1、上海中学高三英语周练1 Listening（第一部分 听力）略. Grammar and VocabularySection A来源:学科网ZXXKDirections: After reading the passages below, fill in the blanks to make the passages coherent and grammatically correct. For the blanks with a given word, fill in each blank with the proper form of the given word; for the bla
2、nks, use one world that best fits each blank. (A)Exercise makes you work up an appetite, right? Not according to new research, which shows that a brisk 45-minute workout in the morning actually decreases a persons desire for food. Say what?Scientists at Brigham Young University put 35 women through
3、a vigorous morning walk on a treadmill, then measured their brain wave activity as they viewed images of food. The experiment _25_ (repeat) two days later, this time without the workout. The result: On workout days, the subjects neural activity was _26_ (responsive) to food than non-workout days, bu
4、t they are about the same amount. The results were consistent for obese and normal weight subjects, _27_ (suggest) that the common assumption _28_ exercise makes you hungry doesnt hold. While this is one of the first studies _29_ (measure) neural activities after exercise, scientists still need to d
5、etermine how long the diminished interest in food _30_ last post-exercise. If you want to try the experiment on _31_, make sure your workout is pretty vigorous. Previous research has found that intense aerobic exercise, like jogging, may suppress (压抑) your appetite for up to three hours _32_ reducin
6、g levels of hunger hormones produced in your tummy. So the next time hunger pangs makes it hard for you to stick with your diet, try boosting the intensity of your workouts. (B)I was on my way to the Taiyetos Mountains. The sun was setting when my car _33_ (break) down near a remote and poor village
7、. Cursing my misfortune, I was wondering where I was going to spend the night when I found myself _34_ (surround) by the villagers who were arguing as to _35_ should have the have the honor of receiving me _36_ a guest in their house. Finally, I accepted the offer of an old woman who lived alone in
8、a little house. While she was getting me _37_ (settle) into a tiny but clean room, the head of the village was tying up his horse to my car to pull it to a small town some 20 kilometres away _38_ there was a garage. I had noticed three hens running free in my hostesss courtyard and that night one of
9、 _39_ ended up in a dish on my table. Villagers brought me goats cheese and bone. We drank together and talked merrily till far into the night. When the time came for me to say goodbye to my friends in the village, I wanted to reward the old woman _40_ the trouble I had caused there. Section BDirect
10、ions: Complete the following passage by using the words in the box. Each word can only be used once. Note that there is one word more than you need. A. rewardB. ignoreC. uniqueD. complete E. persevering AB. solutionAC. rideAD. recovery AE. brushBC. challengingBD. deadline What is your dream? What is
11、 the goal that you have set for yourself and are working to achieve? Realizing your dreams is not an easy _41_. Last fall I decided to write a new book for my publisher. Writing a book is a _42_ goal, which got off to a terrific start last October. The writing is flowing well. Then I got sick. In fa
12、ct, I got ill that I needed surgery and the _43_ was long and exhausting. I did not work from the first week of November until the second week of January. By then I was nervous about meeting the April _44_ for submitting the new manuscript to my publisher. Worried, I asked my author friends for some
13、 help, and they gave me this key piece of advice, “Lets start writing!” they all said. So I did. It was not an immediate _45_ to my depression, but after a few weeks of _46_, I got back to normal. Several people in my circle of supporters helped me make some good connections and I got the book _47_,
14、 and to the publisher on time. It was an exciting goal for me to reach, so I took my family to Hawaii as my _48_. Sometimes you _49_ your own dreams because of self-doubt, fear, or external complications. You can think of many different excuses to _50_ those dreams aside, but, if you go after your d
15、reams, your world will become more exciting and you will begin to live a more passionate and meaningful life. So, now, take a minute to write down three goals you want to accomplish this year. 来源:学科网ZXXK. Reading ComprehensionSection ADirections: For each blank in the following passage there are fou
16、r words or phase marked A, B, C and D. Fill in each blank with the word or phrase that best fit the context. In business, there is a speed difference: Its the difference between how important a firms leaders say speed is to there competitive strategy (策略) and how fast the company actually moves. The
17、 difference is important _51_ industry and company size. Companies fearful of losing their competitive advantage spend much time and money looking for ways to pick up the _52_. In our study of 343 businesses, the companies that chose to go, go, go to try to gain an edge ended with lower sales and op
18、erating incomes than those that _53_ at key moments to make sure they were on the right _54_, Whats more, the firms that slowed down to _55_ improved their top and bottom lines, averaging 40% higher sales and 52% higher operating incomes over a three-years period. How did they _56_ the laws of busin
19、ess, taking more time than competitors yet performing better? They thought _57_ about what slower and faster mean. Firms sometimes _58_ to understand the difference between operation speed (moving quickly) and strategic speed (reducing the time it takes to deliver value). Simply increasing the speed
20、 of production, for example, may be one way to try to reduce the speed difference. But that often leads to reduced value over time, in the form of lower-quality products and services. In our study, high performing companies with strategic speed always made changes when it is _59_. They became more _
21、60_ to idea and discussion. They encouraged new ways of thinking. And they allowed time to look and learn. _61_, performance suffered at firms that moved fast all the time, paid too much attention to improving _62_, stuck to tested methods, didnt develop team spirit among their employees, and had li
22、ttle time thinking about _63_. Strategic speed _64_ as a kind of leadership. Teams that _65_ take time to get things right are more successful in meeting their business goals. That kind of strategy must come from the top. 51. A. according toB. regardless ofC. due toD. instead of52. A. profitB. produ
23、ctC. speedD. method53. A. pausedB. developedC. perseveredD. engaged54. A. situationB. trackC. occasionD. duty55. A. look onB. keep upC. hold backD. speed up56. A. learnB. discoverC. disobeyD. prefer57. A. strangelyB. abstractlyC. entirelyD. differently58. A. fail B. attemptC. pretendD. desire59. A.
24、convenientB. necessaryC. emergentD. incredible60. A. alertB. restlessC. openD. specific61. A. In shortB. By contrast C. Above allD. All in all来源:学.科.网Z.X.X.K62. A. welfareB. technologyC. efficiencyD. condition63. A. qualitiesB. standardsC. competitorsD. changes64. A. serves asB. stands forC. refers
25、toD. deals with65. A. temporarilyB. extensivelyC. naturallyD. regularlySection BDirection: Read the following three passages. Each passage is followed by several questions or unfinished statements. For each of them there are four choices marked A, B, C and D. Choose the one that fits best according
26、to the information given in the passage you have just read. (A)Frederic Mishkin, whos been a professor at Columbia Business School for almost 30 years, is good at solving problems and expressing ideas. Whether hes standing in front of a lecture hall or engaged in a casual conversation, his hands are
27、 always waving and pointing. When he was in graduate school, one of his professors was so annoyed by this constant gesturing that he made the young economist sit on his hands whenever he visited the professors office. It turns out, however, that Mishkins professor had it exactly wrong. Gesture doesn
28、t prevent but promotes clear thought and speech. Research demonstrates that the movements we make with our hands when we talk form a kind of second language, adding information thats absent from our words. Its learnings secret code: Gesture reveals what we know. It reveals what we dont know. Whats m
29、ore, the agreement (or lack of agreement) between what our voices say and how our hands move offers a clue to our readiness to learn. Many of the studies establishing the importance of gesture to learning have been conducted by Susan Goldin-Meadow, a professor of psychology at the University of Chic
30、ago. We change our minds by moving our hands, writes Goldin-Meadow in a review of this work. Particularly significant are what she calls mismatches between oral expression and physical gestures. A student might say that a heavier ball falls faster than a light one, for example, but make a gesture in
31、dicating that they fall at the same rate, which is correct. Such differences indicate that were moving from one level of understanding to another. The thoughts expressed by hand motions are often our newest and most advanced ideas about the problem were working on; we cant yet absorb these concepts
32、into language, but we can capture them in movement. Goldin-Meadows more recent work strews not only that gesture shows our readiness to learn, but that it actually helps to bring learning about. It does so in two ways. First, it elicits (引出) helpful behavior from others around us. Goldin-Meadow has
33、found that adults respond to childrens speech-gesture mismatches by adjusting their way of instruction. Parents and teachers apparently receive the signal that children are ready to learn, and they act on it by offering a greater variety of problem-solving techniques. The act of gesturing itself als
34、o seems to quicken learning, bringing new knowledge into consciousness and aiding the understanding of new concepts. A 2007 study by Susan Wagner Cook, an assistant professor of psychology at the University of Iowa, reported that third-graders who were asked to gesture while learning algebra (代数) we
35、re nearly three times more likely to remember what theyd learned than classmates who did not gesture. 来源:学*科*网66. According to Paragraph 1, Frederic Mishkin was asked to sit on his hands because _. A. he could litter express his ideas that wayB. he always pointed his finger at his professorC. his pr
36、ofessor did not like his gesturingD. his gestures prevented his professor from thinking67. How is gesturing important in acquiring knowledge? A. It draws tasteful responses from others and increases learning speed. B. It promotes second language learning and quickens thinking. C. It provides signifi
37、cant clues for solving academic problems. D. It reduces students reliance on teachers instruction. 68. What can be inferred from the passage about gesture-speech mismatches? A. They can stimulate our creativity. B. Instructors should make full use of them. C. Teachers can hardly explain new concepts
38、 without them. D. They serve as a stepping stone to solving real life problems. 69. What could be the best title of the passage?A. Hand Motions, a Second Language B. Gesturing: Signal of UnderstandingC. New Uses of Gesturing D. The Secret Code of Learning(B)The coast of the State of Maine is one of
39、the most irregular in the world. A straight line running from the southernmost coastal city to the northernmost coastal city would measure about 225 miles. If you followed the coastline between these points, you would travel more than ten times as far. This irregularity is the result of what is call
40、ed a drowned coastline. The term comes from the glacial (冰川的) activity of the Ice Age. At that time, the whole area that is now Maine was part of a mountain range that towered above the sea. As the glacier descended, however, it applied enormous force on those mountains, and they sank into the sea.
41、As the mountains sank, ocean water charged over the lowest parts of the remaining land. And the highest parts of the former mountain range, nearest the shore, remained as islands. Marine fossils found here are 225 feet above sea level indicating the level of the shoreline prior to the glacier. The 2
42、,500-mile-long rocky and jagged coastline of Maine keeps watch over nearly 2,000 islands. Many of these islands are tiny and uninhabited, but many are home to blooming communities. Mt. Desert Island is one of the largest, most beautiful of the Maine coast islands left behind by the glacier. Measurin
43、g 16 miles by 12 miles, Mt. Desert was very nearly formed as two distinct islands. It is split almost in half by Somes Sound, a very deep and very narrow stretch of water seven miles long. For years, Mt. Desert Island, particularly its major settlement, Bar Harbor, has afforded summer homes for the
44、wealthy. Recently, though, Bar Harbor has become a new arts community as well. But the best part of the island is the unspoiled forest land known as Acadia National Park. Since the island sits on the border between two different geographical zones, the park supports the plants and animals of both zo
45、nes. It also lies in a major bird migration lane and is a resting spot for many birds. The establishment of Acadia National park in 1916 means that this natural monument will be preserved and that it will be available to all people, not just the wealthy. Visitors to Acadia may receive nature instruc
46、tion from the park naturalists as well as enjoy camping, hiking, cycling, and boating. Or they may choose to spend time at the museum learning about the Stone Age inhabitants of the island. 70. The large number of small islands along the coast of Maine is the result of _. A. the drowning of the Main
47、e coastline B. glaciers forcing mountains into the seaC. the irregularity of the Maine coastlineD. ocean waters flooding the mountain range71. From the passage, we learn that _. A. the coastline of Maine is ten times longer after the Ice AgeB. there are more than 2500 islands along the Maine coastli
48、ne C. Mt. Desert Island has been broken apart by a 7-mile-long water stretchD. an arts community gave way to the summer homes on Mt. Desert Island 72. What CANNOT be inferred about the Acadia Nation Park?A. It welcomes all the people, rich or poor. B. It has much appeal for bird-watching lovers. C.
49、It offers visitors both entertainment and education. D. It is a border between the two geographical zones. 73. Which of the following might be the best title of the passage?A. The past and the present of Maine B. The formation of Maine coastline C. Efforts for preserving national parksD. Tourist att
50、ractions on Mt. Desert Island(C)Many critics worry about violence on television, most out of fear that it stimulates viewers to violent or aggressive acts. Our research, however, indicates that the consequences of experiencing TVs symbolic world of violence may be much more far-reaching. We have fou
51、nd that people who watch a lot of TV see the real world as more dangerous and frightening than those who watch very little. Heavy viewers are less trustful of their fellow citizens, and more fearful of the real world. Since most TV “action-adventure” dramas occur in urban settings, the fear they ins
52、pire may contribute to the current flee of the middle class from our cities. The fear may also bring increasing demands for police protection, and election of law-and-order politicians. While none of us is completely dependent upon television for our view of the world, neither have many of us had th
53、e opportunity to observe the reality of police stations, courtrooms, corporate board rooms, or hospital operating rooms. Although critics complain about the fixed characters and plots of TV dramas, many viewers look on them as representative of the real world. Anyone who questions that statement sho
54、uld read the 250,000 letters, most containing requests for medical advice, sent by viewers to “Marcus Welby, M. D. ” a popular TV drama series about a doctor during the first five years of his practice on TV. Violence on television leads viewers to regard the real world as more dangerous than it rea
55、lly is, which must also influence the way people behave. When asked, “Can most people be trusted?” the heavy viewers were 35 percent more likely to choose “Cant be too careful. ”Victims, like criminals, must learn their proper roles, and televised violence may perform the teaching function all too w
56、ell. Instead of worrying only about whether television violence causes individual displays of aggression in the real world, we should also be concerned about social reality. Passive acceptance of violence may result from far greater social concern than occasional displays of individual aggression. W
57、e have found that violence on prime-time (黄金时段) network TV cultivates overstated (夸大的) assumption about the threat of danger in the real world. Fear is a universal emotion, and easy to exploit. The overstated sense of risk and insecurity may lead to increasing demands for protection, and to increasi
58、ng pressure for the use of force by established authority. Instead of threatening the social order, television may have become our chief instrument of social control. 74. Which of the following is NOT among the consequences of watching TV too much?A. Distrusting people around. B. Moving into rural a
59、reas. C. Turning to the police for protection. D. Holding more elections. 75. According to the passage, why did “Marcus Welby, M. D. ” receive so many letters?A. Because viewers believed the doctor did exist in the real life. B. Because certain TV programmers recommended him to viewers. C. Because h
60、e was an experienced doctor and saved many lives. D. Because the TV appealed to people to pay attention to health. 76. According to the author, _ is mainly to blame for peoples fear of the real world. A. network TVB. social realityC. televised violenceD. individual display of violence77. We can infe
61、r from the passage that _. A. people tend to be aggressive or violent after watching TV too muchB. people learn to protect themselves from dangers after watching TV. C. the occasional displays of individual aggression may threaten the social order来源:学科网D. watching TV may cause the misuse of authorit
62、y and disturb the social order(D)Human remains of ancient settlements will be reburied and lost to science under a law that threatens research into the history of humans in Britain, a group of leading archaeologists says. In a letter addressed to the justice secretary, Ken Clarke, 40 archaeologists
63、write of their “deep and widespread concern” about the issue. It centers on the law introduced by the Ministry of Justice in 2008 which requires all human remains unearthed in England and Wales to be reburied within two years, regardless of their age. The decision means scientists have too little ti
64、me to study bones and other human remains of national and cultural significance. “Your current requirement that all archaeologically unearthed human remains should be reburied, whether after a standard period of two years or further special extension, is contrary to basic principles of archaeologica
65、l and scientific research and of museum practice,” they write. The law applies to any pieces of bone uncovered at around 400 dig sites, including the remains of 60 or so bodies found at Stonehenge in 2008 that date back to 3,000 BC. Archaeologists have been granted a temporary extension to give them
66、 more time, but eventually the bones will have to be returned to the ground. The arrangements may result in the waste of future discoveries at sites such as Happisburgh in Norfolk, where digging is continuing after the discovery of stone tools made by early humans 950,000 years ago. If human remains
67、 were found at Happisburgh, they would be the oldest in northern Europe and the first indication of what this species was. Under the current practice of the law those remains would have to be reburied and effectively destroyed. Before 2008, guidelines allowed for the proper preservation and study of
68、 bones of sufficient age and historical interest, while the Burial Act 1857 applied to more recent remains. The Ministry of Justice assured archaeologist two years ago that the law was temporary, but has so far failed to revise it. Mike Parker Pearson, an archaeologist at Sheffield University, said:
69、 “Archaeologists have been extremely patient because we were led to believe the ministry was sorting out this problem, but we feel that we cannot wait any longer. ”The ministry has no guidelines on where or how remains should be reburied, or on what records should be kept. 78. According to the passa
70、ge, scientists are unhappy with the law mainly because _. A. it is only a temporary measure on the human remainsB. it is unreasonable and thus destructive to scientific researchC. it was introduced by the government without their knowledgeD. it is vague about where and how to rebury human remains79.
71、 Which of the following statements is true according to the passage?A. Temporary extension of two years will guarantee scientists enough time. B. Human remains of the oldest species were dug out at Happisburgh. C. Human remains will have to be reburied despite the extension of time. D. Scientists ha
72、ve been warned that the law can hardly be changed. 80. What can be inferred about the British law governing human remains?A. The Ministry of Justice did not intend it to protect human remains. B. The Burial Act 1857 only applied to remains uncovered before 1857. C. The law on human remains hasnt cha
73、nged in recent decades. D. The Ministry of Justice has not done enough about the law. 81. Which of the following might be the best title of the passage?A. New discoveries should be reburied, the government demands. B. Research time should be extended, scientists require. C. Law on human remains need
74、s thorough discussion, authorities say. D. Law could bury ancient secrets for ever, archaeologists warn. 第卷. TranslationDirections: Translate the following sentences into English, using the words given in the brackets. 1. 你觉得在房价那么高的时候花巨资买房值得吗？(worthwhile)2. 使我感动的是那个爱国运动员把他的奖金都捐献给了灾区。(donate)3. 家长一再嘱
75、咐孩子别在河边嬉戏，以免遭遇不测。(for fear)4. 想一夜成名的想法使许多年轻时装设计师积极参加各种各样的电视竞赛。(take)5. 虽然现代社会父子丰富，给予更多选择，但也使不少受不了广告诱惑的女性消费者变成购物狂。(turn)参考答案25. was repeated26. less responsive27. suggesting28. that29. to measure 30. can31. yourself32. by33. broke34. surrounded35. who36. as 37. to settle38. where39. them40. for41. AC
76、42. BC43. AD44. BD45. AB46. E47. D48. A49. B50. AE51-55 BCABD56-60 CDABC61-65 BCDAD66-69 CABD70-73 BCDA74-77 DABB78-81 BCDD1. 你觉得在房价那么高的时候花巨资买房值得吗？(worthwhile) Do you find it worthwhile to spend a lot of money on houses/in buying houses while the housing/house prices are so high?2. 使我感动的是那个爱国运动员把他的奖
77、金都捐献给了灾区。(donate) What moved me was that the patriotic athlete/sportsman donated all his award/prize to the disaster-hit/disaster-stricken/disaster area. 3. 家长一再嘱咐孩子别在河边嬉戏，以免遭遇不测。(for fear) Parents tell/ask their kids repeatedly/again and again not to play by the river for fear that something terrib
78、le/horrible should/might happen. 4. 想一夜成名的想法使许多年轻时装设计师积极参加各种各样的电视竞赛。(take) The idea that a person can become famous overnight makes many young fashion designers take an active part in various competition for TV. 5. 虽然现代社会父子丰富，给予更多选择，但也使不少受不了广告诱惑的女性消费者变成购物狂。(turn) While/Though modern society, rich in material resources, has given/offered more choices, it also turns many women consumers who cant resist the temptation of advertising/advertisements into crazy shoppers.