1、2020 年高考英语模拟试题及答案（十）第一部分阅读理解（共两节，满分 40 分）第一节（共 15 小题；每小题 2 分，满分 30 分）阅读下列短文，从每题所给的 A、B、C 和 D 四个选项中，选出最佳选项。AKQED is a Public Broadcasting Service station in California,US.The station isowned by Northern California Public Broadcasting.Some of its radio programs are asfollows:The CoolerAs one of the mo
2、st popular programs among young listeners,the Cooler is apodcast(博客)about pop culture stories and music,presented in a smart,fun andpersonal way.Come and join us on our journey.Time:MON-THU,8 pm9 pm.Here&NowA live production,in cooperation with stations across the country,Here&Nowreflects the world
3、of news as its happening in the middle of the day,with timely,in-depth news,interviews and conversation.Hosted by Robin YoungTime:MON-THU,11am1 pm Mind ShiftThe Mind Shift podcast explores the innovations(创 新)in education that areshaping how kids learn.Hosts Ki Sung and Katrina Schwartz introduce li
4、steners toeducators,researchers,parents and students who are developing effective ways toimprove how kids learn.They cover topics like how teachers are developing surprisingmethods to deal with classroom disruptions;how listening to podcasts is helping kidsdevelop reading skills.Time:THU-SUN,7 pm9 p
5、m Living on EarthLiving on Earth is a weekly news and information program about the worldschanging environment,ecology,and human health.If theres something new aboutclimate change,environmental politics or environmental quality and human health,you can count on Host Steve Curwood and the LOE public
6、radio news team to keepyou up to date.Time:WED,9 am10 am1.At what time can the audience enjoy pop culture stories?A.Tuesday,8 pm9pm.B.Wednesday,9 am10 am.C.Friday,8 pm9pm.D.Sunday,7pm9pm.2.From which radio program can listeners pick up news at noon?A.The Cooler.B.Here&Now.C.Mind Shift.D.Living on Ea
7、rth.3.Which of these topics might be covered in Living on Earth?A.Education policies.B.Economic problems.C.Human population.D.Global warming.【答案】1.A2.B3.D【语篇解读】这是一篇应用文。文章介绍了美国加利福尼亚的公共广播服务中心 KQED的节目，包括节目内容、播出时间等。1.细节理解题。根据文中“The Cooler”这一部分提到“As one of the most popularprograms among young listeners,t
8、he Cooler is a podcast（博客）about pop culturestories and music,”the cooler 是关于流行音乐的节目，其播出时间为周一至周四，根据题目要求，A 项符合题意，故选 A。2.细节理解题。文章“Here&Now”部分提到该节目播出时间为周一至周四，上午 11 点至下午 1 点，B 项符合题意，故选 B。3.细节理解题。文章“Living on Earth”部分提到“Living on Earth is a weekly news andinformation program about the worlds changing envi
9、ronment,ecology,and humanhealth.”该节目是关于全球环境、生态、人类健康等方面。D 项符合题意，故选 D。BIn the trailer(拖 车 式 房 屋)，Sischo was refreshing the snails(锅 牛）accommodations-anongoing routine that takes days of careful work.He hadfound a dozen of Achatinella bulimoides-a third of the worlds population of thespecies.Once every
10、 individual was accounted for,he cleaned the cage and packed innew leaves.The work took much trouble,but the responsibility,he said,was like“aheavy weight sitting on you.”The trailer is very vulnerable.Its designed to keep away would-be thieved,and toresist hurricanes.But a fire could easily destroy
11、 it,or a disease could sweep through it.Last September,a mystery pathogon（病原体）appeared to have entered the trailer onleaves fed to the snails,killing almost an entire species.As sad as the event was,theres no good way to insure against future catastrophe.The snails cant simply be spreadamong zoos or
12、 other facilities:they need special equipment,experienced handlers,and a diet of native Hawaiian plants.Consequently,it can be hard for the snails minders to relax,even when they areoutside the trailer.“How do you switch off when your decisions mean existence orextinction?Sischo said.While action li
13、ghtens the burden,yet with animals whosenatural history is largely unknown,that action can be dangerous.If you do it wrong,the snails die.”Snails are neither intelligent nor beloved.Sischos friends sometimes tease himabout being the strange snail guy;strangers ask why he cares.Its hard to convincepe
14、ople,but he insists that if he can just get them in the trailer,they will understandwhy the Achatinella bulimoides are worth saving.People melt,he said“When youshow them that the entire population is in this chamber,it hits them.4.What is the trailer used for?A.Accommodating guestsB.Sheltering snail
15、sC.Planting vegetables.D.Alarming thieves.5.What does the underlined word“vulnerable mean in paragraph?A.Quite.B.Safe.C.Easily affected.D.Well protected.6.What is the snail minders attitude towards their job?A.Relaxed.B.Confident.C.CautiousD.Disapproving7.Which of the following could be the best tit
16、le for the text?A.The Last of Its KindB.The Worst of TimesC.Mourn Its LossD.Resist Possible Dangerous【答案】4.B5.C6.C7.A【语篇解读】本文为说明文。主要说明为了拯救濒临灭绝的蜗牛物种，人类为它们制作了特殊的设备-拖车式房屋，经验丰富的驯养员和夏威夷本地植物的饮食，这些都有益于蜗牛的保护。4.推理判断题。根据第二段的内容“The trailer.Its designed to keep away would-bethieved,and to resist hurricanes.But
17、a fire could easily destroy it,or a disease couldsweep through it.As sad as the event was,theres no good way to insure againstfuture catastrophe.The snails cant simply be spread among zoos or other facilities:they need special equipment.”可知，拖车房屋很脆弱。它的设计是为了避免可能被盗，抵御飓风。但是火灾很容易摧毁它，或者疾病可以席卷它。.，但没有好的办法来防
18、止未来的灾难。蜗牛不能简单地在动物园或其他设施中生存：它们需要特殊的设备.。这个特殊的设备就是 the trailer。由此可知，这个和 the trailer 是给蜗牛住的房子，是收容蜗牛，为其遮风挡雨的。分析选项可知，故 B 项符合题意。5.猜测词义题。根据划线词 The trailer is very vulnerable 后的内容“Its designed tokeep away would-be thieved,and to resist hurricanes.But a fire could easily destroy it,or a disease could sweep th
19、rough it.Last September,a mystery pathogen appearedto have entered the trailer on leaves fed to the snails,killing almost an entire species.”拖车房屋的设计是为了防止潜在的盗窃，并抵御飓风。但是一场火灾可以轻易地摧毁它，或者一种疾病可以席卷它。由此可推断出，这种拖车房屋很容易被火烧，疾病可摧毁它，所以它是易受其他因素影响的。故选 C。6.推理判断题。根据第三段 it can be hard for the snails minders to relax,e
20、ven whenthey are outside the trailer.“How do you switch off when your decisions meanexistence or extinction?yet with animals whose natural history is largely unknown,that action can be dangerous.If you do it wrong,the snails die.”蜗牛的看护人员即使在拖车房外也很难放松.“你的决定会影响它们的生存或毁灭，你怎么能不担心呢？”但对于自然基本一无所知的动物来说，这种行动可能
21、是危险的。如果你做错了，蜗牛就会死。由此可知，蜗牛看护者对待他们的态度是谨慎小心的。分析选项 A.Relaxed.放松的；B.Confident自信的；C.Cautious 谨慎小心的；D.Disapproving 反对的。可知 C 项符合题意，故选 C。7.主旨大意题。根据第一段中的“.He had found a dozen of Achatinella bulimoides-athird of the worlds population of the species”一天他发现了 12 种蜗牛，占世界蜗牛总数的三分之一。第二段中的“Last September,a mystery pat
22、hogon（病原体）appeared tohave entered the trailer on leaves fed to the snails,killing almost an entire species.”去年 9 月,一个谜似的(病原体进入了拖车中蜗牛吃的树叶,几乎杀死整个物种。第三段中的“How do you switch off when your decisions mean existence or extinction?”Sischosaid。“你的决定会影响它们的生存或毁灭，你怎么能不担心呢？你的决定会影响它们的生存或毁灭，你怎么能不担心呢？”由此可推断出：这种蜗牛的数
23、量极少，也就是说“这种物种最后的几条蜗牛“。分析选项可知 A 项“这种物种最后的几条蜗牛”为短文最佳标题。故选 A。CFood experts say washing could spread the germs on your turkey in the kitchensink or nearby food.But its been a challenge trying to convince cooks to stop rinsing（冲洗）off raw poultry.Germs that can make people sick are common in the guts ofhe
24、althy poultry and are legally allowed to be on raw turkey and chicken.Theassumption is that nobody eats their poultry raw,and that thorough cooking will killthe bacteria.The do not wash raw poultry advice from the USDA is relatively new andperhaps hasnt caught on because it goes against the common b
25、elief that washingmakes things clean,said Chapman.Benjamin Chapman,a study author and foodsafety expert at North Carolina State University,said the instinct to wash raw poultrygoes back at least decades when people relied more on visual clues to spot problemswith poultry.Meanwhile,washing hands and
26、surfaces are also important.But food preparation is a complicated act,and germs from poultry can be spreadeven if its not washed,especially when birds are removed from packaging.The USDA-funded study stresses that point.Researchers sprayed raw chicken witha harmless strain of E.coli（大肠杆菌）and watched
27、 volunteer cooks at test kitchens.Among those who washed their raw chicken,about a quarter ended up spreading thebacteria to their lettuce.But even some of those who did not rinse the chicken gotgerms on the lettuce.And there are other opportunities for germs to survive onturkeys:melting and cooking
28、.To ensure a bird is thoroughly cooked,they say to use a thermometer to checkthat the deepest and thickest parts of it have reached 165 degrees.Even after themeal is cooked,you arent out of the danger zone.To keep turkeys and other leftoverssafe,experts say they should be refrigerated after two hour
29、s.8.People dont accept USDAs advice because_.A.the advice is relatively newB.cleaning seems more trustworthyC.cooks clean the turkey before cooking itD.heat can kill most germs and no one eats raw food9.What can be concluded from Paragraph 4?A.Food packages carry germs.B.Hands and surfaces are easy
30、to get E.coli.C.Germs from a turkey can be spread whether it is washed or not.D.Multiple methods should be applied to food to get rid of germs.10.Which way may help to cook a turkey safely?A.Rinse off the turkey before it is heated.B.Keep the turkey away from the lettuce and refrigerator.C.Wash hand
31、s and packages before taking out the turkey.D.Use a thermometer to check the temperature of the turkey.11.From which section of a magazine is the text probably taken?A.Culture.B.Science.C.Education.D.Medicine.【答案】8.B9.C10.D11.B【语篇解读】本文是一篇说明文，介绍了食品专家说清洗可能会在厨房水槽或附近的食物中传播火鸡身上的细菌，但美国农业部的研究强调无论是否被清洗，火鸡身上
32、的细菌都会传播，同时指出用温度计检查火鸡的温度有助于安全地烹饪火鸡。8.细节理解题。根据第二段中的“The do not wash raw poultry advice from theUSDA is relatively new and perhaps hasnt caught on because it goes against thecommon belief that washing makes things clean,said Chapman.”可知，查普曼说，美国农业部提出的“不清洗生禽”的建议相对较新，但可能还没有流行起来，因为这违背了人们普遍认为的“清洗可以使东西干净”的观念
33、，由此可知，人们不接受美国农业部的建议是因为清洗似乎更值得信赖，故 B 项正确。9.推理判断题。根据第四段中的“Among those who washed their raw chicken,about aquarter ended up spreading the bacteria to their lettuce.But even some of those whodid not rinse the chicken got germs on the lettuce.And there are other opportunitiesfor germs to survive on turke
34、ys:melting and cooking.”可知，在那些清洗生鸡肉的人中，约四分之一的人最终将细菌传播到生菜上，但即使是一些没有清洗鸡肉的人，生菜上也有细菌，火鸡身上的细菌还有其他生存的机会：融化和烹饪，由此可知，不管火鸡是否被清洗，它身上的细菌都会传播，故 C 项正确。10.细节理解题。根据最后一段中的“To ensure a bird is thoroughly cooked,they say touse a thermometer to check that the deepest and thickest parts of it have reached 165degrees.”可
35、知，为了确保一只家禽被彻底煮熟，他们说要用温度计检查它最深和最厚的部分是否达到 165 度，由此可知，用温度计检查火鸡的温度有助于安全地烹饪火鸡，故 D 项正确。11.推理判断题。通读全文可知，本文主要介绍了食品专家说清洗可能会在厨房水槽或附近的食物中传播火鸡身上的细菌，但美国农业部的研究强调无论是否被清洗，火鸡身上的细菌都会传播，同时指出用温度计检查火鸡的温度有助于安全地烹饪火鸡，这属于科学范畴，因此这篇文章最有可能出自于杂志的科学版块，故 B 项正确。DThe new garbage sorting regulation has taken effect in Shanghai start
36、ing July 1.Many citizens are still confused about the classification of the four different types oftrash.Thankfully,authorities have released an official guideline to explain the newrules.The guideline,published by the Shanghai Greenery and Public Sanitation Bureau,provides a rather clear definition
37、 on the four kinds if waste:recyclable waste,harmfulwaste,household food waste and residual(剩余)waste.A team from the U.K.s National Centre for Sport and Exercise Medicine examined14 lean and overweight men and analyzed their metabolic(新陈代谢)health.Theparticipants were either assignedHarmful waste,as
38、the name suggests,includes various poisonous materials likeused batteries,light bulbs,out-of-date medicines,paint and pesticides.Household food waste which is translated to wet trash”in Chinese refersto food leftovers,rotten food,pet food,fruit peels,remains of TCM herbs(中药)andflowers.Paper,plastic,
39、glass,metal and textiles(纺织品)are counted as recyclable waste.The definition of residual waste is a little confusing.Anything that is not listedabove belongs to this category.As specific as the new guideline is,residents still have a hard time sorting trashcorrectly and are finding it challenging to
40、memorize them all.For instance,bothplastic bottles and bubble tea or coffee cups are plastic materials.However,theformer falls to the category of recyclable waste and the latter belongs to residualwaste.To save the hassle,some netizens have come up with their own way to sorttrash.We should do this f
41、rom a pigs angle,commented one netizen.Those edible(可食 用)for pigs are household food waste.Those even pigs dont want to eat areresidual waste.If a pig consumes something and dies of it,then something must beharmful waste.Those that can be sold and the money we gain can be used topurchase pigs are re
42、cyclable waste.The new regulation came into effect on July 1.Those who do not sort their trashproperly will be fined RMB200.12.What do the old coats that you want to throw away belong to?A.Harmful waste.B.Wet trash.C.Recyclable waste.D.Residual waste13.What is the common point of wet trash?A.They ca
43、n be broken down easily.B.They all come from plants.C.They all have bad smells.D.They all have poisonous materials.14.What is the tone of the netizen like?A.Serious.B.Humorous.C.Delightful.D.Uncertain.15.What does the passage mainly talk about?A.The four sorts of garbing are forbidden in Shanghai.B.
44、Shanghai garbage sorting enforcement begins.C.people are still confused about garbage sorting.D.The netizens in Shanghai support the garbage sorting policy.【答案】12.C13.A14.B15.B【语篇解读】这是一篇说明文。文章介绍了上海垃圾分类政策的规范，包括有害垃圾、可回收垃圾、湿垃圾等的分类规范。12.细节理解题。由文中 Paper,plastic,glass,metal and textiles(纺织品)are counted as
45、recyclable waste.可知，old coats 是可回收利用的废品。由此可知，C 项符合题意，故选 C。13.细节理解题。文中第五段提到“Household food waste which is translated to wettrash”in Chinese refers to food leftovers,rotten food,pet food,fruit peels,remains of TCM herbs(中药)and flowers.”厨余垃圾也可被称作湿垃圾，其中包括一些水果皮、中药渣、花等等，由此可知这类垃圾都能够轻易被破坏，故选 A。14.推理判断题。根据“W
46、e should do this from a pigs angle,”可知，网民是用一种调侃的口气来说的。A.Serious.严肃的，B.Humorous.幽默的，C.Delightful.令人愉快的，D.Uncertain.犹豫不决的。由此可知，B 项符合题意，故选 B。15.主旨大意题。文章第一段介绍了上海实行的垃圾分类政策，紧接着又对各项垃圾进行了具体阐述，由此判断本文主要介绍了上海正在实行垃圾分类。故选 B。第二节（共 5 小题；每小题 2 分，满分 10 分）根据短文内容，从短文后的选项中选出能填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。While most people fee
47、l lonely now and then,it usually only lasts between a fewminutes and a few hours.51.Psychologists are studying this complex phenomenon,and have identified three different types of loneliness.The first kind of loneliness is temporary.52.The second kind,situationalloneliness,is a natural result of a p
48、articular situation-for example,a family problem,the death of a loved one,or moving to a new place.Although this kind of lonelinesscan cause physical problems,it usually does not last for more than a year.The thirdkind of loneliness is the most severe.53.People who experience chronic（慢性的）loneliness
49、have many problems socializing and becoming close to others.Unfortunately,many chronically lonely people think there is little or nothing they cando to improve their conditions.54.We depend on various people for different reasons.For instance,our familiesgive us emotional support,our parents and tea
50、chers give us guidance,and ourfriends share similar interests and activities.However,psychologists have found thatthe number of social contacts we have is not the only reason for loneliness.55.Inother words,though lonely people may have many social contacts,they sometimesfell they should have more.T
51、hey question their own popularity.A.However,this type of loneliness is not so serious.B.For some people,though,loneliness can last for years.C.Psychologists are exploring possible ways to solve the problem.D.It usually disappears quickly and does not require any special attention.E.It is more import
52、ant how many social contacts we think or expect we should have.F.Psychologists agree that one important factor in loneliness is a persons socialcontacts.G.Unlike the second type,habitual loneliness usually lasts more than two years andhas no specific cause.【答案】16.B17.D18.G19.F20.E【文章大意】这是一篇选句填空。本文主要
53、讨论了孤独：心理学家把孤独分为了三种，第一种孤独不会持续太久，它是最普通的一种孤独；第二种是情景式孤独，是某种特定情况产生的自然结果；与前两种不同，第三种孤独是最严重的，通常持续两年以上，没有具体原因。16.根据前文While most people feel lonely now and then,it usually only lasts betweena few minutes and a few hours.可知尽管大多数人偶尔会感到孤独，这种孤独通常只持续几分钟。B.For some people,though,loneliness can last for years.然而，对于一
54、些人来说孤独可以持续几年。符合文意，故选 B 项。17.根据前文 The first kind of loneliness is temporary.可知第一种孤独是暂时的。D.Itusually disappears quickly and does not require any special attention.它通常很快就消失，而且不需要任何特别的关注。符合文意，故选 D 项。18.根据前文 The third kind of loneliness is the most severe.可知第三种孤独是最严重的。G.Unlike the second type,habitual lo
55、neliness usually lasts more than two years andhas no specific cause.不像第二种，习惯性孤独通常持续超过两年，并且没有特别的原因。符合文意，故选 G 项。19.根据前文 We depend on various people for different reasons.可知我们因为不同的原因依赖各种人。F.Psychologists agree that one important factor in loneliness is apersons social contacts.心理学家相信孤独的一个重要因素是一个人的社交关系。
56、符合文意，故选 F 项。20.根据下文 In other words,though lonely people may have many social contacts,they sometimes fell they should have more.可知换句话来说，孤独的人虽然有一些社交，但有时他们认为自己需要更多。E.It is more important how many social contacts wethink or expect we should have.更重要的是我们觉得或者期待自己有多少社交关系。符合文意，故选 E 项。第二部分语言知识运用（共两节，满分 45 分
57、）第一节完形填空（共 20 小题；每小题 1.5 分，满分 30 分）阅读下面短文，从短文后各题所给的 A、B、C 和 D 四个选项中，选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。Not many 17-year-old girls know how to solder（焊）copper pipes together or lighta pilot light.These are21Ive learned as an assistant to my22in hisplumbing（管道）business.My summer job deals with23that constantly arise phys
58、ical and mentaldiscomfort,and the work24an attitude of determination and patience that Ifrequently struggle to adopt.Each morning,I25myself into large-thick mens jeans most girls would26to wear and climb into the plumber truck.As my classmates begin their27babysitting,or selling groceries,my dad and
59、 I carry28toolboxes and work in thedark basements.I often get29in messy storage boxes looking for the watermeter.Nothing around is beautiful or tidy.Sometimes I30why I stand the dust and sweat when I could be in myair-conditioned house doing summer homework.Yet as much as I31the mess ofplumbing.I lo
60、ok down upon myself for being so easily annoyed by disorder.32,the world was built by people willing to get their hands33.Five such summers have34me that the messy parts of peoples houses35the messy parts of their lives.As I learn to36the mess,I also learn tohandle the37and contradictions in my adol
61、escence.Life is a process ofaccepting38and learning to put it in order.Plumbing work is no different.Youcan see it in each newly soldered group of copper pipes.And when customers express39,I understand that,in a small way,we bring40to their lives.21.A.mannersB.skillsC.factsD.rules22.A.brotherB.dadC.
62、teacherD.friend23.A.messesB.customersC.noisesD.exercises24.A.offersB.developsC.demandsD.lacks25.A.wrestleB.lowerC.squeezeD.hide26.A.needB.expectC.refuseD.choose27.A.shiftsB.studiesC.meetingsD.travels28.A.fancyB.smallC.expensiveD.heavy29.A.injuredB.absorbedC.lostD.interested30.A.knowB.questionC.imagi
63、neD.remember31.A.seeB.cleanC.hateD.create32.A.Or ratherB.At leastC.After allD.In addition33.A.fullB.dirtyC.firmD.free34.A.taughtB.promisedC.advisedD.guaranteed35.A.examineB.divideC.reduceD.reflect36.A.sort outB.care aboutC.hunt forD.give up37.A.arrangementsB.uncertaintiesC.competitionsD.expectations
64、38.A.failureB.helpC.changeD.chaos39.A.sympathyB.suspicionC.disapprovalD.appreciation40.A.peaceB.successC.wonderD.order【答案】21.B22.B23.A24.C25.A26.C27.A28.D29.C30.B31.C32.C33.B34.A35.D36.A37.B38.D39.D40.D【语篇解读】本文为夹叙夹议文。作者通过作者在 5 个暑假作为水管工父亲的助手，每天穿着大而厚的牛仔裤修理管道，认为世界是由那些愿意弄脏自己双手的人建立的。人们房屋的脏乱反映了他们生活中的脏乱。如果
65、学会处理工作中的混乱，也能处理青春期的不确定性和矛盾，生活就是一个接受混乱并学会把它整理好的过程。21.考查名词辨析。句意：很少有 17 岁的女孩知道如何将铜管焊接.。这些都是作为我父亲的水管工助手时我学到的技能。A.manners 方式；B.skills 技能，技巧；C.facts 事实；D.rules规则。根据语境可知，这些东西是她在工作中学到的技能（skills）。故选 B。22.考查名词辨析及语境。句意：这些都是我作为我父亲的水管工助手学到的技能。A.brother兄 弟；B.dad 爸 爸；C.teacher 老 师；D.friend 朋 友。根 据 后 面 的 my dad and
66、 Icarry_8_toolboxes 可知，此处是指作为爸爸（dad）的助手。故选 B。23.考查名词辨析。句意：我的暑期工作是应付不断出现的身体和心理中的各种混乱。A.messes 杂乱，麻烦，混乱；B.customers 顾客；C.noises 噪声；D.exercises 经历。根据第二段和第三段的内容可知，作者不喜欢工作中的混乱及麻烦。后文多处出现“messy”、“mess”的提示。如“I often get _9_in messy storage boxes”以及“As I learn to sort out themess,I also learn to handle the_1
67、7_and contradictions in my adolescence.”经常处理找工具的麻烦当我学会如何处理混乱时，我也学会了如何处理青春期的矛盾，可知在暑期中要应付许多混乱（messes）。故选 A。24.考查动词辨析。句意：而这项工作要求毅力和耐心的态度。A.offers 主动提供；B.develops开发，发展；C.demands 要求；D.lacks 缺乏。根据下文作者每天的工作情况可知，这是工作方面的要求（demands），故选 C。25.考查动词辨析。句意：每天早上，我都会努力穿上大而厚的男式牛仔裤。A.wrestle 努力处理，费力对付；B.lower 恶劣；C.sque
68、eze 挤压；D.hide 躲藏。根据后面的“large-thickmen”以及“许多女孩都不愿意穿”可知，作为一个女孩我也不想穿上这样的衣服，要努力（wrestle）（即与自己心理斗争）让自己穿上这种衣服。故选 A。26.考查动词辨析。句意：这种牛仔是大多数女孩都会拒绝穿的。A.need 需要；B.expect期待；C.refuse 拒绝；D.choose 选择。这是“大而厚的男式牛仔裤”的工作服，作为女孩是不会穿的，因此要用拒绝（refuse），故选 C。27.考查名词辨析。句意：当我的同学们开始轮班照看孩子，或者卖杂货时，我和爸爸扛着沉重的工具箱，在黑暗的地下室里工作。A.shifts
69、班次；B.studies 学习，研究；C.meetings会议，会见；D.travels 旅行。根据常识可知，工作时还要休息的，所以工作是轮班（shifts）照看孩子的。故选 A。28.考查形容词辨析。句意：我和爸爸扛着沉重的工具箱，在黑暗的地下室里工作。A.fancy太花哨的，精致的；B.small 小的；C.expensive 昂贵的；D.heavy 重的。根据作者工作的工种可知，做这种工种，他们的工具箱是很重的（heavy）。故选 D。29.考查形容词辨析。句意：我经常迷失在凌乱的储物箱里找水表。A.injured 受伤的；B.absorbed 吸收的；C.lost 迷路的，迷失的；D.
70、interested 感兴趣的。根据后一句“Nothingaround is beautiful or tidy.”可知，常在混乱的环境中找这样的物品，会让迷乱（lost）。故选 C。30.考查动词辨析。句意：当我在空调房里做暑假作业时，有时我想知道为什么我会忍受那些灰尘和流那么多的汗水。A.know 知道；B.question 问（问题），质问；C.imagine 想像；D.remember 记得。根据后面的“why I stand the dust and sweat.”可知，这些都是问题，所以是问(question)。故选 B。31.考查动词辨析。句意：但正如我讨厌水管的混乱一样。我看不
71、起自己，因为我很容易被混乱所困扰。A.see 看见；B.clean 清理；C.hate 痛恨，讨厌；D.create 创造。根据后一句“我看不起自己”可知，讨厌（hate）水管中的混乱。故选 C。32.考查副词短语辨析。句意：毕竟，世界是由那些愿意弄脏自己双手的人建立的。A.Or rather确切地说；B.At least 至少；C.After all 毕竟；D.In addition 另外，而且。根据语境可知，此处是对前面内容的解释，即“毕竟（after all）。故选 C。33.考查形容词辨析。句意：世界是由那些愿意弄脏自己双手的人建立的。A.full 充满的；B.dirty 脏的；C.f
72、irm 强有力的；D.free 免费的。根据常识工人工作时会把手弄脏的（dirty）。故选 B。34.考查动词辨析。句意：五个这样的夏天教会了我：人们家里的脏乱反映了他们生活中的脏乱。A.taught 教；B.promised 承诺；C.advised 劝告；D.guaranteed 保证。根据下文的内容可知，这是作者从五个这样的夏天经历得到的经验，即就是“五个这样的夏天经历教会（taught）了我”。故选 A。35.考查动词辨析。句意：五个这样的夏天教会了我，人们家里的脏乱反映了他们生活中的脏乱。A.examine 检测；B.divide 划分；C.reduce 减少；D.reflect 反
73、映，显示。根据语境可知，此处是指家里的脏乱反映（reflect）了生活中的脏乱。故选 D。36.考查动词短语辨析。句意：在我学会处理混乱的同时，我也学会了处理青春期的不确定性和矛盾。A.sort out 解决（问题），整理；B.care about 关心；C.hunt for 寻找；D.give up放弃。根据下文“also learn to handle the_”中的“handle（处理问题）”是 A 项中的sort out 解决（问题）同义词。故选 A。37.考查名词辨析。句意：在我学会处理混乱的同时，我也学会了处理青春期的不确定性和矛盾。A.arrangements 安 排；B.unc
74、ertainties 不 确 定 性；C.competitions 竞 争；D.expectations 期 望。根 据“the_and contradictions”中 的 and，可 知，本 空 与contradiction(矛盾)并列关系的只有 B 项的 uncertainties（不确定性）符合。故选 B。38.考查名词辨析。句意：生活是一个接受混乱并学会把它整理好的过程。A.failure 失败；B.help 帮助；C.change 变化，改变；D.chaos 混乱。文中反复强调生活中有各种的“mess(混乱)”，可知 D 项（chaos）就是它的同义词。故选 D。39.考查名词辨析
75、。句意：当顾客表达感激之情时，我明白了，在很小的程度上，我们让他们的生活有秩序。A.sympathy 同情；B.suspicion 怀疑；C.disapproval 反对；D.appreciation欣赏，感激。根据文章可知，作者认为管道工人帮助他人修理管道，让人们的生活有条理，那么顾客就会感激（appreciation）。故选 D。40.考查名词辨析。句意：当顾客表达感激之情时，我明白了，在很小的程度上，我们让他们的生活有秩序。A.peace 和平；B.success成功；C.wonder 奇迹；D.order 秩序。根据上下文的语境可知，人们学会和处理工作和生活中的混乱，让生活有秩序（or
76、der）。故选 D。第二节阅读下面材料，在空白处填入 1 个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。Since the start of reform and opening-up,Shenzhen41.(grow)from a smallfishing village to a modem city,with its GDP 42.(increase)soaring from less than 200million yuan in 1980 to 2.4 trillion yuan in 2018.With a population of 12 million people,the 43.(so
77、uth)city is known for itsstrong innovation capabilities.It is home 44.more than 14,000 national high-techgiants,including Hua-Wei and Tencent.Wang Xiaoguang,a professor of economics at the National Academy ofGovernance,said in45.article published on Aug 3 in the Outlook Weekly,a magazine46.(attach)t
78、o Xinhua News Agency,that many good examples of Chinas reform andopening-up originated in Shenzhen.It has accumulated valuable experience for Chinas reform and opening-up47.modern construction,and has made significant 48.(contribute)to exploring thepath of socialism with Chinese characteristics,Wang
79、 said.The essential feature of socialism with Chinese characteristics is the leadership ofthe Party,49.plays a central role in adjusting the overall situation,he said,50.(refer)to Shenzhen as a good example of handling the relationship between marketand government since Chinas reform and opening-up
80、began.【答案】41.has grown42.increasingly43.southern44.to45.an46.attached47.and48.contributions49.which50.referring【语篇解读】这是一篇说明文。改革开放以来，深圳已经从一个小渔村发展成为一个现代化的城 市，它为中国的改革开放和现代建设积累了宝贵经验，为探索中国特色社会主义道路做出了重要贡献。41.考查时态。句意：改革开放以来，深圳已经从一个小渔村发展成为一个现代化的城市。since引导的时间状语从句时，主句的谓语动词常用现在完成时，Shenzhen 是句子主语。故填 hasgrown。42
81、.考查副词。句意：深圳的 GDP 从 1980 年的不到 2 亿元人民币猛增到 2018 年的 2.4 万亿元人民币。修饰动词 soar 用副词，increase（增加）是动词，它的副词是 increasingly（不断增加地）。故填 increasingly。43.考查形容词。句意：深圳这个南方城市拥有 1200 万人口，以其强大的创新能力而闻名。使用形容词修饰名词 city 作定语，south（南方）是名词，它的形容词是 southern（南方的）。故填 southern。44.考查固定搭配。句意：它是包括华为和腾讯在内的 14,000 多家国家高科技企业所在地。固定词组 be home
82、to 的意思是“为的所在地”。故填 to。45.考查冠词。句意：王小光教授在一篇文章中说，中国改革开放的许多很好的例子起源于深圳。根据句意此处泛指“一篇文章”，所以使用不定冠词。article 是以元音音素开头的单词。故填 an。46.考查非谓语动词。句意：展望周刊是新华社的一本杂志。be attached to 附属于。分析句子结构，谓语动词是 said，attach 是非谓语动词，因此使用 attached to 短语作后置定语修饰 magazine。故填 attached。47.考查并列连词。句意：深圳为中国的改革开放和现代化建设积累了宝贵经验。该空应填入并列连词连接 Chinas re
83、form and opening-up 和 modern construction。故填 and。48.考查名词。句意：深圳为探索中国特色社会主义道路做出了重要贡献。固定词组 makecontributions to 意为“为做贡献”。故填 contributions。49.考查非限制性定语从句。句意：王小光教授说，中国特色社会主义的根本特征是党的领导，它在调整大局中起着中心作用。分析句子结构可知，此处需填入引导非限定性定语从句的关系词，先行词是 the leadership of the Party，从句缺主语，所以填 which。故填 which。50.考查非谓语动词。句意：王小光教授提到
84、深圳是中国改革开放以来处理市场与政府关系的一个很好的例子。分析句子结构可知，refer 是非谓语动词，它与句子主语 he 是主动的关系，应使用现在分词 referring。故填 referring。第三部分写作（共两节，满分 35 分）第一节短文改错（共 10 小题；每小题 l 分，满分 10 分）假定英语课上老师要求同桌之间交换修改作文，请你修改你同桌写的以下作文。文中共有10 处语言错误，每句中最多有两处。每处错误仅涉及一个单词的增加、删除或修改。增加：在缺词处加一个漏字符号（），并在其下面写出该加的词。删除：把多余的词用斜线（）划掉。修改：在错的词下划一横线，并在该词下面写出修改后的词。
85、注意：1.每处错误及其修改均仅限一词；2.只允许修改 10 处，多者（从第 11 处起）不计分。People always say that we lack of the eyes of realizing the beauty in life.I cantagree complete.Last Friday,I wake up very early and decided to take a walk.In thesquare there many senior citizens were dancing;I found several elders absorb infeeding bir
86、ds.Without many cars,I realized that the city looked so clean but beautiful.Some coffee shop,which used to be old and shabby,were decorated pretty well andcaught my attention.On both sides of the street were big trees covering the wholecity,making a green city.At that moment,I found a city was so in
87、teresting.How Iregret ignore its beauty before!【答案】第一处：删掉 of第二处：completecompletely第三处：wakewaked 或 woke。第四处：therewhere第五处：absorbabsorbed第六处：butand第七处：shopshops第八处：making 后加 it第九处：athe第十处：ignoreignoring【语篇解读】本文是一篇记叙文，讲述了上周五早晨散步的时候，我发现了生活中的美。第一处：考查 lack 的用法。句意：人们总是说我们缺少发现生活中的美的眼睛。此处的 lack是及物动词，其后直接接宾语，
88、of 是多余的，故删掉 of。第二处：考查副词。句意：我不能完全同意（这个观点）。修饰动词 agree 用副词，故 complete改为 completely。第三处：考查时态。句意：上周五，我醒得很早，决定去散步。事情发生在过去，应该用一般过去时，wake 的过去式有两种形式：waked 和 woke，故 wake 改为 waked 或 woke。第四处：考查定语从句。句意：在广场上，许多老年人在跳舞；我发现几位老年人正全神贯注地喂鸟。此处为定语从句，关系词指代先行词 square 并在从句中作地点状语，故 there 改为where。第五处：考查非谓语动词。句意同上。此处为“find+宾语
89、+宾补”结构，be absorbed in 表示“全神贯注于”，此处去掉 be 作宾语补足语，故 absorb 改为 absorbed。第六处：考查连词。句意：没有很多车，我意识到这座城市看起来是那么干净美丽。clean 和beautiful 是并列而非转折关系，故 but 改为 and。第七处：考查名词复数。句意：一些以前又旧又破的咖啡店（现在）装修得很好，引起了我的注意。some 修饰可数名词复数，后面的 were 也表明此处用可数名词复数，故 shop 改为 shops。第八处：考查代词。句意：街道两旁是大树，覆盖了整个城市，使它成为一个绿色的城市。此处为“make+代词+名词（短语）”
90、结构，此处指代前面的 city，故 making 后加 it。第九处：考查冠词。句意：在那一刻，我发现这座城市是如此有趣。city 在文中不是第一次出现，此处表示特指，故 a 改为 the。第十处：考查非谓语动词。句意：我多么后悔以前忽视了它的美丽！regret 后接动名词作宾语，故 ignore 改为 ignoring。第二节书面表达（满分 25 分）假定你是李华，你的美国朋友 Tim 是中国功夫（kung fu）的爱好者。你得知今年八月你所在的城市将举办一次国际功夫比赛。请你用英语给他写封邮件，询问他是否有兴趣参加。要点包括：1.比赛的时间和地点；2.比赛的目的；3.参加比赛的益处。注意：
91、1.词数 100 左右；2.可以适当增加细节，以使行文连贯；3.开头和结尾已给出，但不计入总词数。Dear Tim,How is everything going?_I will accompany you during the competition.I am looking forward to hearingfrom you;Yours,Li Hua【范文】Dear Tim,How is everything going?Im writing to tell you that the 15th International KungFu Competition will be held i
92、n Nanjing from August 20th to 24th at OlympicGymnasium.As we know,kung fu is an important part of Chinese culture and has becomeincreasingly popular at home and abroad.This event aims to further expand theinfluence of kung fu worldwide.The organizers hope people will feel the charm ofkung fu in this
93、 competition.I know you are a kung fu amateur.Are you interested in taking part in the event?You will be able to appreciate high-level kung fu performances and communicatewith people sharing the same interest from all over the world.You can also improveyour techniques.I will accompany you during the competition.Im looking forward to hearingfrom youYours,Li Hua
