1、Section Learning About Language.核心词汇及拓展1_ n. (pl. _)架子；搁板2_ n核心；精髓；(水果的)核儿3_ n诗；韵文；诗节4_ n散文5_ n版本；(从不同角度的)说法6_ n时代；年代；纪元7_ n种子；起源；萌芽8_ adj.首要的；占支配地位的；显著的9_ n十四行诗10_ n平民；老百姓_ adj.平民的；公民的11_ n天真；单纯；无罪_ adj.天真无邪的；无辜的；无恶意的12_ n来往信件；通信联系_ vi.相一致；符合；相当于；通信13_ v(过去式_；过去分词_)播种；种14_ n樱桃；樱桃树；樱桃色 adj.樱桃色的；鲜红色的
2、15_ adj.空白的；无图画的；没表情的 n空白；空格16_ n同情；赞同_ adj.同情的，有同情心的；赞同的.核心词汇讲解1blank adj.无图画(或韵律、装饰)的；空白的；没表情的；n.C(文件等的)空白处，空格；sing(记忆中的)空白；遗忘Suddenly the screen went blank.屏幕突然变成一片空白。Write on one side of the paper and leave the other side blank.写在纸的一面，把另一面空出来。She stared at me with a blank expression on her face.
3、她木然地盯着我。If you cant answer the question, leave a blank.你如果回答不了这个问题，就空着它。My mind was a blank and I couldnt remember her name.我的脑子里一片空白，记不起她的名字了。即学即练判断下列句子中blank的词性及含义Jim was watching a latenight film at home when, right in the middle of a thrilling (惊险的) scene, the television went blank._The professo
4、r could tell by the blank look in Marias eyes that she didnt understand a single word of his lecture._Put a word in each blank to complete the sentence._2sympathetic adj.同情的；有同情心的；赞同的；招人喜爱的(1)feel sympathetic to/towards sb. 对某人感到同情(2)sympathy n. 同情；赞同have/feel sympathy for sb. 对某人怀着/感到同情in sympathy
5、with. 对表示支持(3)sympathetically adv. 同情地；怜悯地Claire thought it was ridiculous to be offered sympathy by a robot.克莱尔觉得，机器人竟然会对她表示同情，这有点荒唐可笑。I wish hed show me a little more sympathy.我多希望他能再体谅我一点。It is really a sad situation, and I feel sympathy for the people involved.这一情况真令人难过，我对身陷其中的人们深表同情。The seamen
6、went on strike in sympathy with the dockers.海员举行罢工，以表示对码头工人的支持。He is looking at her sympathetically.他同情地望着她。即学即练翻译句子He took a sympathetic attitude towards my situation._The flood victims have received both sympathy and assistance from the international community during the flood season._Quite a numb
7、er of people are out of sympathy with him on that point._We are in sympathy with his plan and arrangement._3correspondence n来往信件；通信联系(1)corresponding adj. 相应的；相关的(2)correspond vi. 相一致；符合；相当于；通信correspond to/with sth. 与某物相一致/符合correspond to sth. 类似于/相当于某物correspond with sb. 和某人通信personal/private corr
8、espondence私人来往信件the correspondence column/page读者来信专栏I think you can do it via correspondence.我认为你可以通过通信来实现。Any correspondence or information might help us.任何来往信件或信息都可能帮助我们。The two sisters correspond every week.这两姐妹每周都通信。These goods dont correspond with/to the list of those I ordered.这些货物与我的订货单不相符。Th
9、e gills of a fish correspond to our lungs.鱼的鳃相当于我们的肺。即学即练单句语法填空/翻译句子Do you still correspond _ your penfriend?The Congress (国会) in the US corresponds _ the Parliament (议会) in the UK.Let your actions correspond _ your words.We have been in correspondence for years._Your account of the events does not
10、correspond with his._The British job of Lecturer corresponds roughly to the US Associate Professor._Discover useful structuresGrammar定语从句诵读下列例句并感知画线部分的共性1Here comes the girl who wants to see you.2Rose is the person whom you should look after.3Please pass me the book whose cover is green.4Winter is t
11、he time of year when the day is short while the night is long.5This is the reason why he left in a hurry.6Whats that which he asked for?7He gets into a situation where it is hard to tell what is right or wrong.8China is a country which has a long history.共性呈现1所有画线部分均为定语从句。2句1、2、3、6、8的定语从句由关系代词引导，句4、
12、5、7的定语从句由关系副词引导。3句1、8中的引导词在定语从句中作主语；句2、6中的引导词在定语从句中作宾语；句3中的引导词在定语从句中作定语；句4、5、7中的引导词在定语从句中作状语。语法精释定语从句定语从句是由关系代词或关系副词等引导的从句，其作用是作定语修饰主句的某个名词性成分，相当于形容词。定语从句的三要素：先行词、关系词、关系词在从句中作的成分。1定语从句的分类(1)限制性定语从句对先行词起修饰和限定的作用，如果把它去掉，主句不能表达明确的含义，先行词与关系词之间不用逗号隔开。People who take physical exercise usually live longer.
13、进行体育锻炼的人通常更长寿。(若把从句去掉，主句就失去了意义)(2)非限制性定语从句对先行词或主句起补充说明作用，如果把它去掉，主句的意义完整不受影响，常用逗号与先行词隔开。His daughter, who is in Boston now, is coming home next week.他的女儿现在在波士顿，下个星期回来。(若把从句去掉，主句意义仍然完整)即学即练1在空白处填入1个适当的关系词The teachers are discussing the plan _ they would like to see carried out next year.The Chinese re
14、staurant on Baker Street, _ used to be poorly run, is now a successful business.There is a big change from the late 1970s in China, _ people began leaving China for study and work.Helen managed to go to university by borrowing money from the bank, _ turned out to be a wise decision.2关系代词引导定语从句定语从句中，
15、关系代词有that，which，who，whom，whose，as。(1)指人：who，whomThis is the stranger who helped us today.这就是那位今天帮助过我们的陌生人。Lily is the person with whom I am working.莉莉是同我一起工作的人。(2)指物：whichIt was a prison from which no one escaped.那是一座任何人都逃不出去的监狱。Julie is good at German, French and Russian, all of which she speaks fl
16、uently.朱莉擅长德语、法语和俄语，这些语言她都说得很流利。注意常用which的情况关系代词前有介词时；先行词本身是that，those时；引导非限制性定语从句时。(3)既可指人，又可指物：that，whose，asWe talked about the people and things that we remembered.我们谈论了我们记得的人和事。The boy whose father works abroad is my roommate.爸爸在国外工作的那个男孩是我室友。He is such a person as is respected by all of us.他是这样
17、一个受我们所有人尊敬的人。注意(1)as引导定语从句常被译为“正如”，也可以放在固定搭配中：such.as.意为“像一样的”，as/so.as.意为“像一样”。(2) the same as与the same that的区别：as指同类事物；that指同一事物。She is wearing the same coat as I lost a few days ago.她身上穿的大衣和我几天前丢的一样。(同一类)She is wearing the same coat that I lost a few days ago.她正穿着我几天前所丢失的那件大衣。(同一件)(3)常用that的情况先行词
18、是anything，everything，every，nothing，any，something，few，no，all，much，none，little，some等不定代词或被不定代词修饰时。Ive read all the books that are about this matter.我已经阅读了所有与这件事有关的书。Have you taken down everything that Mr Li said?你已经把李先生所说的话全部记下来了吗？当先行词被序数词或形容词最高级修饰时。The last place that we visited in Beijing was the Gr
19、eat Wall.我们在北京参观的最后一个地方是长城。This is the best food that I have eaten.这是我吃过的最好吃的食物。当先行词被the very，the only，the same等修饰时。This is the very dictionary that I want to buy.这正是我想买的那种字典。After the fire in his house, the old car is the only thing that he owned.他的房子失火后，这辆旧车是他拥有的唯一一样东西了。当先行词前面有who，which等疑问代词修饰时，为了
20、避免重复用that。Who is the person that is standing at the gate?站在门口的那个人是谁？当先行词既有人又有物时。Can you remember the scientist and his theory that we have learnt？你记得我们学过的那位科学家和他的理论吗？(4)“介词关系代词”结构“介词关系代词”可以引导限制性定语从句和非限制性定语从句。先行词指物时，关系代词用which；先行词指人时，关系代词用whom。Wind power is an ancient source of energy to which we may
21、 return in the near future.风能是一种古老的能源，在不久的将来，我们可能会重新利用它。In her class there are 46 students, from whom I can learn a lot.她的班上有46名学生，我可以从他们那里学很多东西。即学即练2用适当的关系代词填空/改正下面句子中的错误My eldest son, _ work takes him all over the world, is in New York at the moment.Lady, is the watch yours?I am sure this is the s
22、ame watch _ I was looking for. There is a Mickey Mouse on it.Women _ drink more than two cups of coffee a day have a greater chance of having heart disease than those _ dont._ is mentioned above, the number of the students in senior high schools is increasing.The bike and its rider _ had run over an
23、 old man were taken to the police station.The book tells stories of the earthquake through the eyes of those _ lives were affected.The mountain, _ name means “flowers and fruit”， attracts millions of tourists every year thanks to its mythical character and beautiful scenery.Many students got high ma
24、rks this time, only few of them are boys._The only language which is easy to learn is the mother tongue._Eric received training in computer for one year, after that he found a job in a big company._3关系副词引导定语从句定语从句中，关系副词有when，where，why。(1)when的用法when指时间，在定语从句中作时间状语，先行词通常为表示时间的名词。I will never forget t
25、he day when we met there.我永远不会忘记我们在那里相见的那一天。(2)where的用法where指地点，在定语从句中作地点状语，先行词通常为表示地点的名词。There is a nest where the birds live.这里有一个鸟居住的巢。注意关系副词where的先行词可以是一些表示抽象地点概念的名词，如case，situation，point，stage，position等。(3)why的用法why指原因，在定语从句中作原因状语，先行词一般为reason。The reason why he was late was that he got up late.
26、他迟到的原因是他起晚了。注意当定语从句的先行词是the reason时，如何判断关系词用that/which还是why：分析从句是否缺少主语、宾语或表语，如果缺少，使用关系词that/which；如果不缺少，则使用关系词why。The reason that she gave for being late was that her car broke down on the way.她给出的迟到原因是她的车在路上抛锚了。The reason why he was absent was that he went shopping in town that day.他缺席的原因是那天他去城里购物了
27、。即学即练3用适当的关系副词填空/改正下面句子中的错误We are just trying to reach a point _ both sides will sit down together and talk.We are living in an age _ many things are done by computer.The reason _ he failed was his laziness.Fishing in shallow water in autumn, _ the water temperature is relatively high, does make sen
28、se.More of us are using headphones in noisier environments, _ we may turn up the volume to potentially dangerous levels.This is the place where I visited a few days ago._I will never forget the days that we studied and played together._.单词拼写(用本部分所学单词)1If your mind goes b_， try not to panic. Instead,
29、 do your best to calm down.2I wonder whether this dictionary is available in an electronic _ (版本)3It is in bad times that we highly value the support and _(同情) of our friends.4The boy lying on the ground lied to me that he had laid the books on the _ (架子)5The written record of our conversation doesn
30、t _ (相一致) to what was actually said. There are a lot of mistakes.单句语法填空1They put me in prison, but in the end I was proved _ (innocence)2Scientists are convinced _ the positive effect of laughter on physical and mental health.3The ordinary people all look at the intelligent man with _ (admire) becau
31、se under no circumstances will he fail to cope with emergencies.4Steve Jobs is a key figure in the computer industry, and he has had a great influence _ modern life and technology.用适当的词填空1How medicine works in the human body is a question _ not everyone can understand fully.2I have seen most of the
32、greatest buildings in the world _ are famous on the Internet.3This novel is popular with those _ were born in the 1980s.4As the smallest child of his family, Alex is always longing for the time _ he should be able to be independent.5The thought of going back home was all _ kept him happy while he wa
33、s working abroad.6Although modern technology could help produce more crops, these terraces (梯田) still mean a lot to the local people _ whom traditions are of great value.7The professor always spends the whole day in the bookshop _ which he found a new dictionary yesterday.8In the morning, two artist
34、s, _ acting skills are wonderful, came to our school as planned.9When you start your journey of positive thinking, you shall meet wonderful people, with _ you can share positive attitudes.10One of Chinas six famous tea types is white tea, _ gets its name from its silverwhite color.11In China, a teah
35、ouse is a place _ people gather to enjoy tea, chat and socialize.12Power walking uses both upper and lower body strength, _ results in stronger muscles and bones.13When I have trouble, he is the first one _ whom I can receive help.14The man _ I am going to meet at the station is Professor Smith.15On
36、e reason _ Billy Crystal is popular with all age groups is that he is quickthinking and has the ability to amuse the audience.Section Learning About Language.核心词汇及拓展1shelfshelves2.core3.verse4.prose5.version6.era7.seed8.dominant9.sonnet10.civiliancivil11.innocenceinnocent12.correspondencecorrespond1
37、3.sowsowedsowed/sown14.cherry15.blank16.sympathysympathetic.核心词汇讲解1adj.无图画的adj.没表情的n.空白处2他对我的境遇表示同情。在洪灾期间，灾民收到了来自国际社会的同情和帮助。在那一点上，许多人不赞同他的看法。我们支持他的计划和安排。3withtowith/to我们保持通信联系多年了。你对事情的陈述与他说的不相符。英国的讲师职位大致相当于美国的副教授。语法精释即学即练1that/whichwhichwhenwhich即学即练2whosethatwho/thatwhoAsthatwhosewhosethemwhom或在onl
38、y前加butwhichthatthatwhich或after前加and即学即练3wherewhenwhywherewherewherethat/which或去掉wherethatwhen课时达标随堂自测.单词拼写1blank2.version3.sympathy4.shelf/shelves5.correspond.单句语法填空1innocent2.of3.admiration4.on/upon.用适当的词填空1which/that2.that3.who4.when5.that6.to7.in8.whose9.whom10.which11.where12.which13.from14.whom/that/who15.why