1、平谷五中2020-2021学年第一学期高二10月月考英语试卷2020.10一、 语法填空（15分,10题）ADespite the fact that peer pressure is most commonly seen as a very negative issue, it can 1(see)positively in some situations. This can involve pressuring your peers to avoid drugs, be honest, avoid alcohol, respect others, work hard, exercise,
2、be kind, be responsible, and more. Friends and peer2(actual)affect the choices you make. Choosing to have good friends can have a very strong effect3 you.BIn 2016, she won 4 Hugo Award with her short novel, Folding Beijing, which made her the first female writer in China to bring home this prize. La
3、ter on, the author 5 (turn) to education. She set up Tong xing Academy for public welfare education and We Planets 6 (develop) childrens creativity after school.CIn the USA, when you pass by someone you know, a nod is acceptable, and you usually shake hands with someone you first meet. But in Latin
4、countries, a firm handshake7(consider) rude. In my home country, Mauritius, when people meet, they usually kiss each other 8 the cheeks. This is also common in France, 9 the act is called faire la bise. However, this is not 10universal rule.二、 完形填空（30分，20题）A parents hopes for 2030When 2010 arrived,
5、my son was only a year oldtiny. 11 ，the master of a few basic words, but still mostly the baby wed 12 into the world.Now my baby has grown into an 13 tall, strong, stout, and smart, a(n) 14 of Akira Kurosawa samurai movies.A 15 from now, in 2030, he will be an adult. I expect the next 10 years to fl
6、y by, and be filled with 16 . As 2020 begins. I am thinking about the kind of world my son will 17 and experience. I 18 for him, and for all the young people of his age. So I have several 19 for the world my son and his generation will live in：I hope we finally get 20 about climate change. Polar ice
7、 is melting. The oceans are 21 . The question is 22 whether we can stop climate change，but whether we re willing and able to do anything to 23 it.Im not sure what a warming planet will 24 for my sons life. I suspect it means he will live in a world where nations and groups 25 limited resources like
8、clean water and food, which means that the danger of climate change wont come just from rising oceans, but from other humans competing for control over whats 26 The world is always going to be full of 27 about how to solve the challenges we face. I hope，too，that my sons generation learns to 28 justi
9、cebut to do so with big heart and humility，recognizing our common humanity(人性）even with people who 29 us.The world of 2030 wont 30 itself. We are creating it now, so my final wish is that we build the kind of world we actually want our children to live in.11AspecialBgenerousCintelligentDdependent12A
10、welcomedBraisedCgrownDcongratulated13AathleteBadolescentCartistDengineer14AdirectorBauthorCloverDreader15AmonthBcenturyCyearDdecade16AquestionsBexperienceCdangerDchange17AcreateBnoticeCfaceDshake18AworryBsacrificeCprovideDarrange19AplansBmethodsChopesDchoices20AparticularBseriousCoptimisticDenthusia
11、stic21AdryingBrisingCgrowingDcooling22Afor sureBas usualCno longerDtill now23AslowBrecordCcompleteDoppose24AmeanBobtainCshareDseek25Apick upBfight overCturn downDtake part26AfinishedBcontinuedCstartedDleft27AaimsBexamplesCdisagreementsDresults28AescapeBexpressCseekDaffect29Adiffer fromBagree withCre
12、fer toDcall for30AblameBadmireCproveDbuild三、阅读理解第一节 45分，15题AThe Mystery of the Famous Word CollectorOne of the greatest contributors to the first Oxford English Dictionary was also one of its most unusual. In 1879, Oxford University in England asked Prof. James Murray to serve as editor for what was
13、 to be the most ambitious dictionary in the history of the English language. It would include every English word possible and would give not only the definition but also the history of the word and quotations（引文）showing how it was used.This was a huge task, so Murray had to find volunteers from Brit
14、ain, the United States, and the British colonies to search every newspaper, magazine, and book ever written in English. Hundreds of volunteers responded, including William Chester Minor. Dr. Minor was an American surgeon who had served in the Civil War and was now living in England. He gave his addr
15、ess as “Broadmoor, Crowthorne, Berkshire,” 50 miles from Oxford.Minor joined the army of volunteers sending words and quotations to Murray. Over the next 17 years, he became one of the staffs most valued contributors.But he was also a mystery. In spite of many invitations, he would always decline to
16、 visit Oxford. So in 1897, Murray finally decided to travel to Crowthorne himself. When he arrived, he found Minor locked in a book-lined room at the Broadmoor Asylum（精神病院）for the Criminally Insane.Murray and Minor became friends, sharing their love of words. Minor continued contributing to the dict
17、ionary, sending in more than 10,000 submissions in 20 years. Murray continued to visit Minor regularly, sometimes taking walks with him around the asylum grounds.In 1910, Minor left Broadmoor for an asylum in his native America. Murray was at the port to wave goodbye to his remarkable friend.Minor d
18、ied in 1920, seven years before the first edition of the Oxford English Dictionary was completed. The 12 volumes defined 414, 825 words, and thousands of them were contributions from a very scholarly and devoted asylum patient.31. According to the text, the first Oxford English Dictionary_A. came ou
19、t before Minor diedB. was edited by an American volunteerC. included the English words invented by MurrayD. was intended to be the most ambitious English dictionary32. How did Dr. Minor contribute to the dictionary ?A. He went to England to work with Murray.B. He helped Murray to find hundreds of vo
20、lunteers.C. He sent newspapers, magazines and books to Murray.D. He provided a great number of words and quotations.33. Prof. Murray and Dr. Minor became friends mainly because_A. they both served in the Civil WarB. they had a common interest in wordsC. Minor recovered with the help of MurrayD. Murr
21、ay went to America regularly to visit MinorBThe Wake-up Call“Whats that?” my ten-year-old daughter, Genie, asked. Shed caught me laughing at a piece of mail Id just opened. “Wake-up service; $2.50 per call.” At the bottom was a phone number and a drawing of a rotary phone, like the one my great-aunt
22、 Sara had owned 40 years ago. “Is that mail funny?” Genie asked.“Not really,” I admitted. “Its just outdated.”“Whats a wake-up call？” She frowned. I explained how, before smart-phones, people sometimes paid someone to wake them with a call. “Who sent this flyer?” she pressed.“Probably someone older,
23、” I said, “and could use some money.”Her eyes lit up. “Can we order a wake-up?” she asked.“We dont need it.” I picked it up and headed for the recycling bin.“Wait!” she shrieked. “I feel sorry for the wake-up man, if he needs some money,” she said, tearing up. “Cant we order?”I looked at the flyer w
24、ith its drawing of a rotary phone. I remembered, again, my great-aunt Sara and her rotary phone. As a kid, Id visited her over Labor Day, when Jerry Lewis would host his charity event for the disabled kids. Aunt Sara would squeeze my hand, then reach for the rotary phone, dialing the number on the s
25、creen. Holding the receiver between us, wed announce to the operator, “Wed like to help those kids.”Now here was my own child, showing the same big heart Id once been encouraged to have, and how could I ignore her? I Googled the flyers return address. The address belonged to a man called Raymond. He
26、 was in his mid-60s. We called him and, holding the receiver between us, the way Aunt Sara and I used to, told him we needed his services. “Great!” Raymond said in a shaky but friendly voice, clearly amazed at receiving an order from a child. When I asked how to pay the $2.50, he answered, “Mail a c
27、heck.”Genie was happy all week. Friday night, I put the phone by her pillow so she could answer Raymonds call. She bounded to my bedroom to tell me all about how hed wished her a good morning and told her to have a great day, which she did.Technology has made some things outdated. But there are stil
28、l other things the world will always require. In the rush and hustle of my daily life, Id temporarily forgotten that. I guess I just needed a wake-up call.34. The author laughed at the mail because _.A. it was printed roughly B. the drawing in it was poorC. the wake-up call cost too much D. the serv
29、ice it offered was outdated 35. What did the author want to do with the flyer at first?A. Throw it away.B. Let Genie read it.C. Find out who sent it.D. Keep it away from Genie.36. What made the author finally decide to order a wake-up call?A. Her own childhood experience.B. The less fortunate wake-u
30、p man.C. Genies curiosity about the service.D. The information she found on Google.37. What might “other things” in the last paragraph refer to?A. Bravery and curiosity. B. Confidence and patience. C. Honesty and humor. D. Generosity and kindness.CA Good Nights SteepSleep plays a vital role in good
31、health and well-being throughout your life. While youre sleeping, your brain is forming new pathways to help you learn and remember information. Although we all know the importance of getting a good nights sleep, not all of us know the best way of getting it. A sleep expert, Phil Atherton, gave some
32、 top tips for getting the most out of the night, which will leave you ready for action in the morning.According to Phil Atherton, not eating a large meal before bedtime is important for getting a good nights sleep. The time difference between eating and sleeping should be at least three hours. So yo
33、ud better avoid eating any food three hours before bed, as it will lower your blood sugar during sleep and help minimize damage from too much sugar floating around.Its also important to find ways to prepare your body for sleep. You can follow a routine like trying not to expose yourself to too much
34、artificial light within 1 hour before bed, as your brain uses light to help set internal body clock. Although it might seem unnatural to schedule your sleep, the purpose is to send a signal to your body and mind that its time to sleep.Another way to prepare your body for sleep is to get into a relax
35、ed state by taking a bath or listening to soft music. Both of them will help to take the mind off the daytime pressures.Having a suitable bed, especially a suitable mattress (床垫), is necessary for a good nights sleep. Sleep is a personalized activity, and we all adopt different sleeping positions. F
36、inding the mattress that suits you will reduce back pains that can result from a poor sleeping position. The bed should be four to six inches longer than its tallest user, allowing for space to move around.The recent research is pretty clear that a good nights sleep in a major component of good heal
37、th. Since the start of the 21st century, studies have linked a lack of sleep to many diseases, such as diabetes and obesity. Taking action now will lead to long-term benefits for you and those around you.38. What does the author intend to tell us in the passage?A. When to start a sound sleep.B. How
38、to get a good nights sleep.C. What to do with sleep problems.D. Why to form a good habit of sleeping.39. According to the author, before going to sleep, youd better _.A. free yourself from tension B. check your blood sugarC. relieve your pain in the back D. record your biological clock40. What does
39、the underlined word it in Paragraph 2 refer to?A. Not eating food. B. Taking a meal.C. Not sleeping well. D. Having a good sleep.41. Which of the following shows the organization of the passage?CP: Central Point P: Point Sp: Sub-point (次要点) C: ConclusionDThere are two main types of office layouts us
40、ed by most companies around the world: Landscape Office and Enclosed Office. A landscape office lacks privacy, however, this office layout is more beneficial than an enclosed office for employees to improve work efficiency(效率) and productivity.Some people might desire an undisturbed workplace . Acco
41、rding to the survey collected from a company with the two kinds of office layouts, most of managers prefer a workplace where they can concentrate on their work and make a clear thinking. However, managers that possess their own enclosed offices might have the feeling of being distant from their cler
42、ks, which leads to high pressure. Meanwhile, employees tend to be nervous when they have conversations with their managers in an obviously hierarchical(等级制的) environment. In contrast, a landscape office makes it easier and more pleasant for employees to communicate with their managers or their colle
43、agues; this would result in speeding up work efficiency and productivity.Besides, greater interaction is beneficial for employees to build up friendship in a landscape office. This can be proved by the experiment of Brookes and Kaplan. They recorded the attitudes and opinions of 120 employees toward
44、 their enclosed office before they moved to the landscape office, and then after nine months they were tested again. The researchers discovered that those employees performed positive changes in group sociability. When people have better group sociability, they experience a better team work and effi
45、cient cooperation, which surely promotes work productivity. Some opponents claim that a landscape office would lead to the decline of the value of work satisfaction and motivation from employees. However, the result from other researchers remained controversial; in their opinion there are several fa
46、ctors which affect job satisfaction and motivation. 600 Canadian federal government department workers who were housed at a modern landscape office and were surveyed gave both negative and positive feedback. They admitted that they felt the sense of belonging to a team or a working community,which m
47、ainly contributes to jobsatisfaction. Motivation is also increased by a sense of responsibility for and loyalty to a team. Admittedly, there are some advantages that only enclosed offices possess. However, a landscape office can combine the features of the traditional enclosed office, for example, d
48、esigning the independent meeting room to decrease noise from discussion. Although the benefits of a landscape office outweigh those of an enclosed office, which layout is better should be decided by the characteristics of the people and the type of work they do.42. What is mainly talked about in the
49、 passage?A. Colleague cooperation and its motivation.B. Group sociability and its productivity. C. Working environment and its effect.D. Office privacy and its atmosphere.43. What has the significant effect on productivity according to Paragraph 2?A. Job satisfaction.B. Relaxed atmosphere. C. Group
50、sociability. D. Undisturbed workplace. 44. What can be inferred from the passage? A. Enclosed office leads to individual creativity. B. Different working styles in enclosed office is encouraged. C. Landscape office contributes to effective conversations.D. Frequent communication in landscape office
51、results in high pressure. 45. What is the authors attitude towards office layouts?A. Objective.B. Casual. C. Optimistic.D. Sceptical.第二节 共25分，5题Do Actions Speak Louder than Words?Our society is fast paced. We are all rushing from one place to the next, blowing our horn at slow drivers who may be sin
52、ging songs in the car with their children or pointing out some interesting sights. We dont have time for that silliness today. But we try to say to ourselves that we will make time for fun tomorrow. It is time to take a few deep breaths and think about our actions and our words. _46_Have you ever re
53、ally thought about the saying “Actions speak louder than words”? Think about it now. If you say one thing and act in an opposite way, will the words be ignored and just the actions remembered? I dont dont think so. _47_ It is also equally important to use words to show appreciation, love, approval a
54、nd happiness and then follow those words with a hug, pat on the back or smile._48_ What about that saying? True? Yes! Words carry a lot of weight and will be remembered for years especially when they are written down. Mean words can hurt for that moment and for a lifetime. I am sure that each of us
55、remembers a time when a friend made an unkind comment. _49_ Lets not be a member of that “club”. When was the last time that you hid a love note in a lunch box or in your mates coat pocket? If you want to see a bright smile, that will do it! The power of this written note will be remembered for many
56、 days, even years.“I can live for two months on a good compliment(夸奖)”, said Mark Twain. Children grow stronger when they feel appreciated and understood. _50_ A perfect way to turn a bad day around is to praise your child. “I noticed that your hair looked very nice today.” “Did you hang your coat u
57、p all by yourself?” It is amazing how those few words can change a childs outlook. almost immediately. Dont stop there. One of my sisters ended a phone conversation with three words -“I love you”! Boy, that put a spring in my step! Mark Twain is right. I still feel the positive effect of those three
58、 little but very powerful words.A. The pen is more powerful than the sword.B. Is it really reasonable to do something like that?C. Do they display the attitude that we want to convey?D. It is important to have your words match your actions.E. Behavior is a mirror in which everyone shows his image.F.
59、 Those words did lasting damage to you, the relationship or both.GDont be afraid to shower your child with encouraging words all day long.四、选词填空（20分，10题）从下面的词汇中，选择合适的词汇，填写在短文的空中。Practical experiment handled on behalf of extremely Acid constantly engaging worthwhile calmToday I would like to speak ab
60、out my science teacher Ms Zhang. I have been her student for two years. Ms Zhangs lessons are always so 51 . She uses lots of 52 examples to show us how things happen, which makes the lessons 53 interesting. She is also very patient. I remember once we were conducting a(n) 54 and I accidentally drop
61、ped some 55 on the floor. Instead of being angry, Ms Zhang 56 is so well by staying 57 and helping me clean it up. She is 58 working hard to share her love of science with us and I hope she knows that all of her efforts are 59 . Here, 60 my classmates and myself, I would like to say to Ms Zhang, “Ha
62、ppy Teachers Day!” 五、书面表达（15分） 假定你是李华，想邀请你的新西兰朋友Kevin参加你校将要举行的“劳动周”相关活动。请给他写 封邮件，内容包括：1.活动时间；2. 活动内容（如：校园环境美化、校内垃圾分类等）；3. 活动意义.参考词汇：Labour Week劳动周注意：1.词数100左右；2.可以适当增加细节，以使行文连贯。参考答案一、语法填空（15分,10题）A语法填空【答案】1. beseen 2. actually 3. on/upon【解析】本文是说明文，介绍了同龄人和朋友对我们会产生积极的影响。【1题详解】考查被动语态。句意：尽管同龄人的压力通常被视为是一
63、个非常消极的问题，但在某些情况下，它也可以被视为积极的。主语it指代 peer pressure，和see之间为逻辑上的被动关系，应该用被动语态，前面有情态动词can，后接动词原形；see是不规则变化动词，过去分词为seen。故填 be seen。【2题详解】考查副词。句意：朋友和同龄人实际上会影响你的选择。修饰动词 affect，用副词形式。故填 actually。【3题详解】考查固定短语。句意：选择结交好的朋友会对你产生很大的影响。短语 have an effect on/upon对有影响。故填on/upon。B语法填空【答案】4. the 5. turned 6. to develop【
64、解析】本篇短文是记叙文，讲述了清华大学毕业生郝景芳获得雨果奖后，转向教育，创办公益性的“童行学院”和“童行星球”。【4题详解】考查冠词。句意：2016年，她凭借短篇小说北京折叠获得雨果奖，成为中国首个获此殊荣的女作家。“雨果奖”是专有名词，前面需要加定冠词the，表特指。故填the。【5题详解】考查动词时态。句意：后来，这位作家转向了教育。短文叙述的是过去的事情，时间状语 later on表示过去的时间，因此用一般过去时。故填turned。【6题详解】考查非谓语动词。句意：她创办了教育公益性的“童行学院”和“童行星球”，以培养孩子们在课余的创造力。根据句意，此处用不定式作目的状语，意思为“为了
65、”。故填 to develop。C语法填空【答案】7. is considered 8. on 9. where 10. a【解析】本文是说明文。短文介绍了在不同的国家第一次见面时不同的风俗习惯。【7题详解】考查语态。句意：但在拉丁国家，有力的握手被认为是粗鲁无礼的。短文叙述的是客观事实，应该用一般现在时；主语a firm handshake和consider之间是逻辑上的被动关系，应该用被动语态；此处用一般现在时的被动语态； a firm handshake是单数形式，be动词应该用单数。 故填is considered。【8题详解】考查介词。句意：在我的国家毛里求斯，人们见面时通常会亲吻对
66、方的脸颊。根据句意，此处应是介词on；短语kiss sb on the cheeks“在脸颊上亲吻”。故填on。【9题详解】考查定语从句关系词。句意：这在法国也很常见，在那里这种行为被称为faire la bise。分析句子结构，“_ the act is called faire la bise”是定语从句，先行词France在从句中做地点状语，因此用where引导定语从句。故填where。【10题详解】考查冠词。句意：然而，这并不是一个普遍的规则。此处用不定冠词a表示数量，意思为“一个普遍的规则”；universal的发音是以辅音音素开头，因此用不定冠词a。 故填a。二、完形填空（30分，
67、20题）【答案】11. D 12. A 13. B 14. C 15. D 16. D 17. C 18. A 19. C 20. B 21. B 22. C 23. A 24. A 25. B 26. D 27. C 28. C 29. A 30. D【解析】【分析】这是一篇夹叙夹议文。讲述了作者对10年后儿子和儿子将来所处的世界的担忧和愿望。【11题详解】考查形容词词义辨析。句意：当2010年到来的时候，我的儿子只有一岁，小小的，需要依靠，他掌握了一些基本的词，但仍是我们欢迎来到这个世界的婴儿。A. special特殊的；B. generous慷慨的；C. intelligent聪明的；D
68、. dependent依靠的。由上文可知，儿子仅仅一岁，还很小，小孩子是需要依靠的。故选D。【12题详解】考查动词词义辨析。句意：当2010年到来的时候，我的儿子只有一岁，小小的，需要依靠的，他掌握了一些基本的词，但仍是我们欢迎来到这个世界的婴儿。A. welcomed欢迎 ；B. raised提升，养育；C. grown成长；D. congratulated祝贺。根据常识可知，面对自己的孩子降临到这个世界，当然是欢迎的了。短语welcome into意为“欢迎进入”；B选项raise意为“抚养”，是及物动词，后边直接接宾语；C选项不符合语境；D选项固定搭配为congratulate on，意
69、为“对某事表示祝贺”。故选A。【13题详解】考查名词词义辨析。句意：现在，我的孩子已经长成一个青少年高高的，强壮的，勇敢的；聪明的，一个黑泽明武士电影的爱好者。A. athlete运动员；B. adolescent青少年；C. artist艺术家；D. engineer工程师。根据下文“A _5_from now, in 2030, he will be an adult.”，可知在2030年，他会成为一个成年人，联系上文2010年他刚刚一岁，可知他现在是青少年。故选B。【14题详解】考查名词词义辨析。句意：现在，我的孩子已经长成一个青少年高高的，强壮的，勇敢的；聪明的，一个黑泽明武士电影的爱
70、好者。A. director导演；主任；B. author作家；C. lover爱好者；D. reader读者。根据下文“Akira Kurosawa samurai movies.（黑泽明武士电影）”，作者的儿子此时是个青少年，应该是武士电影的爱好者。故选C。【15题详解】考查名词词义辨析。句意：从现在开始十年后，在2030年，他将会成为一个成年人。A. month月；B. century一世纪；百年；C. year年；D. decade十年。根据下文“I expect the next 10 years to fly by,”，可知作者期待着下一个十年过去，因此此处是10年。故选D。【16
71、题详解】考查名词词义辨析。句意：我期待着下一个十年飞逝，这期间是充满着变化的。A. questions问题；B. experience经验；C. danger危险；D. change变化。10年后儿子会长大成人，10年将会飞逝而过，而这其中是充满变化的。故选D。【17题详解】考查动词词义辨析。句意：随着2020年的开始，我开始想我的儿子将会面对和经历的那种世界。A. create创造；B. notice注意；C. face面对；D. shake动摇。根据空格后的并列动词experience“经历”可知此处应为它的近义词，联系本句可知，作者在思考自己的儿子即将面对和经历的这个世界。故选C。【18
72、题详解】考查动词词义辨析。句意：我为他和所有和他同龄的年轻人担心。A. worry担忧；B. sacrifice牺牲；C. provide提供；D. arrange安排。根据下文作者对这个世界现存的问题提出的希望可知，在这里作者担心自己的儿子及所有他这个年龄的年轻人。故选A。【19题详解】考查名词词义辨析。句意：对于我儿子和他这一代人生活的世界，我有几个愿望。A. plans计划；B. methods方法；C. hopes愿望；D. choices选择。根据下一段提示“I hope we finally get.”可知作者有一些愿望。故选C。【20题详解】考查形容词词义辨析。句意：我希望我们最
73、终能认真对待气候变化的问题。A. particular特别的；B. serious严肃的；C. optimistic乐观的；D. enthusiastic热情的。下文提到气候变化是一个严重的问题，此处表示作者希望能够认真对待。固定搭配be serious about意为“认真对待”，故选B。【21题详解】考查动词词义辨析。句意：海平面在上升。A. drying变干；B. rising上升；C. growing成长；D. cooling变凉。由前文中“Polar ice is melting.”可知海平面应该是在上升，下文第五段中也提到了“rising oceans”，故选B。【22题详解】考查
74、介词短语辨析。句意：这个问题不再是我们是否能阻止气候变化，而是我们是否愿意、是否能够去做任何使它变慢的事。A. for sure无疑；B. as usual像往常一样；C. no longer不再；D. till now到现在为止。but连接前后为转折关系，后一句是肯定语气，那么前一句应该是否定语气。故选C。【23题详解】考查动词词义辨析。句意：这个问题不再是我们是否能阻止气候变化，而是我们是否愿意、是否能够去任何使它变慢的事。A. slow变慢；B. record记录；C. complete完成；D. oppose反对。联系上文可知，it指代climate change，结合段意可知，我们不
75、能阻止，但能减缓气候变化。故选A。【24题详解】考查动词词义辨析。句意：我不确定一个温暖的星球将会对我儿子的一生意味着什么。A. mean表示的意思；B. obtain获得；C. share分享；D. seek寻找。根据后句提示“I suspect it means hell live in a world.”可知作者不确定全球变暖对于儿子的生活意味着什么。mean属词汇复现。故选A。【25题详解】考查动词短语辨析。句意：我怀疑它意味着，他生活在一个国家和团体争夺有限资源比如干净的水和食物的世界。A. pick up捡起；B. fight over争夺；C. turn down关小；D. ta
76、ke part参与。根据下文“but from other humans competing for control over ”可知，作者在猜想这意味着他将活在一个国家和团体争夺有限资源比如干净的水和食物的世界，应选fight over “为争斗”。其他选项均不符合句意。故选B。【26题详解】考查动词词义辨析。句意：这意味着气候变化的危险将不仅仅来自海平面上升，更来自人类为了控制所剩下的资源的竞争。A. finished完成；B. continued继续；C. started开始；D. left留下。结合文章，根据上文中提到的“limited resources”可知，气候变化的危害不仅仅来
77、自海平面上升，更有人类为了掌控剩下的资源的竞争。故选D。【27题详解】考查名词词义辨析。句意：关于如何解决我们面临的挑战，这个世界总是充满争论。A. aims目标；B. examples例子；C. disagreements分歧；D. results结果。根据“how to solve the challenges we face”可知此处应该是人类关于应对挑战的争论。故选C。【28题详解】考查动词词义辨析。句意：我也希望我儿子这一代人学会寻找正义但要怀着博大的心和谦卑去这样做，意识到我们共同的人性，即使是那些和我们不一样的人。A. escape 逃脱；B. express表达；C. seek
78、寻找；D. affect影响。根据but to do so with big heart and humility，recognizing our common humanity(人性），可知此处应为寻求公正。故选C。【29题详解】考查动词短语词义辨析。句意：我也希望我儿子这一代人学会寻找正义但要怀着博大的心和谦卑去这样做，意识到我们共同的人性，即使与那些和我们不一样的人。A. differ from与不同；B. agree with同意；C. refer to提及；D. call for需要。本句中的even意为“即使”，表前后转折，结合句意“要意识到共同的人性，即使是与我们不同的人。”可知
79、，前为“common”，则后应该为“differ from”。故选A。【30题详解】考查动词词义辨析。句意：2030年的世界不会自我建设。A. blame责备；B. admire赞赏；C. prove证明；D. build建造。根据下一句“We are creating it now”可知此处应为“create”的近义词。表示2030年的世界不会自己建造。故选D。【点睛】完型填空试题中，有些词语常常重复出现在语篇之中。词汇复现的语用意义使得语篇中的句子相互衔接和连贯。因此，在阅读文章的过程中，会发现一些与选项意义紧密相连的同义词或近义词，要学会充分利用这些词提供的有效信息进行合理的推测和判断。
80、如本文第14小题根据后句提示“I suspect it means hell live in a world. ”可知作者不确定全球变暖对于儿子的生活意味着什么。mean属词汇复现。三、阅读理解第一节 45分，15题A【答案】31. D 32. D 33. B【解析】本文是记叙文。文章讲述了Minor博士对第一部牛津英语词典的编撰所作出的巨大贡献。【31题详解】细节理解题。文章第一段中提到“In 1879, Oxford University in England asked Prof. James Murray to serve as editor for what was to be th
81、e most ambitious dictionary in the history of the English language.（1879年，英国牛津大学请James Murray教授担任将会成为英语语言史上最宏大的词典的编辑）可知，第一部牛津英语字典当时旨在成为英国语言史上最宏大的英语词典。故选D。【32题详解】细节理解题。文章第三段中提到“Minor joined the army of volunteers sending words and quotations to Murray.（Minor加入了给Murray发送词语和引文的志愿者队伍）”；第五段中提到“Minor cont
82、inued contributing to the dictionary, sending in more than 10,000 submissions in 20 years.（Minor继续为该词典撰稿，在20年的时间里发送了1万多份稿件）”，由此可知，Minor给词典提供了大量的词语和引文。故选D。【33题详解】细节理解题。根据第五段中“Murray and Minor became friends, sharing their love of words.”可知，Murray和Minor成为了朋友是因为他们都热爱文字。故选B。B【答案】34. D 35. A 36. A 37. D【
83、解析】试题分析：本文是一篇记叙文，讲述女儿想订购电话叫醒服务，作者认为没有必要。但当作者回忆起自己小时的经历，她同意的女儿的要求，这个故事告诉我们在科学技术进步的今天，善良的心仍然是我们所需要的。【34题详解】D 细节理解题。根据文中第二、三段Is that mail funny?” Genie asked. 及“Not really,” I admitted. “Its just outdated.”可知，女儿问那封信很有趣吗？作者回答不有趣，它过时了，故选D项。【35题详解】A 细节理解题。根据第八段“We dont need it.” I picked it up and headed
84、for the recycling bin.”可知，作者准备把它扔到垃圾箱，故选A项。【36题详解】A 推理判断题。倒数第四段提到作者想到自己童年的经历（姑姑萨拉带她拨旋转电话），所以决定预定这项服务，故选A项。【37题详解】D 词句猜测题。根据文章第四段“ I explained how, before smart-phones, people sometimes paid someone to wake them with a call.”（我解释了，在智能手机出现之前，人们是如何付钱让别人用电话叫醒他们的）以及最后一段提到“Technology has made some things
85、outdated. ”（科技让一些东西过时）可知，此处是说虽然科技的发展让人们不再需要叫醒服务，但有时我们还是需要别人善意的提醒，由此可知，其他的东西指的就是“慷慨和仁慈”，故选D项。 考点：考查日常生活类阅读C【答案】38. B 39. A 40. A 41. C【解析】本文是说明文，文章强调了睡眠跟健康生活的密切关系，以及如何提高睡眠质量提出了几点建议。【38题详解】主旨大意题。通读文章可知，第一段引出如何获得更好睡眠？接下来举出了几个提高睡眠质量的例子，故选B。【39题详解】细节理解题。根据第四段中“Another way to prepare your body for sleep i
86、s to get into a relaxed state.”可知，睡前要放松，不要紧张。故选A。【40题详解】词义猜测题。根据第二段中“youd better avoid eating any food three hours before bed.”可知，it指代的是不要吃东西，故选A。【41题详解】推理判断题。根据全文可知，首段提出论题：如何提高睡眠质量？之后列举分论点。第二段讲述饮食方面：睡前3 小时别吃东西；第三段和第四段都是阐述如何去prepare your body for sleep：可以减少接触光源，也可以听歌，洗澡放松你的状态；第五段阐述与睡觉相关的信息：如准备好宽敞的床，
87、舒适的床垫以及注意睡姿。尾段总结升华：进一步强调睡眠质量与健康的关系。故C正确。D【答案】42. C 43. B 44. C 45. A【解析】这是一篇说明文。文章主要说明了景观办公室和封闭式办公室这两种不同类型的办公室布局，他们的不同布局特点以及不同的布局对工作效率的影响等。【42题详解】主旨大意题。根据第一段第一句There are two main types of office layouts used by most companies around the world: Landscape Office and Enclosed Office.可知，世界上大多数公司使用的办公室布局
88、主要有两种：景观办公室和封闭式办公室。结合本文章主要讲述了两种不同类型的办公室布局、不同的布局的特点以及不同的布局对工作效率的影响等。故C选项“工作环境及其影响”符合文章主旨大意。故选C。【43题详解】细节理解题。根据第二段中Meanwhile, employees tend to be nervous when they have conversations with their managers in an obviously hierarchical environment. In contrast, a landscape office makes it easier and more
89、 pleasant for employees to communicate with their managers or their colleagues; this would result in speeding up work efficiency and productivity.可知，与此同时，员工在一个明显的等级环境中与经理交谈时，往往会感到紧张。相比之下，景观办公室让员工更容易、更愉快地与经理或同事交流；这将提高工作效率和生产率。由此可知，轻松的氛围对生产力有显著的影响。故选B。【44题详解】推理判断题。根据第三段中The researchers discovered that
90、 those employees performed positive changes in group sociability. When people have better group sociability, they experience a better team work and efficient cooperation, which surely promotes work productivity.可知，研究人员发现，这些员工在群体社交方面表现出积极的变化。当人们有更好的群体社交能力时，他们会体验到更好的团队合作和高效的合作，这肯定会提高工作效率。由此可推知，景观办公室有助
91、于有效对话沟通。故选C。【45题详解】推理判断题。根据最后一段Although the benefits of a landscape office outweigh those of an enclosed office, which layout is better should be decided by the characteristics of the people and the type of work they do.以及文章主要说明了景观办公室和封闭式办公室这两种不同类型的办公室布局，他们的不同布局特点以及不同的布局对工作效率的影响等。作者都是客观公正的进行了描述，不同的类
92、型都有各自的优点与缺点，但哪种布局更好应该由员工的特点和工作类型来决定。故作者的观点是客观的。故选A。第二节 共25分，5题【答案】46. C 47. D 48. A 49. F 50. G【解析】本文是一篇议论文。通过一系列的说明，解释了文字，语言的重要性以及对人的影响。作者告诉我们语言对人们有终生的影响，因此我们要鼓励赞美孩子，不要使用刻薄的话讽刺挖苦孩子。【46题详解】考查句意理解和上下文语境理解。根据第一段最后一句中It is time to take a few deep breaths and think about our actions and our words（到了该好好考
93、虑我们的行为和言语的时候了。）与选项C中的they对应可知。因此C选项切题。Do they display the attitude that we want to convey?“它们（我们的行为和言语）传达了我们想要表达的态度了吗？”。故选C。【47题详解】考查句意理解和上下文语境理解。根据此空后It is also equally important to use words to show appreciation和选项D中It is important对应可知D项切题。It is important to have your words match your actions.“使你的
94、言行与行为相符这很重要”。故选D。【48题详解】考查句意理解和上下文语境理解。后句What about that saying?（这一谚语怎么样？）提到的saying既是指The pen is more powerful than the sword.（笔杆子比宝剑还要锋利），文章中的Words carry a lot of weight也解释了这一谚语的含义。故选A。【49题详解】考查句意理解和上下文语境理解。上句I am sure that each of us remembers a time when a friend made an unkind comment.（我确信每个人都记得
95、有时候，某个朋友会做出不友善的评论。）提到的made an unkind comment与选项F中的Those words对应。因此F选项切题。Those words did lasting damage to you, the relationship or both.这些话语会对你和你们之间的关系造成持久的伤害。故选F。【50题详解】考查句意理解和上下文语境理解。由最后一段讲述了赞美的重要性可知空格处应该与鼓励赞美相关，从段落中I still feel the positive effect of those three little but very powerful words和I c
96、an live for two months on a good compliment（夸奖）也能看出G选项切题。Dont be afraid to shower your child with encouraging words all day long.“不要害怕把鼓励的语言如雨般倾注在孩子身上”。故选G。四、选词填空（20分，10题）【答案】51. engaging 52. practical 53. extremely 54. experiment 55. acid 56. handled 57. calm 58. constantly 59. worthwhile 60. on be
97、half of【解析】本文是一篇记叙文。文章讲述了张老师的课堂生动有趣以及老师对作者的帮助。作者代表全班同学祝张老师教师节快乐。【51题详解】考查形容词。句意：张老师的课总是那么引人入胜。在be动词后应该是形容词作表语；根据句意，此处应是形容词engaging，意思为“迷人的”。故填engaging。【52题详解】考查形容词。句意：她用许多实例向我们展示事情是如何发生的，这使得课程非常有趣。修饰名词examples，应该用形容词；根据句意，此处应是形容词practical，意思为“实践的，实用的”。故填practical。【53题详解】考查副词。句意：她用许多实例向我们展示事情是如何发生的，这
98、使得课程非常有趣。修饰形容词interesting，应该用副词形式；根据句意，此处应是副词extremely，意思为“极其，非常”。故填extremely。【54题详解】考查名词。句意：我记得有一次我们在做一个实验。不定冠词a(n)后面应该是单数名词；根据句意，此处应是名词experiment，意思为“实验”。故填experiment。【55题详解】考查名词。句意：我不小心把一些酸掉在地上了。在some后面应该是名词，在句中作宾语；根据句意，此处应是名词acid，意思为“酸”。故填acid。【56题详解】考查动词。句意：张老师没有生气，而是冷静下来，帮我清理干净，将事情妥善处理。所填词在句中作
99、谓语，应该是动词；根据句意，此处应是动词handle，意思为“应对，处理”；句子叙述的是过去的事情，应该用一般过去时。故填handled。【57题详解】考查形容词。句意：张老师没有生气，而是冷静下来，帮我清理干净，将事情妥善处理。在系动词stay后应该是形容词作表语；根据句意，此处应是形容词calm；短语stay calm意思为“保持冷静，保持平静”。故填calm。【58题详解】考查副词。句意：她不断在努力地与我们分享她对科学的热爱。修饰动词短语work hard，应该用副词形式；根据句意，此处应是副词constantly，意思为“不断地，经常地。”故填constantly。【59题详解】考查
100、形容词。句意：我希望她知道她所有的努力都是值得的。在be动词后应该是形容词作表语；根据句意，此处应是形容词worthwhile，意思为“值得的”。故填worthwhile。【60题详解】考查介词短语。句意：在此，我代表我的同学和我自己，想对张老师说：“教师节快乐!”。根据句意，此处应是短语on behalf of，意思为“代表”。故填on behalf of。五、书面表达（15分）61. 【答案】Dear Kevin,I feel extremely delighted to inform you that our school will hold some relevant activiti
101、es during the upcoming Labour Week. Im writing to invite you to experience the great activities.The Labour Week will start on June 10th and last for five days, when we will hold various activities. To beautify our school, we will plant trees that are definitely good for our physical and mental well-
102、being. Moreover, its a wonderful idea to sort garbage in an eco-friendly way, making our campus cleaner and more fascinating. There is also a labor knowledge competition which is so rewarding that we cant afford to miss it.As for the significance, we can benefit a lot undoubtedly. Our awareness of l
103、abour can be developed. Besides, we will learn to cherish and respect the fruits of peoples work.Looking forward to your favorable reply.Yours sincerely,Li Hua【解析】【分析】本篇写作属于应用文，主要是邀请新西兰的朋友Kevin参加学校举行的劳动周活动。【详解】第一步：审题体裁：应用文时态：根据提示，时态应为一般现在时和一般将来时。结构：总分法。总分法指把主题句作为总说，把支持句作为分说，并以这种方式安排所写内容。写作要求：1. 活动时间
104、；（the time of this activity）2. 活动内容（如：校园环境美化、校内垃圾分类等）；（the content of this activity）3. 活动意义。（the significance of this activity）第二步：列提纲 （重点词组）inform; relevant; upcoming; various; beautify; definitely; physical and mental; as for the significance; undoubtedly; cherish第三步：连词成句I want to inform you that
105、our school will hold some relevant activities during the upcoming Labour Week.Im writing to invite you to experience the great activities.We will plant trees that are definitely good for our physical and mental well-being.We will hold various activities to support our Labour Week. Its a wonderful id
106、ea to sort garbage in an eco-friendly way.Sorting garbage can make our campus cleaner and more fascinating.As for the significance, we can benefit a lot undoubtedly.Our awareness of labour can be developed.We will learn to cherish and respect the fruits of peoples work.在进行造句的时候一定要注意时态和语态上面的问题。第四步：连句
107、成篇（衔接词）1. 文章的结构顺序：劳动周具体时间和地点；劳动周的活动内容；劳动周的实际意义。2.表并列补充关系：What is more, Besides, Moreover, Furthermore, In addition As well as, not onlybut (also), including,连句成文，注意使用恰当的连词进行句子之间的衔接与过渡，书写一定要规范清晰.第五步：润色修改【点睛】范文内容完整，要点全面，语言规范，语篇连贯，词数适当，上下文意思连贯，符合逻辑关系。范文开头I feel extremely delighted to inform you that ou
108、r school will hold some relevant activities during the upcoming Labour Week. 既使用了一个宾语从句，又开门见山的点出了写作的主题和目的。此外范文中形容词和副词用得特别好，比如extremely和definitely等，都能够表达出作者的情感。 还用到了非谓语结构Moreover, its a wonderful idea to sort garbage in an eco-friendly way, making our campus cleaner and more fascinating. 文章思路清晰，层次分明，上下句转换自然。为文章增色添彩。
