1、阜宁中学高二年级第一次阶段检测英 语 试 题时间：120分钟 分值：150分第一部分：听力(共两节，满分30分)做题时，先将答案标在试卷上。录音内容结束后，你将有两分钟的时间将试卷上的答案转涂到答题卡上。第一节(共5小题；每小题1.5分，满分7.5分)听下面5段对话。每段对话后有一个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项，并标在试卷的相应位置。听完每段对话后，你都有10秒钟的时间来回答有关小题和阅读下一小题。每段对话仅读一遍。例： How much is the shirt?A.19.15. B.9.18. C.9.15.答案是C。1. Whats the probable rel
2、ationship between the speakers?A. Fellow workers B. Doctor and patient C. Hairdresser and customer2. How much should the man pay for two T-shirts?A.$18. B.$14. C.$10.3. What does the man think of the womans dress?A. Cheap. B. Ordinary. C. Beautiful.4. Where does the conversation take place?A. At the
3、 hotel. B. At the airport. C. At the bus stop.5. What docs the woman think of the movie?A. Boring. B. Exciting. C. Moving.第二节(共15小题；每小题1.5分，满分22.5分)听下面5段对话或独白。每段对话或独白后有几个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项，并标在试卷的相应位置。听毎段对话或独白前，你将有时间阅读各个小题，每小题5秒钟；听完后，各小题将给出5秒钟的作答时间。每段对话或独白读两遍。听第6段材料，回答第6、7题。6. Where will the w
4、oman go on the helicopter tour?A. Over the lake B. Over the island C. Over the city7. Why did the woman dislike wearing the helmet?A. It messed up her hair B. It failed to protect her. C. It didnt match her style听第7段材料，回答第8至10题8. Whats the main topic of the conversation?A. Putting shoes on dogs B.Bu
5、ying toys for dogs C. Making videos for dogs9. What does the man think about the dog in the video?A. It looks silly B. It looks poor. C. It looks lovely.10. Where will the man go this afternoon?A. To a park B. To a store C. To an animal shelter.听第8段材料，回答第11至13题11. What can we learn about the man?A.
6、He is helpful. B. He is good at biology. C. He got ill last month.12. Why is the man talking to the woman?A. To offer help B. To borrow her notes C. To ask her how to learn biology.13. What does the woman advise the man to do?A. Join a study group B. Spend extra time on biology C. Read the textbook
7、before class 听第9段材料，回答第14至17题。14. How long has the man worked in the company?A. For 3 years B. For 10 years C. For 40 years.15. What is the mans main problem?A. He cant sleep well. B. He eats a lot for lunch. C. Hes gained much weight16. What is the worst about the womans job?A. Long hours sitting B
8、. The pressure of work. C. Report writing17. Where will the speakers go this weekend?A. To a mountain B. To a park. C. To a gym听第10段材料，回答第18至20题。18. What issue are the scientists working on?A. Climate change B. Electric vehicles. C. Public transport19. Which country is the first one to provide free
9、public transport service?A. Luxembourg B. Germany C. The United States20. When did electric buses start running in Glasgow?A. In July 2019 B. In January 2020 C. In March 2020二、阅读理解（共两节，满分50分）第一节 （共15小题，每小题2.5分，满分37.5分）阅读下列短文，从每题所给的四个选项（A、B、C和D）中选出最佳选项，并在答题卡上将该项涂黑。AMelbourne, AustraliaMelbourne is a
10、hot-spot travel destination, and its easy to see its beautiful beaches and busy city life.Why its a great choice: Australia as a whole is considered a safe destination for international travel and because of that, many solo travelers go there. As an English-speaking country, you wont be faced with a
11、ny language barriers. Melbourne is easy to get around because you can walk or bike practically anywhere!ThailandThailand is great for solo travelersperhaps because it is one of the Buddhist mindsets, which promotes equality among the sexes.Why its a great choice: Thailand is known for its friendly a
12、tmosphere, and as a travel hotspot, there are plenty of chances to meet other like-minded travelers. It is also well known for being very cheap, especially in the north. Thailand has a lot to offer, from the party-central Bangkok to beautiful beaches and tropical（热带）jungle.Hong Kong, ChinaHong Kong
13、is a great place to relax for solo travelers as it is full of “Zen moments”, such as beautiful gardens and Tai Chi classes.Why its a great choice: Hong Kong is regarded as one of the safest cities in the world. If youre not well-traveled, or perhaps a bit tired of things like language barriers, Hong
14、 Kong is a great place to start, as it mixes both Eastern and Western at the same time.Bali, IndonesiaBali is a spiritual place with yoga, spas, healthy food and beaches. The combination of friendly people and splendidly visual culture has made Bali Indonesia a number one tourist attraction.Why its
15、so great: You wont be the only solo traveler in Bali. Everyone is known for being extremely friendly and youre sure to meet some amazing characters along the way. As a Hindu island, Bali is the perfect place for a relaxing and spiritual retreat(静修). The Sacred Monkey Forest in Ubud is fantastic if y
16、ou like monkeys, anyway.1. Where can you enjoy both convenient transport and beautiful beaches?A. Melbourne, Australia.B. Thailand.C. Hong Kong, China.D. Bali, Indonesia.2. What do the four places have in common according to the text?A. Theyre cheap to travel around.B. Theyre great for solo traveler
17、s.C. They offer good spas and yoga.D. Therere no language barriers.3. What type of writing is this text?A. A travel journal.B. A business report.C. A travel guide.D. A newspaper advertisement.【答案】1. A 2. B 3. C【解析】【分析】本文是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了墨尔本，泰国，香港和巴厘岛四个地方的旅行特色。【1题详解】细节理解题。根据Melbourne, Australia部分中“Melbo
18、urne, Australia.easy to see why with its beautiful beaches.easy to get around because you can walk or bike practically anywhere!”可知，在澳大利亚的墨尔本既能看到美丽的海滩，又能享受到自由方便的出行。故选A。【2题详解】细节理解题。根据关键句“Melbourne, Australiaand because of that, many solo travelers go there.”“Thailand is great for solo travelers”“Hong
19、 Kong is a great place to relax for solo travelers as it is full of Zen moments,”和“Bali, Indonesia.You wont be the only solo traveler in Bali.”可知，这四个地方的共同之处是都适合个人独自旅行。故选B。【3题详解】推理判断题。这篇短文主要介绍了墨尔本，泰国，香港和巴厘岛四个地方的旅行特色，据此可知这应该是一份有关旅行方面的指导说明。故选C。BWe had just begun breakfast on September 16, 2018, when we
20、 received the radio call, saying a flood pulse was coming in 30 minutes.Photo assistant Jeff and I (a photographer) camped some 6, 890 feet below ground with a Russian caving team. Wed been underground for 11 days in the deepest known cave in the world: the Veryovkina system.Flood pulses a sudden ac
21、cumulation of water bursts through any opening it meets happen often in caves, so at first we werent concerned. We continued with our breakfast. Suddenly, it sounded as if a train were about to crash through camp. Everyone stood open-mouthed staring upward. An enormous torrent (奔流) rushed past our c
22、amp and went deeper into the cave. We waited to see how it would develop, as sometimes flood pulses pass quickly.Before long, Petr, a Russian caver, noticed gurgling from a deep hole. When he inspected it, his white face said it all: the water was rising. We had to act fast. We hurriedly put on dry
23、suits and climbing gear over the only base layers we wore. I grabbed the memory cards from the camera, leaving the rest behind. We climbed ropes hanging through shafts (通风井) that had become raging waterfalls. I was in the lead, followed by Jeff. We reached a temporary camp where we could wait safely
24、. Only one caver appeared, others still missing. Worried, we continued on to the next camp and waited. Luckily everyone appeared, though Petrs knee was badly injured. We waited 16 hours there because of the harsh conditions. We didnt take off anything, in case anything happened. Finally, the flood d
25、ied down. Jeff and I sent the injured Petr to the next camp, while the others went back down, trying to save what they could from below. It took us four days back. My senses are usually heightened after I am back from a caving trip. But this time, everything seemed strangely dampened. But I had neve
26、r felt more relieved.4. Which of the following is true according to the passage?A. Though Petr got injured, every member arrived at the camp.B. Back on the surface, I felt quite worried and exhausted.C. With the water rising quickly, I hesitantly climbed up.D. All members went to search for lost ite
27、ms after the flood.5. What can we infer from the passage?A. To relieve his burden, the author threw away all equipment.B. The team didnt take the flood pulse warning seriously at first.C. Knowing they were safe, the team members took off their suits.D. After the narrow escape, the author felt the sa
28、me as before.6. How did the author feel at the end?A. Scared.B. Alert.C. Worried.D. Relaxed.7. Which is the best title of the passage?A. The deepest known cave in the worldB. My experience in climbing cavesC. Cave escape in a flood pulseD. Never underestimate flood pulses【答案】4. A 5. B 6. D 7. C【解析】【
29、分析】本文是一篇记叙文。文章讲述了作者在一次洞穴探险中经历洪水的故事。【4题详解】细节理解题。根据倒数第二段中的“Luckily everyone appeared, though Petrs knee was badly injured.(幸运的是每个人都出现了，尽管彼得的膝盖受了重伤)”可知，虽然彼得受伤了，但每个成员都到达了营地。故选A。【5题详解】推理判断题。根据第三段中的“Flood pulses a sudden accumulation of water bursts through any opening it meets happen often in caves, so a
30、t first we werent concerned.(洪水脉冲一种突然聚集的水从任何开口溢出的现象经常发生在洞穴中，所以一开始我们并不担心)”可推知，团队一开始没有认真对待洪水脉冲预警。故选B。【6题详解】细节理解题。根据最后一段中的“My senses are usually heightened after I am back from a caving trip. But this time, everything seemed strangely dampened. But I had never felt more relieved.(从洞穴探险回来后，我的感官通常会更加敏锐。但
31、奇怪的是，这一次，一切似乎都被压抑了。但我从来没有像现在这样松过一口气)”可知，作者在最后的感觉是很放松。故选D。【7题详解】主旨大意题。根据第三段中的“Flood pulses a sudden accumulation of water bursts through any opening it meets happen often in caves, so at first we werent concerned.(洪水脉冲一种突然聚集的水从任何开口溢出的现象经常发生在洞穴中，所以一开始我们并不担心)”可知，作者和探险队员们一开始没有认真对待洪水脉冲预警，当发现不对劲时，不得不艰难逃生。
32、由此可知，本文主要描述了一次洪水脉冲下的洞穴逃生经历。Cave escape in a flood pulse(洪水脉冲下的洞穴逃生)适合作为本文最佳标题。故选C。CFaced with a declining population and shrinking workforce, Japan has been increasingly turning to robots for help. Over the years, the androids have been employed to perform a large number of human tasks, including bu
33、ilding products and providing care and companionship for the elderly. The latest addition to the Japanese “workforce” may be Model-T. Designed by Telexistence Inc., this seven-foot-tall robot is currently undergoing trials restocking (补充货源) sandwiches, drinks, and ready meals on shelves at select lo
34、cations of local convenience store chains Lawson and FamilyMart.Telexistence has received funding from technology investment company Softbank Group and cell phone service operator KDDI in Japan, with overseas investors including European passenger aircraft maker Airbus Ventures. It named its robot M
35、odel-T, a nod to the Ford Motor car that began the age of mass motoring a century ago.Compared with the warehouse robots being used by companies like Walmart and Amazon, which are only able to accomplish single, repetitive tasks, Model-T has a much wider range of movement and can be used to restock
36、objects of various sizes, making it ideal for convenience and grocery stores.“It is able to grasp or pick and place objects of several different shapes and sizes into different locations,” Matt Komatsu, head of business development and operations at Telexistence Inc., told CNN Business. However, Mod
37、el-T is not autonomous. Instead, it is operated by human “pilots” wearing a virtual reality(VR) headset and special gloves, which allow them to feel the product the robot is holding in their hands and guide it to the right shelf. Since the video connection between the robot and the human operator ha
38、s a mere 50 milliseconds delay, the navigation (导航) process is smooth. Telexistence says the VR-controlled androids areeasier to develop and maintain. They are also ten times cheaper than autonomous robots, which require complex programmingThough Model-T appears to have passed the trials, it is not
39、quite ready to enter the labor force. Besides being a lot slower than human labour, it is also only capable of lifting packaged items, and cannot grasp loose items such as fruits and vegetables. Telexistence hopes to introduce a faster Model-T within the next two years.8. What is the main driving fa
40、ctor for the invention of Model-T?A. The demands of senior citizens.B. The development of technology.C. The shortage of labour force.D. The appeal of convenience stores.9. Whats the hidden message behind the name Model-T?A. It is an updated version of Ford Motor.B. It may create a new age like Ford
41、Motor.C. Its bond with Ford Motor is inseparable.D. Its design is as fashionable as Ford Motor.10. What can we learn about Model-T according to Paragraph 4?A. It doesnt need maintenance.B. It performs tasks automatically.C. It requires complex programming.D. It depends largely on humans operation.11
42、. What does the last paragraph mainly discuss about Model-T?A. Its limitations.B. Its advantages.C. Its applications.D. Its functions.【答案】8. C 9. B 10. D 11. A【解析】【分析】本文是一篇说明文。主要介绍了日本机器人Model-T的一些信息。【8题详解】细节理解题。根据第一段“Faced with a declining population and shrinking workforce, Japan has been increasin
43、gly turning to robots for help（面对人口的下降和劳动力的减少，日本已经越来越多地转向机器人寻求帮助）”以及“The latest addition to the Japanese “workforce” may be Model-T（日本劳动力的最新成员可能是Model-T）”可知，Model-T研发的主要原因是缺少劳动力，故选择C项。【9题详解】推理判断题。根据第二段最后一句“It named its robot Model-T, a nod to the Ford Motor car that began the age of mass motoring a
44、century ago（它把它的机器人命名为Model-T，是对一个世纪前开创了大规模汽车时代的福特汽车的致敬）”可知，其命名机器人为Model-T，意寓着，Model-T可以像福特一样开创一个新时代，故选择B 项。【10题详解】推理判断题。根据第四段中“However, Model-T is not autonomous. Instead, it is operated by human “pilots” wearing a virtual reality(VR) headset and special gloves, which allow them to feel the product
45、 the robot is holding in their hands and guide it to the right shelf.（然而，Model-T不是自动的，相反，它是由带着虚拟现实耳机和特殊手套的人类“飞行员”来进行操作的，这可以让他们感觉到机器人手中拿着的产品，并引导它到正确的架子上。）”可知，Model-T主要依靠于人类的操作，故选择D项。【11题详解】主旨大意题。根据最后一段前两句“Though Model-T appears to have passed the trials, it is not quite ready to enter the labor force
46、. Besides being a lot slower than human labour, it is also only capable of lifting packaged items, and cannot grasp loose items such as fruits and vegetables（尽管Model-T似乎已经通过了测试，它还没有完全准备好进入劳动力大军。除了比人类劳动力慢得多，它也只能举起包装好的物品，不能抓住零散的物品，如水果和蔬菜。）”可知，本段主要介绍的是Model-T的局限性，故选择A项。DDodder is an unusual and unwante
47、d plant that attacked other plants. Except for its flower, the plant looks like spaghetti, a kind of noodles in the shape of long thin pieces that look like string when they are cooked. Its almost leafless, thread-like stems hang down on top of other plants that dodder needs to stay alive. Dodder do
48、es not produce its own food. Instead, it steals food from other plants. It feeds by sucking juices from the plant which is wrapped around, often making its host very weak or even killing it.Dodder can find other plants by their smell. When a young dodder plant starts growing, it follows the smell of
49、 plants it prefers, like tomato plants, potato plants, or other farm crops. Unlike most plants that usually grow in the direction of light or warmth, a dodder plant will grow in the direction of , for example, tomato smell-if a tomato happens to be growing nearby.However a young dodder plant must fi
50、nd a host plant quickly. It no longer needs its root once it is attached to the host and wrapped around it. If it cannot catch a smell of potential host within a few days, it will dry up and vanish even if there is plenty of water around. Once it finds a host, the young dodder plant will attach itse
51、lf to it and start growing faster. At that point the dodder plant will drop its root.Dodder is thus a difficult weed to manage and a real headache for farmers. When it does get out of hand, dodder can greatly reduce a farmers harvest or even destroy crops completely. Before sowing their produce, esp
52、ecially farmers in warm parts of the world often check to make sure no unwanted dodder seeds have mixed with their crop seeds. This is a good way to stop dodder plants from making their way to a crop field secretly.12. Why does the author mention spaghetti in the first paragraph?A. To analyze the co
53、ntent of some food.B. To introduce the topic of this passage.C. To tell the usage of the dodder plants.D. To describe the shape of dodder plants.13. What does the underlined word “vanish” in the third paragraph mean?A. invadeB. growC. escapeD. disappear14. What can be inferred from the passage?A. Do
54、dder doesnt produce its own food.B. Dodder gives off smell to attract plants.C. Dodder can affect farmers income.D. Dodder can only survive in the shade.15. What is the purpose of the passage?A. To introduce a new variety of farm crops.B. To introduce plants that are harmful to humans.C. To introduc
55、e the special abilities of a dangerous plant.D. To introduce recent improvements in farming methods.【答案】12. D 13. D 14. C 15. C【解析】【分析】试题分析：这是一篇说明文。主要介绍了寄生一种植物菟丝子，包括其特殊生长习性以及对农作物的危害。【12题详解】推理判断题。由第一段的“Except for its flowers, the plant looks like spaghetti, a kind of noodles in the shape of long thin
56、 pieces that look like string when they are cooked.”可推断，作者把菟丝子和意大利面条相比是用人们熟悉的东西来说明它的形状，故选D。【13题详解】词义猜测题。由画线词所在句“If it cannot catch a smell of a potential host within a few days, it will dry up”可知，菟丝子如果不能很快找到可以寄生的植物，它就会变干，因此推断即使周围有许多水它也会消失死亡。故画线词“vanish”与D项disappear“消失”意义相近。故选D。【14题详解】推理判断题。由最后一段“Whe
57、n it does get out of hand, dodder can greatly reduce a farmers harvest or even destroy crops completely.”可知，当菟丝子失去控制，也就是疯狂的生长，菟丝子可以极大减少农民的收成，甚至完全摧毁庄稼。因此推断菟丝子会影响农民们的收入。故选C。【15题详解】推理判断题。由第一段的“Dodder is an unusual and unwanted plant that attacks other plants.”和下文对菟丝子特殊的生长习性和危害的叙述可知，文章的写作目的是主要介绍这种特殊又有危害
58、的植物菟丝子。故选C。【点睛】词义猜测题主要考查考生根据上下文推测词义和语义的指代等，突出考查根据上下文语境进行分析和把握的能力。考查的内容主要有猜测某个生词、熟词生义、短语或句子的意思以及猜测代词的指代等，要求在理解原文表面文字信息的基础上，做出一定的推理判断，从而得出文章的隐含意义和深层意义。例如小题2，由画线词所在句“If it cannot catch a smell of a potential host within a few days, it will dry up and vanish even if there is plenty of water around. ”可知，
59、菟丝子如果不能很快找到可以攀附的植物，它就会变干，因此推断即使周围有许多水它也会消失死亡。故画线词“vanish”与D项disappear“消失”意义相近。故选D。第二节（共5小题，每小题2.5分，满分12.5分）阅读下面短文，从短文后的选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。 Maybe youre a young scientist wanting to make an influence on the world, or a more seasoned veteran of scientific study who is curious about how to ge
60、t better at your job. Either way, there are several key steps to developing your ability to make positive contributions to the world.Experiment with new ideas. An important part of scientific discovery is the result of hard work and luck. Luck has frequently played a large role in scientific discove
61、ry. _16_ You never know when experimentation and luck will collide (碰撞) to create an important discovery.Be open to failure. You may think a scientist should be smart, skilled in mathematics, and precise. _17_ Being a scientist is 90% failure and 10% success.Take charge of your ideas. Challenge your
62、self to come up with one idea related to your project a day._18_ As a scientist in a competitive field, you need to create your own opportunities by owning your ideas and working hard to develop them further.Practice your writing skills._19_ Try to do a little writing every day and put your ideas or
63、 thoughts down on the page so you get into the habit of recording your ideas, which could later end up in a published paper or in a lecture about your latest scientific theory._20_ Though hard work is necessary to being a good scientist, its important to strike a balance between professional work an
64、d personal downtime. Dont let yourself get burnt out.A. Keep a balance between hard work and rest.B. So, dont be afraid to play around with new ideas.C. You will do better work if you work with someone else.D. Create a writing process that works for you and stick to it.E. You should be open to the s
65、olutions made by others in the field.F. Though some of them will be bad, many could lead to a new experiment or theory.G. However, an important quality a good scientist should have is a willingness to fail.【答案】16. B 17. G 18. F 19. D 20. A【解析】【分析】本文是一篇说明文。主要讲述的是有几个关键的方法来提高对世界做出积极贡献的能力。【16题详解】根据中心句“E
66、xperiment with new ideas.”（尝试新想法）可知，B项：So, dont be afraid to play around with new ideas（所以，不要害怕尝试新的想法）符合语境，选项中的“new ideas”和中心句原词对应，且和上句“Luck has frequently played a large role in scientific discovery. ”（运气在科学发现中经常扮演重要角色）构成因果关系。故选B项。【17题详解】根据设空处下文“Being a scientist is 90% failure and 10% success.”（作为
67、一个科学家，失败占90%成功占10%）可知，G项：However, an important quality a good scientist should have is a willingness to fail（然而，一个优秀的科学家应该具备的一个重要品质是愿意失败）符合语境，选项中的“fail”和后句中的“failure”对应，且和上句“You may think a scientist should be smart, skilled in mathematics, and precise”（你可能认为科学家应该聪明，擅长数学，而且精确）构成转折关系。故选G项。【18题详解】根据中心
68、句“Take charge of your ideas.”（对你的想法负责）可知，F项：Though some of them will be bad, many could lead to a new experiment or theory.（虽然其中一些是不好的，但许多可能会导致一个新的实验或理论）符合语境，选项中的“some of them”呼应中心句“new ideas”，且和后句“As a scientist in a competitive field, you need to create your own opportunities by owning your ideas
69、and working hard to develop them further.”（作为竞争领域的科学家，你需要通过拥有自己的想法并努力进一步发展它们来创造自己的机会）构成递进关系。故选F项。【19题详解】根据中心句“Practice your writing skills.”（练习你的写作技巧）可知，D项：Create a writing process that works for you and stick to it.（创造一个适合自己的写作过程，并坚持下去）符合语境，是对练习写作技能的延伸，writing是关键词。故选D项。【20题详解】空处为本段中心句。根据后句“Though h
70、ard work is necessary to being a good scientist, its important to strike a balance between professional work and personal downtime. Dont let yourself get burnt out.”（虽然成为一名优秀的科学家必须努力工作，但在专业工作和个人休息时间之间取得平衡也很重要。不要让自己筋疲力尽。可知努力工作和休息之间保持平衡）可知，本段主要讨论要平衡工作和休息。A项：Keep a balance between hard work and rest.（努
71、力工作和休息之间保持平衡）符合题意，可以作为本段中心句。故选A项。三、语言运用（共二节，满分30分）第一节 （共15小题；每小题1分，满分15分）阅读下面短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。It was December 2018. I was _21_my PhD in the UK and a professor invited me to interview for a postdoc position in Japan. The online interview, during my visit to my family in Spain, went
72、 well and I was sure 2019 would be a _22_year.Then, in April, my mother told me about some _23_feelings she was experiencing. But I was focused on my paper, I brushed away my _24_.Later, the doctors had a(n) _25_: It was lung cancer. I spent the next two months _26_between my research and my family.
73、 I made three _27_visits home. However, my _28_for myself pulled me back to lab. In the meantime, the cancer had _29_.Yet I was set to attend a conference in New Zealand in early July, where I would _30_my paper. But on my way to the airport, I _31_. Instead of New Zealand, I flew back to Madrid.I _
74、32_my PhD defense. Meanwhile, my mothers prognosis (预测病情) changed from 1 year to months, weeks, then days. Id thought I had more time with her, but I didnt. Cancer _33_my mother at the end of July.I defended my paper in mid-September and moved to Tokyo to start my _34_life.Please remember life is wh
75、at happens while you are making plans. If your loved ones _35_you, be there for them.21. A. applying forB. finishing upC. preparing forD. giving up22. A. tougherB. longerC. busierD. better23. A. strangeB. humbleC. lonelyD. guilty24. A. excitementB. concernsC. pressureD. commitments25. A. appointment
76、B. promiseC. updateD. friction26. A. tornB. distributedC. hesitatingD. complaining27. A. officialB. formalC. briefD. regular28. A. regretsB. expectationsC. assumptionsD. satisfactions29. A. occurredB. withdrawnC. spreadD. improved30. A. polishB. publishC. purchaseD. present31. A. fell apartB. fell b
77、ehindC. held outD. held on32. A. abandonedB. conductedC. arrangedD. postponed33. A. challengedB. beatC. attackedD. rejected34. A. commonB. randomC. newD. simple35. A. needB. adoreC. orderD. suspect【答案】21. B 22. D 23. A 24. B 25. C 26. A 27. C 28. B 29. C 30. D 31. A 32. D 33. B 34. C 35. A【解析】【分析】这是
78、一篇记叙文。文章讲述了作者临近毕业期间，母亲感觉不舒服，作者没上心，最后发现肺癌，因此作者推迟了博士答辩，但母亲最后还是不在了，以此告诉我们一个道理：如果你所爱的人需要你，就在他们身边。【21题详解】考查动词短语辨析。句意：我正在英国完成博士学位，一位教授邀请我面试日本的博士后职位。A. applying for申请；B. finishing up完成；C. preparing for为准备；D. giving up放弃。由下文的“a professor invited me to interview for a postdoc position in Japan”可知，一位教授邀请作者面试日
79、本的博士后职位，说明作者正要完成博士学位。故选B项。【22题详解】考查形容词词义辨析。句意：在我访问西班牙家人期间，网上面试进行得很顺利，我相信2019年会是更好的一年。A. tougher更艰难的；B. longer更长的；C. busier更忙的；D. better更好的。由上文的“a professor invited me to interview for a postdoc position in Japan. The online interview”可知，一位教授邀请作者面试日本的博士后职位，网上面试也很顺利，说明作者获得日本的博士后职位概率大，他感觉一切顺利、美好，2019年会
80、是更好的一年。故选D项。【23题详解】考查形容词词义辨析。句意：然后，在四月份，我妈妈告诉我她正在经历的一些奇怪的感觉。A. strange奇怪的；B. humble谦虚的；C. lonely孤独的；D. guilty愧疚的。由下文的“It was lung cancer”可知，作者母亲患了肺癌，所以母亲会有一些生病的奇怪的感觉。故选A项。【24题详解】考查名词词义辨析。句意：但我把注意力集中在我的论文上，我没有理会我的担忧。A. excitement兴奋；B. concerns担忧；C. pressure压力；D. commitments承诺。由上文语境可知，作者母亲告诉作者她身体有一些奇怪
81、的感觉，作者肯定是担忧母亲身体的，但因为忙于论文，作者就忽视了自己的担忧。故选B项。【25题详解】考查名词词义辨析。句意：后来，医生们得到了最新消息：是肺癌。A. appointment约定；B. promise承诺；C. update更新的信息；D. friction摩擦。由下文的“It was lung cancer”可知，此处指医生更新了母亲病情的消息，确诊肺癌的新消息。故选C项。【26题详解】考查动词词义辨析。句意：接下来的两个月里，我在研究和家庭之间难于抉择。A. torn撕裂；B. distributed分配；C. hesitating犹豫；D. complaining抱怨。由上文
82、语境可知，一方面是作者面临毕业的事情，一方面是母亲生病的事情，两件事都很重要，到底关注于哪一件，真的很难选择，be torn between（难于抉择、左右为难）。故选A项。【27题详解】考查形容词词义辨析。句意：我短暂地回了三次家。A. official官方的；B. formal正式的；C. brief短暂的；D. regular有规律的。由下文的“my _8_for myself pulled me back to lab”可知，作者还是要回到实验室，说明作者只是短暂地回了三次家。故选C项。【28题详解】考查名词词义辨析。句意：然而，我对自己的期望把我拉回到了实验室。A. regrets遗
83、憾；B. expectations期望；C. assumptions假设；D. satisfactions满意。由下文的“for myself pulled me back to lab”，可知作者是为了自己才回到实验室的，说明是作者对自己学业的期望让他回到实验室继续研究。故选B项。【29题详解】考查动词词义辨析。句意：与此同时，癌症已经扩散了。A. occurred发生；B. withdrawn撤退；C. spread扩散；D. improved改善。由下文语境可知，母亲过世了，说明癌症扩散了。故选C项。【30题详解】考查动词词义辨析。句意：然而，我准备参加7月初在新西兰举行的一个会议，在那
84、里我将展现我的论文。A. polish擦光；B. publish出版；C. purchase购买；D. present展现。由上文语境，上文的“Yet I was set to attend a conference in New Zealand in early July”和下文的“my PhD defense”可知，作者正在面临博士毕业，即使母亲生病了，作者还在继续论文研究，作者准备参加7月初在新西兰举行的一个会议，说明是要展示毕业论文，去答辩的。故选D项。【31题详解】考查动词短语辨析。句意：但在去机场的路上，我（情感上）崩溃了。A. fell apart（情感上）崩溃；B. fell
85、behind落后；C. held out伸出；D. held on坚持不懈。由上文语境可知，作者母亲癌症扩散，作者因为太担心母亲了，在机场即将离开时，母亲的病情让作者情绪崩溃，没有去新西兰，而是回了家，选择推迟论文答辩。故选A项。【32题详解】考查动词词义辨析。句意：我推迟了博士答辩。A. abandoned抛弃；B. conducted实施；C. arranged安排；D. postponed推迟。由下文的“I defended my paper in mid-September”可知，作者九月份做了答辩，说明作者推迟了论文答辩。故选D项。【33题详解】考查动词词义辨析。句意：癌症在七月底打
86、败了我母亲。A. challenged挑战；B. beat打败；C. attacked攻击；D. rejected拒绝。由上文的“my mothers prognosis (预测病情) changed from 1 year to months, weeks, then days”，可知作者母亲的预测病情从存活1年变为数月、数周、数天，说明作者母亲病情不断恶化，作者母亲最终没能战胜病魔，病魔打败了作者母亲。故选B项。【34题详解】考查形容词词义辨析。句意：我在九月中旬做了论文答辩，然后搬到东京开始我的新生活。A. common普通的；B. random随意的；C. new新的；D. simpl
87、e简单的。由上文语境可知，作者因为母亲推迟了论文答辩，母亲过世后，作者结束了论文答辩，去东京进修博士后学习，开始了自己的新生活。故选C项。【35题详解】考查动词词义辨析。句意：如果你所爱的人需要你，就在他们身边。A. need需要；B. adore热爱；C. order命令；D. suspect怀疑。由上文语境可知，作者最后在论文答辩和陪在母亲身边两个选择上，还是选择陪在了母亲身边，作者想要告诉我们的就是当你所爱的人需要你时，就陪在他们身边。故选A项。第二节（共10小题，每小题1.5分，满分15分）阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式The opening of th
88、e high-speed rail link between Hong Kong and Shenzhen has once again caught the attention of the worldA long way since 1876, when the first commercial train _36_（launch）in China, this new engine for continued economic progress is gradually becoming the criterionThe network is changing China in many
89、waysLike railway towns that emerged along the tracks in the 19th century Britain and America, urban _37_（grow）in China too is following the rail linesThe network _38_（result）in the creation of business opportunities ever since_39_ is an eco-system that is making profits not merely through the sales
90、of tickets but through its overall capacity, _40_（drive）China forward despite international financial difficulties of this yearRemote cities which used to carry out commercial _41_（activity）alone are now connected with large industrial zonesBy way of the increased connectivity, lesser developed regi
91、ons are catching up with developed onesPeople can now make trips to places _42_ couldnt be reached before over a weekendSimilarly, they have _43_（great）access to remote areas and less explored regions where the lives of people connected to the tourism industry have been dramatically improved than be
92、foreHigh-speed trains are _44_（significant）contributing to Chinas economic and social developmentAs the network continues to expand, it will not be long until all regions of the country start progressing _45_ the same interdependent pace【答案】36. was launched 37. growth 38. has resulted 39. It 40. dri
93、ving 41. activities 42. which/that 43. greater 44. significantly 45. at【解析】【分析】本文是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了高铁为中国经济社会发展做出的巨大贡献。【36题详解】考查时态和语态。句意：自1876年中国推出第一列商业列车以来，这一推动经济持续发展的新引擎已逐渐成为标准。launch与the train为动宾结构，用被动语态。推出第一列商业列车发生在过去，用一般过去时。故填was launched。【37题详解】考查名词。句意：就像19世纪英国和美国沿着铁轨出现的铁路城镇一样，中国的城市发展也是沿着铁路线进行的。该空作
94、句子主语，用名词形式，growth是不可数名词。故填growth。【38题详解】考查时态。句意：从那时起，网络就产生了商业机会的创造。句中时间状语为ever since，用现在完成时，The network是单数，谓语动词用单数。故填has resulted。【39题详解】考查强调句。句意：这是一个不仅通过门票销售，而且通过其整体运力获利的生态系统，在今年国际金融困难的情况下推动中国前进。把该空和is以及that去掉，该句句意完整，语义清晰，可判断该句为强调句，强调句的基本结构是：it is/was + 被强调部分 + that +句子的其他成分，如果被强调的部分是人，可以用who代替that
95、。故填It。【40题详解】考查非谓语动词。句意：这是一个不仅通过门票销售，而且通过其整体运力获利的生态系统，在今年国际金融困难的情况下推动中国前进。an eco-system与 drive为主谓结构，因此用现在分词短语作状语。故填driving。【41题详解】考查名词数。句意：过去仅进行商业活动的偏远城市现在与大型工业区相连。activity为可数名词，上文没有冠词，因此用复数形式。故填activities。【42题详解】考查定语从句。句意：现在，人们可以去那些在周末之前无法到达的地方旅行。本句为限定性定语从句，先行词为places，在定语从句中作主语，指物，所以用关系代词which或that
96、引导。故填which/that。【43题详解】考查形容词比较级。句意：同样，他们有更多的途径进入偏远地区和较少探索的地区，在这些地区，与旅游业有关的人们的生活比以前有了显著改善。根据下文“less explored regions”可知，填空处应为形容词比较级。故填greater。【44题详解】考查副词。句意：高铁为中国经济社会发展做出了巨大贡献。修饰动词contribute，应用副词形式。故填significantly。【45题详解】考查介词。句意：随着网络的继续扩大，用不了多久，该国所有地区就会开始以同样相互依赖的速度前进。at the pace以速度，为固定搭配。故填at。第四部分 写作
97、（共三节, 满分40分）第一节（共10小题，每小题0.5分，满分5分）根据首字母或者提示词填空。46. _（成立）in the early 20th century, the school keeps on inspiring childrens love of art. (根据汉语提示单词拼写）【答案】Founded【解析】【详解】考查非谓语动词。句意：这所学校成立于20世纪初，不断激发学生们对艺术的热爱。成立“found”，分析句子结构可知，本句中已有谓语动词且没有连接词此处使用非谓语动词，the school与found之间为被动关系，要使用过去分词作状语，位于句首注意大写，故填Foun
98、ded。47. Tom has been praised by many people for his efforts to help his hometown. N_, some are afraid that he might be overly consumed in such a fast food culture. (根据首字母单词拼写)【答案】Nevertheless#evertheless【解析】【详解】考查副词。句意：汤姆因为努力帮助他的家乡而受到许多人的表扬。然而，一些人恐怕他可能是在这样的快餐文化中过度消费了。根据句意可知，第一句话和第二句话是转折关系，根据首字母提示可知，
99、应填nevertheless表示“然而”，此处位于句首，做状语，故填nevertheless。48. It was on the spot of the accident that the witnesses explained the cause of it a_ to the police. (根据首字母单词拼写)【答案】accurately#ccurately【解析】【详解】考查副词。句意：在事故现场目击者准确地向警察解释了事故的原因。根据句意和句子结构可知，空处是副词，用来修饰动词explain，应用accurately，表示“准确地”，故填accurately。49. P_ by t
100、he sponsor，all the participants donated some money to the homeless. (根据首字母单词拼写)【答案】Persuaded#ersuaded【解析】【详解】考查非谓语动词。句意：在赞助商的说服下，所有的参与者都向无家可归的人捐了钱。结合句意及首字母可知，persuade“说服”符合句意，分析句子结构可知，句中已有谓语动词且没有并列连接词，此处使用非谓语动词，all the participants与persuade之间为被动关系，要使用过去分词作状语，位于句首注意大写，故填Persuaded。50. Not only did the
101、 activity provide us with d_ of colorful games but it also broadened our horizons. (根据首字母单词拼写)【答案】diversities#iversities【解析】【详解】考查短语。句意：这项活动不仅为我们提供了各种丰富多彩的游戏，而且它也拓宽了我们的视野。结合句意及首字母提示可知，短语diversities of“多样性的”符合句意，故填diversities。51. Only when you are c_ to what you are doing can you be applauded by othe
102、rs. (根据首字母单词拼写)【答案】committed#ommitted【解析】【详解】考查固定搭配。句意：只有当你致力于你正在做的事情，你才会被其他人称赞。根据句意和首字母可知，空处填committed，be committed to (doing) sth.是固定搭配，表示“致力于做某事”，故填committed。52. The research, based on a seven-year a_ of 50,000 adults, finds that body weight is linked with when we eat and how often we eat. (根据首字母
103、单词拼写)【答案】analysis#nalysis【解析】【详解】考查名词。句意：这项研究，是以一个五万成人的七年研究为基础。研究发现体重与我们什么时候吃和多久吃一次有关系。根据句意可知，空处填“分析”，此处是of名词所有格，应用名词形式作宾语，应用名词analysis，由前面的 a可知，用单数形式，故填analysis。53. The vehicle is equipped with a facial r_ system that can check the body temperature of vaccine recipients. (根据首字母单词拼写)【答案】recognition#
104、ecognition【解析】【详解】考查名词。句意：这辆车配备了面部识别系统，系统能检查疫苗接种者的体温。根据句意和首字母可知，此空填“识别”，recognition system表示“识别系统”，用名词作定语，故填recognition。54. I think we need to be cautioussure, the predicted _（金融的）results look good, but one swallow doesnt make a summer. (根据汉语提示单词拼写）【答案】financial【解析】【详解】考查形容词。句意：我认为我们需要谨慎小心-当然，预测的金融结
105、果看起来还不错，但是一花独放不是春。该空修饰名词results，用形容词作定语，由句意和所给中文提示可知填形容词 financial。故填financial 。55. We are p_ from drinking alcohol during working hours. (根据首字母单词拼写)【答案】prohibited#rohibited#prevented#revented【解析】【详解】考查谓语动词被动。句意：我们在工作时间被禁止喝酒。分析句子结构和句意，结合首字母，可知空格处填意为“禁止、阻止”含义的动词过去分词与are构成被动语态。prohibit和prevent意为“禁止”，“
106、阻止”，符合题意。故填prohibited 或者prevented。第二节（满分15分）56. 假定你是李华，看到新闻报道说我国教科书用量巨大，若不能循环利用，会造成极大浪费，你很有感触。你写信给校报 “英语天地”，倡议循环使用教科书。内容包括：1.循环使用教科书的必要性；2.循环使用教科书的做法；3.提出倡议。注意：1.词数：80左右；2.可以适当增加细节，以使行文连贯；3.倡议书的开头和结尾已给出，不计入总词数。Dear fellow students,_【答案】Dear fellow students, Im writing to you. Here is my suggestion t
107、hat we recycle textbooks. There are many reasons why we should do this. Above all, a large number of textbooks have been used, resulting in a serious waste of resources. For another, recycling textbooks can release the financial burden of society and individuals. However, what should we do to recycl
108、e textbooks? On the one hand, the careful usage of textbooks is needed, which will guarantee they can be used again. On the other hand, we should set up an institution to organize the textbooks recycling. Finally, I propose that we all take action to participate in the activity of recycling textbook
109、s and contribute our own strength to save resources.Yours, Li Hua【解析】【分析】本篇书面表达属于应用文，看到新闻报道说我国教科书用量巨大，若不能循环利用，会造成极大浪费，你很有感触。你写信给校报 “英语天地”，倡议循环使用教科书。【详解】第一步：审题体裁：应用文时态：根据提示，时态主要为一般现在时。结构：总分法总分法指把主题句作为总说，把支持句作为分说，并以这种方式安排所写内容。要求：1.循环使用教科书的必要性；2.循环使用教科书的做法；3.提出倡议。第二步：列提纲（重点词组）a serious waste of resourc
110、es; release the financial burden; the careful usage of textbooks; an institution to organize the textbooks recycling第三步：连词成句1. Above all, a large number of textbooks have been used, resulting in a serious waste of resources. 2. For another, recycling textbooks can release the financial burden of soc
111、iety and individuals.3. On the one hand, the careful usage of textbooks is needed, which will guarantee they can be used again. 4. On the other hand, we should set up an institution to organize the textbooks recycling. 根据提示及关键词（组）进行遣词造句，注意主谓一致和时态问题。第四步：连句成篇（衔接词）1.表文章结构顺序：Above all, For another, Fina
112、lly2.表转折对比关系：However, On the one hand,On the other hand连句成文，注意使用恰当的连词进行句子之间的衔接与过渡，书写一定要规范清晰。【点睛】高分句型1 Above all, a large number of textbooks have been used, resulting in a serious waste of resources.（现在分词作结果状语）高分句型2 For another, recycling textbooks can release the financial burden of society and ind
113、ividuals.（动名词作主语）高分句型3 On the one hand, the careful usage of textbooks is needed, which will guarantee they can be used again.（which引导定语从句）第二节（满分25分）57. 阅读下面短文，根据其内容和所给段落开头语进行续写，使之构成一个完整的短文。 续写的词数应为 150 词左右。It had been one of those days when nothing goes right. I was due at work at 8 oclock, but I w
114、as ten minutes late because I overslept. I went straight to my regular post the toy department. It was two days before Christmas and the department was a mess. It caused me to think back to the time when I enjoyed Christmas. That was two years ago, before I went work here.Somehow since that time, Ch
115、ristmas didnt mean much anymore, except more work and headaches. The whole day, I was cursed, yelled at and stepped on. And I still had to finish my Christmas shopping that evening. I had just finished explaining to a man why we didnt sell firecrackers, when I felt a tug on my arm.It was one of the
116、two kids I had been keeping an eye on for a while - security told us to watch kids for stealing. He and his little sister had been looking at the “discount” counter, where we had all the cheapest toys. Before I even bent down to listen to him, I checked around for his sister. I didnt see her.“Mister
117、, do you think this would be a good present for my little sister?” he said in a broken accent, holding up a bottle of soap bubble liquid. “I dont want her to know about it,” he whispered before I could even answer.I just agreed with him. He stuck his hand in the pocket of his dirty jeans and pulled
118、out a fistful of change, asking if he had enough money to pay for it. “It looks like youll have to try to find something else,” I said. “You need ten more cents.” I doubted it was a trick, especially at Christmas. He looked sad and went back to find something else.I watched him from the corner of my
119、 eye for a while as he looked at other items, but always came back to the soap bubbles. I left the area for a few minutes and when I came back he was still there, trying to find a cheaper gift. Somehow, the kid struck me as different from most the troublemakers we got in the toy department.Paragraph
120、 1:I went over to him and asked if he had found anything yet._Paragraph 2:I followed him secretly to see what he really spent the money on._【答案】I went over to him and asked if he had found any thing yet. He just shook his head and looked very disappointed. “Well, lets see how much money you have aga
121、in,” I said. He dumped the change in with the two dimes I had concealed in my hand. “Well, look it here!” I said, “I must have counted wrong before you have just enough for those soap bubbles.” His smile spread out to his ears again, and he headed for the checkouts.I followed him secretly to what he
122、 really spent the money on. He went through the line with the one item and a smile, then met his sister outside. He kept the bag tightly clenched in his fist so his sister couldnt see what he had bought for her with his last pennies.Somehow the rest of the day went much better, and when I went to bu
123、y Christmas presents that night I looked for gifts instead of obligations. For the first time in three years I had Christmas spirit again, but I got some really odd looks from my family when I came home with soap bubbles.【解析】【分析】本文以人物为线索展开，讲述了作者是一位玩具柜台的售货员，遇到了一位小男孩，他想买一瓶肥皂泡泡作为自己妹妹的圣诞礼物，但是自己的零钱不够，还差1
124、0美分。作者建议小男孩选择其它的礼物，但小男孩看其它东西的时候，总是回到肥皂泡上。【详解】1.段落续写：由第一段首句内容“我走过去问他有没有找到什么东西。”可知，第一段可描写作者帮助小男孩的经过。由第二段首句内容“我秘密跟踪他，了解他到底把钱花在了什么地方。”可知，第二段可描写作者想了解小男孩究竟给妹妹买了什么礼物。最终作者重获圣诞精神。2.续写线索：失望帮助高兴微笑感悟3.词汇激活行为类.帮助：shake ones head/ dumped the change/ conceal/ smile/ head for.好奇：follow/ went through/ met/ kept the
125、bag tightly clenched .感悟：went to buy Christmas presents/ came home with soap bubbles情绪类 .失望：disappointed.高兴：smile spread【点睛】高分句型1. He kept the bag tightly clenched in his fist so his sister couldnt see what he had bought for her with his last pennies.这句话运用过去分词作宾语补足语和what引导的宾语从句。高分句型2. For the first time in three years I had Christmas spirit again, but I got some really odd looks from my family when I came home with soap bubbles.这句话运用了when引导的时间状语从句。
