1、UNIT 1 Wish you were here阅读“Extended reading”中的材料，选出最佳选项1Which is NOT described in the first diary?AGoats.BSand.CDunes.DPlants.2Why was their car stuck in the mud in the second diary?ABecause they didnt follow his mothers advice.BBecause the road was too dirty.CBecause the local people didnt help th
2、em.DBecause his father was weak.答案12DAWords and Phrases(教材P6)The prices of tourist essentials such as transport，accommodation and food usually increased too，which brings even more wealth to the surrounding community.交通、食宿等旅游必需品的价格通常也会上涨，这给周边社区带来了更多的财富。(1)accommodation n住处例They offered me free accomm
3、odation for a year，and that decided me.他们愿意免费为我提供一年的住宿，这就使我下定了决心。知识拓展(1)make/offer/provide accommodation for.为提供食宿arrange ones accommodation安排某人的食宿(2)accommodate v. 为(某人)提供食宿；容纳；使适应accommodate.to. 使适应即学即练单句语法填空Some animal and plant species cannot accommodate to the rapidly changing conditions.We can
4、 provide accommodation for six people at a push.(2)surrounding adj.周围的，附近的例The farm and surrounding area were flooded.农场和周围地区遭洪水淹没。知识拓展(1)surround vt.围住，环绕；包围be surrounded with/by 被环绕着，周围都是(2)surroundings n. 环境即学即练单句语法填空The hotel stands in splendid isolation，surrounded(surround) by moorland.My homet
5、own is a small village surrounded with/by rivers.Does the new housing stick out like a sore thumb or blend into its surroundings(surround)?harmony n融洽，和睦；和谐(教材P6)More naturecentred tourist attractions，where man and nature live in harmony，can be greatly impacted or even destroyed by the flood of tour
6、ists.更多以自然风光为主、人与自然和睦相处的旅游景点，会因为大量游客涌入而受到巨大影响甚至遭到破坏。例He projected himself as the protector of national unity and harmony.他把自己标榜成民族团结与和睦的捍卫者。知识拓展(1)in harmony with (sb./sth.)与协调一致；相配out of harmony with. 与不一致；与不协调(2)harmonious adj. 和谐的，协调的；和睦的即学即练单句语法填空/完成句子The relations between the cadres and the mas
7、ses are harmonious(harmony)I believe people should try to live in harmony with the animals(与动物和谐相处)consumption n消耗，消耗量；消费(教材P7)When at the hotel，we can reduce our impact by cutting back on water consumption.在酒店，我们可以通过减少用水来减少我们的影响。例Gas and oil consumption always increases in cold weather.燃气和燃油的消耗量在天冷
8、时总会增加。知识拓展consume vt.消费；消耗；吃完，喝光consumer n. 消费者consuming adj. 强烈的；重要的；令人着迷的即学即练单句语法填空Tax cuts will boost consumer(consume) confidence after the recession.He has developed a consuming(consume) passion for e down to 可归结于，可归纳为(教材P7)In summary，being a sustainable tourist comes down to respectfor nature，
9、culture and people.总而言之，做一名践行可持续旅游理念的游客归根结底就是要心怀尊重对自然、文化和人的尊重。例All these methods come down to corporate human resource management capacity.归根结底，这都与企业的人力资源管理的能力息息相关。知识拓展come up走进，上来；被提出，被提及；come about 发生come across 偶然遇到/发现come along 跟着；进展come out 出版；发行；开花come to 合计；达到即学即练单句语法填空Anna approached several
10、 builders and was fortunate to come across Eddie.How did this unhappy state of affairs come about?Her cat came up and rubbed itself against their legs.make ones way to 去，前往(教材P9)Make your way to the main hall and admire the 8.8metrehigh statue of the Buddha.前往主殿，瞻礼8.8米高的佛像。例Make your way to the back
11、 where there are representatives waiting for someone to appear.你不妨径直走向后门，那里有代表们在等候来访者的出现。知识拓展find ones way(to)找到；设法找到去的路feel ones way 摸索着前进force / fight ones way 突破而前进push ones way 挤着前进；挤过去即学即练完成句子Wild with excitement，he found his way to the railway station(设法找到去火车站的路) and then came the first proble
12、m.He had no money to buy a ticket.He felt his way to a wild rose bush(摸索着到玫瑰花丛)；he then put two rose petals in for his eyes.contrast vi.形成对比 vt.对比，对照(教材P11)The colours of the dunes contrasted strikingly with the blue of the cloudless sky.沙丘的颜色与无云天空的蓝色形成了鲜明的对比。例Their experiences contrast sharply with
13、 those of other children.他们的经历和其他孩子的形成鲜明的对比。知识拓展contrast.with.使与形成对比/对照contrast with 与形成对照in/by contrast 相比之下in contrast to/with 与相比即学即练单句语法填空She contrasted the situation then with the present crisis.In contrast with its surface fleet，Britains submarine force was relatively small.starve vi.& vt.(使)饿
14、死，(使)挨饿(教材P11)I was starving and rushed to put a steak on the barbecue.我饿了，急忙把牛排放在烤肉架上。例The new job doesnt pay as much but we wont starve!新工作的收入没有过去多，不过我们不至于挨饿！知识拓展(1)starve to death饿死starve for 渴望得到(2)starvation n. 饥饿即学即练单句语法填空These people will starve to death unless they receive help soon.The fron
15、tier station was starved for food and water.Millions will face starvation(starve) next year as a result of the drought.possession n私人物品，个人财产；具有，拥有(教材P12)I returned to the car and fetched more possessions.我回到车上，又拿了些物品。例The manuscript is just one of the treasures in their possession.这部手稿只是他们的珍藏之一。知识拓展
16、(1)in possession of拥有，占有in the possession ofin ones possession 为所占有take possession of 占领；夺取have possession of 占有；拥有(指买来或从别人那里拿来)(2)possessed adj. 着了魔be possessed of sth. 具有某种品质(或特征)即学即练单句语法填空He lost all his possessions(possess) in Yushu earthquake.She is possessed of wonderfully calm temperament.The
17、 policeman took possession of the thiefs bag.Sentence PatternsIt is/was not long before.(教材P11)It wasnt long before we were surrounded by enormous sand dunes，towering above us on all sides.很快我们就被四周高耸的巨大沙丘包围住。句式分析：本句中的it wasnt long before.表示“不久，就”。例1It was not long before he sensed the danger of the
18、position.不久他就意识到他处境的危险。例2It was not long before the news was widely circulated.这个消息不久就传开了。知识拓展It was时间段before.“过了多久才(怎么样)”It will (not) be 时间段before.“要过多久(不久)才”(before从句谓语动词要用一般时态)即学即练单句语法填空/完成句子It was five days before he came back.It will be half a year before(再过半年) you graduate from the school.It
19、will not be long before(不久) they understand each other.独立主格结构(教材P12)In the distance，elephants were eating grass，ears flapping lazily as they moved slowly over the plains.远处，大象正在吃草，耳朵懒洋洋地拍打着，慢慢地在平原上移动。句式分析：本句中的ears flapping lazily是“名词现在分词”的独立主格结构，在句中作伴随状语。例1Night enshrouding the earth，nobody could ma
20、ke out what the dark mass was from a distance.黑夜笼罩着大地，谁也看不清远处黑压压的一片是什么东西。例2There being no bus，we had to walk home.由于没有公共汽车，我们只好走回家。知识拓展常见的独立主格结构还有以下形式：(1)名词(代词)过去分词；(2)名词(代词)不定式；(3)名词(代词)形容词；(4)名词(代词)副词；(5)名词(代词)名词；(6)名词(代词)介词短语。即学即练单句语法填空/完成句子The workers worked still harder，their living conditions
21、greatly improved(improve)Many trees，flowers，and grass to be planted(plant)，our newlybuilt school will look even more beautiful.The meeting over(会议结束)，our headmaster soon left the meeting room.主旨大意类主旨大意类阅读理解是高考必考题型。那么我们如何归纳文章的主旨大意呢？例文Some parents will buy any hightech toy if they think it will help t
22、heir child，but researchers said puzzles help children with mathrelated skills.Psychologist Susan Levine，an expert on mathematics development in young children at the University of Chicago，found children who play with puzzles between ages 2 and 4 later develop better spatial skills.Puzzle play was fo
23、und to be a significant predictor of cognition(认知) after controlling for differences in parents income，education and the amount of parent talk，Levine said.The researchers analyzed video recordings of 53 childparent pairs during everyday activities at home and found children who play with puzzles bet
24、ween 26 and 46 months of age have better spatial skills when assessed at 54 months of age.“The children who played with puzzles performed better than those who did not，on tasks that assessed their ability to rotate(旋转)and translate shapes，” Levine said in a statement.The parents were asked to intera
25、ct with their children as they normally would，and about half of children in the study played with puzzles at one time.Higherincome parents tended to have children play with puzzles more frequently，and both boys and girls who played with puzzles had better spatial skills.However，boys tended to play w
26、ith more complex puzzles than girls，and the parents of boys provided more spatial language and were more active during puzzle play than parents of girls.The findings were published in the journal Developmental Science.What is the text mainly about?AA mathematical method.BA scientific study.CA woman
27、psychologist.DA teaching program.技巧点拨主旨大意类阅读理解主要考查考生能否分辨主题和细节，是否具备提纲挈领的能力，也就是能否在理解全文的基础上运用概括、判断、归纳、推理等逻辑方法对文章进行高度概括和总结，做这类题目时要高瞻远瞩，不可以以偏概全。B本文是说明文。是关于孩子们玩智力游戏的研究，介绍了研究考虑的因素，研究过程和结果，所以是关于科学研究的。B项“A scientific study(一项科学研究)”符合以上说法，故选B项。即学即练请快速确定下面这段文字的主旨大意With the young unable to afford to leave home
28、and the old at risk of isolation(孤独)，more families are choosing to live together.The doorway to peace and quiet，for Nick Bright at least，leads straight to his motherinlaw：she lives on the ground floor，while he lives upstairs with his wife and their two daughters.Four years ago they all moved into a
29、threestorey Victorian house in Bristol one of a growing number of multigenerational families in the UK living together under the same roof.They share a front door and a washing machine，but Rita Whitehead has her own kitchen，bathroom，bedroom and living room on the ground floor.“We floated the idea to
30、 my mum of sharing at a house，” says Kathryn Whitehead.Rita cuts in：“We spoke more with Nick because I think its a big thing for Nick to live with his motherinlaw.”And what does Nick think？“From my standpoint，it all seems to work very well.Would I recommend it？Yes，I think I would.”Its hard to tell e
31、xactly how many people agree with him，but research indicates that the numbers have been rising for some time.Official reports suggest that the number of households with three generations living together had risen from 325，000 in 2002 to 419，000 in 2013.Other varieties of multigenerational family are
32、 more common.Some people live with their elderly parents；many more adult children are returning to the family home，if they ever left.It is said that about 20% of 2534yearolds live with their parents，compared with 16% in 1991.The total number of all multigenerational households in Britain is thought
33、to be about 1.8 million.Stories like that are more common in parts of the world where multigenerational living is more firmly rooted.In India，particularly outside cities，young women are expected to move in with their husbands family when they get married.What is the text mainly about?ALifestyles in different countries.BConflicts between generations.CA housing problem in Britain.DA rising trend of living in the UK.答案D