1、选修8Unit 4Pygmalion要 点 梳 理 高效梳理知识备考重点单词1adaptation n适应(性)；改编本adapt vt.改编，(使)适应2whistle vi.吹口哨；发出汽笛声n.口哨声；汽笛声3hesitate vi.犹豫；踌躇hesitation n犹豫；踌躇4outcome n结果；效果5brilliant adj.光辉灿烂的；杰出的；才华横溢的6classify vt.编排；分类；归类classification n分类；归类7remark n谈论；言论；评述 vt. & vi.谈论；评论；说起8condemn vt.谴责；使注定9acquaintance n相识，
2、了解，熟人10fortune n机会；运气；大笔的钱11status n身份；地位；职位12superior adj.优秀的；较高的，上级的 n上级；长官13rob vt.抢劫；盗窃；剥夺robbery n抢劫(行为)14antique adj.古时的；(因古老、稀少而)珍贵的 n文物；古董；古玩15shabby adj.破旧的；寒酸的16compromise n. & vi.妥协；折衷17horrible adj.可怕的；恐怖的horror n恐怖18disgusting adj.使人反感的；令人厌恶的disgust vt.厌恶，反感19overlook vt.俯视；忽视；不理会20fade
3、 vi. & vt.(使)褪色；减弱；逐渐消失重点短语1pass.off as.(把某人)改变或冒充成2make ones acquaintance 结识；与相见3in amazement 震惊，惊讶4generally speaking 一般说来5in terms of. 就来就，从角度6rob sb. of sth. 抢劫某人某物7show.in 带/领进来8once more 再一次9in need of 需要10fade out (声音、画面)逐渐模糊；渐淡重点句型1While watching, he makes notes.他边看边做笔记。2Will that be of any
4、use to you？这些对你有用吗？3Its raining heavily now, isnt it? 现在雨下得很大，不是吗？4But they betray themselves every time they open their mouths.但他们每次开口说话时就会露馅。5But, sir, (proudly) once educated to speak properly, that girl could pass herself off in three months as a duchess at an ambassadors garden party.但是，先生，(自豪地
5、)一旦被教授正确的语言方式，这个女孩就能在三个月后冒充大使花园聚会上的贵妇人。高考范文(2007全国)一家宾馆新开业，为吸引外国宾客，希望在互联网上进行宣传，请你用英语为其写一篇文字介绍。主要内容应包括：1地点：距白山入口处500米；2房间及价格：单人间(共20间),100元/天；双人间(共15间),150元/天；热水淋浴；3餐饮：餐厅(中、西餐)，咖啡厅(茶、咖啡)；4游泳池：全天免费开放；5欢迎预订。注意：1.词数100左右，开头语已为你写好；2可适当增加细节，以使行文连贯。 Welcome to Baishan Mountain HotelBaishan_Mountain_Hotel_i
6、s_now_open_for_business._范文 Welcome to Baishan Mountain HotelBaishan_Mountain_Hotel_is_now_open_for_business.Our hotel stands 500 meters away from the entrance to Baishan Mountain. It has 20 single rooms and 15 double rooms, all with hot showers. A single room is 100 yuan and a double room 150 yuan
7、for one night. You are advised to book in advance. The hotel serves three meals a day and there are Chinese food and western food for you to choose from. You can also enjoy yourself at the caf drinking tea or coffee in the evening. We also have a swimming pool, which is open all day and free of char
8、ge. All are welcome!考 点 探 究 互动探究能力备考.词汇短语过关1hesitate vi. 犹豫；踌躇hesitant adj. 犹豫的；踌躇的；迟疑的hesitation n. 踌躇，犹豫hesitate to do sth. 迟疑做某事hesitate about/at/in/over (doing) sth. (做)某事犹豫不决without hesitation 毫不犹豫地即学即练1(1)Dont _ that. Do it at once.对于那件事不要再犹豫，马上去做吧。(2)In case you need something, please dont _
9、me. 如果你需要什么东西，请不要犹豫，尽管对我说。hesitate abouthesitate to ask(3)He _ is lost.谚当断不断，必受其患。(4)_， he jumped into the river to save the drowning child.他毫不犹豫地跳下河去救溺水的孩子。who hesitatesWithout any hesitation2classify vt. 编排；分类；归类classify sth. by/according to 根据分类classify sb./sth. as 把某人/物归入类；分等级classify sb./sth. i
10、n/into. 把某人/某物归为类即学即练2(1)Zoologists _ them _ the structure of their bodies.动物学家按它们的身体结构进行分类。(2)Eggs can _ their size.鸡蛋可按大小分类。classifyaccording tobe classified by(3)Would you _ her novels _ serious literature or other？你认为她的小说属于文学类，还是其他类？classifyas3remark v. & n评论；评述；谈到remark on/upon.对发表看法；评论remark t
11、hat.说；评论说；注意到make(some) remarks on/upon.对评论；评论 即学即练3(1)Its rude to _ others appearance.议论别人的相貌是不礼貌的。(2)He _ it was getting dark.他说天色已晚。(3)The speaker restricted his _ to the proposal.主讲者将他的评论限制在计划的范围内。remark onremarked thatremarks4betray vt. 显露出(本来面目)，背叛，泄露(机密)betrayal n. 背叛，出卖，泄露betray sb. (to sb.)
12、 (向)出卖betray a secret to sb. 向某人泄露秘密betray ones trust 辜负某人的信任betray oneself 暴露本来面目，原形毕露即学即练4(1)His accent _ the fact that he was a foreigner.他的口音显露出他是外国人。(2)He _ the state secrets _ the enemy.他向敌人泄露了国家机密。betrayedbetrayedto5condemn vt. 谴责；使注定condemn sb. sth. for/as sth. 由于而谴责某人to sth. 把(某人)逼入(某种状态)to
13、 do sth. (某人)注定要condemn sb.s behaviour 谴责某人的举动be condemned to 被宣告即学即练5(1)The editor of the newspaper _ lacking integrity. 这家报纸的编辑被指责不够正直。(2)He was found guilty and _. 他被判有罪处以枪决。(3)The meat _ unfit for human consumption. 这种肉已不适合人们食用。was condemned ascondemned to be shotwas condemned as(4)As an old per
14、son, one is often _ alone. 老人经常出于无奈而独自生活。condemned to live6acquaintance n. C认识的人，熟人；U认识，有交情；了解have acquaintance with sb. 与认识，有交情have acquaintance with sth. 对了解make sb.s acquaintance/make the acquaintance of sb.与某人初次相见、结识某人on first acquaintance 初次相见时即学即练6(1)I _ at a party.我是在一个聚会上认识他的。(2)He has some
15、little _ the English language. 他稍微会一点儿英语。made his acquaintanceacquaintance with7superior adj. 优秀的；优等的；较高的；上级的n. 上级，长官be superior to sb./sth.在品质、级别、重要性上更好或更高be inferior to 低于be senior to 比年长(资深)be junior to 比年轻(资浅)即学即练7(1)Show respect for _.对我们的上级要尊敬。(2)His knowledge of French literature _ mine.他在法国文
16、学方面比我强。our superiorsis superior to(3)They _ number _ us.他们在数量上超过我们。are superior into提示：以上这些词表达比较含义，常与 to连用，而不与 than连用。8overlook vt. 俯瞰；未看到；忽视；不理会即学即练8(1)The house on the hill _.小山上的房子俯瞰着山谷。(2)He _ on the first page.他没有看出第一页中有个拼写错误。(3)Ill _ this time.这次我会原谅你的过失。overlooks the valleyoverlooked a spelli
17、ng erroroverlook your mistake辨析：overlook/ignore/neglect/omitoverlook 指应该注意而未注意，意为“忽视”。ignore 含有主动意味，侧重“不理睬”。neglect 侧重因没看到或没考虑全面而“忽视”。omit “遗漏，忽略，忘记”，指由于疏忽而忘记，也可表示因不利或不好而被忽略等。9in terms of 就来说，从角度；根据，按照in terms ofwith regard to, according to, in the light ofcome to terms 和解；妥协；让步come to terms with 甘心
18、忍受be on good/bad terms with 与关系很好(坏)in the long/short term 从长远(眼前)来看即学即练9(1)It is difficult to express it _ science.要用科学的字眼来表达它是很困难的。(2)The figures are expressed _ a percentage.那些数字是以百分数表示的。(3)_ money, her loss was small.从金钱的角度来讲，她的损失是很小的。In terms ofin terms ofIn terms of10show.in.带/领进来show sb. out领
19、某人出去show sb. into领某人进入show sb. around/round.领某人参观show sb. to the door送某人到门口show off炫耀show up出席，到场on show在展出即学即练10(1)The nurse _ me _ the room.护士把我领进了房间。(2)I _ the foreigners _ our school.我领着外国人参观了我们的学校。(3)Why didnt you _ last night?昨晚你为什么没到场？showedintoshowedaroundshow up11fade out(声音、画面)逐渐模糊；渐淡fade
20、away消失，逐渐减弱；褪色fade in淡入；渐渐显示出；使渐强(指电影、电视中的画面与声音)fade up渐强(指电视、广播中的声音)die away指(声音)逐渐消逝die down指(声音)逐渐减弱，衰弱即学即练11(1)The sound had _ /_.声音已逐渐消失了。(2)It was dark and the noise _.天黑了，喧闹声逐渐消失了。(3)The shapes _ into the night.那些影子消失在夜色中。died awayfaded outdied downfaded away.重点句型详解1Its raining heavily now, i
21、snt_it?现在雨下得很大，不是吗？这是一个反意疑问句，使用反意疑问句需注意以下几点：(1)反意疑问句一般结构：“肯定陈述句否定的附加问句”和“否定陈述句肯定的附加问句”。The clock is slow, isnt it?这钟慢了，对不对？We cant take the book out, can we?这些书我们不能拿出去，对吧？(2)回答这类问题时，答案是肯定的用 yes，否定的用 no。You are not going out today, are you?你今天不出去，是吧？Yes, I am. (我今天要出去)No, I am not. (我今天不出去)He wasnt t
22、here that day, was he? 他那天不在那儿，是吗？Yes, he was. (他在)No, he wasnt (他不在)(3)如果陈述部分中含有 no, never, hardly, scarcely, seldom 等词，这部分就算否定，后边要用肯定的疑问尾句。You have no classes tomorrow, have you?你明天没课，是吧？You were hardly twelve then, were you?你那时几乎不到12岁，是吧？(4)当主语为 none, everyone, somecone, no one 等时，正式语体中常用 he，非正式语
23、体中常用 they。None of the boys can do it, can he?没有一个男孩子能做这件事，不是吗？Everyone enjoyed the party, didnt they? 每个人都在晚会上玩得高兴，不是吗？(5)当主语为 nothing, something, anything, everything 等时，后面尾句的主语多用 it。即境活用1I dont think a warm winter always has a negative influence on our life, _？Adoes it Bdont IChasnt it Ddo I答案：A解析
24、：“I think/suppose/believethat 从句”的反意疑问句的主语和谓语应与 that 从句一致。I dont think/suppose/believe that. 属于否定前移现象，因此其反意疑问句用肯定形式。2But they betray themselves every_time they open their mouths. 但他们每次开口说话就会露馅。every time 等表示时间的短语可作为连词用，引导一个时间状语从句，这类词语还有：the instant, the moment, directly, the day, the year, next time
25、, the first (second, third.) time 等。Youre welcome to come back any time you want to.你想什么时候回来，我们都欢迎。He called me the first time he came to Nanjing.第一次来南京时，他给我打了电话。Next time you come, youll see him.下次来时，你就会见到他。即境活用2Do not stop _ you come to a word or a phrase you do not know.Afor the first time Bbecau
26、seCevery time Dsince答案：C解析：考查 every time “每一次”引导时间状语从句。易 错 点 拨 自我完善误区备考1.acquaintance/friend/companion(1)acquaintance熟人，相识的人；尤指在工作和事业中认识的人。(2)friend朋友；指关系密切、感情较深者。(3)companion同伴，伙伴；指共同参加某种活动或在某种情况下同甘共苦的人。应用1(1)a traveling _旅伴(2)a trusted _知已(3)a nodding _点头之交(4)a _ in despair患难之交companionfriendacqua
27、intancecompanion2. 反意疑问句的用法应用2(1)(2009上海卷)Sallys never seen a play in the Shanghai Grand Theatre, _？Ahasnt she Bhas sheCisnt she Dis she答案：B解析：句中陈述部分是现在完成时的否定句，故反意疑问句选B。(2)(2009辽宁卷)Its the first time that he has been to Australia, _？Aisnt he Bhasnt heCisnt it Dhasnt it答案：C解析：反意疑问句的构成需依据主句的主语和谓语而定。(3
28、)(2009河北唐山调研)The women carrying babies, come in first, _？Awill you Bwill theyCdont they Ddont you答案：A解析：该句陈述部分是祈使句，其中The women carrying babies为称呼语，故反意疑问句选A。高 效 作 业 自我测评技能备考.单词拼写1He saw the grey summit of the mountain against a b_ background of the blue sky.2Later he was for a short time a_ to France
29、.3The part of the arm between the elbow and the shoulder is called the u_ arm.4If she marries a foreigner, will her s_ as a British citizen be affected?5I really like the a_ much better than modern art.brilliantambassadorupperstatusantique 6The _ (改编本) of the play for radio was easily done.7Two men
30、formed a _ (阴谋) to rob the bank.8He did not _ (犹豫) to ask her to sit beside him.9_ (使人心烦的) financial problems depressed him.10This book was the _ (结局) of a tremendous amount of scientific work.adaptationplothesitateTroublesomeoutcome .单项选择1You didnt get hurt at all in the traffic accident?_. I was a
31、 lucky dog.ANo problemBI dont think soCIm afraid not DGood heavens no答案：D解析：考查交际用语的应答。对方确认一下“你在交通事故中一点都没受伤？”根据后面的“我真幸运。(I was a lucky dog.)”可知应用“谢天谢地，没有。(Good heavens no.)”来表示“庆幸”自己没遭遇不幸。2(2010孝感高中)Teaching pronunciation class to a mixed group of learners can _ a teacher with many challenging proble
32、ms.Aprovide BproduceCpresent Doffer答案：C解析：provide, present, offer都有“提供”的意思。provide意思是“供给(某物)”；present则表示“呈现(某种状况)，使经历”；offer构成offer sb sth或offer sth to sb的结构。结合语意选C。3Poor education _ many young people to lowpaid jobs.Acaused BcondemnedCcontributed Dconducted答案：B解析：condemn sb. to sth. 使某人注定要。cause 引起
33、，导致；contribute to贡献于；conduct 领导，引导，指导。4It was in the United States that I made the _ of Professor Jones.Aacquaintance BassociationCrecognition Dacknowledgement答案：A解析：make the acquaintance of sb. “与相识”。5Beethoven is my favorite musician. I regard him _ other musicians.Amore superior to Bmore superior
34、Csuperior to Dsuperior than答案：C解析：superior to “在品质、级别等方面更好”，表示比较意义。6When they got there, they found the people suffering the storm were _ food and water supplies.Ain need of Bin praise ofCin honour of Din place of答案：A解析：句意为：当他们到达那里时，他们发现遭受风暴的人们需要水和食物。7While _ as a volunteer at the Beijing Olympics,
35、she made friends with the famous tennis player.Abeing served BservingChaving served Dserved答案：B解析：考查省略句。因为句子的主语和谓语动词serve之间构成逻辑上的主谓关系，因此用现在分词。8They took _ measures to prevent poisonous gases from escaping.Afruitful BbeneficialCefficient Deffective答案：D解析：考查形容词词义。fruitful “有成果的”；beneficial “有益的”；effec
36、tive “有效的”；efficient 有能力的，有效力的。9You can not _ any little point during this important task.Aovertake BoverlookCoverdo Doverdraw答案：B解析：句意：在这项重要的任务中你不能忽视任何一点。overlook 忽视；overtake 赶上，超过；overdo 夸张，过火； overdraw 透支，超支。10Would you _ her novels as serious literature or as merely entertainment?Adivide Bclassi
37、fyCarrange Dseparate答案：B解析：classify.as. 把归入类。divide “分开”，搭配 into；arrange 安排；separate “分开”，搭配 from。11How do you know he is an American?Oh, he _ himself when he spoke.Abetrayed BdisplayedCappeared Dshowed答案：A解析：句意为：他说话时暴露了自己(是美国人)。betray 暴露；display 展示，展现；appear 出现；show显示，展示。12Though she _ for a moment
38、, she finally went in and asked to see a dress that was in the window.Adared BnervedCwondered Dhesitated答案：D解析：句意为：虽然她犹豫了一会儿，但最后还是走了进去并且要求看一看橱窗里的那套衣服。13(2010山西大同市联考)Mrs Black took the police back to _ place _ she witnessed the robbery.Athe same; as Bthe same; whereCthe same; that Das the same; as答案：
39、B解析：考查复合句。语意：布莱克夫人把警察带到她目击抢劫案发生的那个地方。“where she witnessed the robbery”是定语从句，修饰先行词place, where在从句中作状语。由于定语从句是一个完整的句子，因此需要使用关系副词，而不是关系代词，由此可排除其余选项。14You think it is uncomfortable to sit on such a hard chair, _？Adont you Bdo youCisnt it Dis it答案：C解析：uncomfortable, unfair 等意思是否定，但形式为肯定；而且 you think 是插入语
40、。15That was not the first time he _ us. I think its high time we _ strong action against him.Abetrayed; take Bhad betrayed; tookChas betrayed; took Dhas betrayed; take答案：B解析：考查动词时态。This/That was (not) the first time 从句中用过去完成时态，It is time (that)从句中用过去时态。 .完形填空 Nowadays the whole world are worrying ab
41、out a dangerglobal warming.In fact this began a long time ago. Yet not all of us seem to realize it. One day around 30 years ago，the nine million citizens of London heard sirens(a loud noise of warning made by a special machine) all over the town. Emergency services, the _1_， the police, doctors and
42、 nurses _2_ by, ready to go into action. In railway and underground stations, people read posters and _3_， telling them where to go and _4_ to do in the emergency.This was Exercise Floodcall. London wasnt flooded yet. But it is _5_ that it will be. In 1236 and 1663 London was _6_ flooded. In 1928, u
43、nluckily, quite a _7_ people living in Westminster, the heart of London, _8_ in floods. And in 1953, 100 people living on the eastern _9_， the London suburbs, were killed again in the floods. At last, the Great London Council(市政厅), is taking actions to _10_ this disaster happening again. But the flo
44、od _11_ were not built until the 1980s. And in the _12_， Londoners must be _13_. When it happens, 50 underground stations will be underwater.Electricity，gas and phone services will be out of action. _14_ will be impassable.It will be impossible to _15_ any of the bridges between North and South Lond
45、on. _16_ London will look like Venice. But Exercise Floodcall didnt cause _17_ among Londoners.Most people knew it was just a _18_ .One comment from a lady who was _19_ along the Embankment when the sirens sounded was, “Its a flood warning, isnt it? The water doesnt look _20_ to me.” 1A.soldiers Bfi
46、remen Cengineers Drepairmen 2A.hurried Bwent Cwatched Dstood 3A.books Bmagazines Cmaps Ddictionaries 4A what Bhow Cwhy Dwhich 5A.believable Btrue Cnatural Dpossible 6A.easily Bheavily Cstrongly Dpoorly 7A.many Bfew Clots Dplenty 8A.escaped Bkilled Csurvived Ddrowned 9A.edge Barea Cpart Ddistrict 10A
47、.resist Bkeep Cprevent Dobject 11A.walls Bchannel Cshelter Dfence 12A.future Bpast Cmeantime Dend 13A.delighted Bprepared Cfrightened Dencouraged 14A.Roads BPower CMessages DTraffic 15A.see Bpass Cbuild Dcross 16A.Guess BRemember CConsider DImagine 17A.panic Battention Cnotice Dcare 18A.design Bplan
48、 Cwarning Djoke 19A.living Bwalking Cworking Dstudying 20A.deep Bhigh Cshallow Dwide 答案及解析：本文讲述了全球越来越多的人所关注的问题全球气候变暖不是近年才有的，而是由来已久的。 1A。根据前文的内容可以推断出此处选A。2D。由后文的ready to go into action可以推断出此处选D。本题稍难。3C。根据后文的where to go可知此处选C。4A。“疑问词动词不定式”结构中，疑问词做不定式的逻辑宾语，指物，故选A。5D。此两句意思是：伦敦还没有发洪水，但是将来可能会，故选D。6B。所填词修饰
49、flooded，用副词，意思是“严重地”，故选B。7B。句意为：有相当多的人住在威斯敏斯特，故选B。8D。根据空后的in floods可知此处选D。本题稍难。9A。由后文的the London suburbs可以推断出此处选A。10C。根据后文的happening again可知所填词构成prevent sb/sth(from) doing sth句型，故选C。11A。句意为：但是防水墙直到20世纪80年代才建成，故选A。12C。in the meantime同时，故选C。13B。句意为：伦敦人必须做好准备。故选B。14A。根据本句中impassible(不能通过的)的意思可知此处选A。15D
50、。由本句中的bridge可以推断出此处选D。16D。破折号表示解释，后一句是作者的想象，故此处选D。17A。本句意思是：这次防洪演习没有造成恐慌，故选A。18C。根据后文的Its a flood warning, isnt it？可知此处选C。 19B。根据空后的along(沿着)可知此处选B。20B。由前文的flood可知此处选B。.短文改错When I first learned to write in English, I ran into 1._much difficulties. The main problem was that I always thought 2._in Chi
51、nese and tried to translate anything into English. 3._My teacher advised me to keep my diary. I followed her 4._muchmanyanythingeverything第二个myaadvice and should put down 100 words or so each day. 5._Soon I began to enjoy talk to myself as I was 6._learning to express me in simple English. One day I wrote 7._a story and showed to my teacher. He liked it very much8._去掉shouldtalktalkingmemyselfto前加itand reads it to the class. All said that the story was 9._a good one. Their word were a great encouragement to me. 10._readsreadwordwords
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