1、Section Starting out & Understanding ideas.单句语法填空1Suddenly a good idea occurred(occur) to me, but I couldnt find any paper to write on.2Now that you have finished your work，youd better have a rest.3An earthquake, which may cause great damage is one of the most common natural disasters (disaster)4As
2、long as you have a dream, keep trying and youll make it.5Mr. Green picked up some French when he was away on a business trip last year.6As I looked through the newspapers，I found some useful information on how to apply for a good job.7The fresh flowers and green trees announced (announcement) that s
3、pring was here.8If you want to catch the last train, youd better set off for the station immediately (immediate)9I dont know how Mrs. White will react to the news that her son has won the first place in the writing competition.10Compared (compare) with his brother, he was easier to get along with.阅读
4、理解ACities are likely to be affected by overheating, thanks to something called the urban heat island effect. Cities tend to be short of trees which provide shade, and they are covered with black pavement which absorbs heat from the sun. Think of how it feels to wear a dark shirt versus a white shirt
5、 on a sunny day. A black shirt absorbs light, heating you up. But a white shirt reflects light, keeping you cool.The average temperature in a city of a million or more people can be more than 5 degrees F hotter than surrounding areas. That extra 5 degrees can turn a hot day from uncomfortable to dea
6、dly. As temperatures rise, cities will be an especially dangerous place to be during a heat wave. To protect public health, city officials are going to make the city cooler. As part of that effort, Los Angeles is coating its roads in CoolSeal, a gray paint that keeps streets and parking lots 10 degr
7、ees cooler than black asphalt (沥青). It will help Angelinos save money during the summer, when air conditioning sends power bills soaring. And it will save lives by lowering temperatures and improving air quality. Hot weather worsens air pollution by turning car exhaust into smog, which can make life
8、 miserable for people with asthma (哮喘) and other breathing problems. Of course, LA will have to do more than paint over a few streets to cool off the city. Angelinos will also need to plant more trees and apply white paint to rooftopsat least those not already covered in solar panels. While LA is a
9、pioneer of reflective streets, other cities, like New York, are already experimenting with reflective roofs or, like Melbourne, lowering the temperature by planting trees. LA is hardly alone in its effort to stay cool.“This is an urgent challenge, and its much bigger than one person，”said Mayor Garc
10、etti in a recent statement. “Climate change is a fact of life that people in Los Angeles and cities around the world live with every day.”语篇解读文章主要提出了热岛效应这个概念，然后说明热岛效应带来的危害。1Which of the following contributes to the urban heat island effect?APlanting more trees in the streets. BCovering the streets w
11、ith white paint. CApplying reflective paint on rooftops. DFurnishing every house with air conditioners. 解析：推理判断题。根据文章第一段的内容以及倒数第二段第二句“Angelinos will also need to plant more trees and apply white paint to rooftops”可知，多植树，把道路刷成白色，以及给屋顶粉刷具有反射性的颜料，这些都是缓解热岛效应的措施，因此A、B和C项均不符合题意。D项意为“给每座房子装空调”，会加重热岛效应，符合题意
12、。答案：D2What should the city officials emphasize during hot summer?AHow to make the city cooler. BWhere to wear a white shirt. CWhy to coat the roads with black paint. DWhen to cut off the electricity supply. 解析：细节理解题。根据文章第二段内容可知，热岛效应导致市区的温度比郊区高五度，而这会给人们的健康带来致命的危险，因此政府人员在炎热夏季的主要任务就是让城市的温度降下来，因此A项符合题意。
13、答案：A3What benefit can people gain from the use of CoolSeal?AIncreasing the indoor activities. BPromoting the sale of air conditioners. CMaking life easier and more comfortable. DReducing the number of cold days. 解析：根据文章第三段第一句“As part of that effort, Los Angeles is coating its roads in CoolSeal, a gr
14、ay paint that keeps streets and parking lots 10 degrees cooler than black asphalt.”和第三句“And it will save lives by lowering temperatures and improving air quality.”可知，把洛杉矶的马路涂上一层冷却面，即一种灰色的油漆，可以降低温度并改善空气质量。从而使人们的生活更加轻松舒适。故选C。答案：C4Whats the main idea of the passage?ALA adopted many approaches to fight
15、against the heat. BLA calls on people to fight against global warming. CMore and more countries begin to plant trees in the streets. DLA is painting its streets white to keep the city cool. 解析：主旨大意题。文章主要提出了热岛效应这个概念，然后说明热岛效应带来的危害，最后也是文章的中心内容，介绍了洛杉矶为了降温给城市采取的措施把街道刷成白色，因此D项符合题意。答案：DBWe already know the
16、 fastest, least expensive way to slow down climate change: use less energy. With a little effort, and not much money, most of us could reduce our energy diets by 25 percent or moredoing the Earth a favor while also helping our wallets.Not long ago, my wife, PJ, and I tried a new dietnot to lose a li
17、ttle weight but to answer an annoying question about climate change. Scientists have reported recently that the world is heating up even faster than predicted only a few years ago, and that the consequences could be severe if we dont keep reducing emission (排放) of carbon dioxide (CO2) and other gree
18、nhouse gases that are trapping heat in our atmosphere. We decided to try an experiment. For one month we recorded our personal emission of CO2. We wanted to see how much we could cut back, so we went on a strict diet. The average US household produces about 150 pounds of CO2 a day by doing common th
19、ings like turning on airconditioning or driving cars. Thats more than twice the European average and almost five times the global average, mostly because Americans drive more and have bigger houses. But how much should we try to reduce?For an answer, I checked with Tim Flannery, author of The Weathe
20、r Makers: How Man Is Changing the Climate and What It Means for Life on Earth. In his book, he had challenged readers to make deep cuts in personal emission to keep the world from reaching extremely important tipping_points,_such as the melting(融化) of the ice sheets in Greenland or West Antarctica.“
21、To stay below that point, we need to reduce CO2 emission by 80 percent，”he said.Good advice, I thought. Id opened our bedroom windows to let the wind in. Wed gotten so used to keeping our airconditioning going around the clock. Id almost forgotten the windows even opened. We should not let this happ
22、en again. Its time for us to change our habits if necessary. 语篇解读文章作者通过讲述自己一家人切实有效地减少温室气体排放量的行动，向我们证明了“节约能源从家庭做起，从我做起”的重要性。5Why did the author and his wife try a new diet?ATo take special kinds of food. BTo respond to climate change. CTo lose weight. DTo improve their health. 解析：细节理解题。根据文章第二段“not to
23、 lose a little weight but to answer an annoying question about climate change”可知，作者和妻子这么做的目的是为了应对气候变化。答案：B6The underlined words “tipping points” most probably refer to “_”Afreezing pointsBburning pointsCmelting points Dboiling points解析：词义猜测题。在他的书中，他要读者大幅减少个人温室气体排放量，以免世界来到“熔点”，下面给出的例子“such as the mel
24、ting of the ice sheets in Greenland or West Antarctica”，可以判断出C项正确。答案：C7According to the passage, Tim Flannery_.Amade deep cuts in his personal emission of CO2Bwrote a book about the climate changeCsucceeded in reducing CO2 emission by 80 percentDwas an author popular among readers解析：细节理解题。根据文章第四段第一句
25、可知， Tim Flannery的书是有关气候变化的，故B项正确。答案：B8Which of the following would be the best title for this passage?ASaving Energy Starts at HomeBChanging Our Habits Begins at WorkCChanging Climate Sounds ReasonableDReducing Emission of CO2 Proves Difficult解析：标题归纳题。文章作者通过讲述自己一家人切实有效地减少温室气体排放量的行动，向我们证明了“节约能源从家庭做起，
26、从我做起”的重要性。答案：A.完形填空Back in 1981 I was working at the University of Bonn in Germany.I _1_ some time off in early May to visit a friend in Viterbo，in central _2_.The train stopped in Rome. I was lucky，as my hotel was close to the railway station.The next morning，I _3_ to visit as many of the famous Ro
27、man landmarks as possible.The following day I headed back to the station，planning to take a short ride to Viterbo.When I arrived at the station and tried to _4_ the correct platform，I quickly realised that the station was _5_ for an upgrade(升级)For a moment my mind went _6_.My biggest _7_ was my lugg
28、agemy suitcase and hand luggage were heavy，so I couldnt move about easily.I dragged my suitcase about 100 metres to a nearby worker. A tall man of about 50 years of age was working there and I _8_ myself and asked where the nearest station was.I am sure that he did not understand me _9_，but he could
29、 easily guess that I was looking for a station.He replied，but I did not understand.He smiled and said something，_10_ I guessed to mean “Come along！”He opened the door of his car，motioned to me to get _11_ and then drove for a few minutes to the next station.I got out，unloaded my luggage，then shook h
30、is hand with thanks.He smiled back and drove away.There was no time to _12_ names. I understood that he was in the _13_ of his work.I was _14_ so much by his generosity (慷慨) that I have never forgotten him.He was working and could have easily _15_ me but，instead，he chose to help.Thank you，Mr. Italy!
31、语篇解读1981年，作者在德国波恩大学工作。五月初，作者去意大利中部的维泰博拜访一位朋友。文章叙述了作者去维泰博的途中得到一位陌生男士慷慨帮助的经历。1A.tookBneededCpassed Dgot解析：根据空后的“to visit a friend in Viterbo”可知，这里是说作者休了几天假去维泰博拜访了一位朋友。take time off意为“休假”。故选A项。答案：A2A.Bonn BGermanyCItaly DRome解析：根据最后一句“Thank you，Mr. Italy！”可知，这里是说五月初，作者去意大利中部的维泰博拜访一位朋友。故选C项。答案：C3A.went
32、over Blooked aroundCturned away Dset out解析：根据空后的“to visit as many of the famous Roman landmarks as possible”可知，此处是说作者出发去参观尽可能多的著名罗马地标建筑。go over意为“检查”；look around意为“向四周看”；turn away意为“转身”；set out意为“出发，开始”。故选D项。答案：D4A.build BlocateCleave Dgo解析：根据语境可知，此处是说作者到达车站后试图找到(locate)正确的站台。locate意为“找出的准确位置”。故选B项。
33、答案：B5A.closed BremovedCdesigned Dnamed解析：根据下文的“asked where the nearest station was”作者寻找其他车站可知，当作者到达车站并试图找到正确的站台时，她很快意识到车站因为升级而关闭了。故选A项。答案：A6A.crazy BfireCwild Dblank解析：根据语境可知，有那么一会儿，作者的脑子一片空白。go blank意为“(脑子里)突然一片空白”。故选D项。答案：D7A.concern BproblemCcomplaint Dmistake解析：根据后面的“my suitcase and hand luggage
34、 were heavy，so I couldnt move about easily”可知，作者的行李箱和手提行李太重是最大的问题，她不能轻易移动。故选B项。答案：B8A.enjoyed BexpressedCrepeated Dexcused解析：根据空后的“asked where the nearest station was”可知，此处作者走向一个大约50岁的正在工作的高个子男人，然后说了句抱歉并询问最近的车站在哪里。excuse me意为“抱歉，打扰一下”，这里主语是I，所以宾语用反身代词myself。故选D项。答案：D9A.properly BquicklyCfinally Dimm
35、ediately解析：根据空后的“but he could easily guess that I was looking for a station”可知，作者敢肯定他没有完全理解她说的话，但他很容易猜到作者在找一个车站。properly意为“完全地”。故选A项。答案：A10A.what BwhereCwhich Dwhy解析：句意为：他笑着说了什么，我猜他的意思是在说“过来！”。which指代something。故选C项。答案：C11A.off BinCover Dpast解析：根据空前的“He opened the door of his car”和下文的“I got out”可知，他打
36、开车门，示意作者上车。get off意为“离开”；get in意为“进入”；get over意为“克服”；get past意为“通过”。故选B项。答案：B12A.spell BexchangeCchoose Dremember解析：根据前文作者问路时男人还在工作和最后的“Thank you，Mr. Italy！”可知，作者跟那个男人没有时间交换姓名。故选B项。答案：B13A.middle Bform Cabsence Dface解析：根据前文中“A tall man.was working there”可知，此处是说作者问路时男人正在做他的工作。be in the middle of sth.意为“正忙于某事”。故选A项。答案：A14A.worried BshockedCexcited Dmoved解析：根据语境和空后的“so much by his generosity that I have never forgotten him”可知，此处是说作者被他的慷慨所感动(moved)，从未忘记过他。故选D项。答案：D15A.trusted BignoredCdriven Dinformed解析：根据空前的“He was working”可知，作者问路时他在工作，本可以忽视作者的求助但他选择帮助她。ignore意为“忽视”。故选B项。答案：B
