1、M6 Unit 3 Understanding each otherPeriod4grammarLearning aims：1. Get a general idea of the subjunctive mood.2. Master some rules and try to finish some exercises.Learning difficulties :虚拟语气在if 条件句中的用法虚拟语气在名词性从句中的用法虚拟语气其他句型的用法合作探究【有疑有问议一议】一.1）虚拟语气在if 条件状语句中的用法 if从句主句与过去事实相反与现在事实相反与将来事实相反2)在as if/as t
2、hough引导的状语从句中不一定都要用虚拟语气。情况真实性、可能性很大，就要用正常时态来描绘。eg. It looks as if it is going to rain.天看起来象要下雨。（下雨的可能性很大。）如果表示非真实情况则应该用虚拟语气,其谓语动词的虚拟式 eg. The man speaks as if he were a foreigner.They talked as if they had been good friends for years.二. 1)表示要求,命令,建议的宾语从句的虚拟语气表示要求命令,建议的宾语从句的虚拟语气insist一个坚持order, comma
3、nd两个命令advise, suggest, propose三个建议demand, require, request, desire四个要求这些动词后面的宾语从句要使用虚拟语气用法。从句中的动词使用(should) +动词原形eg. The doctor suggested that he(try)to lose his weight.He insisted that we(tell) him the news.注意:如suggest, insist不表示“建议”或“坚持”某人做某事时,即它们用于其本意“暗示、某人做某事时”,宾语从句用陈述语气。eg. He insisted that she
4、(be)seriously ill and that she_ (send) to hospitals at once. He suggested that we _ (have) a meeting at once.His pale face suggested that he _ (be) ill.2). wish后的宾语从句与过去事实相反与现在事实相反与将来事实相反I wish I knew the answer to the question,我希望知道这个问题的答案。I wish(wished) I hadnt spent so much money.I wish it would
5、stop raining soon.我希望雨很快停。3)would rather后的宾语从句与过去事实相反与现在事实相反与将来事实相反I would rather you had gone to school yesterday.我宁愿你昨天去学校。I would rather you paid me now.我宁愿你现在就付给我。I would rather they came tomorrow我宁愿他们明天来。三表语从句、同位语从句中的虚拟语气表语从句、在suggestion，proposal，order，plan，idea，advice，decision ,demand, request
6、等名词后面的表语从句、同位语从句中要使用虚拟语气。其谓语动词应用(should)原形动词。另外连接从句的that不能省略。eg. My suggestion is that we（go）there at once.What do you think of his proposal that we(put on) a play at the English evening?My idea is that we(get) more people to attend the conference.I make a proposal that we ( hold) a meeting next wee
7、k.四.主语从句1）Its necessary/strange/natural/important/ a pity/no wonder/impossible + that Clause主语从句中的动词要用虚拟即(should)+动词原形,that不省略eg. It is a great pity that he ( should ) think so.他居然会这样想，真是一件憾事。 It is strange that he .他居然会这样说，真是奇怪。It is natural that a birdin trees.鸟在树上安歇是很自然的。2）It is suggested /ordere
8、d / demanded /）proposed / arranged etc. that-clause主语从句要使主语从句要使用虚拟语气，即(should)+动词原形，that不省略。eg. Its suggested that the plan be carried out. It is ordered that all the troops (should) withdraw three miles away.根据命令，所有部队撤至三英哩以外。It is arranged that heCanada on Friday .照安排，他星期五动身去加拿大。五.由if only（要是，那该多好啊
9、！）谓语动词的形式(过去); (现在)(将来)If only I had passed the test！If only it stopped raining！比较if only与only if :if only则表示如果就好了;only if表示只有；If only也可用于陈述语气。I wake up _the alarm clock rings.只有闹钟响了，我才会醒。If only the alarm clock had rung.当时闹钟响了，就好了。If only _he comes early.但愿他早点回来。六.It is (high) time that后面的从句谓语动词要用过
10、去式或用should加动词原形，但should不可省略。It is time that the children went to bed.It is high time that the children should go to bed.It is high time that_.该是我们吃午饭的时候了。It is time that_.该是他作出决定的时候了。七、虚拟语气的其它用法在英语中，一些表示建议、请求、劝告、愿望、祈祷、祝福，也需要使用虚拟语气。eg.Would you mind my smoking here？May you be lucky！May good luck be y
11、ours!Long live the people of China！God save me.总结;1.If引导非真实条件句2. wish sb. (that) did (were)/ had done /would do3. would rather (that) sb. did /had done4. look/seemas if sb did/had done5. Its (about/high) time +(that) sb. did/should do6. Sb suggest（that）sb.（should）do7. If only sb did(were)/ had done
12、sth/would do8. without+n/np, +句子9.句子+or/otherwise+句子1. If only he _quietly as the doctor instructed, he would not suffer so much now.A. lies B. lay C. had lain D. should lie2. How I wish every family _a large house with a beautiful garden.A. has B. had C. will have D. had had3. You did not let me dr
13、ive. If we _in turn, you _ so tiredA. drove; didnt get B. drove; wouldnt getC. were driving; wouldnt get D. had driven ; wouldnt have got4. _it rain tomorrow, we would have to put off the visit to the Yangpu BridgeA. Were B. Should C. Would D. Will5. I suggested the person _ to be put into prisonA.
14、refers B. referring C. referred D. refer6. When a pencil is partly in a glass of water, it looks as if it_A. breaks B. has broken C. were broken D. had been broken7. I insisted _to see a doctor, but he insisted nothing _ wrong with himA. on him to go; should be B. he went; be C. he go; was D. he8. -
15、Your aunt invites you to the movies today.-I had rather she _ me tomorrow than todayA. tells B. told C. would tell D. had told9. -Would you have called her up had it been possible-Yes, but I _busy doing my homeworkA. was B. were C. had been D. would be 10. I was ill that day, otherwise I _ the sport
16、s meetA. would have taken part in B. took part inC. had taken part in D. would take part in11. _the clouds, you would find the airplane in the sky easilyA. Had it not been for B. If it were notC. If it had not been for D. Were it not for12. If my lawyer _here last Sunday, he _ me from goingA. had be
17、en, would have prevented B. had been, would preventC. were, prevent D. were, would have prevented13. _hard, he would have passed the examA. If he were to work B. Had he workedC. Should he work D. Were he to work14. _today, he would get there by FridayA. Were he to leave B. If he had left C. Did he t
18、o leave D. Had he left15. Had you listened to the doctor, you _all right nowA. are B. were C. would be D. would have been16. I did not see your sister at the meeting. If she _, she would have met my brotherA. has come B. did come C. come D. had come17. He _busy yesterday, or he _you with your experi
19、ment.A. was, had helped B. was, would have helpedC. had been, would have helped D. were, would have helped18. If it _for the snow, we_ the mountain yesterdayA. were not, could have climb B. were not, could climbC. had not been, could have climbed D. hadnt been, could climb19. Without electricity, human life _quite difficult todayA. is B. will be C. would have been D. would be20. -I am going to tell her the news-I would as soon you _her about itA.didnt tell B. dont tell C. hadnt tell D. wont tell