1、单元达标检测(四)第一部分阅读(共两节，满分50分)第一节(共15小题；每小题2.5分，满分37.5分)阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出最佳选项。AThe Central Park SummerStage hosts dance and music events throughout the summer. Many of them are free, while others require tickets.The SummerStage is in the open air, located at Rumsey Playfield.Entrance to the Su
2、mmerStage area begins 90 minutes before the shows start on weekends, and 60 minutes before weeknight performances.Things to bring to the Central Park SummerStageWaterBlanketsPicnic dinnerSunblock/Sunhats for daytime showsThings not to bring to the Central Park SummerStageCamerasGlass bottlesChairsSk
3、ateboardsBikesGood to know about the Central Park SummerStageThere are no tickets for free events, but space is limited and available on a “firstcome, firstserved” basis. Sometimes, lines form over an hour before the gates open.There is a special area where people can spread out blankets and sit dur
4、ing the show.If youre attending a show during the daytime, keep in mind that there is little shade (阴凉处), so sunblock and sunhats are necessary. Also, drink plenty of water to avoid getting dehydrated (脱水的)Food is allowed. And you can order everything from the Park Shop. But remember to take away yo
5、ur rubbish, otherwise youll be fined.If you want to get into events more easily, pay for SummerStage Membership (会员资格) which offers members the fasttrack entrance to shows and seats on the bleachers (露天看台)If youre not into crowds and are satisfied with just hearing the music, there is plenty of spac
6、e on the grass outside of the Central Park SummerStage area.For more information, follow SummerS on Facebook.语篇解读本文是一篇应用文。在美国纽约的中央公园内，夏季舞台SummerStage每年夏天都会举办大量的音乐和舞蹈演出。本文介绍了SummerStage的一些具体情况以及观看演出的注意事项。1If a show begins at 8：00 pm. on Sunday, people start to enter at _.A6：00 pm.B6：30 pm.C7：00 pm. D
7、7：30 pm.解析：细节理解题。根据文章第三段的内容可知，周末观看演出时，观众在开演前90分钟开始入场。答案：B2What is the possible use of sunblock?ATo protect you from the sunlight.BTo sit on while enjoying the show.CTo help you avoid getting dehydrated.DTo help you see clearly in the sunlight.解析：推理判断题。根据文章倒数第五段首句的内容可知，场地内少有阴凉处，所以观众在白天观看演出时应备好防晒用品，由此
8、可推知sunblock的用途是防晒。答案：A3With SummerStage Membership, you _.Awill get free food from the Park ShopBdont have to buy tickets for all eventsCcan book seats on the bleachers onlineDcan enter the area faster than nonmembers解析：细节理解题。根据文章倒数第三段的内容，尤其是核心信息“fasttrack entrance to shows and seats”可知，会员可通过快速通道提前进
9、入演出场地和露天看台上的座位。答案：DBSatellites are an important part of our ordinary lives.For example，the information for weather forecasts is sent by satellites.Some satellites have cameras which take photographs of the earth to show how clouds are moving.Satellites are also used to connect our international phon
10、e calls.Computer connections of the World Wide Web and Internet also use satellites.Many of our TV programs come to us through satellites.Airplane pilots also sometimes use a satellite to help them find their exact location.We use satellites to send television pictures from one part of the world to
11、another.They are usually 35,880 kilometers above the equator.Sometimes we can see a satellite in the sky and it seems to stay in the same place.This is because it is moving around the world at 11,000 kilometers an hourexactly the same speed as the earth rotates (旋转) at.A satellite must orbit the ear
12、th with its antennae (天线) facing the earth.Sometimes，it moves away from its orbit.So there are little rockets on it which are used to put the satellite back in the right position.This usually happens about every five or six days.Space is not empty！Every week，more and more satellites are sent into sp
13、ace to orbit the earth.A satellite usually works for about 1012 years.Satellites which are broken are sometimes repaired by astronauts or sometimes brought back to the earth to be repaired.Often，very old or broken satellites are left in space to orbit the earth for a very long time.This is very seri
14、ous because some satellites use nuclear power and they can crash into each other.语篇解读本文主要讲述了卫星的作用，它可以为人类提供很多信息以及宇宙的许多动态。4Which of the following is NOT done by satellites according to the passage?ASending information for weather forecasts.BTaking photographs of the earth.CSending TV pictures.DProvidi
15、ng food for airplane pilots.解析：细节理解题。由第一段可知，A、B项的内容都是卫星的功能；由第三段可知，卫星还可以发送电视画面；只有D项内容文中并未提及。答案：D5Whats the speed the earth rotates at?A35,880 kilometers per hour.B335,880 kilometers per hour.C11,000 kilometers per hour.D110,000 kilometers per hour.解析：细节理解题。由第三段的“This is because it is moving around th
16、e world at 11,000 kilometers an hourexactly the same speed as the earth rotates at.”可知C项为正确答案。答案：C6What does the underlined word “This” in the 3rd paragraph refer to?AA satellite.BA little rocket.CA satellite seems to stay in the same place in the sky.DThe satellite puts the rockets in the right pos
17、ition.解析：词义猜测题。由上一句的句意“有时候我们看到天空中的卫星好像待在同一个地方，这是因为”可推知本题答案为C项。答案：C7Which is true of satellites?AA satellite usually works for about 1012 years.BEvery time a satellite gets broken，it is brought back to the earth to be repaired.CA broken satellite is never left in space.DThey often crash into each oth
18、er.解析：细节理解题。由最后一段的第三句话“A satellite usually works for about 1012 years.”可知，A项的叙述是正确的。答案：ACWhat are your retirement plans? Keep working? Get more exercise? Or learn something new? You may put_them_on_hold. Theres a chance that, sooner or later, you might have to move further than you were thinking, as
19、 far as Mars.On Thursday, National Geographic will show the firstever Mars show home, giving earthlings (地球人) an idea of what their life could look like on the Red Planet. In the notsodistant year of 2037, the iglooshaped structure could be the home of your future.It shows a house built using recycl
20、ed spacecraft (航天器) parts and Martian soil, called regolith, which has been microwaved into bricks. Some parts of the home are recognizablea kitchen, a bedroombut there are fundamental differences that are important to human survival.As the Martian atmosphere is around one hundredth as thick as the
21、Earths, people will need permanent (永久的) shelter from the sun; society will move largely indoors. Most buildings will be connected by underground passages and the houses wont have windows. The homes will have simulated solar lighting, or natural light that has been bent several times.Walls will need
22、 to be 10 to 12 feet thick to protect people from dangerous rays (光线) that can pass through six feet of steel, and a double airlocked entrance to keep the home under proper pressure.“We dont think of our houses as things that keep us alive, but on Mars your house will be a survival centre，” says Ste
23、phen Petranek, author of How Well Live on Mars. This is not just the stuff of scifi. “10 to 20 years from now there will certainly be people on Mars，” Petranek says.“Weve had the technology for 30 years to land people on Mars, but we havent had the will，” Petranek says. But two main factors have “co
24、mpletely swung public attitudes”The private companies participation has forced government agencies to speed up their game, and influential films such as Gravity and The Martian have caught societys eye.语篇解读本文是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了未来人们在火星上的生活是什么样子的。8What can we know about the show home from the text?AIt has
25、no windows or doors due to security concern.BIts design presents the idea of environmental protection.CIt has thick walls keeping the home under proper pressure.DIts underground passages connect all the buildings together.解析：推理判断题。结合第三段中的“It shows a house built using recycled spacecraft parts and Ma
26、rtian soil, called regolith, which has been microwaved into bricks.”可知，房屋的设计显示了环境保护的理念。答案：B9What do the underlined words “put them on hold” in Paragraph 1 probably mean?APut them off.BGive them away.CCarry them through.DTake them seriously.解析：词义猜测题。结合画线词前面的“Keep working? Get more exercise? Or learn
27、something new？”可知，这是一些退休后的具体打算，同时根据画线词后面的“you might have to move further than you were thinking”可知，画线词表示推迟这些打算，因此选A。答案：A10According to Petranek, what has sped up the process of sending people to Mars?AThe great influence of the Mars show home.BThe development of related technology.CThe competition f
28、rom private companies.DThe popularity of influential books on Mars.解析：细节理解题。结合最后一段中的“The private companies participation has forced government agencies to speed up their game”可知，私人公司的参与迫使政府机构积极起来。答案：C11What is the best title for the text?ALiving on Mars: Possible or NotBSending People to Mars: Yes o
29、r NoCFirstever Show Home: How Is It MadeDFuture Home on Mars: What Will It Be Like解析：标题归纳题。根据第二段中的“the firstever Mars show home, giving earthlings an idea of what their life could look like on the Red Planet”和下面几个段落的内容可知，本篇文章主要讲述了未来在火星上居住是什么情况，因此选D。答案：DDIt seems we cant get off the planet fast enoug
30、h. Two thirds of NASAs money is spent on manned space exploration, and that number will grow with the USAs decision to send a man to Mars in 2037. Weve seen all there is to see on Earth, right? Wrong. The final place is here, under the surface of the sea.Heading down into the ocean, human limits are
31、 quickly reached. At 200 metres, the water is as black as a moonless night. Most nuclear submarines (核潜艇) would implode (内爆) before they reach 1 km down. At 3 kmstill less than the average depth of the oceantheres a good chance that youll discover a new species. The deepestdiving whales go no furthe
32、r. At the very bottom, about 11 km down, lies the Challenger Deep, the deepest part of the Mariana Trench in the Pacific Ocean. Eighteen humans have walked on the Moon, but only three have seen the Deep with their own eyes.Yet things live down there. Big things. A very loud sound was once heard and
33、scientists suggested that it was produced by an animal bigger than a blue whale, the largest creature known on the planet.In the late 1990s, deepwater submarine was dropped in the Southern Ocean, and passing 4,000 metres, it discovered something huge passing under it. Surprised? Dont be. The ocean c
34、overs 70% of the planets surface and weve studied less than 5% of it. We know more about the dark side of the Moon than about the bottom of the sea.One reason that we explore space is to find evidence of other life forms. The search for life outside of Earth is important, but robots can look under t
35、he dry rocks of Mars better than humans. Theyre absolutely important for doing ocean research too, but they cant look under the sea. The cost of exploration is rising, but the results would benefit all our lives. Understanding the oceans will help us find new sources of food, drugs and energy.Perhap
36、s now its time to begin a new period of sea exploration. Manned exploration of space is science fiction (科幻小说). The adventure of the deep sea is science fact.语篇解读本文是议论文。作者在文中讨论了进行海洋探索的重大意义。12What do we know about the Challenger Deep?ABlue whales live there.BNo one has ever been there.CPeople are ter
37、rified by the sight of it.DIt is the deepest known location on Earth.解析：细节理解题。根据第二段中的“the Challenger Deep, the deepest part of the Mariana Trench in the Pacific Ocean”可知，“挑战号”深渊是地球上目前已知的最深的海底。答案：D13What does the author think of the discovery in the Southern Ocean?AIts surprising.BIts no wonder.CIts
38、worrying.DIts no success.解析：观点态度题。根据第四段中的“Surprised? Dont be. The ocean covers 70% of the planets surface and weve studied less than 5% of it. We know more about the dark side of the Moon than about the bottom of the sea.”可知，作者认为南冰洋中可能存在比蓝鲸更大生物的发现不足为奇。答案：B14Why do we need to explore the sea?ASea exp
39、loration is cheaper than ever before.BWe have explored less than 5% of the sea.CIt will help improve our future life.DIt will benefit space exploration.解析：细节理解题。根据倒数第二段中的“the results would benefit all our lives. Understanding the oceans will help us find new sources of food, drugs and energy”可知，海洋探索
40、将造福人类。答案：C15What does the author want to tell us?ASpace exploration is of little value.BWe spend too much money on space travel.CHumans success lies in how much they explore the sea.DThe ocean is the place where we should make our efforts.解析：主旨大意题。作者在文章第一段就点出自己的观点：“The final place is here, under the
41、 surface of the sea”，并在接下来的段落中具体论述海洋探索的重大意义。由此可知，D项概括了文章主旨。答案：D第二节(共5小题；每小题2.5分，满分12.5分)阅读下面短文，从短文后的选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。We all have plans to achieve success in life, but what we are lacking is the motivation that keeps us going to put plans into action. Here are the ways that can effective
42、ly ease the problem. 16Just grab a book, especially an inspirational book or a book of success stories. You can learn from others and the story will motivate you to move ahead with your plans. It also makes you refocus your energy on your goals rather than the problems at hand.Think of your purpose.
43、17 Your purpose could be to improve the life of others, or help people to do things more efficiently. Thinking of your purpose is an important way to motivate you.Talk to a supportive friend.Talking to a supportive friend would be able to overcome the problem of lacking motivation. Find someone that
44、 you are comfortable with and share your problems with him. 18Go through your goals daily.Prepare a list of goals that you want to achieve and go through your goals at least once a day. 19 By doing this, you refresh your mind with the goals you have set for yourself.Do it at once.Another way is to g
45、et started with what you need to do. _20_ But by forcing yourself to just do it, youll probably make progress little by little and without realizing it, you have actually finished the task on hand.ARead a book.BSee a motivational film.CYou should have plans to achieve success.DAfter it, you will fee
46、l recharged and reenergized.EThink of why you want to achieve what you want.FSometimes you dont feel like doing what you want to do.GYou need to do this even more if you feel down and have no motivation.语篇解读本文是一篇说明文。如何将为成功而制定的计划付诸实施？我们缺乏的是持之以恒的动力。文章就如何解决这一问题给出了一些方法。16解析：本空为本段的标题句，联系下文“Just grab a bo
47、ok, especially an inspirational book or a book of success stories.”可知，本段内容与读书有关，A项符合语境。答案：A17解析：本段的标题是“Think of your purpose.”E项中的“why you want to achieve what you want”即为本段提到的“your purpose”。答案：E18解析：联系空格前的“Find someone that you are comfortable with and share your problems with him.”可知，此处讲对朋友诉说你的问题的
48、好处。答案：D19解析：本空是对上句的进一步解释。G项中的“even more”与上句的“at least once a day”呼应；G项中的this指代上句中的“go through your goals”，且与下句中this呼应。故选G项。答案：G20解析：由空格后的“But”可知，本空和下句构成转折关系，下句所表述的内容是“但是通过强迫自己去动手做，就会逐步有进展，不知不觉就完成了手头的事情”，所以反推出设空处表示有时你不愿做你想干的事情，故选F项。答案：F第二部分语言运用(共两节，满分30分)第一节(共15小题；每小题1分，满分15分)阅读下面短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项
49、中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。An old man lived in a nice house with a large garden. He took care of his _21_all the time, watering and fertilizing them.One day a young man went by the _22_.He looked at the beautiful flowers, imagining how happy he could be _23_he lived in such a beautiful place. Then, suddenly he
50、 found the old gardener was _24_. He was very surprised about this and asked, “You cant see these flowers. _25_are you busy taking care of them every day？”The old man smiled and said, “I can tell you four _26_. First, I was a gardener when I was young, and I really like this job. Second, _27_I cant
51、see these flowers, I can touch them. _28_， I can smell the sweetness of them. As to the last one, thats _29_.”“Me? But you dont know me，” said the young man.“Yeah, its _30_ that I dont know you. But I know that flowers are angels that everybody _31_. We enjoy the happiness these flowers have brought
52、 us.”The blind mans work opened our eyes, and _32_ our hearts, which also made his life _33_. It was just like Beethoven, who became deaf in his later life and wrote many great musical works. Beethoven himself couldnt _34_ his wonderful music, but his music has _35_ millions of people to face their
53、difficulties bravely. Isnt it one kind of happiness?21A.flowersBtreesCvegetables Dgrass解析：由第二段的“the beautiful flowers”可以推出该空应填flowers。答案：A22A.balcony BkitchenCgarden Dstudy解析：本文以老人花园里的花为题材，因此该空应填garden。答案：C23A.after BasCbefore Dif解析：该空表示“如果”，因此应填if。答案：D24A.blind BfamousCsmart Dfriendly解析：由下文“You can
54、t see these flowers.”可以推出该空表示“失明的”，因此应填blind。答案：A25A.What BWhoCWhy DWhich解析：由“You cant see these flowers.”可以推出该空表示“为什么”，因此应填Why。答案：C26A.stories BreasonsCexcuses Dconclusions解析：下文介绍老人每天照料花的原因，因此该空应填reasons。答案：B27A.although BsinceCbecause Dunless解析：该空表示“尽管”，因此应填although引导让步状语从句。答案：A28A.First BSecondCT
55、hird DFourth解析：由上文的First, Second可以推出该空表示“第三”，因此应填Third。答案：C29A.me ByouCmy mother Dmy son解析：由下文“Me？”可以推出该空应填you。答案：B30A.true BhardCcool Dfair解析：由语境逻辑可知，老人不认识年轻人是一个事实，因此该空应填true。答案：A31A.greets BdoubtsCmeets Dknows解析：花是天使是人人都知道的事实，因此该空应填knows。答案：D32A.broke BhurtCpleased Dtreated解析：老人精心护理花的工作开阔了我们的眼界，愉悦
56、了我们的心。答案：C33A.emptier BbusierCluckier Dhappier解析：老人的工作也使自己的生活更愉快。答案：D34A.write BhearCplay Dbelieve解析：由下文的deaf可以推出该空表示“听”，因此应填hear。答案：B35A.changed BaffectedCdiscovered Dencouraged解析：但是他的音乐已经鼓励了数百万人勇敢地面对困难。答案：D第二节(共10小题；每小题1.5分，满分15分)阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。Worldfamous physicist Stephen Hawkin
57、g has died at the age of 76. He died 36._ (peaceful) at his home in Cambridge in the early 37._ (hour) of Wednesday.Hawking was known 38._ the public for his work with black holes and relativity，and wrote several popular science books including A Brief History of Time.At the age of 22，Prof.Hawking 3
58、9._ (give) only a few years to live after doctors declared that he suffered from a rare disease.The illness left him in a wheelchair and he was 40._ (able) to speak except through a voice synthesizer (合成器)Prof.Hawking was the first 41._ (set) out a theory of cosmology (宇宙学) explained by a union of t
59、he general theory of relativity and quantum mechanics.He also discovered that black holes 42._ (leak) energy and fade to nothinga phenomenon that would 43._ (late) become known as Hawking radiation. Through his work with mathematician Sir Roger Penrose, he proved that Einsteins general theory of rel
60、ativity suggests space and time would have a beginning in the Big Bang and 44._ end in black holes.In a statement his children praised his “courage and persistence” and said his “brilliance and humour” inspired people across the world.They added，“He once said，It would not be much of a universe 45._
61、it wasnt home to the people you love.We will miss him forever.”语篇解读斯蒂芬霍金于2018年3月14日去世，享年76岁。本文简单介绍了霍金的生平。36解析：考查词性转换。空处修饰谓语动词died，故用副词。答案：peacefully37解析：考查名词复数。the early hours“凌晨时分”为固定用法，故填hour的复数形式。答案：hours38解析：考查介词。be known to.for.“因而为所知”为固定用法，故填介词to。答案：to39解析：考查时态和语态。根据表示过去的时间状语“At the age of 22”
62、可知此处要用一般过去时；又Prof.Hawking与give是动宾关系，故用被动语态。答案：was given40解析：考查形容词。分析句子结构可知，空处要填形容词；又此处表示“他不能说话”，故用able的反义词unable。答案：unable41解析：考查非谓语动词。空处是非谓语动词作后置定语，序数词后一般用不定式作后置定语，故填to set。答案：to set42解析：考查时态。虽然主句用了一般过去时，但宾语从句叙述的是客观事实，故从句要用一般现在时。答案：leak43解析：考查副词。此处表示一个之后会作为霍金辐射而闻名的现象，故填later。答案：later44解析：考查冠词。前面的“a
63、 beginning”暗示这里用an end，故填an。答案：an45解析：考查状语从句。根据语境可知，此处要用if引导条件状语从句，表示“如果”。答案：if第三部分写作(共两节，满分40分)第一节(满分15分)假定你是李华，暑假作为交换生在伦敦学习，得知当地美术馆要举办中国画展，请写一封信申请做志愿者(volunteer)。内容包括： 1写信目的； 2个人优势； 3期待答复。 注意： 1词数80左右； 2可以适当增加细节，以使行文连贯。 _参考范文Dear Sir/Madam, Im Li Hua, an exchange student from China. Learning that
64、volunteer students are wanted for a Chinese painting exhibition, Im writing to apply for the position. I think Im quite equal to the post. To begin with, being exposed to English since a young age enables me to communicate fluently with others. Besides, years of being monitor makes me a brilliant or
65、ganizer, which will help a lot to keep the exhibition in order. Additionally, I can make full use of my related knowledge to help the visitors learn more about the unique Chinese art form. I would be grateful if you could take my application into consideration. Looking forward to your early reply. Y
66、ours，Li Hua第二节(满分25分)阅读下面材料，根据其内容和所给段落开头语续写两段，使之构成一篇完整的短文。续写的词数应为150左右。For many years, I had a recurring (重复出现的) dream. I was a little girl again, rushing about, trying to get ready for school. “Hurry, youll be late for school，” my mother called to me.“I am hurrying, Mom! What did I do with my books
67、？”Deep inside I knew where the dream came from. It was about some unfinished business in my life. As a kid, I loved everything about school. I loved books, teachers, tests and homework. Most of all I longed to someday march down the aisle (通道) to receive my diploma. That seemed more appealing even t
68、han getting married. But at 15, I had to drop out because my parents couldnt afford tuition (学费). My hope of getting a diploma was dead, or so I thought. Pretty soon, I married and had three children, and I thought: “There goes my diploma.” Even so, I wanted my children to be educated. But Linda, ou
69、r youngest child, had juvenile arthritis (幼年型关节炎) in her hands and knees, which made it impossible for her to function in a normal classroom. I felt really sorry for her and I didnt want her to live her life with regret. I didnt give up hope of her being back to school in some way. One day, I saw an
70、 ad in the newspaper for evening courses. “Thats the answer，”I said to myself. Linda always feels better in the evening, so Ill just sign her up for night school. Linda was busy filling out enrollment (入学) forms when the secretary said: “Mrs. Schantz, why dont you come back to school？” I laughed: “T
71、heres no way! Im 55！”But he persisted, and before I knew what I had done, I was enrolled for classes in English and crafts. “This is only an experiment，” I warned him, but he just smiled. So, I told myself to try for just a semester and to see if it would work. Anyway, my dream was still there in my
72、 heart. Paragraph 1：It was exciting to go to school again but_Paragraph 2: Linda and I saw each other through the time._参考范文Paragraph 1：It was exciting to go to school again but it was no game. Sitting in a classroom full of kids was awkward, even if most of them were respectful and encouraging. Dur
73、ing the day, I was still a busy married woman having loads of housework to do. In the evening, I was a hardworking student working on my courses. To my surprise, both Linda and I did very well in night school. I went back again the next semester, and my grades steadily improved.Paragraph 2：Linda and
74、 I saw each other through the time. When I was down, Linda encouraged me. “Mom, you cant quit now！” And when she was down, I encouraged her. I have to say it was a time which was really hard on both of us. But neither of us gave up. At last, I got my diploma. To my surprise, almost all of my classmates voted for me to be class speaker, and I got a $3,000 college scholarship. The unfinished business in my dreams was eventually finished.