1、课时分层作业(四).单词拼写1The force of gravity(地球引力) makes things fall to earth.2The competition has been thrown wide open by the absence(缺席) of the world champion.3Im not bothered(担心) about the costyoure the one whos making an issue of it.4A copy of the report is available for you to peruse at your leisure(闲暇
2、)5The workman was disciplined(惩罚) by his company but not dismissed.6He said he had not discussed the matter with her.Furthermore(再者)，he had not even contacted her.7She never discovered the true circumstances(情形) of her birth.8She did none of the maintenance(保养) of the vehicle.9For each side of the s
3、ubject，think carefully and evaluate(评估) it.10He was not clear on the precise nature of his mission(使命).阅读理解ABusinessman Elon Musk says his company is building a powerful，reusable rocket and a spaceship that may travel to the planet Mars.“The spacecraft would eventually be able to take as many as 100
4、 people and their equipment to the red planet，” he said.He wants to establish a city on Mars.He said the planned city would be able to support itselfcomplete with the ability to make iron，as well as pizzas.Musk wants human beings to be able to live on more than just one planet.He wants many people t
5、o be able to travel to the red planet.“Really the key is making this affordable to almost anyone who wants to go.”“Reusing rockets and spaceships will help lower the cost for each person，” he explained.The spaceships would also be able to refuel(补给燃料) in orbit.He suggested the production of methane(
6、甲烷) and oxygen on Mars would provide fuel for the trip back home.Musk said the trip would last between 80 and 150 days.Eventually，the cost would go down.“The very first flights will be fairly expensive，but the architecture allows for a cost per ticket of less than $200，000.”No date has been set for
7、the first flight.But Musk said he wanted to send the first manned mission to Mars by 2024.Musk invited other companies to join the Mars effort，which reportedly would require about a $10 billion investment.【语篇解读】本文为一篇记叙文。商人Elon Musk声称，他的公司正在建造可循环使用的火箭、飞船，这样就会使去火星旅行的成本降低。1What will Musk do to make the
8、 trip to the Mars cheap?ABuild a reusable rocket and spaceship.BIncrease the number of passengers on the spaceship.CTake less equipment on the spaceship.DEstablish a city there and never come back.A细节理解题。根据第一段第一句和第四段第一句可知，制造可循环利用的火箭、飞船可降低旅行火星的成本，故选A项。2If the spaceship returns to the earth，where will
9、 the fuel come from?ASunlight.BGas.COil.DNuclear energy.B细节理解题。根据第四段最后一句可知，飞船返回地球的燃料是火星上生产的甲烷和氧气，二者都是气体，故选B项。3According to Musks plan，when will the first manned spaceship be sent to the Mars?ABy 2018.BBy 2024.CBy 2028.DBy 2030.B细节理解题。根据倒数第二段第二句可知，他希望在2024年发射载人的火星飞船，故选B项。BWe all need to eat，and when
10、we go to buy food at the supermarket，were offered many choice.But we often buy food thats been produced in huge amounts and thats travelled many miles before it ends up on our plate.So for some，growing their own food is a better choiceand it tastes good too!From growing vegetables in little pots on
11、your balcony to taking care of a small plot of land，there are many ways to produce homegrown food.It can be backbreaking work digging，weeding and watering the soil，but the result is fresh，homegrown fruit and vegetables，helping us keep a “fiveaday”diet.The recent pandemic lockdown means demand for ho
12、megrown food has seen a comeback in the UK.Miriam Dobson from the University of Sheffield，told the reporter that some people have been spending a lot of their time on their plots，growing plenty of fresh fruit and vegetableswhich，at times，have been challenging to buy in supermarkets.She says “Coronav
13、irus has reminded people of the weakness within our global food system.In such a difficult time，interest in selfsupport rises.”But for those with limited space，a solution to grow your own vegetables lies closer to homeusing pots.Sheila Brand lives in a thirdfloor flat in Rotterdam.She has managed to
14、 grow tomatoes and eggplants and is already harvesting raspberries.She told the reporter watching the plants grow “is very exciting：Oh its got a new leaf！”As well as the benefits of saving money and enjoying tasty food，growing your own from a balcony or window ledge not only improves your wellbeing
15、and immediate environment，you can actually grow a lot of vegetables.So，maybe its time for us all to get planting and develop our green fingers!【语篇解读】本文是一篇议论文。文章介绍了人们对于种植食物的感受以及自己种植食物的好处。4A “fiveaday” diet (Paragraph 2) probably refers to a diet that include every day.Afive mealsBenough fruit and veg
16、etablesCfive kinds of riceDplenty of waterB推理判断题。根据第二段“From growing vegetables in little pots on your balcony to taking care of a small plot of land，there are many ways to produce homegrown food.It can be backbreaking work digging，weeding and watering the soil，but the result is fresh，homegrown fruit
17、 and vegetables，helping us keep a fiveadaydiet.”可推知，“fiveaday”饮食可能是指每天吃足够的水果和蔬菜。故选B。5According to Paragraph 3，homegrown food is getting popular again in the UK recently because Aits more interesting，cheap and deliciousBour global food system is doing harm to usCit saves the time and money on transpo
18、rtationDit can be hard to buy fresh food during the pandemicD细节理解题。根据第三段中“Coronavirus has reminded people of the weakness within our global food system.In such a difficult time，interest in selfsupport rises.”可知，本土食品最近在英国再次流行起来，是因为在疫情期间很难买到新鲜食物。故选D。6According to the writer，where can you grow your own
19、 food if you live in a small flat?AIn a pot.BOn a plate.CIn a garden.DOn the roof.A细节理解题。根据倒数第二段中“But for those with limited space，a solution to grow your own vegetables lies closer to homeusing pots.”可知，如果你住在小公寓里，可以在一些家用容器里种植自己的食物。故选A。7What does the writer imply in the last sentence?AGrowing your o
20、wn food can do good to your health.BGrowing your own food can make your fingers green.CGrowing your own food can improve your gardening skills.DGrowing your own food can bring your family more happiness.C推理判断题。根据最后一段“As well as the benefits of saving money and enjoying tasty food，growing your own fr
21、om a balcony or window ledge not only improves your wellbeing and immediate environment，you can actually grow a lot of vegetables.So，maybe its time for us all to get planting and develop our green fingers！” “green fingers”表示“搞园艺的才能”，故可推知，作者在最后一句话中暗示了自己种植食物可以提高你的园艺技能。故选C。.阅读七选五Lots of people find it
22、hard to get up in the morning and put the blame on the alarm clock.In fact，the key to easy morning wakeup lies in resetting your body clock. 1 Heres how to make one. 2 In order to make a change，you need to decide why its important.Do you want to get up in time to have breakfast with your family，get
23、in some exercise，or just be better prepared for your day？Once you are clear about your reasons，tell your family or roommates about the change you want to make.Rethink mornings.Now that you know why you want to wake up，consider rearranging your morning activities.If you want time to have breakfast wi
24、th your family，save some time the night before by setting out clothes，shoes，and bags. 3 Thats a quarterhour more you could be sleeping if you bought a coffee maker with a timer. 4 If you are tired out by Friday night，sleeping in on Saturday could sound wonderful.But compensation on the weekends actu
25、ally feeds into your sleepiness the following week，a recent study found.Stick to your set bedtime and wakeup time，no matter the day.Keep a record and evaluate it weekly.Keep track of your efforts and write down how you feel.After youve tried a new methods for a week，take a look at your record. 5 If
26、not，take another look at other methods you could try.AReconsidering the 15 minutes you spend in line at the cafe to get coffee.BIf the steps you take are working，keep it up.CKeep your sleep/wake schedule on weekends.DAnd consider setting a second alarm.EFind the right motivation.FA better plan for s
27、leep can help.GGet a sleep specialist.【语篇解读】本文是一篇说明文。文章找到了解决早上起床难这一问题的方法。1F根据上文“In fact，the key to easy morning wakeup lies in resetting your body clock.”可知，早起的关键是重置生物钟，结合常识可知，要调整生物钟就要有良好的作息习惯， F选项中“A better plan for sleep”正是调整生物钟的关键，另外下一句“Heres how to make one.”中代词“one”也指代了“A better plan for sleep”
28、。故选F项。2E设空处为段首中心句。根据下文“In order to make a change，you need to decide why its important.”和“Once you are clear about your reasons，tell your family or roommates about the change you want to make.”可知，本段讲在做出改变与调整前，要先弄清楚原因，也就是动机。E项中“motivation”与下文中“why its important”和“reasons”相照应。故选E项。3A根据段首中心句“Rethink mor
29、nings.”和本段内容可知，本段主要讲重新思考早晨和重新规划早晨活动。A项与其下文“Thats a quarterhour more you could be sleeping if you bought a coffee maker with a timer.”提出了一种通过利用定时咖啡机来增加早晨睡眠时间的方法，是对中心句的呼应，且A项中“Reconsidering”与中心句中“Rethink”相照应，“15 minutes”与本段“a quarterhour”相照应。故选A项。4C设空处为段首中心句。根据下文“But compensation on the weekends actua
30、lly feeds into your sleepiness the following week，a recent study found.Stick to your set bedtime and wakeup time，no matter the day.”可知，本段在强调不论什么时候都要坚持固定的睡眠习惯，周末也不例外。故选C项。5B根据下文“If not，take another look at other methods you could try.”中省略的条件状语从句If not可知，上文空格处需要明确省略的具体条件。B选项明确了条件是“措施是否有效”，并与下文形成一正一反的对比关系。故选B项。