1、2020 年高考英语模拟卷及答案解析（九）阅读下列短文，从每题所给的 A、B、C 和 D 四个选项中，选出最佳选项。ASuper CampsWe are a leading provider of childcare in the UK,offering OFSTEDregistered holiday camps to children aged 4 to 14 throughout theschool holidays.Operating at 60 locations,we have holiday campsavailable in London and the South East,
2、as far south as Cornwall and allthe way up to North Yorkshire.Whether you are looking for fun holidayclubs and kid activities,a five-day specialist holiday camp for olderchildren or a combination of the two to keep your children entertainedthroughout the school holidays,we have your childcare covere
3、d!Our multi-activity holiday camps offer an abundance of fun,age-oriented(导向的)activities(4-5-year-olds,6-9-year-oldsand10-12-year-olds),from swimming and go-karting to arts and crafts andLEGO workshops.These day camps are a great choice for parentslooking for regular childcare service,available as i
4、ndividual days or aweek at a time.For children looking for a school holiday experience,our specialistholiday camps are the ideal choice.Our Cookery:International Cuisine,a 5-day specialist course is a cookery camp with a difference,wherechildren can really master their cooking skills!Bushcraft:Rainf
5、orest Adventure is the perfect outdoor adventurecamp for children with a passion for bush craft and survival skills,withactivities like Laser Tag and making campfires to inspire the interest ofyoung adventurers!Meanwhile,our LEGO Play course is a holiday camp focusing onthe art of building amazing c
6、reations with LEGO bricks.This camp reallymotivates the imagination of children in a way that only uses LEGObricks!All new for 2019,our Chelsea Foundation FC Camps invite allfootball fans to take a shot at our Multi-Dimensional soccer camps!Children will receive hours of on-pitch training and compet
7、ition withChelsea FC approved coaches,as well as hours of off-pitch sessionsaround nutrition,recovery and lifestyle!To find your nearest holiday camp,simply enter your postcode ortown in the box above or choose your camp by county here and BOOKONLINE TODAY!1.Whats the authors purpose in writing the
8、text?A.To advertise holiday camps.B.To encourage donations.C.To introduce camping skills.D.To tell the history ofSuperCamps.2.What do we know about SuperCamps?A.It operates camps all over the world.B.It provides camps for people of all ages.C.It asks parents to send children to the nearest camp.D.It
9、 organizes different activities for different age groups.3.Which camp should a child attend if he/she wants to learnsurvival skills?A.Cookery:International Cuisine.B.Bushcraft:RainforestAdventure.C.LEGO Play.D.Chelsea Foundation FC Camps.【答案】ADB【文章大意】这是一篇应用文。短文介绍了适合不同年龄段孩子的度假营地的相关信息。【1 题详解】推理判断题。由第一
10、段“We are a leading provider of childcare in theUK,offering OFSTED registered holiday camps to children aged 4 to14 throughout the school holidays”以及最后段“To find your nearestholiday camp,simply enter your postcode or town in the box aboveor choose your camp by county here and BOOK ONLINE TODAY!”可知，Sup
11、erCamps 是英国主要提供照看儿童服务的服务，在整个学校假期期间，为 4 岁至 14 岁的儿童提供已经注册的度假营地的相关信息。要找到最近的度假营地，只需在上面的框中输入您的邮政编码或城镇，或者按县选择您的营地，并在今天在线预订!。所以通过对 SuperCamps 的总体介绍以及对不同营地的具体介绍以及预定的方式。可以判断出作者写这篇文章的目的是为度假营地做广告。故选 A 项。【2 题详解】细 节理 解 题。由第 二 段“Our multi-activity holiday camps offer anabundance of fun,age-oriented(导 向 的)activiti
12、es(4-5-year-olds,6-9-year-olds and 10-12-year-olds),from swimming and go-karting toarts and crafts and LEGO workshops”可知，SuperCamps 多活动度假营地提供了丰富有趣的、适合不同年龄段的活动（4-5 岁、6-9 岁和 10-12岁），从游泳、卡丁车到工艺美术和乐高工作坊等等。所以 SuperCamps为不同年龄段的孩子组织了不同的活动。故选 D 项。【3 题详解】细节理解题。由 Bushcraft 中的“Rainforest Adventure is the perfe
13、ctoutdoor adventure camp for children with a passion for bush craftand survival skills”可知，雨林探险是一个完美的户外探险营地，适合热爱丛林探险和生存技能的孩子。所以孩子如果想学习生存技能应该参加Bushcraft:Rainforest Adventure。故选 B 项。BBrianHamilton slifechangedinaprisonwhenhewasaccompanying his friend,Reverend Robert J.Harris,who often went tolocal pris
14、ons to do his work.During the visit,Hamilton started talking toone of the prisoners and asked what he was going to do when he gotout.“He said he was going to get a job,”Hamilton recalls(回忆).“Ithought to myself,wow,that s going to be difficult with a criminalbackground.”The conversation made Hamilton
15、 consider how prisoners couldbenefit from entrepreneurship,something he thought about for years.Finally in 2008,16 years after that initial conversation,Hamilton createdInmates to Entrepreneurs,a nonprofit organization that helps peoplewith criminal backgrounds start their own small businesses.“Harr
16、is and Itaught our first course at a prison called How to Start Your OwnBusiness When You Get Out,”he recalls.At the time,Hamilton was building his own company,Sageworks.AsSageworks grew,so did Hamilton s time spent teaching at prisonsthroughout North Carolina.Eventually,Hamilton decided it was time
17、 to change his focus to histrue passion.In May 2018,he sold his stake(股份)in Sageworks,focusinghis commitment on Inmates to Entrepreneurs.“Now,anyone is able to access the curriculum,either to becomean instructor to go into prisons to teach it or to access it for themselvesas a prisoner or part of th
18、e general population,”Hamilton explains.Inaddition,he visits middle schools and presents the curriculum to at-riskstudents as a preventative measure against crime.The free curriculum is funded by the recently established BrianHamilton Foundation,which offers assistance to military members asthey adj
19、ust to civilian life and provides loans to small businesses.“Were giving prisoners something they can do independent of a system thatisnt working for them.If you can let people know that other peoplecare about them,it makes a difference.”4.Why did Brian Hamilton think the prisoner couldnt easily fin
20、d ajob after getting out?A.He didnt have any special skills.B.He would have his criminal background with him.C.He would break the criminal law again and again.D.He couldnt access the courses provided by the prison.5.What does the underlined word“entrepreneurship”inparagraph 3 probably mean?A.Thinkin
21、g of a good idea after working hard for years.B.Trying ones best because of being kept in a small place.C.Making money by starting or running ones own businesses.D.Havingajobinaprofitablecompanyownedbythegovernment.6.What does the text say about Inmates to Entrepreneurs?A.It often assists military m
22、embers.B.It provides loans tosmall businesses.C.Its independent of the social system.D.Its curriculumhas been largely broadened.7.What is the main idea of the text?A.A man made a fruitless visit to the prison.B.A man sold his business to teach prisoners.C.A man realized his dream of being a teacher.
23、D.A man successfully created two organizations.【答案】BCDB【文章大意】这 是 一 篇 人 物 传 记。短 文叙述了 Brian Hamilton 成功创业的故事，Hamilton 创建了“Inmates to Entrepreneurs”这个组织，这是一个帮助有犯罪背景的人创业的非营利组织。与此同时 Hamilton 还建立自己的公司Sageworks。2018 年他卖掉了 Sageworks 的股份，一心投到“Inmates toEntrepreneurs”中来，去教犯人如何去创业。【4 题详解】细节理解题。由第二段“I thought t
24、o myself,wow,thats going to bedifficult with a criminal background.”可知，Brian Hamilton 心想，有犯罪背景的人找工作是很难的。所以为什么 Brian Hamilton 认为犯人出狱后找不到工作是因为犯人拥有犯罪背景。故选 B 项。【5 题详解】词句猜测题。由第三段“The conversation made Hamilton consider howprisonerscouldbenefitfromentrepreneurship,somethinghethought about for yearsa nonpr
25、ofit organization that helps peoplewith criminal backgrounds start their own small businesses”可知，这次谈话让 Hamilton 开始思考囚犯如何从创业中获益，这是他多年来一直在思考的问题。Hamilton 创建了一个名为“Inmates to Entrepreneurs”的组织，这是一个帮助有犯罪背景的人创业的非营利组织。所以通过上下文的语境可以判断出，第 3 段中划线的 entrepreneurship一词是指通过创办或经营自己的企业来赚钱。故选 C 项。【6 题详解】推理判断题。由倒数两段“No
26、w,anyone is able to access the curriculum.In addition,he visits middle schools and presents the curriculum toat-risk students as a preventative measure against crime.The freecurriculum is funded by the recently established Brian HamiltonFoundation”可知，现在，任何人都可以使用这些课程。此外，Hamilton还走访了一些中学，并将课程介绍给有犯罪风险的
27、学生，作为预防犯罪的一项措施。这项免费课程由最近成立的布莱恩汉密尔顿基金会(Brian HamiltonFoundation)资助。所以通过课程的使用人群的范围可以判断出，“Inmatesto Entrepreneurs”组织的课程已经得到了很大地扩展。故选 D 项。【7 题详解】主旨大意题。通读全文可知，短文叙述了 Brian Hamilton 成功创业的故事，Hamilton 创建了“Inmates to Entrepreneurs”这个组织，这是一个帮助有犯罪背景的人创业的非营利组织。与此同时 Hamilton 还建立自己的公司Sageworks。2018 年他卖掉了 Sageworks
28、 的股份，一心投到“Inmates toEntrepreneurs”中来，去教犯人如何去创业。所以短文主要在讲述一个男人卖了他的企业去教囚犯如何创业。故选 B 项。CMove over,helicopter parents.“Snowplow(扫雪机)parents”arethe newest reflection of an intensive(强化的)parenting style that caninclude parents booking their adult children haircuts,texting theircollege kids to wake them up s
29、o they dont sleep through a test,andeven calling their kids employers.Helicopter parenting,the practice of wandering anxiously nearones children,monitoring their every activity,is so 20th century.Somerich mothers and fathers now are more like snowplows:machinesmoving ahead,clearing any difficulties
30、in their children s path tosuccess,so they don t have to suffer failure,frustration(挫 折)or loseopportunities.It starts early,when parents get on wait lists for excellent preschoolsbefore their babies are born and try to make sure their kids never doanything that may frustrate them.It gets more inten
31、se when schoolstarts:running forgotten homework to school or calling a coach torequest that their children make the team.Rich parents may have more time and money to devote to makingsure their children don t ever meet with failure,but its not only richparents practicing snowplow parenting.This inten
32、sive parenting hasbecome the most welcome way to raise children,regardless of income,education,or race.Yes,its a parents job to support the children,and to use theiradult wisdom to prepare for the future when their children aren tmature enough to do so.That s why parents hide certain toys frombabies
33、 to avoid getting angry or take away a teenagers car keys untilhe finishes his college applications.But snowplow parents can take it too far,some experts say.Ifchildren have never faced a difficulty,what happens when they getinto the real world?“Solving problems,taking risks and overcoming frustrati
34、on are keylife skills,”many child development experts say,“and if parents dont let their children experience failure,the children dont acquire them.”8.What do we know about snowplow parenting?A.It appeared before helicopter parenting.B.It costs parents less than helicopter parenting.C.It was a typic
35、al phenomenon of the 20th century.D.It provides more than enough services for children.9.What does the fourth paragraph mainly say about snowplowparenting?A.Its cost.B.Its benefits.C.Its popularity.D.Its ending time.10.Why does the author mention parents taking away car keys?A.To show teenagers are
36、no better than babies.B.To advise teenagers not to treat their cars as toys.C.To advise parents not to buy cars for their teenagers.D.To show its correct to help children when necessary.11.Whats the possible result of snowplow parenting according tothe experts?A.Children lacking problem-solving abil
37、ity in reality.B.Children mastering more key life skills than parents.C.Children gaining great success in every aspect of life.D.Children meeting no problems or frustration after growing up.【答案】DCDA【文章大意】这是一篇新闻报道。短文报道了这样一个群体-“扫雪机父母”，这种父母就像扫雪机一样披荆斩棘，为孩子清除人生路上的一切障碍。但是专家表示，这种做法是不明智的，父母们预先给孩子解决所有问题会让孩子在
38、现实世界中失去解决问题的能力。【8 题详解】细节理解题。由第一段“Snowplow(扫雪机)parents”are the newestreflection of an intensive(强化的)parenting style that can includeparents booking their adult children haircuts,texting their collegekids to wake them up so they dont sleep through a test,and evencalling their kids employers.”可知，如今是“扫雪
39、机父母”的天下了。采取这种高强度育儿方式的父母会给成年子女预约理发，给上大学的孩子发短信叫他们起床去参加考试，甚至会给孩子的雇主打电话。所以“扫雪机父母”为孩子提供了足够的服务。故选 D 项。【9 题详解】主 旨 大 意 题。由 第 四 段“but it s not only rich parents practicingsnowplow parenting.This intensive parenting has become the mostwelcome way to raise children,regardless of income,education,orrace.”可知，但不是
40、只有富人才会做扫雪机父母。无论收入、教育或种族如何，这种高强度育儿方式已经成为最受欢迎的养育孩子的方式。所以第四段主要讲“扫雪机父母”育儿方式的普及性。故选 C 项。【10 题详解】推理判断题。由第五段“Yes,its a parents job to support the children,and to use their adult wisdom to prepare for the future when theirchildren arent mature enough to do so”可知，是的，父母的工作是养育孩子，并在孩子还不够成熟的时候利用他们的成人智慧为他们的未来做准备。
41、所以本段在肯定父母在养育孩子时所做出的努力以及正确性。故判断出作者提到父母拿走孩子的车钥匙的事例就是为了表明父母在必要时帮助孩子是正确的。故选 D 项。【11 题详解】推理判断题。由最后段“Solving problems,taking risks and overcomingfrustration are key life skills,”many child development experts say,“and if parents don t let their children experience failure,thechildren dont acquire them.”可知
42、，许多儿童发展专家说解决问题、去冒险和克服挫折是关键的生活技能，如果父母不让孩子经历失败，孩子就不会获得它们。所以通过专家所说的话可以判断出，根据专家的说法，“扫雪机父母”的教育结果会让孩子在现实世界中失去解决问题的能力。故选 A项。DThere are billions of people on this planet,and many of us love toeat meat.Can the demand be filled in a sustainable(可 持 续 的)andaffordable way?A bunch of businessmen are not only opt
43、imistic butare working to make this happen sooner than you may think.The environmental effects caused by meat consumption(食用)waste,animal treatment,health problems and even the greenhousegas effects that are potentially caused by methane gas produced bycows have given rise to a number of startups(新
44、兴 公 司)looking todevelop meats in different ways.For example,San Francisco-based Memphis Meats is developingcell-based meats in its labs without requiring any animals.Israels FutureMeat Technologies is doing the same by producing fat and muscle cellsthat are being tested by chefs in Jerusalem.All of
45、these companies usespecial processes to harvest cells from animals and grow them in a lab.But dont worry if youre not a meat lover.Startups such as Jet Eat,which is also based in Israel,are working on food products grown in labsthat are plant-based and replicate(复制)meats using natural elementswhile
46、still keeping flavor,consistency and the“overall sensoryexperience”,according to a report on NoCamels.Jet Eat,which wasfounded in early 2018,aims to 3D-print their lab-grown products by2020.As you can imagine,there are plenty of barriers facing the industry.Educating the public is a big one.Another
47、controversial issue is thelabeling of the products.Recently both the USDA and the Food andDrugAdministration(FDA)announcedthattheywillbeginjointlycontrolling the new“cell-based meat”category.Many of us have concerns about the challenges facing futuregenerations as our global population increases and
48、 the earths naturalresources decreases.The good news is that there are plenty ofbusinessmen around the worldlike those producing lab-grown meatswho are working to solve some of these problems and make a littlemoney in the process.Nothing wrong with that.12.Why do some companies begin to develop new
49、kinds of meats?A.To analyse the causes of air pollution.B.To stress the importance of protecting wild animals.C.To make people less interested in eating meat and morehealthy.D.To meet peoples demand for meat in environmentally friendlyways.13.Whats special about the lab-grown meats of Jet Eat?A.They
50、 cost less.B.They are plant-based.C.They are more delicious.D.They are available on themarket now.14.Which of the following is a barrier lab-grown meat industriesmust deal with?A.How to let people accept the meat.B.How to give themeat an elegant name.C.How to produce the meat in large amounts.D.How
51、toreduce the cost of making the meat.15.Whats the authors attitude towards lab-grown meats?A.Supportive.B.Opposing.C.Ambiguous.D.Cautious.【答案】DBAA【文章大意】这是一篇说明文。实验室培养的未来肉类问世，或将持续满足消费需求。【12 题详解】细节理解题。由第二段“The environmental effects caused by meatconsumption(食用)waste,animal treatment,health problems and
52、even the greenhouse gas effects that are potentially caused bymethane gas produced by cowshave given rise to a number ofstartups(新兴公司)looking to develop meats in different ways.”可知，人类的肉类消费会造成环境影响，比如：畜牧业产生的各种废料，动物受到的非人道对待，健康问题，甚至是温室气体效应（该效应可能由奶牛的甲烷排放造成）；以上种种问题催生了许多初创公司以不同的方式来开发肉类以满足我们对肉类的巨大需求。所以为什么有些
53、公司开始开发新的肉类是因为他们想以更加环保的方式满足人们对肉类的需求。故选 D 项。【13 题详解】细 节 理 解 题。由 第 四 段“Jet Eat,which is also based in Israel,areworking on food products grown in labs that are plant-based”可知，一些初创公司，如以色列的 Jet Eat，正在研究实验室中种植的食品，这些食品是植物性的。所以 Jet Eat 公司的种植在实验室的肉是植物性的。故选B 项。【14 题详解】细节理解题。由倒数第二段“As you can imagine,there are
54、 plenty ofbarriers facing the industry.Educating the public is a big one.”可知，可想而知，这个产业面临着很多阻碍。引导公众接受这种肉就是一个巨大的挑战。所以“如何让人们接受肉”是实验室肉类产业必须处理的障碍。故选A 项。【15 题详解】推理判断题。由最后段“The good news is that there are plenty ofbusinessmen around the world like those producing lab-grownmeats who are working to solve som
55、e of these problems andmake a little money in the process.Nothing wrong with that.”可知，好消息是，全球有很多企业家正在解决其中的一些问题，并从中赚点钱，比如那些制造实验室培养肉的企业家，而这也没什么错。所以由关键词“goodnew，working to solve some of these problems，Nothing wrong”可知，作者对实验室培育的肉类持支持态度。故选 A 项。第二节(共 5 小题;每小题 2 分，满分 10 分)根据短文内容，从短文后的选项中选出能填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两
56、项为多余选项。How to Meet New PeopleIt is easy to find a place where people gather.But once youre in aroom full of people,then what?The trick is finding a way to approachsomeone and get them talking to you.Prepare to meet new people before you arrive._16_.Don tthink in terms of yes or no questions.You shou
57、ld consider questions thatwill allow the person to contribute more than a one-word answer to theconversation.Arrive at your event or place.Dont panic when you walk in thedoor.Take your time and look over the room.If this is a classroom,takea seat and look around the room._17_,take time to enjoy the
58、artwhile looking at the people.Don t rush into talking to someone.Youhave time,so just get a feel for the group.Approach someone._18_.But remember,if the person is atthe event alone,they may also be shy and try to break out and meetpeople.You need to make them feel comfortable by chatting withthem._
59、19_.Keep them talking and talk yourself remember,conversation goes in two directions.You may have a couple ofawkward moments,but if you have a few items planned to talk about,youll find that theyll start adding their own questions and informationto the conversation.Dont forget to ask them for a frie
60、ndship follow-up._20_,tryasking your new friend if theyd like to go to another event with you.If itis a repeat event,such as a class,try asking them if they d like to meetfor coffee before the next class to study the material.A.If it is a one-time eventB.If this is an art showC.If you have picked ou
61、t someone to approachD.Mentally pull out your prepared questionsE.You may not meet your next best friend on your first tryF.You might find it easiest to approach someone who is also aloneG.Sit down and write out a list of potential questions you can asksomeone【答案】GBFDA【文章大意】这是一篇说明文。短文就如何认识新朋友提出了几点建议
62、。【16 题详解】由“Prepare to meet new people before you arrive._1_.Dontthink in terms of yes or no questions.”可知，在你到达之前要准备好结识新朋友。不要用“是”或“否”的来思考问题。所以小题 1 既要说明具体的准备，又要承接下文。故 G 选项“坐下来，把你可能会问别人的问题列出来”切题。故选 G 项。【17 题详解】由“take time to enjoy the art while looking at the people”可知，就要花点时间在观察人们的同时欣赏一下艺术。所以小题 2 要保持与后
63、一句话题一致，且为条件状语从句。故 B 选项“如果是一场艺术展”切题。故选 B项。【18 题详解】由“But remember,if the person is at the event alone,they may alsobe shy and try to break out and meet people”可知，但是要记住，如果一个人单独参加活动，他们也可能很害羞，并且会努力打破尴尬局面结交新朋友。所以小题 3 要与后一句构成转折关系。故 F 选项“你可能会发现最容易接近一个单独参加活动的人”切题。故选 F 项。【19 题详解】由“You may have a couple of awk
64、ward moments,but if you have afew items planned to talk about,youll find that theyll start addingtheir own questions and information to the conversation.”可知，你们可能会有尴尬的时刻，但是如果你有一些事情要讨论，你会发现他们会在谈话中加入他们自己的问题和信息。所以本段主要在说把心里准备好的问题提出来也就是小标题 1 本段的表达所要说明的内容。故 D 选项“把心里准备好的问题提出来”切题。故选 D 项。【20 题详解】由下文“If it is
65、a repeat event”可知，本段在说明两种活动，一个是重复性活动，另一个是一次性的活动。所以小题 5 为一次性活动，且与“try askingyour new friend if theyd like to go to another event with you”构成条件状语从句。故 A 选项“如果是一次性的活动”切题。故选 A 项。第三部分 语言知识运用(共两节，满分 45 分)第一节(共 20 小题;每小题 1.5 分，满分 30 分)阅读下面短文，从短文后各题所给的 A、B、C 和 D 四个选项中，选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。There were once two _21_
66、sharing the same hospital room.Oneman was allowed to _22_in his bed for an hour each afternoon tohelp drain(排空)the fluid from his lungs.His bed was next to the only wallin the room that had a window.The other man had to spend all his timelying _23_ on his back,_24_ at the white,dull ceiling.The men
67、talked for hours _25_ with each other.Best of all,everyafternoon when the man by the window described all the things hecould see outside the window.The man in the other bed began to livefor those one-hour _26_ where his world would be _27_ by allthe activity and colour of the world outside.The windo
68、w _28_ a park with a lovely lake.Around the lakethere were couples _29_ romantically arm in arm.Mothers werepushing their baby carts.Ducks and swans played on the water whilechildren sailed their model boats.One warm afternoon,although the other man couldnt hear the_30_-he could see the parade in hi
69、s minds eye as the man by thewindow _31_ it with descriptive words.He knew now _32_ hehad to get better,and get out there to see all the wonderful thingsoutside again,as soon as possible!_33_,the next morning,the nursefound the man by the window had passed away _34_ in his sleep.As soon as it seemed
70、 _35_,the other man asked if he could bemoved next to the window.The nurse agreed to make the _36_Slowly,painfully,he supported himself on one elbow to look out thewindow beside the bed.It faced a _37_ wall.The man asked thenurse what could have _38_ his _39_roommate who haddescribed such wonderful
71、things outside this window.The nurse _40_that the man was blind.She said,Perhaps he just wanted toencourage you.21.A.surgeonsB.nursesC.dentistsD.patients22.A.sit upB.stay upC.hold upD.put up23.A.happilyB.flatC.painfullyD.sleepily24.A.glaringB.glancingC.staringD.noticing25.A.temporarilyB.regularlyC.c
72、ontinuouslyD.consistently26.A.stagesB.erasC.agesD.periods27A.darkenedB.broadenedC.weakenD.strengthened28.A.approachedB.overlookedC.appealedD.overcame29.A.speaking outB.working outC.hangingoutD.checking out30.A.concertB.bandC.lectureD.forecast31.A.representedB.drewC.appreciatedD.recorded32.A.with cer
73、taintyB.on purposeC.bycoincidenceD.at random33.A.AdditionallyB.ThusC.HoweverD.Fortunately34.A.quicklyB.peacefullyC.hopelesslyD.firmly35.A.appropriateB.confidentialC.awkwardD.ridiculous36.A.investigationB.preparationC.appointmentD.switch37.A.brokenB.dirtyC.blankD.magic38.A.forcedB.commandedC.proposed
74、D.driven39.A.lateB.livelyC.selfishD.dying40.A.statedB.announcedC.yelledD.responded【答案】21.D22.A23.B24.C25.C26.D27.B28.B29.C30.B31.A32.A33.C34.B35.A36.D37.C38.D39.A40.D【文章大意】这是一篇记叙文。短文叙述了两个病友的故事，一个靠窗的病友是另一个病友的眼，带着这位病友看窗外的世界。有一天早上，护士发现他已在睡梦中安然离世。护士告诉另一个病人，这个靠窗的病人实际上是一个盲人。读完之后不禁让读者潸然泪下，感叹人与人之间关系的伟大。【21
75、题详解】考查名词词义辨析。句意：曾经有两名患有重病的病人住进了一家医院的同一间病房。A.surgeons 外科医生；B.nurses 护士；C.dentists 牙医；D.patients 病人。由“the same hospital room”可知，住院的是病人。故选 D 项。【22 题详解】考查动词短语词义辨析。句意：其中一名男子被允许每天下午坐在病床上一个小时，以帮助排出他肺部的液体。A.sit up 坐起来；B.stay up 熬夜；C.hold up 举起；D.put up 张贴。由另一个病友 spend all his time lying.相对比推断出这个病人是每天下午被允许坐起
76、来一个小时把肺部的液体排空。故选 A 项。【23 题详解】考查副词词义辨析。句意：与他同病房的另一名男子则必须整天平躺在床上，凝视着白色、枯燥的天花板。A.happily 快乐地；B.flat 平直地；C.painfully令人疼痛地；D.sleepily 瞌睡地。另一个病人整天都平躺着，lie flat，flat作副词修饰 lie。故选 B 选项。【24 题详解】考查动词词义辨析。句意：与他同病房的另一名男子则必须整天平躺在床上，凝视着白色、枯燥的天花板。A.glaring 怒视；B.glancing 瞥一眼；C.staring盯着看；D.noticing 注意。这个病人每天平躺在床上，无所
77、事事，只能盯着白白的无趣的天花板。stare at 盯着看。故选 C 选项。【25 题详解】考查副词词义辨析。句意：两个病友每天一聊就是几个小时。A.temporarily暂时地；B.regularly 有规律地；C.continuously 持续地；D.consistently一贯地。因为病房里只有这两个病人，所以聊天成为了他们沟通的主要方式，所以他们可以连续不断地聊几个小时。故选 C 选项。【26 题详解】考查名词词义辨析。句意：另一张床上的男子开始期盼每天下午的这一个小时，窗外世界的形形色色、五彩斑斓，让他的世界变得更加广阔、生动。A.stages 阶段；B.eras 时代；C.ages
78、 年龄；D.periods 一段时间。一个小时是一段时间。故选 D 项。【27 题详解】考查动词词义辨析。句意：另一张床上的男子开始期盼每天下午的这一个小时，窗外世界的形形色色、五彩斑斓，让他的世界变得更加广阔、生动。A.darkened 使 变 黑；B.broadened 拓 宽；C.weaken 变 弱；D.strengthened 使稳固。由“all the activity and colour of the worldoutside”可知，窗外世界的形形色色、五彩斑斓，让他的世界变得更加广阔、生动。故选 B 项。【28 题详解】考查动词词义辨析。句意：俯瞰窗外是一个公园，公园里有一片
79、美丽的湖水。A.approached 接近；B.overlooked 俯瞰；C.appealed 吸引；D.overcame 克服。病房在高处，所以是俯瞰窗外是一个公园。故选 B 项。【29 题详解】考查动词短语词义辨析。句意：湖泊周围有一些挽着胳膊浪漫散步的夫妻。A.speaking out 说出；B.working out 解决；C.hanging out 经常去某处；D.checking out 结账退房。根据常识可知，因为是公园所以会有一些挽着胳膊浪漫散步的夫妻。故选 C 项。【30 题详解】考查名词词义辨析。句意：虽然另一个人听不到乐队的演奏，但他能从他脑海中看到游行队伍，正如靠窗的
80、那个人用描述性的词语所描述的那样。A.concert 音乐会；B.band 乐队；C.lecture 演讲；D.forecast 预报。由“parade”可知，虽然另一个人听不到乐队的演奏，但他能从他脑海中看到游行队伍。故选 B 项。【31 题详解】考查动词词义辨析。句意：虽然另一个人听不到乐队的演奏，但他能从他脑海中看到游行队伍，正如靠窗的那个人用描述性的词语所描述的那样。A.represented 描述；B.drew 画；C.appreciated 感激；D.recorded 记录。由“descriptive words”可知，靠窗的那个人用描述性的词语在描述所发生的一切。故选 A 项。【
81、32 题详解】考查介词短语词义辨析。句意：他知道必须让自己的身体尽快好起来，再去看看窗外美妙的世界。A.with certainty 确定地；B.on purpose 故意；C.by coincidence 巧合；D.at random 任意地。由上文可知，这个人只能整天躺在床上，心中无时无刻不在想念外面的世界，所以他知道必须让自己的身体尽快好起来。故选 A 项。【33 题详解】考查副词词义辨析。句意：然而，第二天早上，白班护士发现靠窗的男子已在睡梦中安然死去。A.Additionally 此外；B.Thus 因此；C.However 然而；D.Fortunately 幸运地。由“passed
82、 away”可知，这与前句构成了转折关系。故选 C 项。【34 题详解】考查副词词义辨析。句意：然而，第二天早上，白班护士发现靠窗的男子已在 睡 梦 中 安 然 死 去。A.quickly 快 速 地；B.peacefully 和 平 地；C.hopelessly 绝望地；D.firmly 稳固地。第二天早上，护士发现了靠窗的男子已在睡梦中安然死去，就连同一个病房住着的病友都没发现这个人已经死去。可见，靠窗的男子已在睡梦中安然死去。故选 B 项。【35 题详解】考查形容词词义辨析。句意：这张床上的男子选择了一个合适的时机，要求将 自 己 的 床 位 调 换 至 靠 窗 的 位 置。A.appr
83、opriate 合 适 的；B.confidential秘密的；C.awkward 令人尴尬的；D.ridiculous 愚蠢的。男子要求将自己的床位调换至靠窗的位置，所以要选择一个合适的时机和护士说。故选 A 项。【36 题详解】考 查 名 词 词 义 辨 析。句 意：护 士 欣 然 答 应 并 帮 他 调 换 了 床 位。A.investigation 调查；B.preparation 准备；C.appointment 约定；D.switch 交换。由“he could be moved next to the window”可知，护士欣然答应并帮他调换了床位。故选 D 项。【37 题详解
84、】考查形容词词义辨析。句意：对着窗口的是一堵空白的墙壁。A.broken 折断的；B.dirty 脏的；C.blank 空白的；D.magic 有魔力的。blank wall强调什么景色也没有。故选 C 项。【38 题详解】考查动词词义辨析。句意：男子问护士，为什么那位已故病友能够将窗外的场 景 描 述 得 如 此 美 好？A.forced 强 迫；B.commanded 命 令；C.proposed 提议；D.drive 驱使，迫使。这个人问护士是什么原因使已故的室友这样做。所以 drive“驱使，迫使”符合句意。故选 D 项。【39 题详解】考查形容词词义辨析。句意：男子问护士，为什么那位
85、已故病友能够将窗外的场景描述得如此美好？A.late 已故的；B.lively 充满活力的；C.selfish自私的；D.dying 垂死的。由前文“pass away”可知，这个人问护士是什么原因使已故的室友这样做。故选 A 项。【40 题详解】考查动词词义辨析。句意：护士回答说，他其实是个盲人。A.stated 阐明；B.announced 宣布；C.yelled 喊叫；D.responded 回复。由“ask”可知，本句是对上句的回答。故选 D 项。第二节(共 10 小题;每小题 1.5 分，满分 15 分)阅读下面短文，在空白处填入 1 个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。China
86、s first artificial intelligence(Al)textbook for high schoolstudents _41_(bring)out last week,following a plan by centralgovernment _42_(include)Al courses in primary and sec-ondaryschool.The nine-chapter textbook,_43_(name)Fundamentals ofArtificial Intelligence,was written by outstanding _44_(schola
87、r)from well-known schools nationwide,under the joint ef forts by theresearch center for MOOC at East China Normal University and Alstartup SenseTime.It includes the history of Al and how the technologycan be applied in areas such as facial recognition,auto driving andpublic security.Thetextbookfocus
88、esnotonlyonbasicsofAl,buton_45_(practice)use of Al in daily life,”said Chen Yukun,a professorat East China Normal University,_46_ is also a contributor to thebook.Uptillnow,about40highschoolsacrossthecountry_47_(undertake)the task of being the first group of Al higheducation pilot program _48_ intro
89、ducing the textbook in thecurriculum.The Al sector is facing a talent shortage _49_(global).The publication of the book is _50_breakthrough as it takes Altechnology out of the Ivory tower and makes it part of high schoollearning,said Lin Dahua,a professor at the Chinese University of HongKong.【答案】41
90、.was brought42.to include43.named44.scholars45.practical46.who47.have undertaken48.by49.globally50.a【文章大意】这是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了人工智能教科书开始进入中国高中课堂。【41 题详解】考查时态和语态。句意：紧接着中央政府把人工智能课程纳入初高中课程的计划，中国第一本人工智能教材上周出版了。分析句子可知，此处是谓语动词，根据 last week 判断为一般过去时，主语 textbook 和 bring out 之间是动宾关系，故用一般过去时的被动语态，主语是单数。故填 was broug
91、ht。【42 题详解】考查不定式作定语。句意：紧接着中央政府把人工智能课程纳入初高中课程的计划，中国第一本人工智能教材上周出版了。根据句意可知，此处应译为“的计划”，所以用不定式作为名词 plan 的后置定语。故填 to include。【43 题详解】考查非谓语动词。分析句子结构可知，此处用非谓语动词，逻辑主语 textbook和 name(命名)之间是动宾关系，故用过去分词形式。故填 named。【44 题详解】考查名词的数。scholar(学者)是可数名词，联系上下句此处应是很多学者编写了这本书，故用复数形式。故填 scholars。【45 题详解】考查形容词。分析句子可知，句中 use
92、 是名词，应用形容词修饰。故填practical。【46 题详解】考查定语从句。分析句子可知，此处是非限定性定语从句，先行词是 ChenYukun，从句_ is also a contributor to the book.缺少主语，故用关系代词 who/that，但非限不能用 that。故填 who。【47 题详解】考查时态。根据 up till now（到目前为止）判断为现在完成时，主语 highschools 是复 数，故用 have done。故填 have undertaken。【48 题详解】考查介词。句意：到目前为止，已经有大约 40 所高中通过把教科书引入课程承担起了 第一批人
93、工智能高校试点工程。根据句意可知，此处应译为“通过引入教科书进课程”，表达“通过”常用介词 by。故填 by。【49 题详解】考查副词。分析句子可知，此处是修饰前面的整个句子，故用副词形式。故填 globally。【50 题详解】考查冠词。breakthrough 是可数名词，此处译为“一个突破”,且该词是辅音音素开头，故用不定冠词 a。故填 a。第四部分 写作(共两节，满分 35 分)第一节 短文改错(共 10 小题;每小题 1 分，满分 10 分)假定英语课上老师要求同桌之间交换修改作文，请你修改你同桌写的以下作文。文中共有 10 处语言错误，每句中最多有两处。每处错误仅涉及一个单词的增加
94、、删除或修改。增加：在缺词处加一个漏字符号（），并在其下面写出该加的词。删除：把多余的词用斜线（）划掉。修改：在错的词下划一横线，并在该词下面写出修改后的词。注意：1.每处错误及其修改均仅限一词；2.只允许修改 10 处，多者（从第 11 处起）不计分。A video told a story about how a parent swallow taught its lazilychild.It was time for the young to fly away and feed it.However,theyoung refused to leave the net.The mother
95、 bird tried to drive it awaybut it refuses to move.At the same time,another swallow kept fly backto feed the young,but every time stopped by the other.All the parents efforts were in vain.Three day later,they gave upto their net with the young in it.Fortunately,the young were adoptedby humans,and fe
96、d.At last,a bird flew into the sky but disappeared inthe distance.A video told a story about how a parent swallow taught its lazily child.Itwas time for thelazyyoung to fly away and feed it.However,the young refused to leave thenet.The mother bird tried toitselfdrive it away but it refuses to move.A
97、t the same time,another swallowkept fly back to feed therefusedflyingyoung,but every time stopped by the other.wasAll the parents efforts were in vain.Three day later,they gave up totheir net with the young indaystoit.Fortunately,the young were adopted by humans,and fed.At last,abird flew into the s
98、ky butwastheanddisappeared in the distance.【分析】这是一篇记叙文。讲述了一只燕子父母如何教育它懒惰的孩子的故事。【详解】1.考查形容词。句意：一段视频讲述了一只燕子父母如何教育它懒惰的孩子的故事。此处 lazy 是形容词，修饰名词 child，用作定语。故 lazily 改为 lazy。2.考查反身代词。句意：是时候让幼鸟飞走自己觅食了。此处应该使用反身代词，表示“自己”。故 it 改为 itself。3.考查动词时态。句意：鸟妈妈试图把它赶走，但它拒绝移动。此处表示过去发生的动作应用一般过去时。故 refuses 改为 refused。4.考查非谓
99、语动词。句意：与此同时，另一只燕子不停地飞回来喂小燕子，但每次都被另一只燕子拦住。此处 flying 是动词-ing 形式，keep doing sth.是固定结构，意思是“一直做某事”。故 fly 改为 flying。5.考查动词时态语态。句意同上。此处句子主语是 another swallow，与谓语动词 stop 是被动关系，且事情发生在过去用一般过去时，主语为 anotherswallow，故 stopped 前添加 was。6.考查名词的数。句意：三天后，他们放弃了有小燕子的巢穴。此处 days 是名词复数形式，由前面的 three 得出。故 day 改为 days。7.考查介词。句
100、意同上。此处 give up 是及物动词短语，不需要使用介词 to。故去掉 to。8.考查主谓一致。句意：幸运的是，幼崽被人类收养并喂养。此处句子主语 theyoung 指的是那只小燕子，不是指年轻人，谓语用单数。故 were 改为 was。9.考查冠词。句意:最后，那只鸟飞上了天空，消失在远处。此处 the 是定冠词，特指那只小燕子。故 a 改为 the。10.考查并列连词。句意同上。此处表示并列关系，而非转折关系。故 but 改为and。第二节 书面表达(满分 25 分)假定你是李华，你校的“英语角社团”想聘请外教 Peter 参加本周末的活动。请你给他 写封邮件。内容包括:1.邀请参加；
101、2.主题:京剧3.时间和地点:周日下午 3:00-5:00，学校报告厅。注意:1.词数 100 左右；2.可以适当增加细节，以使行文连贯。Dear Peter,_Dear Peter，I am delighted to know you are into Beijing Opera.Now Im writingto invite you to our next English Corner,whose topic is about BeijingOpera.Actually I am fond of Beijing Opera.I think it great fun to learn tos
102、ing it.We are to meet on Sunday afternoon in the First Lecture Hall ofour school,where the condition is very beautiful.We will have a free talkfrom 3:00 am to 5:00 pm.Whats more，I advise you to go to theInternet to look up some information about Beijing Opera in advance,which can help us better talk
103、 to each other.Would you like to join us?Please do let me know.Looking forwardto your early reply.Yours,LiHua.【分析】这是一篇应用文写作。【详解】第 1 步：根据提示可知,本篇为一封电子邮件；假定你是李华，你校的“英语角社团”想聘请外教 Peter 参加本周末的活动。请你给他 写封邮件。内容包括:1.邀请参加；2.主题:京剧；3.时间和地点:周日下午 3:00-5:00，学校报告厅。第 2 步：根据写作要求,确定关键词（组）,如：be delighted to（高兴）；befond o
104、f（喜欢）；First Lecture Hall（第一报告厅）；a free talk（自由谈话）；in advance（提前）等。第 3 步：根据提示及关键词（组）进行遣词造句,注意主谓一致和时态问题。此处文章主要应用一般现在时。第 4 步：连句成文,注意使用恰当的连词进行句子之间的衔接与过渡,书写一定要规范清晰,保持整洁美观的卷面是非常重要的。【点睛】范文内容完整,语言规范,语篇连贯,词数适当。作者在范文中使用了较多高级表达方式,如 Now Im writing to invite you to our next EnglishCorner,whose topic is about Beijing Opera.运用了定语从句；I think itgreat fun to learn to sing it.运用了 it 做形式宾语。全文中没有中国式英语的句式,显示了很高的驾驭英语的能力。另外,文章思路清晰、层次分明,上下句转换自然,为文章增色添彩。