1、Unit 5 The power of natureGrammarthe ing Form教案Teaching aimsEnable the students to master the v-ing form used as an adverbialTeaching important &difficult pointsHow to enable the students to know v-ing form used as an adverbialTeaching aidstape recorder, slidesTeaching proceduresStep1 Lead inExamine
2、 the sentences below and tell the similarity and difference between these two sentences.Looking carefully at the ground, I made my way to the edge of the crater.Having experienced quite a few earthquakes in Hawaii already, I didnt take my notice.The ing form can be used as an adverbial in a sentence
3、 to give information about time, reasons or results. We use the construction having+past participle to refer to an action that took place before the time expressed by the main verb.Grammaring 形式作状语一、ing形式作状语,可以表示时间、原因、结果、条件、让步、行为方式、伴随状况等。 用法例句时间Crossing the road, he was ran over by a car. Having don
4、e their homework, the students played football. 原因Not knowing English, he couldnt understand the film. Having lived in Shanghai, he knows the place very well. 条件Working hard, you will do well in the exam. Turning to the left, you will see the post office.让步Working or reading, she always did her best
5、.Not being a rich man himself, he helped thepoor generously. 伴随The children went into the classroom, talkingand laughing. She sat there, staring at the ceiling. 结果His parents died in the war, leaving him anorphan. The child fell, striking his head against thedoor and cutting it.二、 ing形式的完成式句型主动Havin
6、g +p.p. , 主语+谓语被动(Having been) +p.p, 主语+谓语用法-ing完成式所表示的动作发生在句中谓语动词所表示的动作之前，一般在句中作时间或原因状语用被动语态-ing完成式所表示的动作发生在谓语动词所表示的动作之前，在句中一般作状语用 例句Having answered the letter, she went on to read an English novel. Having been shown the lab, we were taken to see the library.三、学习-ing形式作状语的用法时,需要注意以下四点:一、与过去分词作状语的区别
7、。 一般来说,-ing形式表示主动、进行;过去分词表示被动、完成。试比较: Theenemyfledinapanic,leavingbehindalotofdeadbodiesandweapons. Defeatedandfrightened,theenemyfledinapanic. 分析:前一例中的-ing形式短语在句子中作伴随状语,它与其逻辑主语theenemy之间为主动关系;后一句中的过去分词defeated和frightened表原因,它与其逻辑主语theenemy之间为被动关系。二、分词(短语)作状语时，其逻辑主语必须与句子的主语一致。如果不一致，必须用独立主格结构来表示，也就是在
8、分词前面加上它的逻辑主语。1. Comparing all the great people with each other, youll find that they have much in common. 2. Finding her car stolen, she hurried to a policeman for help.3. The train having gone, we had to wait another day.分析:前两例中,-ing形式的逻辑主语均为主句的主语。最后一例中having gone的逻辑主语是 the train。 三、 -ing形式的否定式。其基本
9、结构是:not + -ing形式,无论在完成式还是被动式里,not必须置于-ing形式之前。如: Not having finished his homework, the boy was still doing it in the classroom. 四、-ing形式(短语)的功能有时相当于一个状语从句。 根据这个性质,我们在使用-ing形式作状语时,切记不要在前面或后面的句子前用连词连接。如: Walkingonthefallenleavesinautumn,soyoullfeelverycomfortable.() 分析:如前所述,-ing形式短语相当于一个状语从句,所以后半句中的连词
10、so的使用是错误的,应该去掉。原句应改为: Walkingonthefallenleavesinautumn,youllfeelverycomfortable.Exercises请用括号里所给动词的适当形式填空: 1. _ (live) in a southern city of China, I have never seen such a wonderful snow view. 2. _ (not grow) up yet, youre not allowed to enter the bars. 3. _ (encourage) by the director, the actors
11、performed wonderfully in the play. 4. _ (Know) all this, they made me pay for the damage. 5. The students are sitting in the reading-room, _ (read) all kinds of books. 二、单项选择The great hall was crowded with many people, _ many children _on their parents laps. A. including; seated B. including; seatin
12、g C. included; sat D. included; sitting 2. _ for a long time, most of the crops in this area died from lacking water. A. Being no rain B. There was no rain C. To be no rain D. There being no rainHis letter, _ to the wrong number, reached me late. A. having been addressed B. to have addressed C. to h
13、ave been addressed D. being addressed 4You cant catch me Janet shouted, _away. (NMET2005全国卷3)A. run B. running C. to run D. ran5More and more people are signing up for Yoga classes nowadays, _ advantage of the healthy and relaxation benefits. (NMET2005上海卷)A. taking B. taken C. having taken D. having been taken6_ in the queue for half an hour , Tom suddenly realized that he had left his wallet at home. (NMET2004北京卷)