1、Section Grammar复习被动语态语 境 自 主 领 悟先观察原句后自主感悟1.Today，carnival in Venice is celebrated for five days in February.2.If they broke the laws，they were put into prison.3.The party will be held in five days.4.Two hundred trees have been planted since the man came here.1.句1用了一般现在时的被动语态，其构成为“am/is/are过去分词”。2.句
2、2用了一般过去时的被动语态，其构成为“was/were过去分词”。3.句3用了一般将来时的被动语态，其构成为“will/shallbe过去分词”。4.句4用了现在完成时的被动语态，其构成为“have/hasbeen过去分词”。语 法 精 要 点 拨一、被动语态的基本时态变化1各种时态被动语态的构成被动语态由助动词be和及物动词的过去分词构成。被动语态可用于各种时态，其时态变化通过助动词be的不同形式来体现。时态动词的被动形式例句一般现在时am/is/are doneEnglish is taught in most schools.一般过去时was/were doneThe letter wa
3、s typed on the computer.一般将来时shall/will be doneThe problem will be discussed tomorrow.现在进行时am/is/are being doneThe bridge is being built.过去进行时was/were being doneAt that time the desk was being repaired.现在完成时have/has been doneThe house has been built.过去完成时had been doneThey said that their work had be
4、en finished.过去将来时would be doneHe said the trees would be planted soon.2.被动语态的特殊形式(1)含有情态动词的被动语态的结构为：情态动词be过去分词Something must be done to stop the water from being polluted.必须采取措施来制止水受到污染。(2) “get过去分词”式被动语态 在口语和非正式的语体中，常用“get过去分词”表示被动语态，其中get相当于be动词，起助动词的作用。这种形式一般用来谈论突然发生的事，通常只表示动作，不表示状态。Some glasses
5、got broken when we were moving.我们搬家时有些玻璃杯被打碎了。即时训练1完成句子We are_not_allowed(不允许) to enter the chemistry lab without a teacher.The book has_been_published(已经出版) and you can buy one in the local book store.Tom always had the feeling that they were_being_watched(正在被监视)Treasures must_be_taken(一定要采取) to pr
6、event the water from being polluted.The hall is_being_built(正在建造)I wonder whether it will_be_finished(将完成). 【导学号：71812033】二、主动形式表示被动意义1当look，sound，smell，taste，feel，prove，remain，stay等作系动词时。The soup smells good but tastes terrible.这种汤闻起来不错，但太难喝了。The theory proved to be correct.这个理论证明是正确的。2表示主语某种属性、特征的
7、动词如read，sell，write，wash，wear等。This kind of book sells well.这种书很畅销。The shirt washes well.这衬衫很好洗。3表示开始、结束、运动的动词如begin，start，finish，stop，open，close等。The shop closes at 6 pm.everyday.商店每天下午6点关门。 即时训练2单句语法填空Your reason sounds(sound) reasonable.My pen writes(write) quite smoothly.We must get there before
8、the lecture begins(begin)三、使用被动语态应注意的问题1不及物动词及短语不能用于被动语态。常见的有：rise，appear，disappear，happen，occur，break out，take place，run out，give out(用完，耗尽)等。My money has run out.Can you lend me some?我的钱用完了，你能借给我一些吗？2在主动语态里，感官动词和使役动词后面跟不带to的不定式作宾补，但变为被动语态时，须带to。I often hear her sing English songs.She is often hear
9、d to sing English songs by me.我经常听见她唱英语歌。3带有介词或副词的动词短语用作被动语态的谓语时，介词或副词不能省略。She often looks after the old man.The old man is often looked after by her.她经常照顾这位老人。4含有双宾语的主动结构变为被动结构时，有两种方法：一是将间接宾语变为主语，直接宾语保持不变；二是将直接宾语变为主语，间接宾语前加介词to或for。Her mother bought her a computer.She was bought a computer by her m
10、other.A computer was bought for her by her mother.她妈妈给她买了一台电脑。即时训练3单句改错A traffic accident was happened near our school last night.去掉wasGreat changes have been taken place in China in the past five years.去掉beenA tall man was seen go into the room just now.go前加to语 法 应 用 落 实.单句语法填空1English is_spoken(sp
11、eak) all over the world，so it is called the universal language.2The sweater sells(sell) well，so I decide to buy it.3A new law was_passed(pass) in China in 2010 to ban driving after drinking.4A new road is_being_built(build) and is expected to open next month.5Mum，I was wondering if you could lend me
12、 a few dollars until I got paid(pay) on Friday.6They should be_taught(teach) to be grateful to their parents，who have given them life but ask for nothing in return.7The woman was walking about outside the operation room，because her son was_being_operated(operate) on.8We are confident that the enviro
13、nment will_be_improved(improve) by our further efforts to reduce pollution.9Large quantities of money have_been_spent(spend) in searching for a cure for this terrible disease so far. 【导学号：71812034】10The palace caught fire three times in the last century，and little of the original building remains(re
14、main) now.单句改错(每小题仅有1处错误)1The meeting was lasted for nearly four hours and many people felt sleepy.去掉was2Stop making noise.The news is broadcast at the moment.broadcast前加being3Paul doesnt have to be made study.He always works hard.study前加to4The birthday cake was tasted delicious and she ate another piece.去掉was5It was the third time he had interrupted by the knocks at the door. interrupted前加been