want it, shouldnt we be less _32_? The answer is that an “on demand” lifestyle has created an _33_ for speed. If I can have something this fast,
79、 why cant we have it faster?And so on this hot day, as a gentle form of _34_ against the demands of a hurried age, I went to the supermarket and bought three fresh lemons. Diligently, carefully and with no sense of needing to be anywhere else or do anything else, I _35_ them into a tall glass. Then
80、I filled the glass with cold water, ice, and a teaspoon of sugar. Fresh lemonade in hand, I went outside, sat in my lawn chair, and looked out over the river. I sipped (抿一口).21. A. shockB. annoyanceC. thrillD. despair22. A. requiredB. deservedC. soughtD. ordered23. A. in vainB. in reliefC. in orderD
81、. in advance24. A. appointedB. savedC. impressedD. left25. A. dullB. strictC. looseD. stubborn26. A. seeminglyB. regularlyC. graduallyD. increasingly27. A. profitableB. avoidableC. availableD. controllable28. A. determinedB. connectedC. directedD. pleased29. A. slowerB. fasterC. weakerD. happier30.
82、A. casualB. abruptC. consistentD. limited31. A. efficiencyB. patienceC. thoughtD. effort32. A. disappointedB. hurriedC. boredD. relaxed33. A. hatredB. imaginationC. possibilityD. appetite34. A. urgeB. replyC. protestD. support35. A. squeezedB. draggedC. pushedD. forces【答案】21. C 22. D 23. D 24. A 25.
83、 B 26. A 27. C 28. D 29. A 30. C 31. B 32. B 33. D 34. C 35. A【解析】这是一篇记叙文。文章讲述了，作者享受慢节奏生活的乐趣而不喜欢现在这种快节奏的生活方式，他认为“随需应变”的生活方式让我们失去了耐心这种品质。【21题详解】考查名词词义辨析。句意：每天都有一封邮件寄来，我仍然记得期待着那本疯狂杂志或是我订的一些便宜货的那种兴奋。A. shock震惊；B. annoyance恼怒；C. thrill兴奋；D. despair绝望。由上文的“I grew up in an age of delayed satisfaction, whe
84、n I had to wait for everything.”可知，作者成长在需要等待一切，一个延迟满足的时代，所以期待东西到来时，作者的心是兴奋雀跃的。故选C项。【22题详解】考查动词词义辨析。句意：每天都有一封邮件寄来，我仍然记得期待着那本疯狂杂志或是我订的一些便宜货的那种兴奋。A. required需要；B. deserved值得；C. sought寻找；D. ordered订购。由上文的“the Mad magazine or some cheap items”可知，疯狂杂志或一些便宜货是需要订购/购买的。故选D项。【23题详解】考查介词短语辨析。句意：经典电影在电视上播放，人们可以
85、提前一周从电视指南了解它们。A. in vain徒劳；B. in relief鲜明地；C. in order井然有序；D. in advance提前。由上文的“Classic movies were shown on television”和下文的“TV Guide”可知，经典电影是在电视上播放的，但从电视指南上可提前一周了解。故选D项。【24题详解】考查形容词词义辨析。句意：当然，一个人必须在指定的时间在家里看电影。A. appointed指定的；B. saved保存的；C. impressed有深刻的好印象；D. left左边的。由常识和下文的“an arranged time”可知，20
86、世纪70年代在家里用电视看电影，是要在指定播放时间才能看的。故选A项。【25题详解】考查形容词词义辨析。句意：一切似乎都在严格的秩序下运作。A. dull沉闷的；B. strict严格的；C. loose轻松的；D. stubborn顽固的。由上文语境可知，一个人在家里看电影要在指定播放时间才能看，银行只在工作日做生意，它们早上9点开门，下午4点关门，很有规律，一切都是按严格的秩序进行。故选B项。【26题详解】考查副词词义辨析。句意：然后，似乎一夜之间，一切都变了。A. seemingly看似；B. regularly有规律地；C. gradually渐渐地；D. increasingly越来
87、越多地。由上文的“20世纪70年代的世界一切都是按严格的秩序进行”和下文的“It suddenly seemed as if we never had to be anywhere at an arranged time”可知，以前事情按严格的秩序进行，现在突然就不需要约定时间去任何地方了，于作者而言，好像似乎一夜之间，一切都变了。故选A项。【27题详解】考查形容词词义辨析。句意：突然间，我们似乎从来没有必要在约定的时间去任何地方，因为所有的东西都是随时可用的。A. profitable有利润的；B. avoidable可避免的；C. available有空的、可获得的；D. controll
88、able可控的。由上文语境可知，作者发现似乎一夜之间，一切都变了，大家不需要约定时间做事情了，因为所有的东西人们随时都可以获得。故选C项。【28题详解】考查语境理解。句意：但是，我并没有为我们所获得的感到高兴，而是对我们失去的东西感到轻微地不安。A. determined坚定的；B. connected有联系的；C. directed指导；D. pleased高兴的。But表转折，前后句意义不一致，后文讲“gently disturbed（轻微地不安）”，说明作者获得了需要的东西，也并不高兴。故选D项。【29题详解】考查形容词词义辨析。句意：几乎要等待，一切都意味着生活在缓慢的移动中。A. s
89、lower更慢的；B. faster更快的；C. weaker更弱的；D. happier更快乐的。由上文的“Having to wait for almost”可知，几乎都要等待，等待则意味着慢。故选A项。【30题详解】考查形容词词义辨析。句意：当一个人必须遵循一致、固定的时间表时，他别无选择，只能等待。A. casual随意的；B. abrupt突然的；C. consistent一致的；D. limited有限的。由下文的“fixed schedules”可知，固定的时间表代表着一种一致性。故选C项。【31题详解】考查名词词义辨析。句意：在这种情况下，耐心是最好的美德。A. efficie
90、ncy效率；B. patience耐心；C. thought想法；D. effort努力。由上文语境可知，当人必须遵循一致性时，他别无选择，只能等待，什么都不能干，而此时等待就是美德。故选B项。【32题详解】考查形容词词义辨析。句意：另一方面，变化的时代鼓励了一种持续的紧迫感，这是讽刺的：如果我们有任何想要的东西，我们随时都可以获得，我们不应该变得不那么匆忙吗？A. disappointed失望的；B. hurried匆忙的；C. bored厌倦的；D. relaxed放松的。由上文的“If we have anything we want anytime we want it”可知，任何时候
91、都可以获得想要的任何东西，说明人们随时都可以获得想要的东西，就不需要约定时间，也没必要那么匆忙了。故选B项。【33题详解】考查名词词义辨析。句意：答案是“随需应变”的生活方式产生了对速度的渴望。A. hatred憎恨；B. imagination想象；C. possibility可能性；D. appetite强烈欲望。由下文的“If I can have something this fast, why cant we have it faster?”可知，人们拥有了快的东西，那么就会想要更快的东西，这是对速度的渴望。故选D项。【34题详解】考查动词词义辨析。句意：所以，在这个炎热的日子里，作
92、为对匆忙时代的要求的温和抗议，我去超市买了三个新鲜的柠檬。A. urge催促；B. reply回答；C. protest抗议；D. support支持。由下文语境可知，在这个匆忙的时代，作者原本可以直接买一杯柠檬水喝，然而作者却去超市买柠檬自己花功夫做柠檬水（这是慢生活的表现），说明作者对匆忙时代提出了温和的抗议。故选C项。【35题详解】考查动词词义辨析。句意：我孜孜不倦，小心翼翼地把他们挤到一个高高的玻璃杯里，没必要到别的地方去，也不需要做任何其他的事情。A. squeezed挤压；B. dragged拖曳；C. pushed推；D. forces迫使。由上下文语境可知，作者买柠檬是为了做柠
93、檬水，此处指作者把柠檬汁挤入一个玻璃杯里。故选A项。第二节 (共10小题；每小题1分，满分10分)阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。Who is Li Ziqi? For about 8 million watchers on YouTube and 23 million micro bloggers on Sina Weibo, thats _36_ easy question to answer. She holds an account on each of the two platforms, and uploads her videos _37_ (co
94、ncern) her rural lifestyle.The beauty of Lis videos _38_ (root) in the revival of the ancient relationship between humans and nature. _39_ (dress) in traditional Chinese-style clothes, Li reflects the self-sufficient lifestyle of ancient Chinese people. From making paper to weaving cloth, from makin
95、g a silk quilt to building her own bread oven with blocks, nothing seems impossible with Lis crafty hands, _40_ they work their magic to have brought these things into _41_ (exist).Of course, via her videos Li has spread Chinese culture to the world. She lets the world know that Chinese people love
96、good food and have a good command _42_ making art out of even simple raw materials. She lets the world witness how Chinese people live _43_ (harmony) with nature. And it is these qualities that have captured the hearts of her global audience.Now Li _44_ (become) one of the most successful Internet c
97、elebrities. Though being famous also means being the target of controversy, _45_ is not doubtful that she lets the world know and love Chinese culture.【答案】36. an 37. concerning 38. is rooted 39. Dressed 40. as/because/since/for 41. existence 42. of 43. harmoniously 44. has become 45. it【解析】本文是一篇说明文。
98、文章主要讲述了中国才女李子柒把她自己亲手做的中国美食从种植到烹饪的全过程用视频记录下来，并发表在大众媒体上，受到了全世界的关注。她这种把生活当艺术来过的生活方式很值得我们每个人去学习。【36题详解】考查冠词。句意：李子柒是谁? 对于大约800万YouTube用户和2，300万新浪微博用户来说，那个问题很容易回答。此处泛指上文提到的问题Who is Li Ziqi?，表示泛指，且easy以元音因素开头，故填an。【37题详解】考查介词。句意：她在两个平台上都有账户，上传了她关于农村生活方式的视频。根据句意，空格处用介词concerning“关于”，构成介词短语作定语，修饰video，故填conc
99、erning。【38题详解】考查动词时态语态。句意：李的视频之美源于人类与自然之间古老关系的复兴。be rooted in.为固定结构，本句介绍李子柒视频的特征，需用一般现在时，root与主语beauty是被动关系，且主语beauty是单数，故谓语动词用单数，故填is rooted。【39题详解】考查非谓语动词。句意：穿着中式传统服装，李反映了古代中国人自给自足的生活方式。分析句子可知，句子的谓语动词是reflect，故dress用非谓语动词形式作状语，与逻辑主语Li为逻辑上的被动关系，且设空处表示完成，故用过去分词。故填Dressed。【40题详解】考查连词。句意：从造纸到织布，从制作丝绸被
100、子到用石块做自已的面包烤炉，用李的巧手似乎没有什么不可能的，因为它们创造了奇迹使这些东西得以存在。根据句意，后文是前文的原因，故空格处应对原因状语从句。故填as/because/since/for。【41题详解】考查固定短语。句意同上。bringinto existence 为固定短语，意为：创造。into是介词，接名词作宾语，故填existence。【42题详解】考查固定短语。句意：她让世界知道，中国人热爱美食，擅长用简单的原材料制作艺术品。have a good command of“精通；擅长”是固定短语，结合句意，故填of。【43题详解】考查副词。句意：她让世界见证了中国人是如何与大自
101、然和谐相处的，正是这些赢得了全球观众的心。设空处作1ive 的状语，需用副词形式，粮据提示词可知在设空处填harmoniously，故填harmoniously。【44题详解】考查动词时态。句意：现在李己经成为最成功的网红之一。根据句意及时间状语now可知设空处用现在完成时，表示过去开始，一直延续到现在的动作，主语Li是第三人称单数，谓语动词用单数，故填 has become。【45题详解】考查形式主语it。句意：虽然成名也意味着成为争议的对象，但她让世界了解并热爱中国文化是无疑的。分析句子可知，空格处是形式主语，真正的主语是that引导的主语从句。故填it。第四部分 写作(共两节，满分40分
102、)第一节 (满分15分)46. 假如你是校学生会主席李华，校学生会准备在重阳节组织一次活动，去敬老院看望老人，请你给外教Daniel写封邮件，邀请他一起参加活动。邮件内容包括：1、活动目的；2、活动内容简介。注意：1、词数80左右；2、请按如下格式在答题卡的相应位置作答。提示：重阳节Double Ninth Festival敬老院nursing home_【答案】One possible version:Dear Daniel,With the approaching of the traditional Chinese festivalDouble Ninth Festival, the s
103、chool is organizing a visit to the nursing home. I am writing to invite you to join us in visiting the elderly together. The activity is due every year in our school to show our care for the elderly and it is also aimed to raise our awareness of respecting them. While we are in the nursing home, we
104、can chat with them, help with their cleaning or even give some performances of singing and dancing. Visiting the nursing home has always been a meaningful and interesting activity. I am fully convinced that you will enjoy the experience. Looking forward to your reply!Sincerely,Li Hua【解析】【分析】本篇书面表达属于
105、应用文，要求考生给外教Daniel写封邮件，邀请他一起参加校学生会准备在重阳节组织一次活动。【详解】第一步：审题体裁：应用文时态：根据提示，时态主要为一般现在时。结构：总分法总分法指把主题句作为总说，把支持句作为分说，并以这种方式安排所写内容。要求：1.活动目的；2. 活动内容简介;3. 期待对方加入活动。第二步:列提纲 （重点词组）with the approaching of, organize a visit to the nursing home,invite you to join us, show our care for the elderly,aim to raise our
106、awareness of respecting them,chat with ,give some performances of singing and dancing,a meaningful and interesting activity,be fully convinced that,enjoy the experience;第三步：连词成句:根据提示及关键词（组）进行遣词造句，注意主谓一致和时态问题。1.With the approaching of the traditional Chinese festivalDouble Ninth Festival, the school
107、is organizing a visit to the nursing home.2.I am writing to invite you to join us in visiting the elderly together.3.The activity is due every year in our school to show our care for the elderly and it is also aimed to raise our awareness of respecting them. 4.While we are in the nursing home, we ca
108、n chat with them, help with their cleaning or even give some performances of singing and dancing.5.Visiting the nursing home has always been a meaningful and interesting activity. 6.I am fully convinced that you will enjoy the experience.7.Looking forward to your reply!第四步：连句成篇（衔接词）:表时间：while;连句成文，注
109、意使用恰当的连词进行句子之间的衔接与过渡，书写一定要规范清晰，【点睛】高分句型1With the approaching of the traditional Chinese festivalDouble Ninth Festival, the school is organizing a visit to the nursing home. 使用with的复合结构做状语。高分句型2While we are in the nursing home, we can chat with them, help with their cleaning or even give some perform
110、ances of singing and dancing.使用时间状语从句。高分句型3Visiting the nursing home has always been a meaningful and interesting activity. 使用动名词短语做主语。第二节 (满分25分)47. 阅读下面材料，根据其内容和所给段落开头语续写两段，使之构成一篇完整的短文。The story began with a young mother who had three sons in a big city. Unfortunately, the youngest son developed s
111、low thinking skills, not having the intelligence of his brothers. With double duty as the mother of the household, she was exhausted, so that the youngest was often the target of anger and annoyance. Bad words, such as you little fool” and the like, served as a daily meal for the youngest.The words
112、and curses he got from the mother and ridicule (嘲笑) from friends convinced him that he was distressing (使痛苦) and embarrassing his family. Every morning he woke up with his own face staring from the mirror reflection, he started to say quietly and sadly, “The fool is going to school.”As adult citizen
113、s, there was compulsory military service which should be lived. Thus, the youngest son also signed up and started to follow the various tests: a medical, physical ability test and other tests. On the day of the announcement, he was called into the board of examiners.In his mind, he convinced himself
114、 that he was the fool and couldnt pass the tests this time as he entered the room with his head down. It was not expected at all. The tests turned out to have the highest praise from the board of examiners.“Congratulations, young man! Your test results are incredible! You are really a great and tale
115、nted young man.” Words from the board of examiners became the discovery of a new side of himself that was not known in advance. Voice kept echoing in his mind, such as “I, the great man, am in the shower”, “The great man washes his face”, “The talented young man again brushes his teeth” and so on. C
116、onfidence and improved self-image came beyond usual.注意：1、所续写短文的词数应为150以上；2、请按如下格式在答题卡的相应位置作答。He decided to join the military and was sent to the front._Ten years later, the man went back to his hometown._【答案】One possible version:He decided to join the military and was sent to the front. Every day he
117、 was going through a hail of bullets. He couldnt remember how many times he had risen to his feet in the combats. Surrounded by the brutal realities of war while creeping forward with difficulty in the battlefield, a voice kept echoing in his mind. “I, the great man, am in the war”, “The great man i
118、s going to conquer his fear”, and “the great man can hold out a little longer”. With the strong belief and courage, he succeeded in winning the war and defending his country with his comrades.Ten years later, the man went back to his hometown. The youngest son who had been considered a fool received
119、 warm welcome. He was admired and won great respect from other people. And he quickly became the focus of much media attention. During an interview with the reporters, he mentioned with a smile, At first I was not what I am, but the tests changed my life, which made me build up confidence so that I
120、can face difficulties bravely.” He paused significantly for a while and added, “The discovery of a new side of myself is the power behind the success that is within me. And most importantly, it was my confidence that made me discover my own strength to overcome all the difficulties I encountered and
121、 triumph over the tough journey.”【解析】【分析】这是一篇读后续写作文。通过阅读所给文章可知，一位母亲生下了三个儿子，不幸的是，最小的儿子不像他的哥哥们那样，他的思维迟钝。妈妈既要承担家务又要照顾他，因此她感到筋疲力尽，因此小儿子经常成为她生气和烦恼的目标，哥哥们也开始挖苦他，朋友们嘲笑他，慢慢地他觉得自己让家人感到痛苦和尴尬。每天早晨，他醒来的时候都对自己说道：“傻瓜要上学了”。后来他报名参加服兵役的各种测试，结果他的测试结果令他难以置信。考官认为他是一个很优秀的并且很有才华的年轻人，他就此发现了自己的另一面。【详解】1.段落续写。第一段开头是：他决定参军，并
122、被派往前线。接下来可以写：他每天都在经历无数的子弹，他不记得自己在战斗中倒下多少次然后又站起来。他每天被战争的残酷包围着，在战场上艰难前进时，他的脑海里回荡着一句话： “我是一个优秀的人，正在参战，我将克服恐惧，我可以坚持更长的时间”。凭着坚定的信念和勇气，他与战友一起保卫了自己的国家，赢得了战争。第二段的开头是：十年后，该男子回到家乡。接下来可以写：曾被认为是傻子的小儿子受到了热烈的欢迎，他受到人们的钦佩并赢得了人们的高度尊重，他很快成为了众多媒体关注的焦点。在接受记者采访时，他笑着说：“起初我不是今天的样子，但参与入伍测试改变了我的生活，这使我有了信心，因此可以勇于面对困难。”他停了一会儿
123、，然后补充道：“发现自己新的一面即我内在的力量，这使我获得成功。最重要的是，我的自信使我发现了自己克服各种困难的力量并在艰难的生活旅程中让我取得了胜利。2.续写线索：思维迟钝挖苦痛苦和尴尬有才华的克服恐惧感悟3.词汇激活行为类思维迟钝：slow thinking skills, not having the intelligence挖苦：distressing (使痛苦) and embarrassing the family情绪类有才华的：incredible! great and talented young man克服恐惧：conquer his fear/ build up confidence感悟：overcome all the difficulties【点睛】高分句型1Surrounded by the brutal realities of war while creeping forward with difficulty in the battlefield, a voice kept echoing in his mind. 该句使用了while引导的时间状语从句并进行了省略。高分句型2The youngest son who had been considered a fool received warm welcome. 该句使用了who引导的定语从句。