1、.单句语法填空1.The possible reactions of the market should _(consider) before we act.2.Most teenagers are not aware _ the bad effect of playing computer games.3.We havent discussed yet _ we are going to place our new furniture.4.What made you so _(scare)?The terrible noise outside the room.5.One of the mo
2、st beautiful mountains _ Ive ever climbed is Mount Tai.6._ a useful book you lent me last week！7.But for your help, I _(solve) that problem.8.It is reported that the temperature will decline _(sharp) in one or two days.9.What can I do if I see someone injured?You must stop him _(bleed) first.10.Than
3、ks to the workers great efforts, the construction work was completed ahead_ schedule.答案：1.be considered句意：考查被动语态。句意：我们行动前应该考虑市场可能的反应。分析句子结构可知，consider和句子的主语reactions之间是被动关系，所以用被动语态。2.of 句意：考查固定搭配。句意：大多数青少年不知道玩电脑游戏的坏影响。be aware of知道。3.where句意：考查宾语从句。句意：我们还没有讨论把我们的新家具放在哪里。空处引导宾语从句，从句中缺少地点状语，故填where。4.
4、scared句意：考查词形转换。什么使你那么害怕?房间外面可怕的声音。scared“害怕的，恐惧的”，在此是形容词作宾语补足语。5.that 句意：考查定语从句。句意：泰山是我攀登过的最漂亮的山之一。空处引导定语从句，修饰先行词mountains，因先行词前有最高级修饰，故用that。6.What 句意：考查感叹句。句意：你上周借给我的书多么有用啊!中心词是book，所以此处要用What。7.couldnt have solved句意：考查虚拟语气。句意：要不是你的帮助，我不可能解决那个问题。此处是含蓄虚拟语气且表示与过去事实相反，结合句意可知应填couldnt have solved。8.s
5、harply 句意：考查副词。句意：据报道气温一两天内会急剧下降。分析句子结构可知，空处修饰动词decline，所以用副词形式。9.bleeding句意：考查非谓语动词。如果我看到有人受伤该怎么做?你必须先给他止血。stop sb.(from)doing sth.“阻止某人做某事”，所以填bleeding。10.of 句意：考查固定搭配。句意：由于工人们的巨大努力，建筑工程提前完成。ahead of schedule提前。.单句改错1.Your performance as a student will be excellent if you develop a habit of reflec
6、ting how you learn.2.You ought to aware how risky this investment is.3.We were narrow beated in that match.4.She was scaring when she found her room upside down.5.The law prevents everyone being attacked.6. Being fine, well go outing.7.With the electric map fixing in the car showing the exact positi
7、on, the driver can drive in the right direction to the destination.8.The human body is made up of organs, each has a definite job to do.9.The moon shines with reflecting light.What a good night! on/upon10.The house was turned upside to down.答案:1.Your performance as a student will be excellent if you
8、 develop a habit of reflecting how you learn. be 句意：如果你养成了思考如何学习的习惯，那么作为学生你的表现将会是优秀的。reflect on/upon思考。2.You ought to aware how risky this investment is.narrow narrowly句意：你应该知道这种投资是要冒很大风险的。aware是形容词，必须与be/become连用。ought to后应接动词原形。3.We were beated in that match.scaring scared句意：在那场比赛中我们惜败。过去分词前应用副词。4
9、.She was when she found her room upside down. from句意：当她发现她的房间乱七八糟时，她很害怕。人作主语时表语应用过去分词式的形容词。5.The law prevents everyone being attacked.Being It being句意：法律防止每个人受到攻击。prevent sb. from doing阻止/防止某人做某事。该结构中的from可省，但如果是被动式则from不能省。6. fine, well go outing.fixing fixed句意：如果天气好的话，我们将去郊游。分析题干可知，句子的主语与分词短语的逻辑主语
10、不同，因此应用独立主格结构it指代天气。7.With the electric map in the car showing the exact position, the driver can drive in the right direction to the destination.has having句意：一张电子地图被安装在汽车里显示准确的位置，司机能朝正确方向行驶到达目的地。the electric map与fix之间为被动关系，故用过去分词作宾补。8.The human body is made up of organs, each a definite job to do.r
11、eflecting reflected句意：人体由器官组成，每个器官都有明确的分工。each having为独立主格结构。9.The moon shines with light.What a good night!根据常识，月亮自己不发光，而是反射太阳的光，应用过去分词表达。10.The house was turned upside to down.句意：房子被翻得乱七八糟。upside down副词，无需加介词。.完形填空(2016南京金陵中学高二模拟)All water, even rain water, contains dissolved chemicals which scien
12、tists call “salts”. But not all water 1 salty. Water is fresh or salty according to 2 judgement, and in making this decision man is more 3 by his sense of taste than by a laboratory test. It is ones taste buds that accept one water and 4 another.A simple experiment illustrates this. Fill three 5 wit
13、h water from the kitchen faucet(水龙头). Drink from one and it tastes fresh even though some dissolved salts are 6 present. Add a pinch of salt to the second,and the water may taste fresh or slightly 7 depending on a personal taste limit and on the 8 of salt held in a “pinch”. But add a teaspoon of sal
14、t 9 the third and your taste buds protest that this water is too salty to drink; this glass of water has about the same salt content as a glass of sea water. 10, the ocean, in contrast to the water we use daily, contains 11 amounts of dissolved chemicals;it is too salty for human consumption.Some sc
15、ientists estimate that the oceans contain as 12 as 50 quadrillion tons(50 million billion tons)of dissolved solids.If the salt in the sea could be 13 and spread evenly over the Earths land surface it would form a layer more than 500 feet 14, about the height of a 40storyoffice building. What 15 the
16、scientists curiosity is not so much 16 the ocean is salty, but why it isnt 17 like the rivers and streams that empty into it. Further, what is the 18 of the sea and of its “salts”? And how does one 19 ocean waters remarkably(显著地) uniform chemical composition(成分)? To these and related 20, scientists
17、seek answers with full awareness that little about the oceans is understood.语篇导 读 本文为一篇科普说明文。文章提到人们会根据味觉来辨别水的咸淡，并可以通过实验来验证这一点。海水中含有大量的盐分。科学家对于海水为什么不像注入它的河流一样感到好奇。目前，科学家对海洋的了解仍旧很少，很多问题有待人们去解决。1.A.drinks B.seems C.feels D.tastes2.A.respectable B.individual C.collective D.annual3.A. Believed B.convince
18、d C.firmed D.persuaded4.A.object B.abandon C.reject D.receive5.A.glasses B.cups C.bowls D.bottles6.A.normally B.regularly C.artificially D.naturally7.A.sweet B.salty C.bitter D.sour8.A.amount B.number C.quality D.total9.A.with B.to C.in D.on10.A.Subsequently B.AbsolutelyC.Obviously D.Generally11.A.u
19、nbelievable B.abnormalC.imaginable D.unacceptable12.A.many B.much C.little D.few13.A.removed B.abandoned C.moved D.produced14.A.high B.thick C.wide D.broad15.A.urges B.raises C.arouses D.lifts16.A.how B.as C.that D.why17.A.fresh B.salty C.cool D.clean18.A.rule B.origin C.base D.resource19.A.witness
20、B.see C.explain D.express20.A.problems B.matter C.situations D.questions答案:1.解析：D海水是咸的，应该是从味觉上感觉到的。因此要选择D项。2.解析：B海水是咸的还是淡的要根据个人的判断因此要选择B项。respectable体面的;有身份的;individual个人的;collective集体的；annual每年的。3.解析：B在做这个决定的时候，人们更加相信通过味觉而不是通过做试验(而得到结论)。be convinced相当于believe，而此处有is，因此要选择B项。其他两项意思不对。4.解析：C此空和前面的acc
21、ept相对应，因此选择reject。abandon抛弃；reject拒绝；receive接受;object反对，对持异议。5.解析：A从后文来判断，应该是用glass装水。因此只能选择A项。6.解析：D从文章来看，这杯水没有加盐，为自然状态下的水，因此要选择D项。normally正常地；regularly定期地，有规律地；artificially人工地；naturally自然地。7.解析：B从上文看加了些盐，因此有些咸。所以要选择B项。8.解析：A salt为不可数名词，不能用number来修饰。quality为“质量”，total为“总数”，均不符合题意。9.解析：B addto是固定搭配，
22、意为“把加到之上”。10.解析：C从上文来看“第三杯水太咸了不能喝，这杯水和海水的盐的容量一样”，因此很明显海水要比我们日常使用的水含更多的盐，所以此处要选择C。11.解析：D从上文可知“这水太咸”不适合饮用，因此为“不可接受的量”，故选unacceptable。unbelievable难以置信的；abnormal不正常的；imaginable可想象的。12.解析：B此处表示“海水里含有多达的盐”，因此用表示数量且修饰不可数名词的much。13.解析：A如果海水里的盐被移出来，撒在地上的话remove把移到别处；abandon放弃，遗弃；move移动；produce生产。因此要选择A。14.解
23、析：B句意：形成500多英尺厚的一层此处强调盐多，积累得厚，因此要选择thick。15.解析：C arouse ones curiosity“激起某人的好奇”。其他三项均不和curiosity搭配。16.解析：D激起科学家兴趣的不是为什么海水那么咸，而是为什么它不和流入它的河流一样淡。因此要选择D。17.解析：A由上文知“河流的水和海水相比是淡水”，因此要选择fresh。18.解析：B此处表示：什么是海水和它的盐的根源呢?rule规则；origin根源，起源;base基础；resource资源。19.解析：C衔接上文，此处一连提出三个问题，以待科学家解释。因此要选择C。20.解析：D此处表示“
24、要回答相关的问题”。四个选项中只有D项和answer可以搭配。因此要选择D。.阅读理解People travel for a lot of reasons. Some tourists go to see battlefields or religious shrines. Others are looking for culture, or simply want to have their pictures taken in front of famous places. But most European tourists are looking for a sunny beach to
25、 lie on.Northern Europeans are willing to pay a lot of money and put up with a lot of inconveniences for the sun because they have so little of it. Residents of cities like London, Copenhagen, and Amsterdam spend a lot of their winter in the dark because the days are so short, with much of the rest
26、of the year in the rain. This is the reason the Mediterranean has always attracted them. Every summer, more than 25 million people travel to Mediterranean resort and beaches for their vacation. They all come for the same reason: sun!The huge crowds mean lots of money for the economies of Mediterrane
27、an countries. Italys 30,000 hotels are booked solid every summer. And 13 million people camp out on French beaches, parks and roadsides. Spains long sandy coastline attracts more people than anywhere else. 37 million tourists visit yearly, or one tourist for every person living in Spain.But there ar
28、e signs that the area is getting more tourism than it can handle. The Mediterranean is already one of the most polluted seas on earth. And with increased tourism, its getting worse. The French cant figure out what to do with all the garbage left by campers around St. Tropez. And in many places, swim
29、ming is dangerous because of pollution.None of this, however, is spoiling anyones fun.The Mediterranean gets more popular every year with tourists. Obviously, they dont go there for clean water and solitude. They tolerate traffic jams and seem to like crowded beaches. They dont even mind the polluti
30、on. No matter how dirty the water is, the coastline still looks beautiful. And as long as the sun shines, its still better than sitting in the cold rain in Berlin, London, or Oslo.语篇导 读 本文讲述了人们热衷旅行的多种原因，并分析了北欧人喜爱到海滨城市旅行的原因。尽管蓬勃发展的旅游业导致了环境污染等方面的问题，但人们仍乐此不疲。1.The writer seems to imply that Europeans t
31、ravel mostly for the reason that_.A.they want to see historic remains or religious spotsB.they are interested in different cultural traditions and social customsC.they would like to take pictures in front of famous sitesD.they wish to escape from the cold, dark and rainy days back at home2. In Parag
32、raph 2, cities like London, Copenhagen, and Amsterdam are mentioned_.A.to show that they are not good cities in terms of geography and climateB.to tell us how wealthy their residents areC.to suggest that these cities lack places of historic interest and scenic beautyD.to prove that they have got mor
33、e tourism than they handle3.The latter half of the last sentence in Paragraph 3, “or one tourist for every person living in Spain” means_.A.all the 37 million people living in Spain are touristsB.every year tourists are almost as many as people living in that countryC.every person living in Spain ha
34、s to take care of a touristD.every Spanish is visited by a tourist every year4.We can infer from the passage that_.A.it is convenient for Northern Europeans to enjoy the sunB.tourism contributes a lot to the development of the economy in Mediterranean countriesC.people in Mediterranean countries can
35、 deal with the problem of pollution wellD.dirty environment affects the development of tourism in Mediterranean countries答案：1.解析：D推理判断题。第一段末尾提到“But most European tourists are looking for a sunny beach to lie on.”，然后又介绍了一些欧洲国家的气候，说明欧洲人旅游主要是为了逃避本国阴冷、潮湿的天气，想去享受地中海的阳光。2.解析：A细节理解题。第二段的开头提到“for the sun be
36、cause they have so little of it.”，然后再举例说明。因此选项A正确。3.解析：B细节理解题。此句的意思是“每年有3 700万游客来西班牙旅游，换句话说，游客人数和西班牙的居民一样多”。4.解析：B推理判断题。根据第三段第一句可知，旅游业对地中海地区国家的经济发展做出了很大贡献。.短文改错a the Time flies! This is a third year that I have been in this school. In the past two and a half years, our school had organized many acti
37、vities. What impressed me best was an activity called “Learning to Farm”. In an autumn afternoon, we were sent to a farm which we learned to plant potatoes. Having been in the city for so a long time, we were so happy to go to the countryside. After divided into three groups, we started to work. Som
38、e students cut potatoes into pieces, some dug holes, and the others put the pieces of potatoes into the hole, put the earth back and pushed them down hard. We continued doing that until all the work was done. Although we were exhausted, but we felt fulfilled on our way back home.them ithole holesbei
39、ngso suchwhich whereIn Onbest mosthad has答案:Time flies! This is third year that I have been in this school. In the past two and a half years, our school organized many activities. What impressed me was an activity called “Learning to Farm”. an autumn afternoon, we were sent to a farm we learned to p
40、lant potatoes. Having been in the city for a long time, we were so happy to go to the countryside. After divided into three groups, we started to work. Some students cut potatoes into pieces, some dug holes, and the others put the pieces of potatoes into the , put the earth back and pushed down hard
41、. We continued doing that until all the work was done. Although we were exhausted, but we felt fulfilled on our way back home.1.athe This is the first/second/thirdyear/timethat sb.has/have done为固定句型，意为“这是某人做的第一/二/三年/次”。2.hadhas“In the past two and a half years”应与现在完成时连用。3.bestmost副词most表示程度。best为最高级
42、，表示“最好的”。4.InOn表示在具体的某一天的下午用介词on。5.whichwhere先行词a farm表示地点，此处用where引导定语从句，且where在从句中作地点状语。6.sosuch考查“such+a/an+adj.+n.”结构，such修饰名词。so修饰形容词或副词，构成“so+adj./adv.+a/an+n.”结构。7.After后加being根据句意“我们被分成了三组，然后开始工作”可知此处需用被动语态，而且介词后应用动名词形式作宾语。8.holehole shole意为“洞”，为可数名词。上文的holes也提示此处用复数形式。9.themit此处指代的是the earth，故用单数代词it。10.去掉but此处although不与but连用。