1、选修6Unit 4Global warming要 点 梳 理高效梳理知识备考重点单词1phenomenon n现象phenomena pl.2subscribe vi.同意；捐赠；订阅 vt.(签署)文件；捐助3quantity n量；数量quality n质量；品质4tend vi.趋向；易于；照顾 vt.照顾；护理tendency n倾向；趋势5trend n趋势；倾向；走向6oppose vt.反对；反抗；与(某人)较量opposed adj.反对的；对立的7consequence n结果；后果；影响8state vt.陈述；说明statement n说明9range n种类；范围10g
2、lance vi.看一下；扫视 n一瞥11steady adj.平稳的；持续的；稳固的steadily adv.平稳地；持续地12widespread adj.分布广的；普遍的13average adj.平均的14circumstance n环境；情况15refresh vt.使恢复；使振作16contribution n贡献contribute v贡献重点短语1come about发生；造成2subscribe to 同意；赞成；订购3quantities of 大量的4go up 上升；增长；升起5result in 导致6be opposed to 反对7even if 即使8keep
3、on 继续9on the whole 大体上；基本上10on behalf of 代表一方；作为的代言人11put up with 忍受；容忍12so long_ as 只要13and so on 等等重点句型1There is no doubt that the earth is becoming warmer(see Graph 1) and that it is human activity that has caused this global warming rather than a random but natural phenomenon.毫无疑问，地球正变得更加暖和(见图表1
4、)，而且全球转暖是人为的，而不是随意的自然现象。2Even if we start reducing the amount of carbon dioxide and other greenhouse gases, the climate is going to keep on warming for decades or centuries.即使我们开始减少二氧化碳和其他温室气体的含量，在(未来)几十年或几个世纪内，气候仍会持续转暖。3It is OK to leave an electrical appliance on so long as you are using itif not,
5、_turn it off！只要你在使用电器设备，你便可以把它开着。如果不用就把它关掉！4It takes a lot of energy to make things from new materials,_so, if you can, buy things made from recycled materials.将新材料做成物品需要许多能量，因而，如果有可能请购买用回收材料制成的物品。高考范文(2008江西)学校计划举行英语作文竞赛，主题为We Need Advice from Older Generations。请根据下列要求写一篇作文：你遇到了困难或问题，不知该怎么办。你去请教一位长
6、辈，后来问题得到了解决。要求写清楚下面三点：1当时面临的困难或问题是什么？2你获得的指教是什么？3结果如何？注意：1.作文总词数为100左右；2不能在作文中出现所在学校的校名和本人姓名，否则本节判为零分。_范文We Need Advice from Older GenerationsNo one can deal with every problem they meet on their own. We need advice from others at times, especially from our older generations.The other day, I went to
7、 my uncle. I had had a hard time deciding which subject to major in in the university. Id like to choose English because of my strong desire of learning languages, while my parents wanted me to major in science. Having learned my trouble, my uncle advised me to talk with my parents frankly, presenti
8、ng my real thoughts. I did so.My parents understood me and agreed to respect my final choice.Remember: Go to your older generations for advice, and they will not disappoint you.考 点 探 究互动探究能力备考.词汇短语过关1quantity n. 量；数量a large quantity of. 许多；大量(可数；不可数)quantities of. 许多；大量in quantity/large quantities 批
9、量；大量即学即练1(1)There _ only a small quantity of wine left.只剩下很少一点酒了。(2)Large quantities of clothes and food _ provided for the earthquake areas.向地震灾区提供了大量的衣物和食品。(3)The government has been buying silver _ _ _.政府一直在购进大量白银。isareingreatquantities答案：提示：a large quantity of/quantities of 后可以跟可数名词也可跟不可数名词。如果该短
10、语做主语，前者谓语动词的单复数要依据所修饰名词的单复数形式而定，后者无论其后的名词可数或不可数，谓语动词都用复数。2tend vi.趋向；易于；照顾 vt. 照顾；护理tendency n倾向；趋势tend to do sth.往往容易干某事tend towards/to倾向于；趋于tend sb./sth.照顾，护理某人/某物即学即练2(1)The sort of music he listens to varies, but _ _ popular music.他听的音乐形形色色，不过倾向于流行音乐。(2)She _ _ get angry when people oppose to he
11、r plan.别人反对她的计划时，她很容易生气。tends towardstendsto(3)The nurse skillfully _ their wounds.那位护士熟练地为他们包扎伤口。tended3oppose vt.反对；反抗；与(某人)较量opposed adj.相反的；对立的oppose sth./doing sth./sb. doing sth.反对某事/做某事/某人做某事oppose sth. to/against sth.使某事物与另一事物对照或对抗be opposed to.反对；与对立即学即练3(1)He _ the proposal to build a new
12、hall.他反对修建新礼堂的建议。(2)Do not _ your will _ mine.不要用你的意愿和我的相抗衡。(3)She seems very much _ _ your going abroad.她好像很反对你出国。opposedopposeagainstopposedto4state vt.陈述；说明n状况；政府；国家；州in a.state处于状态中in a bad/good state处于良好(差)状况中staten./thatclause/whclause阐明即学即练4(1)She was _ _ _ _ when we arrived.我们到达时，她情绪很不好。(2)H
13、e is _ _ _ _ _ health.他的健康状况不好。(3)The witness _ that he had not seen the woman before.该证人说他以前从未见过那个女人。inaterriblestatein apoorstateofstated(4)She gave away _ _ to the enemy.她把国家的机密泄露给了敌人。(5)Please _ _ _ as they are.请如实地陈述事实。statesecretsstate thefacts5range n. 种类，范围，幅度，界限v. (在一定范围内)变动，变化；排列a wide ran
14、ge of 一系列a full range of 各种in/within range 在射程以内，在范围内beyond/out of range 在射程外，在范围外in/out of the range of 在/超出范围out of ones range 某人能力达不到的，某人知识以外的range from.to. 在范围内变动，包括由到之间的各类事物range between.and. 在和范围内变动即学即练5(1)The child was now _ _ _ _ of vision.这孩子现在走出了她的视线。(2)There is _ _ _ _ activities for chil
15、dren.有给孩子们提供的各种活动。(3)Estimates of the damage _ _ $1 million _ $5 million. 估计损失在100万到500万美元之间。out ofherrangea fullrangeofrange betweenand(4)She has had a number of different jobs, _ _ chef _ swimming instructor.她做过许多不同的工作，从厨师到游泳教练。rangingfromto6glance vi. 一瞥，扫视，匆匆一看n. 一瞥，扫视，掠过，闪光glance at/about/aroun
16、d/round/up/down. 向看at a glance 立刻，一眼，(只)看一眼at first glance 乍一看give/take/shoot/throw a glance (at). 看一眼glance off 擦过，掠过即学即练6(1)He _ nervously _ his watch.他紧张不安地看了一下表。(2)_ _ _ the place seemed deserted.乍一看，这地方似乎被废弃了。(3)He _ her _ _ _ as she walked into the room.她走进房间时，他朝她瞥了一眼。glancedatAtfirstglancegav
17、eaquickglance(4)The bullet _ _ the side of the car.子弹从汽车边上擦过。glancedoff7average n. 平均数，一般，中等 adj. 平均的，一般的，中等的vi. 平均(达到)，平均为the average of. 的平均数above/below (the) average 在一般水准以上/下on (the/an) average 按平均数计算up to (the) average 达到水准average out. 算出的平均数be of average height/intelligence 中等个子/智力即学即练7(1)Pare
18、nts spend _ _ _ $200 a year on toys for their children.父母给孩子买玩具的花费每年平均为200美元。(2)Economic growth is expected to _ 2% next year.明年经济增长预计平均可达2%。(3)_ earnings are around 20000.平均收入约为2万英镑anaverageofaverageAverage8come about 发生；造成；(风、船等)转向How does it come about that.? 是怎样发生的？It comes about like this. 事情是这
19、样发生的come across 偶遇；碰到come along 进展；进行come out 公开；问世；出版；被发行come round 恢复知觉；苏醒过来come to 涉及；共计；达到come up with 提出come up 上来；被提出；发芽即学即练8(1)Can you tell me _ the accident _ _？你能告诉我事故是怎样发生的吗？(2)_ _ _ _ _ that he knew where we were?他是怎样知道我们在什么地方的呢？abouthowcameaboutHowdidit come提示：come about, happen, take pl
20、ace和 break out 这四个表示“发生”的词语，都是不及物动词， 不可用于被动语态。9result in 导致result from. 由而引起as a result 结果as a result of. 由于的原因in the result 结果(是)with the result that 为此；因此即学即练9(1)His carelessness _ _ a serious blunder.他的粗心使他犯了一个严重的错误。(2)His illness _ _ bad food.他的疾病是食物变质引起的。(3)_ _ _， we lost our way.结果，我们迷路了。resul
21、tsinresultedfromAsaresult10keep on 继续keep on doinggo on doingcontinue doing/to do继续做keep sb./sth. doing sth. 让某人/某物一直做某事keep sb./sth. from doing sth. 阻止某人/某物做某事keep down 控制，压制keep up保持，维持；继续keep up with 跟上，不落在后面keep away 避开，离开，使不靠近keep back 隐瞒(某事)，阻止keep off 让开，不接近keep out of. 置身于之外keep together 聚在一
22、起，协调一致keep.in mind 记住keep in touch with. 与保持联系提示：keep doing sth. 表示动作或状态的持续，连续不断地或反复地做；keep on doing sth. 表示动作的反复，动作之间略有间隔。即学即练10(1)Dont _ _ _ such noise.不要老是发出这样的噪音。(2)Dont _ _ such foolish things.不要老是做这样的傻事。(3)I will _ _ _ until I reach my goal!我还是要继续奋斗直到成功！keeponmakingkeepdoingkeeponstriving11put
23、 up with 忍受；容忍put aside节省，储蓄，储存put down写下，记下，击败，平定put forward提出建议，把向前拨put off延期，推迟put on穿上，戴上，演出put out熄灭，扑灭put through接通电话即学即练11(1)I cant _ _ _ your rudeness any more; leave the room.我不能再忍受你这种无礼的态度了，请离开这个房间。(2)No longer being able to _ _ _ my toothache, I went to consult a dentist.我再也忍受不住牙痛，于是就去找牙科
24、医生诊治。put upwithputupwith(3)Can you _ me _ to reservation?你可以给我接客房部吗？(4)He _ _ a good plan at the meeting.他在会议上提出了一项好计划。put throughputforward.重点句型详解1Even_if we start reducing the amount of carbon dioxide and other greenhouse gases, the climate is going to keep on warming for decades or centuries.即使我们
25、开始减少二氧化碳和其他温室气体的含量，在(未来)几十年或几个世纪内，气候仍会持续转暖。even ifeven though引导让步状语从句，意为“即使，纵使”。Even if we achieve great success in our work, we should not be conceited.即使我们在工作中取得了巨大的成功，也不应该自满。Even if some foreigners speak ill of our Shenzhou spaceship, we still stick to the route of peaceful exploration of the spa
26、ce.即便某些外国人对中国“神舟”七号说三道四，但我们仍将坚持和平探索太空的路线不动摇。即境活用1(1)Jack felt grateful to his teacher _ he couldnt find words to express it.Aas ifBeven thoughCso that Dnow that解析：句意：尽管无法用言语表达，但Jack仍对老师感激不尽。只有even though符合句意要求。答案：B(2)The government should protect the old valuable buildings _ they are not in harmony
27、with the modern ones nearby.Aeven though Bas ifCso that Dnow that解析：句意为：虽然这些古建筑与附近现代化建筑物不协调，但政府有必要保护它们。只有even though表示让步的意义。答案：A2It is OK to leave an electrical appliance on so_long_as you are using itif not, turn it off! 在使用电器设备时你可以把它一直开着，如果不用把它关掉！as/so long as 意为“只要”，用来引导条件状语从句。As long as you can
28、be back before 10 oclock, you can go out.只要你10点钟前能回来，你可以外出。As long as you accept our conditions, well start working immediately.只要你答应我们的条件，我们就立即开始工作。归纳拓展：as far as “到达某个提及的地方”和“在范围内；就而言”。as many as “多达”“达到之多”。与可数名词复数连用。as much as “多达”“达到之多”。与不可数名词连用。as soon as 作“一就”解，引导时间状语从句。as well as 不仅后者，前者也；除之外
29、as good as 和一样好，实际上相当于即境活用2(2008全国)Have you got any idea for the summer vacation?I dont mind where we go _ theres sun, sea and beach.Aas if Bas long asCnow that Din order that解析：as long as “只要”，引导条件状语从句。答案：B易 错 点 拨自我完善误区备考1. glance/glare/stare/glimpse(1)glance 指快速地看某人或某物一眼。(2)glare 指以强烈的敌意或怒气，威吓般注视。
30、(3)stare 指由于生气、害怕或吃惊而睁大眼睛注视某人或某物。(4)glimpse 意为“瞥见”，是 glance 动作的结果。1. 应用1用 glance, glare, stare, glimpse 的适当形式填空(1)He walked and _ at his watch now and then.(2)They _ at each other across the table after the quarrel.(3)The children _ at the stranger with open eyes.glancedglaredstared(4)He _ a short w
31、hitehaired figure heading for the back door.glimpsed2. average/common/ordinary/usual/general/normal(1)average“普通的；平常的；一般的”，强调事物处于平均水平。(2)common“普通的”，强调常见的，大家都有的；也可解释为“共同的，共有的”。(3)ordinary“平常的，普通的”，强调没有任何特别之处。(4)usual“通常的”，一般指和过去一贯的，一样的。(5)general一般的，大体的(6)normal正常的应用2(1)It is very _ for him to get u
32、p so early.他早起是很自然的事情。(2)I plan to meet you at the _ place.我计划和你在老地方碰面。(3)Skim the passage and tell the _ idea of it.浏览全文，说出大意。normalusualgeneral(4)It was an _ piece of work.那是一件普通的产品。(5)Flu is a _ disease.流行感冒是常见病。(6)It was an _ lunch of soup and rice.这是一顿由汤和米饭组成的普通午餐。averagecommonordinary3. take p
33、lace/come about/happen/occur/break out都有“发生”之意，并且都用做不及物动词，即无被动语态。(1)take place强调必然性或按事先的安排而发生。(2)happen, come about多为偶然发生。(3)break out多指战争、火灾、地震、疾病等的突然发生。(4)occur多指意想不到的事情的发生。应用3(1)Argument occasionally _ between them.他们之间偶尔也发生争论。(2)How did it _ that they knew where we were?他们是怎么知道我们在什么地方的呢？(3)When
34、does the meeting _？会议什么时候举行？occurscome abouttake place(4)If anything _ to you, let me know.要是你出了什么事，就告诉我。(5)Fire _ during the night.夜间突然发生了火灾。happensbroke out高 效 作 业自我测评技能备考.单词拼写1A large q_ of airconditioners has been sold since the temperature is high.2Such a mistake would perhaps lead to disastrou
35、s c_.3The a_ of 4, 5 and 9 is 6.4Several cars are available within this price r_.5Many beautiful fish are fast disappearing because of the severe p_.quantityconsequencesaveragerangepollution6The personnel manager _ (浏览) down the list of names of the applicants.7We are making slow but _(稳步的) progress
36、.8Their socalled prosperity is only a temporary _ (现象)9The recent _ (分歧) points up the differences between the two sides. 10The pie is not very hot. Can you use the _(微波炉) to heat it a bit more?glancedsteadyphenomenondisagreementmicrowave .单项选择1Have you seen the paper today? _ go the prices again!AO
37、nBAheadCOut DUp答案：D解析：句意：你看今天的报纸了吗？价格又上涨了！up为副词，放于句首，句子要全部倒装。2How do you find the football match between Guangdong and Liaoning?There is nothing special. It is only _.Aaverage BordinaryCcommon Dusual答案：A解析：average在此指“中等的，一般的”。ordinary普通的；common常见的；usual 通常的。3You must _ working in the evening, unless
38、 you are sure you can finish the task in time.Akeep on Btry onCget on Dinsist on答案：A解析：keep on doing 继续做某事。try on尝试；get on 上车；insist on 坚持。4She will have to find some other work for she cant _ this loud noise any more.Acome up with Bkeep up withCgrow up with Dput up with答案：D解析：考查动词短语。put up with“忍受，
39、忍耐”合题意。come up with 提出，keep up with 追上，赶上；无 grow up with搭配。5My mother was very much opposed to _ abroad.Ame go Bme to goCmy going DI went答案：C解析：be opposed to“反对”，后接名词、动名词做宾语。6Rose lost her job again.Dont worry. There is _ work for girls of her age.Atoo much Ba number ofCplenty of Dquantity of答案：C解析：
40、考查短语辨析。plenty of“大量，许多”修饰可数或不可数名词；too much修饰不可数名词，通常有责备之意；a number of只能修饰可数名词复数；D项应该改为a quantity of。7The girl _ shyly at the young fellow from behind his fans.Aglanced BglimpsedCglared Dstared答案：A解析：glance指快速地看一眼。glimpse意为“瞥见”，强调结果；glare“怒视”；stare at指由于生气、害怕或吃惊等睁大眼睛注视某人或某物。8What is the cost of your
41、skirts here, sir?It depends on which fashion you want to buy, and the prices _ from 100 dollars to 500 dollars.Aincrease BrangeCreach Ddifferent答案：B解析：range from.to.“从到范围内变动”。D项应为 be different from.to.。9(2010上海春招)There is no obvious evidence _ there is life on any other planet in the solar system.Aw
42、hich BthatChow Dwhere答案：B解析：考查名词性从句。此处是that引导同位语从句对evidence进行具体的说明。语意：没有明显的证据表明在太阳系的其他行星上有生命存在。据此选B项。10You have made a few mistakes in your composition but _， its well written.Afirst of all Bon the wholeCon the other hand Dso far答案：B解析：on the whole 大体上，基本上。first of all 首先；on the other hand 另一方面；so f
43、ar 到目前为止。11Any damage _ negligence must be paid for by the borrower.Aresulting in Bresulting fromCresulted from Dresulted in答案：B解析：句意：任何由于疏忽引起的损害必须由借者偿赔。resulting from 为现在分词做后置定语。12How did it _ that you made such a silly mistake?I myself havent figured it out yet.Abring about Bcome aboutCcome across
44、 Dcome on答案：B解析：句型 How does it come about that.？意为：“是怎么回事？”bring about 导致，引起；come across 偶然碰到；come on 加油。13. _ he does his work, I dont mind what time he arrives at the office.ASo far as BSo long asCIn case DMeanwhile答案：B解析：考查 so long as “只要”，引导条件状语从句。so far as “据，就”；in case 以防万一；meanwhile 与此同时。14(2
45、010江西玉山一中)The fiveyearold boy _， the whole family burst into tears.Akidnap BkidnappedCwas kidnapped Dwas kidnapping答案：B解析：考查独立主格结构。语意：这个5岁的男孩被绑架后，全家人号啕大哭。前半句是独立主格结构，在句中作状语，the fiveyearold boy与kidnap之间是动宾关系。15_the people have become masters of their country _ science can really serve the people.AIt i
46、s only then; that BIt was that; whenCIt is only when; that DIt was when; then答案：C解析：这是一个强调句，强调的是一个 when引导的状语从句。 .完形填空A feeling of excitement overcame me as I looked around the stadium.At 5：30 pm, two hours before game time, I walked into the locker room (更衣室). My _1_ of school, music and what I plan
47、ned to do on Saturday night were _2_ with the simple aim to beat the football team across the field from us tonight.Approaching my locker, I noticed my teammates _3_ . Some rested on benches, staring up at the ceiling _4_ it were a film of the opposing teams play. Some seemed a bit more _5_， using t
48、he time to tell jokes. A few stared at the field, _6_ what will happen in 120 minutes.Our coach, Tony Severino, came out of his office at 6 oclock. He told the team how _7_ this game was for the season, between two of the states top teamsmy school and our opposing team, Liberty High School. His word
49、s gave the team impulse(冲动) it needed to _8_.At 7：10 pm, warmups finished, we went over the game _9_ and discussed what we needed to do for the next three hours. The sound of the national anthem (庄严正式的歌曲)_10_ that we were only minutes from the action. Our coach usually made a final _11_ . But tonigh
50、t was different. On this clear night he _12_ looked around the room at all the players and shouted, “Lets go and get them.” Even _13_ the “get” came out of his mouth, we were already _14_ our way out of the door.Outside, a few young fans reached to touch our hands, eager to be a _15_ of our schools
51、winning tradition. When I smiled and _16_ my hand, the young faces lit up as if they had just met Superman. Seconds later, the team ran onto the _17_ , moving as a mass of blue, in front of a packed stadium. We enjoyed a noisy _18_ from fans and the fight song played by our school band. Breathing in
52、 the _19_ of one of the biggest game of the year, I felt we were sure to win. I told myself, “This was what it was all about” and _20_ that it was for moments like this that I loved high school football.1A. thoughts B. ideas C. pictures D. minds2A. covered B. mixed C. replaced D. filled3A. exercisin
53、g B. struggling C. preparing D. previewing4A. in case B. even though C. as long as D. as if5A. relaxed B. worried C. frightened D. impressed6A. dreaming B. wishing C. expecting D. imagining7A. useless B. difficult C. available D. important8A. warm up B. pick up C. get up D. rise up9A. route B. flame
54、 C. plan D. forecast10A. urged B. insisted C. suggested D. stressed11A. speech B. preparation C. decision D. change12A. finally B. simply C. actually D. eventually13A. when B. before C. as D. since14A. leading B. dragging C. showing D. making15A. player B. friend C. part D. team16A. held out B. took
55、 out C. got out D. brought out17A. field B. stage C. yard D. garden18A. success B. reply C. achievement D. welcome19A. atmosphere B. experience C. expectation D. examination20A. accepted B. admitted C. realized D. recognized答案及解析：1A。我原来想到的要做的事被即将到来的比赛代替。在英语中想到的事情用ones thoughts of sth.。2. C。 be repla
56、ced with被某事物取代，是repalce sth with sth的被动形式。3. C。 下文提到一些队友在长凳上休息，一些在，说明队友在做准备。4. D。从it were a film of the opposing teams play可知意思是说好像天花板上正在上演与对手的比赛录像，并且用虚拟语气。as if“好像”，从句中用虚拟语气。5. A。 从空格后的讲笑话可知一些队友很放松。6. D。 还有一些人盯着场地，在想象即将会发生什么事情。7. D。 教练在作动员，告诉我们这场比赛的重要性。8. A。 教练的讲话给了球队要热身的冲动。从下文At 7：10 pm, warmups f
57、inished可知答案为warm up 。9. C。 热身后我们回顾了我们制订的比赛方案，plan可“计划，方案”讲。10. C。 庄严正式的歌曲表明我们离行动只有几分钟的时间了。11. A。 这一次我们的教练没有像以往一样做赛前动员，make a speech 做讲话，作动员。12. B。 这次教练只是环顾了四周，看看队员然后说道：“让我们出发去击败他们。”13. B。 甚至他还没来得及说出“get”，我们就准备好要走出休息室了，考查before，“还没来得及就”。14. D。 考查短语make ones way out of sp.走出某个地方；make ones way to sp.走向
58、某处。15. C。 a part of sth/sb一部分。该句的意思是说一些球迷伸出手来碰我们的手，渴望成为我们中的一员。16. A。 hold out 伸出；take out 拿出； get out出去；bring out 阐明。结合句意选A。伸出手。17. A。 几秒种后球队跑向球场。field球场。18. D。 球员进场，通常球迷会欢呼作为欢迎。所以选welcome。19. A。 atmosphere气氛，氛围。我呼吸着这场伟大比赛的气氛，我确信我们会赢得这场比赛。20. C。 作者认识到了比赛的意义，点出了自己热爱足球的原因。realize认识到。.短文改错I gave my hou
59、sekeeper an old pair trousers to wash 1._and went in the study to read. My housekeeper usually 2._looked through my pocket before wash my clothes, 3._but for some reasons she failed to do so this 4._pair后加ofinintowashwashingreasonsreasontime. As I was reading, I suddenly remember that 5._there was a
60、 fivepounds note in the back pocket of 6._the trousers I had told her to wash it. I dropped7._my book and rushed into the bathroom, but it is too 8._rememberrememberedpoundspound去掉 itiswaslate. My housekeeper says that my trousers had been 9._in the washing machine for fifteen minutes already. 10._sayssaid