1、第三讲数词和主谓一致一、数词考点透析1hundred，thousand，million，billion表示确切的数目时，不能加s ，如：two hundred students。如果表示不确切的数目，则在后加s ，并与of连用，如：hundreds of teachers，thousands of farmers，millions of stars。2scores of与dozens of都表示概数，意为“数十， 许多”，a score eggs(二十个鸡蛋)、 a dozen eggs(十二个/一打鸡蛋)都是成立的，但可以说 a score of eggs，不能说 a dozen of eg
2、gs。3年代的表示法有两种，如：20世纪80年代可写成 in the 1980s 或 in the 1980s。4年、月、日的表示法常按月、日、年的顺序，如：2015年6月7日写成July 7，2015。5“基数词名词”构成的定语，其中的名词用单数。如：a threemonth baby，an 800word composition。6序数词前如有the，表顺序，如： the Second World War，the first question; 如果序数词前有不定冠词a，则表示“再， 又”。如：Ive failed six times，but I decided to have a sev
3、enth try.我已经失败了六次了，但是我决定再尝试第七次。7常见的含数词的短语： in twos and threes 三三两两one or two days没几天；一两天first of all首先second to none 首屈一指，不亚于任何人 one by one 一个一个地ten to one十之八九 one in ten十分之一fifty fifty对半根据中文完成句子。1我身高1米71，体重75公斤。Im _ and I weigh _244%的学生认为应当收取费用。_ think that fees should be charged.3我很高兴收到你6月7日的来信。I
4、was very glad to receive your letter_.4这个故事发生在2014年2月8日早上7点15分。The story happened _ on the morning of _来源:学科网5沿着这条800米的街道有300多家商店。Along this _ street, there are _6这套房子有25平方米， 有一间卧室、一间浴室和一个厨房。The house occupies_， with a bedroom, a bathroom and a kitchen.7如图2所示， 他们只有10%的业余时间用在体育活动上。As is shown on _， o
5、nly _ is spent on sports activities.8上周， 我们对2，600名学生就“谁是你的偶像”做了一个调查。Last week, we did a survey among _ on “Who is your idol”9图书馆的开放时间是周一到周五的早上9点至晚上7点，周末不开门。The library is open _ from Monday to Friday and closed on weekends.10这个活动将持续23天， 从6月1日至23日。The activity will last _， from _11你可以搭17路或59路巴士，地铁2号线
6、在那也有一个站。You may take _ and _ has a stop there，too.12前门大街是一条著名的大街，有600多年的历史。Qianmen Street is a famous street with a history of _13昨天气温下降到零下8摄氏度。Yesterday the temperature dropped to _14澳大利亚人Allan Stewart出生于1915年3月7日，2006年获硕士学位，是世界上获得硕士学位年龄最大的人。Born _， Allan Stewart, an Australian, became the oldest m
7、an to obtain a masters degree all over the world_.15都江堰灌溉工程有2 000多年的历史， 今天在灌溉方面仍然发挥着重要的作用。Dujiangyan Irrigation Project has a history of _ and is still playing an important part in irrigation today.16调查显示， 三分之二的女孩选择电影和电视明星作为偶像， 而48%的男孩选择体育明星作为偶像。The survey shows/indicates that _ choose film and TV s
8、tars as idols, while _ choose sports stars as idols.17调查数据显示， “父母”(作为偶像)在女孩中排名第二， 在男孩中排名第四。As the data shows, “parents”(as idols) ranks _ for the girls, but _ for the boys.18这个小镇面积是9.1平方公里，人口有2.3万。The little town covers a total area of _ and has a population of _19一年后即2014年， 在第17届亚运会上他获得一枚金牌。今年年初在世界
9、游泳锦标赛中成为世界冠军。A year later _， he won a gold medal at _ and became a world champion at _ early this year.20学生会将在8月15日周六晚上举办一个晚会， 欢迎来自美国的朋友。The Students Union is going to hold a party on Saturday evening, _， to welcome our friends from the United States.答案：11.71 meters tall; 75 kilograms2Fortyfour perc
10、ent of the students 3dated of June 74at 7：15 am；February 8th，20145800meterlong；more than 300 shops625 square meters 7Chart 2/Table 2; 10% of their spare time 82，600 students 9from 9 am to 7 pm10about 23 days; June 1st to 23rd11Buses No.17 or 59；Subway Line 2 12more than 600 years138 below zero/minus
11、 814on March 7th，1915；in 200615more than 2，000 years 16twothirds of the girls；48% of the boys17the second; the fourth189.1 square kilometers；23，000/23 thousand19in 2014；the 17th Asian Games；the World Swimming Championships20August 15th二、主谓一致考点透析1语法一致主语为单数形式，谓语用单数；主语是复数形式，谓语用复数。 名词、代词、不定式、动名词、从句等充当主语
12、时，一般适用语法一致原则。如：(1)The boy is clever enough to learn mathmatics well.这个男孩很聪明，能学好数学。(2)All the students are listening to their teacher attentively.所有的学生都在认真听老师讲课。(3)Collecting stamps gives me pleasure and betters my understanding of the world as well.集邮给了我乐趣，也让我对世界更加了解。(4)What you do is different from
13、 what you say.你言行不一。2意义一致有时要从意义着眼处理主谓一致问题。数学算式、集合名词、疑问代词、“the形容词” 充当主语时，一般适用意义一致原则。如：(1)Five pounds is quite enough for you to buy a radio or a walkman，something like that.五英镑够你买一台收音机或随身听之类的东西了。(2)His family was going to have a long journey，but on the day when they were supposed to set off，some fami
14、ly were ill，so they had to cancel the plan.他们一大家子本打算做一次长途旅行，可是出发的那一天，有些人病了，所以他们只能取消这个计划。3就近一致谓语的人称和数与最近的主语保持一致。当not only.but also.，or，either.or.，neither.nor.，not.but.，whether.or.等连词连接两个主语，以及在there be 句型、倒装句中，一般适用就近原则。如：(1)He didnt say whether some English novels or an English dictionary was wanted.他
15、没有说是需要一些英语小说还是需要一本英语词典。(2)Not only you but also he is to blame.不仅你要挨批评，他也要被批评。 温馨提示：1a number of名词复数动词复数形式；the number of名词单/复数动词单数形式。2a lot of，lots of，plenty of，the rest of，twothirds of，fifty percent of等短语后接名词作主语时，谓语的数依名词的数而定，即后接不可数名词或名词单数时，谓语用单数；后接名词的复数形式时，谓语用复数。3one and a half名词复数动词复数。4many a名词单数动
16、词单数。 5every名词单数and every名词单数动词单数。Every boy and every girl in the area was invited.6主语是单数时，尽管后面有with，together with，along with，like，rather than, as well as 等起连接作用的词语带其他名词，谓语仍用单数。The teacher, as well as the students, was very excited. .用所给动词的适当形式填空。1A poet and artist _ (come) to speak to us about Chine
17、se literature and painting tomorrow afternoon.2A survey of the opinions of experts _ (show) that three hours of outdoor exercise a week _ (be) good for ones health.3All the employees except the manager _ (encourage) to work online at home.4All the preparations for the task _ (complete), and we are r
18、eady to start.5As a result of destroying the forest, a large quantity of desert _ (cover) the land.6As a result of the serious flood, twothirds of the buildings in the area_ (need) repairing.7Barbara is easy to recognize as shes the only one of the women who _ (wear) evening dress.8Did you go to the
19、 show last night? Yeah.Every boy and every girl in the area _ (invite)9Either you or one of your students _ (be) to attend the meeting that is due tomorrow.10I told him what I was surprised at _ (be) his attitude towards his study.11Listening to loud music at rock concerts _ (cause) hearing loss in
20、some teenagers.12Most of what has been said about the Smiths_(be) also true of the Johnsons.13Professor Smith, along with his assistants, _ (work) on the project day and night to meet the deadline.14Such poets as Shakespeare _ (be) widely read, of whose works, however, some_ (be) difficult to unders
21、tand.15The number of people invited _ (be) fifty, but a number of them _ (be) absent for different reasons.用所给动词的适当形式填空。Our school library, along with many other buildings，1._ (be) very different from other schools. There 2._ (be) two computer rooms, three art rooms, a meeting room and a reading roo
22、m in the library building. The number of the books 3._ (be) large. It was 2，000，000 dollars that all the books cost our school. It is such a large amount of money that an average family cant afford it, right? But in my view, it is worth it because in the era of knowledge explosion, many a student 4.
23、_ (have) a thirst for knowledge.Our library is also a multifunctional building. There are 500 computers in it.Many a student 5._ (surf) the Internet at weekends here and now you can see that my classmates，Mike and John, 6._ (surf) the Internet. How happy they are!Look! A professor and writer 7._ (be
24、) delivering a speech in the meeting room. Every time there is a wonderful speech, the audience always 8._ (cheer) up. What lovely children they are! Enter our art room and you will find a teacher with his students 9._ (paint) in the room.On the wall 10._ (be) about 500 pictures, which attract many students.答案：.1.is coming2.shows; is3.are encouraged4.have been completed 5.has covered6.need7.wears8was invited9.is10.was11.has caused12.is13is working14.are；are15.was; were.1.is2.are3.is4.has5.surfs6.are surfing7is8.cheer/cheers9.is painting10.are
