1、Unit 4 Global warmingLanguage Points教案教学内容分析The emphasis of this period will be placed on the important new words，phrases and sentence patterns in Warming Up，Prereading，Reading，Comprehending and Discovering useful words and expressions in Learning about Language.There are altogether 53 new words and
2、 phrases in these five pa rts.20 of them are marked with triangles，which shows that the students neednt learn them by heart.It is enough to recognize them when meeting them while reading the passage.The other 33 should all be remembered，among which the following words and expressions are even more i
3、mportant：tend，range，subscribe to，go up，widespread，state，glance，steady，tendency，keep on，on the whole，quantity of，be opposed to，come about，result in，even if.They are all very useful and important.So are the sentence patterns “.it is a rapid increase when compared to other natural changes.” and “There
4、is no doubt that the earth is becoming warmer.” We ought to pay more attention to them.三维目标设计Knowledge and skills1To get the students to learn to use the following important new words and phrases freely：tend，range，subscribe to，go up，widespread，state，glance，steady，tendency，keep on，on the whole，quanti
5、ty of，oppose，come about，result in，even if.2To get the students to understand and use the following important and useful sentence patterns：(1).it is a rapid increase when compared to other natural changes.(2)There is no doubt that the earth is becoming warmer.Process and methods1To help the students
6、to understand the meanings of the above useful new words and expressions in the context，and then give some explanations about them，and at last offer some exercises to make students master their usages.2To ask the students to make up their own sentences by imitating the above sentence patterns.3At th
7、e end of the class，make students do more exercises for consolidation.In doing so，they can learn，grasp and use these important language points well.Emotion，attitude and value1To stimulate students interest in learning English.2To develop students sense of cooperation and teamwork.教学重、难点1Important new
8、 words and expressions：quantity of，oppose，come about，result in，even if.2Important and useful sentence patterns：(1).it is a rapid increase when compared to other natural changes.(2)There_is_no_doubt_that the earth is becoming warmer.3Some difficult and long sentences in the text.Step 1Revision1Check
9、the homework exercises.2Ask some students to talk about global warming.Step 2Reading and findingGet students to read through Warming Up，Prereading，Reading，Comprehending and Discovering useful words and expressions in Learning about Language to underline all the new words and useful expressions or co
10、llocations in these parts.Read them aloud and copy them down in the exercise book.Step 3Practice for useful words and expressions1Turn to Page 28.Go through the exercises in Discovering useful words and expressions with students and make sure they know what to do.2Give them several minutes to finish
11、 the exercises.They first do them individually，and then discuss and check them with their partners.3Check the answers with the whole class and explain the problems they meet where necessary.Step 4Vocabulary study.简单知识扫描 1tend(P26) 【原句再现】It means that more heat energy tends to be trapped in the atmos
12、phere causing the global temperature to go up.这意味着更多的热量被困在大气层中，从而引起全球温度上升。【观察探究】(1)We sometimes tend to think that the ocean bottom is made up of smooth plains.我们往往误以为海底由平坦的平原构成。(2)People under stress tend to express their full range of potential.处于压力下的人容易发挥自己全部的潜力。(3)Doctors and nurses tended(to)th
13、e injured.医生和护士护理受伤的人。【归纳总结】tend vi.& vt.意思是“往往会，趋于，倾向；照料，护理”。作“照料，护理”讲时，常与介词to搭配。【即景活用】(1)救护车上的救护人员在照料受伤的工人。Ambulance crews _ the injured workers.(2)男孩往往比女孩个子高。Boys _ taller than girls.Suggested answers：(1)were tending(to)(2)tend to be 2range(P27)【原句再现】.it will encourage a greater range of animalsa
14、ll of which will make life for human beings better.这将促进动物的生长所有这一切都会使人类的生活变得更好。【观察探究】(1)Maybe the question is beyond the range of human understanding.或许这个问题超越了人类理解的范围。(2)You can see a range of mountains standing on the top of the tower.站在塔顶你可以看到一系列山脉。 (3)The temperature ranges between ten and thirty
15、degrees.气温在十至三十度之间。(4)I ranged the books on the shelf by/according to size.我把书依大小顺序排在书架上。【归纳总结】range n. 意思是“范围；射程；山脉；行列”； v. 意思是“变化；排列；归类于”，常用于range from.to.结构，意为“从到范围内变化”。【即景活用】有年龄从七岁到十四岁的两百个男孩。There are two hundred boys _.Suggested answer：ranging from seven to fourteen in age 3subscribe to(P26)【原句
16、再现】 All scientists subscribe_to the view that the increase in the earths temperature is due to the burning of fossil fuels like coal，natural gas and oil to produce energy.所有科学家都赞同这样的观点：人们为了生产能量而燃烧化石燃料(如煤、天然气、石油等)，从而引起了地球温度的升高。【观察探究】(1)The children each subscribed 5 pence to buy a present for Nick in
17、 hospital.孩子们每人出五便士为住院的尼克买礼品。(2)All the people present subscribe to the opinion put forward by the chairman.参加会议的人全部同意主席提出的意见。(3)I have subscribed to that magazine for years.我订阅那本杂志已好几年了。【归纳总结】subscribe to的意思有“捐款；捐助；同意，赞同；订购(报纸、杂志等)”等。【即景活用】The government called on all the citizens to _ a relief fun
18、d. Asubscribe toBagree toCamount toDshift to Suggested answers：A4go up(P26)【原句再现】It means that more heat energy tends to be trapped in the atmosphere causing the global temperature to go_up.这意味着更多的热量被困在大气层中，从而引起全球温度上升。【观察探究】(1)The elevator went up to the fourth floor.电梯升到了四楼。(2)As you go up a mounta
19、in，you have to overcome the earths gravity which pulls you down.上山时你必须克服把你往下拉的地球引力。(3)Prices of fruit and vegetables have gone up.水果和蔬菜的价格上涨了。【归纳总结】动词短语go up的意思有“升；攀登；向上去，沿(街)而去；涨价”等。类似意义的词还有rise，increase等。其反义词是：go down，fall down，decrease。【即景活用】(1)物价又上涨了。Prices _ again.(2)到处都盖起新的大楼。New buildings _ e
20、verywhere.来源:学科网ZXXKSuggested answers：(1)have gone up(2)are going up 5keep on(P27)【原句再现】 Even if we start reducing the amount of carbon dioxide and other greenhouse gases，the climate is going to keep_on warming for decades or centuries.尽管我们已经开始减少二氧化碳和其他温室气体的排放量，但是在未来的几十年或几个世纪里气候将会持续变暖。【观察探究】(1)The a
21、irplane kept on flying at a high altitude.这架飞机持续在高空飞行。(2)He kept on smoking after the doctor told him to stop.医生劝告他戒烟，可他仍继续抽。(3)He is keeping on the house in his hometown.他把家乡的那所房屋保留着。(4)Keep straight on and youll come to the market.一直往前走就到市场。(5)I have failed several times，but I still keep on.我已经失败了
22、好几次，但我仍然坚持下去。 【归纳总结】keep on意为“继续(做某事)；不顾困难、反对或警告而坚持(做某事)；继续前进，继续工作”等。【即景活用】Even if I fail again，I will _ working hard until I succeed.Agive up Bturn to Ckeep on Dthink of Suggested answer：C6on the whole(P28)【原句再现】On_the_whole the warming of the earth is a phenomenon that causes great concern.大体上，地球变
23、暖是一种引起巨大关注的现象。【观察探究】The weather this month has been good on the whole.这个月的天气基本上是好的。Living in town is pleasant but，on the whole，I like the country better.住在城里是愉快的，但是，总的来看，我更喜欢农村。【归纳总结】on the whole意为“总的看来；大体上；基本上”，相当于in general，mostly，可位于句首、句中或句尾。 【即景活用】翻译句子总的看来，我认为他那样做是对的。Suggested answer：On the whol
24、e，I think he was quite right to act as he did.重点知识探究 1oppose(P27)【原句再现】On the other hand，there are those，like George Hambley，who are opposed to this view，believe that we should not worry about high levels of carbon dioxide in the air.另一方面，像乔治汉布利那些人，他们反对这种观点，认为我们不应该为空气中二氧化碳含量高担心。【观察探究】Many members of
25、 the council opposed the building of the luxury houses in the centre of the city.许多市议会议员反对在市中心建造豪华型住宅。来源:学科网ZXXKMany residents are opposed to the plan of building the motorway.许多居民反对修建那条高速公路的计划。【归纳总结】oppose vt.& vi.意为“反对；使对立；使对抗； 抗争”，后面可直接跟名词作宾语，也可用于be opposed to(doing)sth.结构。【词汇辨析】 oppose，object和re
26、sist三者都含有“反对”的意思，但是用法有区别。oppose为常用词，指“对某人、某事采取积极行动来反对”，着重动作，尤指“反对一种观念、思想、计划等”。如：The father opposed to his sons marriage.父亲反对儿子的婚事。object 常指“用言论或论据等表示反对”，着重“个人嫌厌”和“(由于与个人有关因此)提出反对意见”。如：来源:学.科.网I objected to his plan.我反对他的计划。resist 指“积极地反抗、对抗；用武力阻止的前进”，如：The villagers were united to resist the enemy.村
27、民们团结起来抵抗敌人。【即景活用】我们坚决反对在国与国之间实行强权政治。We _ firmly _ the practice of power politics between nations.Suggested answers：are；opposed to 2come about(P26)【原句再现】So how has this come_about and does it matter？这种情况是怎么发生的，有什么影响？【观察探究】With the use of electricity，great changes have come about.随着电的使用，种种大变化发生了。The a
28、ccident comes about in this way.这事故就是这样发生的。Many a quarrel has come about through a misunderstanding.许多争执都是由于误会产生的。【归纳总结】come about意为“发生，造成”，有时用it作主语，后面跟that引导的从句。【词汇辨析】 come about与happen，occur，take place的异同。come about与happen，occur，take place同义。take place常指经过安排的。happen指“偶然发生”，等于occur。happen tov.意为“偶然
29、/碰巧做出”。It happens/happened thatclause.碰巧occur/happento(prep.).发生在 occurto(prep.).想起It occur(s/ed)(to sb.)to do sth./thatclause想起，想到【即景活用】同义句转换She happened to be out when he called.A：It _ that she _ _ _ _when he called.B：She _not to be _ when he called.C：It _ _ she was not at home when he called.来源:学
30、科网Suggested answers：A：happened；was not at homeB：happened；homeC：came about3result in(P26)【原句再现】They also agree that it is the burning of more and more fossil fuels that has resulted_in this increase in carbon dioxide.他们还一致认为，正是因为越来越多的化石燃料的燃烧才导致了二氧化碳的增长。【观察探究】These measures resulted in a great victory
31、.由于采取了这些措施，打了一个大胜仗。The plot resulted in failure.阴谋以失败告终。【归纳总结】result in的意思是“产生，导致”，与 cause或lead to同义，其主语是起因；in的宾语是结果。result from的意思是“由引起，产生”，与lie in，as a result of和because of同义，其主语是结果，from的宾语是起因。【即景活用】同义句转换(1)His failure resulted from not working hard enough.Not working hard enough_ _his failure.(2)
32、His sickness was caused by eating too much.AHis sickness _ _eating too much.BHe was ill _he ate too much.C_ _ _ _ eating too much，he was ill.Suggested answers：(1)resulted in(2)resulted from；because；As a result of4quantities of(P26)【原句再现】The problem begins when we add huge quantities_of extra carbon
33、dioxide into the atmosphere.当我们把大量额外的二氧化碳排入大气层的时候，问题就出现了。【观察探究】(1)Quantities of food(nuts)were on the table.桌子上有许多食品(坚果)。 (2)Great quantities of sand were washed down the hillside by the rain.雨水把大量的泥沙冲下山坡。(3)He collected quantities(a quantity)of old pictures.他收集了大量的旧画。(4)There is only a small quanti
34、ty of wine left.只剩下很少一点酒了。【归纳总结】quantities ofa quantity of，意为“大量的”，既可以修饰可数名词，也可以修饰不可数名词。quantities of无论修饰可数还是不可数名词，后面的谓语动词都用复数。另外，quantity前面还可以加修饰成分，构成的短语有a certain quantity of (一定数量的)，a large(great，good)quantity of(大量的)，a small quantity of(少量的)，large(great，good)quantities of (大量的)，small quantities
35、of(少量的)。 【知识拓展】(1)quantity 量，数量。如：Without quantity there can be no quality.没有数量就没有质量。The government has been buying silver in great quantities.政府一直在大量购进白银。(in great/small quantities意为“大/少量”，用作状语。)(2)表示“大量的”时，可用以下形式：修饰可数名词many，a great/large number of，great/large numbers of，a good/great many (后面没有of)，
36、many a(后接单数名词，其谓语动词也用单数形式)修饰不可数名词much，a great/large amount of，great/large amounts of，a great/good deal of 既可以修饰可数名词，也可以修饰不可数名词a lot oflots of，a quantity ofquantities of，a mass ofmasses of，plenty of (前面没有a)这些短语均常被形容词修饰，如：a large number of，a small amount of，a great quantity of。quantities of/amounts of
37、不可数名词复数动词；a lot of/lots of/plenty of不可数名词单数动词。in amount/amounts/quantity/quantities/number意为“在数量上，大量地”。【即景活用】(1)We aim at quality rather than _.Anumber Bamount Cfigure Dquantity(2)With more forests being destroyed，huge quantities of good earth _ each year.Ais washing away Bis being washed awayCare w
38、ashing away Dare being washed awaySuggested answers：(1)D(2)D 5even if(P27)【原句再现】Even_if we start reducing the amount of carbon dioxide and other greenhouse gases，the climate is going to keep on warming for decades or centuries.尽管我们已经开始减少二氧化碳和其他温室气体的排放量，但是在未来的几十年或几个世纪里气候将会持续变暖。【观察探究】Even if it rained
39、 heavily，we still marched on.即使大雨倾盆，我们还是继续前进。Even if you are a good highjumper，you jump no more than three meters.即使是个优秀的跳高运动员，你也跳不过三米。We shall go，even if it rains.就是下雨，我们也要去。【归纳总结】even if有“虽然、即使、尽管”的意思，引导让步状语从句，可以与even though互换，语气比although和though强，可以放在主句前面也可以放在主句后面。【知识拓展】though，although引导让步从句的用法：th
40、ough，although引导让步从句时，后面的从句不能有but，但是可以用 yet。如：Although its raining，they are still working in the field.虽然在下雨，但他们仍在地里干活。He is very old，but he still works very hard.虽然很老了，但他仍然努力地工作。Though the sore be healed，yet a scar may remain.伤口虽愈合，但伤疤留下了。(谚语)【即景活用】(1)Well make a trip _ the weather is bad.Aas for Be
41、ven if Cbecause of Das long as (2)_she is young，she knows quite a lot.AWhen BHowever CAlthough DUnless Suggested answers：(1)B(2)C.词汇综合运用1用括号中所给的单词或短语翻译下列句子。(1)即使一个工人持续工作三十余年，他依然买不起房。(even if)(2)总起来说，中国的房价太高。而且房价还在持续增长。(on the whole；tend；keep on)(3)他们坚决要求把房价控制在一定的范围内。(range)(4)尽管政府已经采取了一些措施，但是房价依然在上涨
42、，这导致了许多问题。(although；go up；result in)(5)许多人想知道这是如何造成的。(come about)(6)他们反对政府采取的一些措施。(oppose)Suggested answers：(1)Even if a worker works continually for more than thirty years，he still cant afford a house.(2)On the whole，the price of houses in China is too high.And it tends to keep on rising.(3)They in
43、sist that the price of houses should be controlled within a range.(4)Although the government has taken some measures，the price of houses is still going up，which has resulted in many problems.(5)Many people want to know how it comes about.(6)They oppose some measurements taken by the government.2连句成篇
44、(按照一定的逻辑顺序适当调整句子的顺序，把上面的句子连成一篇小短文，必要时增加适当的连词。)_Suggested answers：On the whole，the price of houses in China is too high.And it tends to keep on rising.Although the government has taken some measures，the price of houses is still going up，which has resulted in many problems.Even if a worker works conti
45、nually for more than thirty years，he still cant afford a house.Many people want to know how it comes about.They oppose some measurements taken by the government and insist that the price of houses should be controlled within a range.Step 5Sentence focus1.but it is a rapid increase when_compared_to o
46、ther natural changes.(P26)但是，同自然界的其他变化相比，这种升高是迅速的。这是一个省略句，补全之后是.but it is a rapid increase when it is compared to other natural changes。一般说来，省略现象多出现在下列五种状语从句中：(1)由 when，while，as，before，after，till，until，once等引导的时间状语从句；(2)由whether，if，unless 等引导的条件状语从句；(3)由 though，although，even if，whatever等引导的让步状语从句；(4
47、)由 as，than 等引导的比较状语从句；(5)由as，as if，as though 等引导的方式状语从句。上述状语从句在省略时，并非任何成分都可以省略，而是遵循以下原则：来源:学#科#网Z#X#X#K(1)当状语从句的主语与主句的主语一致时，可以省略状语从句的主语和系动词be，这时从句中可出现如下结构：连词(as，as if，once)名词。如：Once(he was)a worker，Pang Long now becomes a famous singer.庞龙曾经是个工人，现在成了一位著名的歌手。 连词(though，whether，when)形容词。如：Work hard whe
48、n(you are)young，or youll regret.趁年轻要努力学习，要不然你会后悔的。连词(whether，as if，while)介词短语。如：He looked everywhere as if(he was)in search of something.他到处看似乎在找什么东西。连词(when，while，though)现在分词。如：While(he was)holding talks with President Hu Jintao，US President George WBush thanked China for its important role in the
49、SixParty Talks.在与胡锦涛主席会谈时，美国总统布什感谢中国在六方会谈中起的重要作用。 连词(when，if，even if，unless，once，until，than，as)过去分词。如：The exhibition is more interesting than(it was)expected.这次展览比被预料的有趣得多。连词(as if，as though)不定式。如：Olympic gold medalist hurdler Liu Xiang opened his lips as if(he were)to speak.奥林匹克金牌获得者跨栏运动员刘翔张开嘴，好像要说
50、什么。(2)当从句的主语是it，谓语动词中又含有系动词be 时，可以把it和系动词be一起省略。此时构成连词(if，unless，when，whenever)形容词的结构。如：Unless(it is)necessary，youd better not refer to the dictionary.如果没有必要，你最好不要查字典。2There_is_no_doubt_that the earth is becoming warmer.(P26)毫无疑问地球正在变暖在There is no doubt后常可跟that引导的同位语从句(在肯定句中，doubt后面有时可跟whether引导的从句)
51、。There is no doubt that you will succeed if you try your best.毫无疑问如果你尽最大努力你一定会成功。There is no doubt that he will come on time.他一定会准时来。类似常用结构：There is no knowing/telling.没法知道/说There is no need.没有必要There is no question.是没有问题的。There is no reason.没有理由There is no possibility that.是没有可能的。It is no/small wonder that.(No wonder that).难怪It is a wonder that.真奇怪/真是令人惊奇。Step 6Homework1Finish off the Workbook exercises.Do Exercise 1 in Using Words and Expressions in your exercise book.2Learn the useful new words and expressions by heart.Step 7Reflection after teaching_