1、课后限时作业(二)语言知识练.单句语法填空1Saving lives for the firemen _means_(mean) risking their own lives now.2Its no use_learning_ (learn) without thinking.3The disabled _are_(be) to receive more money.4One third of the students in this class _are_(be) girls.5When we will have a test _has_(have) not been decided ye
2、t.句型训练1据说有五个科学家已经动身前往南极洲了。It is said that _five_scientists_have_set_out_for_Antarctica_.2三分之二的学生已经完成了作业。Two thirds of the students _have_finished_their_homework_.3我们不得不迅速适应新制度。_We_have_to_adapt_to_ the new system quickly.4她被认为是学校里最好的老师。_She_is_regarded_ as the best teacher in the school.5今晚我们被邀请去音乐会
3、对我们来说是个好消息。_That_we_are_invited_to_a_concert_this_evening_ is good news to us.6学好英语需要大量练习。_To_learn_English_well_ needs a lot of practice.高考题型练.阅读理解Where do you keep ice? In the freezer, of course. Thats what scientists might have thought when they were looking for a safe place to store ice from mou
4、ntain glaciers(冰川) from around the world. Theyve decided to store ice in Antarctica(南极) because global warming is causing some of the glaciers in places like the Alps to melt.Jerome Chappellaz of the French National Center for Scientific Research is involved in creating an ice vault(地下室) there. He s
5、ays, “We are probably the only scientific community whose sample(样本) is in danger of disappearing from the face of the planet. If you work on rocks or on tree rings, the raw material is still here and will be for many centuries.”And why do scientists need to study ice from the Alps, for example? Ice
6、 formed on the top of a mountain is made of snow accumulated over thousands of years. Trapped air bubbles(气泡) contain samples of the atmosphere that existed when that ice was formed. Ice is a record of climate. By examining ice, we know carbon dioxide in the atmosphere is higher now than in the last
7、 three million years. Researchers use this kind of data to build computer models and try to predict what might happen in the future.The ice vault will be housed in a snow cave at the Concordia Research Station, which is operated by scientists from France and Italy. The ice samples will be sealed in
8、bags and placed 10 meters below the surface, at a constant temperature of 50. This will put the scientists minds at rest. Losing the ice samples would be a disaster, and nobody wants to see a mine of scientific knowledge lost forever in a giant pool.本文为说明文。科学家们决定在南极建立地下室储存冰雪样本， 以帮助了解和预测全球气候变化。1What
9、makes Antarctica a safe place to store ice?AIts large mountains.BIts function as a freezer.CThe abundant ice samples there.DThe absence of global warming.解析 B细节理解题。根据第一段可知， 科学家们把南极当“冰箱”来储存冰雪样本， 故选B项。2Why does Jerome compare ice with rocks and tree rings?ATo show its necessary to store ice.BTo show i
10、ts more valuable to study ice.CTo show ice disappears very quickly.DTo show ice should be stored at home.解析 A推理判断题。根据第二段Jerome所说的话可知， 相较于研究岩石和树木年轮的科学家(他们的样本可以存在数个世纪), 研究气候的科学家是唯一面临研究样本会消失的(由于气候变暖， 冰川融化)科研群体， 重在说明储存冰雪样本的必要性， 故选A项。3What is the researchers purpose of studying ice?ATo learn about climat
11、e.BTo learn about the Alps.CTo trap air bubbles.DTo reduce carbon dioxide.解析 A细节理解题。根据第三段倒数第二、三句可知， 研究冰雪是为了了解气候， 故选A项。4What do scientists think of storing ice in Antarctica?AThey consider it an easy job.BTheyre not optimistic about it.CThey think it will cause disasters.DThey think its a reliable wa
12、y.解析 D推理判断题。根据最后一段倒数第二句可知， 在南极建地下室储存冰雪样本能够使科学家们安心， 由此可推断， 这是个可靠的方法， 故选D项。.完形填空A woman professor was giving a lesson to her students on stress management. As she raised a glass of water, everyone in the class _1_ they would be asked the “halfempty or halffull”question._2_， with a smile on her face, s
13、he asked the students，“How _3_ do you think this glass of water weighs？”Answers called out _4_ from 100ml to 300ml.She quieted the students down and then replied，“It does not matter on the absolute weight. It _5_ on how long you hold it. If I hold it for a minute, it is OK. If I hold it for an hour,
14、 I will have an ache in my right _6_. If I hold it for a day, my arm will feel numb. In each case, the _7_ of the glass of water doesnt change, but the _8_ I hold it, the heavier it becomes. Why？”Lost in _9_. All the students kept silent and listened to the professor carefully.“Our _10_ and worries
15、in life are like that glass of water. If we _11_ our burdens all the time, sooner or later, we will feel exhausted, even _12_ to carry on.”_13_ you have to do is to put all your burdens down, as _14_ in the evening as possible. Dont carry _15_through the evening into the night; by doing this, we can
16、 get _16_ next morning and are able to move forward.More _17_ than not, life gets terrible when we think too much. And the moment you _18_ your burdens, youll find yourself feeling so much more relaxed.So rather than being upset and feeling _19_ for yourself, start doing something about it. After al
17、l, life is too short to _20_ yourself to anything that is not making you happy.1Aknew Bagreed Cexpected Dargued2A.Instead BMeanwhile CAnyhow DTherefore3A.full Blittle Cheavy Dmuch4A.replied Branged Cread Dremained5A.holds Bcalls Ctakes Ddepends6A.finger Bfoot Carm Dleg7A.shape Bfunction Csize Dweigh
18、t8A.better Blonger Cdeeper Dfurther9A.thought Bidea Cplan Dclass10A.doubts Bjoys Cstresses Dsurprises11A.carry Bcover Chide Dshow12A.uncertain Bunhappy Cunaware Dunable13A.What BThat CWhether DHow14A.late Bearly Csoon Dfast15A.this Bthat Cthem Dit16A.reset Breviewed Crefreshed Dreminded17A.usually B
19、commonly Cordinarily Doften18A.catch up with Blet go ofCput up with Dtake care of19A.sorry Bsatisfied Chappy Dconfused20A.help Babandon Cdrive Dtreat本文为夹叙夹议文， 通过一位教授让学生观察一杯水的重量的事例告诉读者：我们只有卸下压力和负担， 才能活得更轻松。1解析 C根据空后的would be asked可知， “问问题”的动作还未发生， 因此此处指学生在猜想他们会被问“杯子是半空还是半满”的问题， 故选C项。know知道；agree同意；ex
20、pect猜想；argue争论。2解析 A根据第一段可知， 班上的每一个人都猜测会被问到“杯子是半空还是半满”的问题， 而第二段提到教授的问题与学生猜测的问题是相反的， 因此， instead(相反)符合语境。meanwhile同时；anyhow无论如何；therefore因此。3解析 D根据空后的weighs及第四段中的It does not matter on the absolute weight可知， 教授的问题是询问某物的重量， 故选D项。可以说How heavy is it？或How much does it weigh?4解析 B学生们喊出的答案从100毫升到300毫升不等。ran
21、ge fromto在范围内变动， 为固定搭配， 符合语境。5解析 D根据下文中的If I hold it for a minute, it is OK. If I hold it for an hour可知， 此处指“它取决于你举多久”。hold on握住， 坚持不懈， 稍等；call on号召， 拜访；take on承担， 呈现；depend on取决于，依靠。根据语境可知选D项。6解析 C根据下文中的If I hold it for a day, my arm will feel numb可知， 如果举的时间更长， 手臂(arm)就会痛， 就会麻木， 故选C项。7解析 D句意：每一种情况下
22、， 这杯水的重量(weight)都没有改变， 但是我举的时间越长， 它就会变得越重。根据下文中的the heavier可知， 此处指杯子中水的重量不变， 故选D项。8解析 B句意见上题解析。根据第5空后的how long you hold it可知， 此处指举的时间越长， 就会觉得越重。四个选项中， 只有longer可以表示时间长， 故选B项。9解析 A根据空处下一句可知， 所有的学生都沉默不语， 认真地听着教授说话， 即所有的学生都陷入了沉思。lost in thought陷入沉思， 符合语境。10解析 C根据第一段第一句中的on stress management可知， 教授上课的主题是压
23、力管理， 因此可推测， 此处句意：我们在生活中的压力和烦恼就像那杯水。stress压力， 符合语境。doubt怀疑， 疑问；joy快乐；surprise惊讶。11解析 A句意：如果一直背着这样的负担的话， 迟早我们会感到筋疲力尽， 甚至都没法继续下去。根据下文中的Dont carry可知， 此处指如果我们一直背着(carry)负担。cover覆盖；hide隐藏；show显示， 展出。12解析 D句意见上题解析。根据空前的exhausted(筋疲力尽的)可知选D项， 指无法(unable)继续下去。uncertain不确定的；unhappy不开心的；unaware未意识到的， 未觉察到的。13解
24、析 A句意：你所需要做的就是尽早在傍晚就卸下所有的压力。此处是一个主语从句， 且引导词在从句中作do的宾语， 指物， 因此应用what引导， 故选A项。14解析 B根据空后的Dont carry _15_ through the evening into the night可知， 此处指尽早， as soon as possible表示“尽早；尽快”， 故选B项。15解析 C根据语境可知， 空处指代上一句中的复数名词burdens, 因此应用代词them。16解析 C句意：卸下重担， 第二天早上我们就能重新提起精神。reset重置；review复习；refresh恢复精神；remind使想起；
25、提醒。17解析 D句意：通常， 如果我们想得过多， 生活就会变得很糟糕。more often than not通常；多半， 符合语境， 故选D项。18解析 B根据空后的youll find yourself feeling so much more relaxed可知， 此处应表示“卸下负担”， 故选B项。catch up with赶上；let go of放手，松开；put up with忍受， 容忍；take care of照顾。19解析 A空处应选择与upset表示的感情色彩一致的词， 结合空后的start doing something about it可知， 此处表示“不要沮丧和为自己
26、感到遗憾了”。sorry遗憾的， 符合语境。satisfied感到满足的；happy快乐的；confused困惑的。20解析 B句意：毕竟人生短暂， 不要使自己沉浸在让自己不开心的事情中。abandon oneself to沉湎于， 放纵于。根据语境可知选B项。.语法填空Nowadays Chinese are using the solar calendar.But at the same time, Chinese are also using their own lunar calendar.Each lunar year 1._(give) the name of one of the
27、se animals: the rat, the ox, the tiger, the hare, the dragon, the snake, the horse, the sheep, the monkey, the cock, the dog and the pig. This list repeats 2._(it) every twelve years, 3._ is a main feature of the Chinese lunar calendar.Each Chinese month starts on the day of the new moon, and the fu
28、ll moon always comes on the 4._(fifteen) day of the month.The New Year in China, 5._(actual) better known as the Spring Festival, always falls 6._ January 21st and February 20th.On the last day of each lunar year, the Chinese will hold 7._ big family reunion dinner.All the members of a family, with
29、the 8._(except) of married daughters, will try to be present on this festival occasion, even if they have to travel many miles 9._(return) to the home of their parents.After the dinner, even children will stay 10._(wake) until the midnight to welcome the Spring Festival.当今， 中国人在使用公历的同时也使用农历，本文介绍了中国的
30、农历历法及春节的习俗。1is given解析 考查时态、语态和主谓一致。空处在句中作谓语， 此处介绍客观事实， 应用一般现在时；此处指“被给予”， 应用被动语态；主语为Each lunar year, 谓语应用单数。2itself解析 考查代词。空处作repeats的宾语， 与主语指同一事物， 应用反身代词。3which解析 考查引导词。空处引导非限制性定语从句， 先行词为前面一整句话， 且引导词在从句中作主语， 故用which。4fifteenth解析 考查数词。根据句意可知， 此处指“第十五天”， 空前有定冠词the, 因此应用序数词。5actually解析 考查词性转换。句意：中国的新年
31、， 实际上更是以“春节”而著称， 总是在1月21日和2月20日之间来临。空处作状语修饰better known as the Spring Festival, 应用副词。6between解析 考查介词。betweenand在和之间， 为固定搭配。7a解析 考查冠词。dinner为可数名词， 此处泛指“一次团聚盛宴”， 应用不定冠词， dinner以辅音音素开头， 故填a。8exception解析 考查词性转换。with the exception of除外， 为固定搭配。9to return解析 考查非谓语动词。根据句意可知， “行走很多英里”的目的是“回到父母的家”， 因此， 用动词不定式作目的状语。10awake解析 考查词性转换。stay在此为系动词， 其后应接形容词作表语， stay awake保持清醒。