1、河南省2021届高三英语上学期阶段性测试试题（一）（含解析）考生注意：1.答题前，考生务必将自己的姓名、考生号填写在试卷和答题卡上，并将考生号条形码粘贴在答题卡上的指定位置。2.回答选择题时，选出每小题答案后，用铅笔把答题卡对应题目的答案标号涂黑。如需改动，用橡皮擦干净后，再选涂其他答案标号。回答非选择题时，将答案写在答题卡上。写在本试卷上无效。3.考试结束后，将本试卷和答题卡一并交回。第一部分 听力(共两节，满分30分)做题时，先将答案标在试卷上，录音内容结束后，你将有两分钟的时间将试卷上的答案转涂到答题卡上。第一节(共5小题；每小题1.5分，满分7.5分)听下面5段对话，每段对话后有一个小
2、题。从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项，并标在试卷的相应位置。听完每段对话后，你都有10秒钟的时间来回答有关小题和阅读下一小题。每段对话仅读一遍。例: How much is the shirt?A.19.15. B.9.18. C.9.15.答案是C。1. When did the speakers last see each other?A. One year ago. B. Five years ago. C. Fifteen years ago.2. What does the man wish for the future?A. All his dreams will co
3、me true.B. Science will develop much faster.C Hell be able to do his job from home.3. What will the woman do next?A. Bring the man a salad. B. Take away the mans soda. C. Give the man some cheese.4. Whats the relationship between the speakers?A. Friends. B. Cousins. C. Brother and sister.5. What doe
4、s the woman tell the man to do?A. Prepare for landing. B. Take his headphones out. C. Put his chair back in 15 minutes.第二节(共15小题，每小题1.5分，满分22.5分)听下面5段对话或独白。每段对话或独白后有几个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项。听每段对话或独白前，你将有时间阅读各个小题，每小题5秒钟；听完后，各小题将给出5秒钟的作答时间。每段对话或独白读两遍。听第6段材料，回答第6、7题。6. What did the man like to do?A.
5、 Hike. B. Swim. C. Take photos.7. What does the woman suggest in the end?A. Life could be fun without social media.B. Family activities are very important.C. The man should go more camping.听第7段材料，回答第8、9题。8. Why was the man worried?A. He lost his wallet.B. His mother had been ill.C. A policeman was i
6、n front of the shopping mall.9 What will the man have to do in the end?A. Repair his car. B. Pay the fine. C. Go to the hospital.听第8段材料，回答第10至12题。10. What does the boy want to eat?A. Peanut butter. B. Yogurt. C. Cookies.11. What does the boy imply about carrot cake?A. Its low in sugar.B. It contains
7、 some healthy ingredients.C. Its not as delicious as other types of cake.12. How does the boy probably feel in the end?A. Surprised. B. Jealous. C. Angry.听第9段材料，回答第13至16题。13. What job is the man interviewing for?A. A job at school. B. A job at a radio station. C. A job at a TV station.14. What does
8、the man think of sending emails?A. He is rather good at it. B. He has no confidence in it. C. He has done that his whole life.15. What does the job involve according to the woman?A. A lot of traffic. B. Meeting the fans. C. Getting up early in the morning.16. Who is one of the mans references?A. Som
9、eone lie used to teach.B. Someone he used to work with.C. Someone lie went to graduate school with.听第10段材料，回答第17至20题。17. When are laundry places usually closed?A. At 10:00 a. m. B. At 7:00 p. m. C. At 10:00 p. m.18. How many washers might a larger laundry place lave?A.12. B.24. C.48.19. What do peop
10、le often do while waiting in the laundry place?A. Eat some food. B. Chat with the employee. C. Put their clothes out in the sun.20. Who met her husband al a laundry place?A. The speaker. B. The speakers friend. C. The speakers sister.第二部分 阅读理解(共两节，满分40分)第一节(共15小题；每小题2分，满分30分)阅读下列短文，从每题所给的四个选项(A、B、C、
11、和D)中，选出最佳选项，并在答题卡上将该项涂黑。AFrom helping rescued animals find permanent homes to providing care for chimpanzees(黑猩猩)that have found shelter, theres always a volunteering site for every animal lover. Here are some amazing opportunities.Seattle Humane SocietySeattle Humane Society has been helping animal
12、s since 1897. In 2013, it adopted out a record of 6, 297 pets. It provides a wide range of programs, including dog training, a pet food bank and volunteer opportunities for animal lovers. A six-month commitment is required, and all volunteers must be at least 18 years old.Chimpanzee Shelter Northwes
13、tChimpanzee Shelter Northwest was founded in 2003 as a shelter for chimpanzees. It lies in the foothills of the Cascade Mountains, 90 miles east of Seattle. Volunteers have a unique opportunity to see what it takes to run a shelter. It has three levels of volunteers; Level I volunteers help with mea
14、l preparation; Level II volunteers help the staff clean the shelter; level III volunteers are trained to interact directly with the chimpanzees.Hope For HorsesHope For Horses has an all-volunteer team that has helped hundreds of severely abused horses since 2001. Its also rescued a variety of other
15、animals over the years, including donkeys, chickens, geese and a goat. Volunteers provide hands-on care for horses and other animals, including medical research, site visits and assistance with adoption. All volunteers must be 18 years old.Purrfect PalsPurrfect Pals, which was founded in 1988, is th
16、e Pacific Northwests largest cat-only adoption shelter and organization. And its one of the largest cat-only shelters in North America us well. It finds home for over 2, 000 cats each year. It asks for a five-month commitment and volunteers must he 18 or older.1. Whats the text intended to introduce
17、?A. Benefits of being animal lovers.B. Permanent homes for rescued animals.C. Volunteer opportunities for animal lovers.D. Commitments of volunteers at animal shelters.2. Which of the following has the longest history?A. Seattle Humane Society.B. Chimpanzee Shelter Northwest.C. Hope For Horses.D. Pu
18、rrfect Pals.3. In what way is Chimpanzee Shelter Northwest different from the other three?A. It lies within the city of Seattle.B. It sets no age limit for volunteers.C. It is completely run by volunteers.D. It is a shelter for only one kind of animals.【答案】1. C 2. A 3. B【解析】本文是一篇应用文。为热爱动物的人介绍了几个动物收容
19、站，为他们提供志愿服务的机会。【1题详解】细节理解题。通读全文尤其是根据文章第一段段中的“theres always a volunteering site for every animal lover. Here are some amazing opportunities.(总有为动物爱好者提供志愿服务的站点，这里有一些惊人的机会。)”可知，本文给热爱动物的人介绍了几个动物收容站，为他们提供志愿服务的机会。C选项“Volunteer opportunities for animal lovers.( 为动物爱好者提供志愿服务机会。)”符合题意，故选C项。【2题详解】细节理解题。根据文章第二
20、段“Seattle Humane Society has been helping animals since 1897.(自1897年以来，西雅图人道协会一直在帮助动物。）”，以及第三段中的“Chimpanzee Shelter Northwest was founded in 2003 as a shelter for chimpanzees.(西北黑猩猩庇护所成立于2003年，是黑猩猩的庇护所。)”；以及第四段“Hope For Horses has an all-volunteer team that has helped hundreds of severely abused hor
21、ses since 2001. (“希望之马”有一个全是志愿者团队，自2001年以来帮助了数百匹受到严重虐待的马)”；和第五段“Purrfect Pals, which was founded in 1988, is the Pacific Northwests largest cat-only adoption shelter and organization. (成立于1988年的Purrfect Pals是太平洋西北部最大的只收养猫的收容所和组织。)”可知，四个动物救护站的成立时间分别是：1897年、2003年、2001年和1988年,历史最悠久的是Seattle Humane Soci
22、ety。A选项“Seattle Humane Society.( 西雅图人道协会)”符合题意，故选A项。【3题详解】细节理解题。根据文章第三段“all volunteers must he at least 18 years old.(所有志愿者必须年满18岁。)” 和第五段“All volunteers must be 18 years old.( 所有志愿者必须年满18岁。)”和第六段“and volunteers must he 18 or older.（志愿者必须年满18岁。）”可知，Seattle Humane Society，Purrfect Pals，Purrfect Pals这
23、三个救护站都对志愿者有年龄限制，只有Chimpanzee Shelter Northwest没有对志愿者的年龄设限，因此，Chimpanzee Shelter Northwest与其他救助站不同的它没有年龄限制。B项“It sets no age limit for volunteers.(它对志愿者的年龄没有设限)”符合题意，故选B项。BEmily Egan was born and raised in Essex, United Kingdom and speaks no foreign language, but hearing her speak, you could swear sh
24、es a Russian immigrant(移民)or a tourist, because of her Eastern European accent. But the funny thing is that she sometimes sounds French, Italian or even Polish, depending on how tired she is.31 -year-old Emilys life changed greatly in January, when a mysterious condition left her unable to speak for
25、 two months. Shed had headaches for two weeks before one day developing a deeper voice suddenly. Her colleagues at a childrens home then noticed her speech had become slow and unclear, both signs of a stroke(中风). By the time she was rushed to the hospital, Emily had lost her ability to speak complet
26、ely, but after running some tests, doctors ruled out the stroke, instead blaming her voice loss on some sort of injury to her brain.After spending three weeks in the hospital, Emily Egan was still unable to speak and relied only on basic sign language shed picked up at work and a text-to-speech app
27、on her phone to communicate. A doctor encouraged her to go on a vacation in Thailand she and her husband had already booked, and to try and relax as much as possible. She did just that and a few days into the vacation, she started to speak again.I was so thrilled when my voice started coming back bu
28、t now I dont even discern the voice that comes out of my mouth. It doesnt sound like me, Egan said. Ever since her voice came back, shes taken time off work because stress only makes her condition worse.What has happened to Emily sounds shockingly similar to that of Michelle Myers, an Arizona woman
29、who never traveled outside of America, but woke up to speaking with many accents-British, Irish and Australian-after experiencing severe headaches.4. Why is Emily Egan considered a Russian immigrant?A. She resembles a Russian very much.B She speaks Russian like a native speaker.C. She speaks English
30、 with a Russian accent.D. She can freely switch between English and Russian.5. What resulted in Emilys inability to speak?A. Brain injury.B. A sudden stroke.C. Long-term tiredness.D. Serious headaches.6. The underlined word discern in paragraph 4 most probably means .A. controlB. ignoreC. transformD
31、. recognize7. What can be inferred about Emily from the text?A. She has already returned to work.B. Her case isnt alone in the world.C. She learned sign language after her voice loss.D. Her voice returned after three weeks treatment.【答案】4. C 5. A 6. D 7. B【解析】本文是一篇记叙文。一名土生土长的英国女子突然失语，在医院治疗了几周后都没有任何效
32、果，后来在医生的建议下，她和丈夫一起去泰国旅行。旅行途中，她的嗓音恢复了，不过说话却带有浓重的东欧口音。【4题详解】细节理解题。根据文章第一段中的“hearing her speak, you could swear shes a Russian immigrant（移民）or tourist, because of her Eastern European accent.”可知，土生土长的英国女子艾米莉被人们认为是俄罗斯移民或游客是因为她说话带有浓重的东欧口音。故选C。【5题详解】细节理解题。根据文章第二段中的“blaming her voice loss on some sort of i
33、njury to her brain”可知，艾米莉失语是因为脑部受损。故选A。【6题详解】词义猜测题。划线词所在句子“I was so thrilled when my voice started coming back but now I dont even discern the voice that comes out of my mouth. It doesnt sound like me, Egan said. Ever since her voice came back, shes taken time off work because stress only makes her
34、condition worse.”句意为“当我的声音恢复时，我非常激动，但现在我甚至不能_从我嘴里出来的声音。它听起来不像我的声音。”由此可以猜测，划线词最有可能意为“分辨；识别”。故选D。【7题详解】推理判断题。根据文章最后一段“What has happened to Emily sounds shockingly similar to that of Michelle Myers, an Arizona woman who never traveled outside of America, but woke up to speaking with many accents-Britis
35、h, Irish and Australian-after experiencing severe headaches.”可知，发生在艾米莉身上的事情听起来和米歇尔迈尔斯的经历惊人的相似，米歇尔迈尔斯是一位亚利桑那州的女士，她从未离开过美国，但是在经历了严重的头痛之后，她发现自己说话带有多种口音英国口音、爱尔兰口音和澳大利亚口音。由此可以推断，艾米莉的情况并非个案。故选B。CA relative of starfish doesnt have eyes, but can sill see. That information comes from scientists who studied s
36、ea creatures in the coral reefs of the Caribbean and Gulf of Mexico.The researchers reported this month that the starfishs relative-called the red brittle star is only the second creature known to be able to see without having eyes. This ability is call extraocular vision(眼外视觉). The other creature s
37、aid to have extraocular vision is a kind of sea urchin.Brittle stars, with five arms extending from a central disk, are part of a group of sea life called echinoderms. They have a nervous system but no brain. The red brittle star measures up to about 35 centimeters wide, from the end of one arm to t
38、he other. It lives in bright and complex environments. Because of the possibility of being eaten by fish, the creature hides during daylight hours.The red brittles star possesses extraocular vision as a result of light-sensing cells, called photoreceptors. These photoreceptors cover its body and chr
39、omatophores, the cells responsible for coloring. During the daytime, the chromatophores narrow the field of light being detected, making each photoreceptors like the pixel(像素) of a computer image. When combined with other pixels, the image becomes complete.The visual system doesnt work at night. Lab
40、oratory experiments suggested that the brittle stars have very simple vision. Placed in a circular environment, for example, they moved toward walls that were white with a black bar, suggestive of al daytime hiding place.Lauren Sumner-Rooney is a research fellow at the Oxford University Museum of Na
41、tural History. She led the study. She said, Its such a different concept for us, as very visually driven animals, to imagine how an animal might see its habitat without eyes, but now we know of two examples.8. Whats researchers new finding about the red brittle star?A. It is a relative of starfish.B
42、. It lives in the coral reefs.C. It has a very rare ability.D. It is a sea creature.9. Whats the authors purpose in writing paragraph 3?A. To give: reasons why the brittle star has no brain.B. To make a general introduction of the brittle star.C. To stress the role the brittle star plays in the sea.
43、D. To explain why the brittle star keeps a unique lifestyle.10. According to the text, photoreceptors .A. spread on the surface of the red brittle starB. function normally even in the nighttimeC. control the field of light being detectedD. serve as cells responsible for coloring11. What is the best
44、title for the text?A How Sea Creature Finds Its Habitat UnderwaterB. How Sea Creatures Visual System WorksC. Sea Creature Finds New HabitatD. Sea Creature Sees Without Eyes【答案】8. C 9. B 10. A 11. D【解析】本文是一篇说明文，主要介绍了科学家们发现的第二种没有眼睛但却能看清楚东西的海洋生物蛇尾海星的相关信息。【8题详解】推理判断题。根据文章第二段“The researchers reported thi
45、s month that the starfishs relative-called the red brittle star is only the second creature known to be able to see without having eyes.(研究人员本月报告说，海星的近亲红蛇尾海星是已知的第二种不用眼睛就能看到东西的生物。)”可知，研究人员关于红蛇尾海星的新发现是它有着不用眼睛就能看见东西的能力，因此C选项“It has a very rare ability. (它有罕见的能力)”符合推测。故选C项。【9题详解】推理判断题。根据文章第三段“Brittle st
46、ars, with five arms extending from a central disk, are part of a group of sea life called echinoderms. They have a nervous system but no brain. The red brittle star measures up to about 35 centimeters wide, from the end of one arm to the other. It lives in bright and complex environments. Because of
47、 the possibility of being eaten by fish, the creature hides during daylight hours.(蛇尾海星有五条臂从中央盘延伸出来，是一群叫棘皮类动物的海洋生物中的一员。它们有神经系统，但没有大脑。红海蛇尾宽约35厘米，它生活在明亮复杂的环境中。因为有可能被鱼吃掉，这种生物会在白天躲起来。)”可推知，作者写作本段主要是为了介绍蛇尾海星的基本情况。因此，B项“To make a general introduction of the brittle star. (对海蛇尾作一个一般性的介绍)”符合题意，故选B项。【10题详解】细
48、节理解题。根据文章第四段中的“The red brittle star possesses extraocular vision as a result of light-sensing cells, called photoreceptors. These photoreceptors cover its body.( 红蛇尾海星拥有视外视觉，这是一种被称为光感受器的感光细胞的结果。这些光感受器覆盖着它的身体)”可知，红蛇尾海星的身体表面遍布光感受器，因此A选项“spread on the surface of the red brittle star(红蛇尾海星的身体表面遍布光感受器)”符
49、合题意，故选A项。【11题详解】主旨大意题。通读全文尤其是根据文章第一段中的“A relative of starfish doesnt have eyes, but can still see.(海星的近亲没有眼睛，但能看见。)”可知，本本文主要介绍了科学家们发现的第二种没有眼睛但却能看清楚东西的海洋生物的相关信息。因此，本文的最好的标题是D选项“Sea Creature Sees Without Eyes(没有眼睛就能看见的海洋生物)”符合题意，故选D项。DA research team led by UCLA materials scientists has shown ways to
50、make super white paint that reflects as much as 98% of incoming heat from the sun. The advance shows practical pathways for designing paints that, if used on rooftops and other parts of a building, could greatly reduce cooling costs, beyond what standard white cool-roof paints can achieve.“When you
51、wear a white T-shirt on a hot sunny day, you feel cooler than if you wear one thats darker in color thats because the white shirt reflects more sunlight and its the same concept for buildings,” said Aaswath Raman, a researcher of the study. “A roof painted white will be cooler inside than one in a d
52、arker shade by rejecting heat at infrared (红外线的) wavelengths, which we humans cannot see with our eyes. This super white paint could allow buildings to cool down even more by radiative(辐射的) cooling.”The best performing white paints now available typically reflect around 85% of incoming sun heat. The
53、 remainder is absorbed by the chemical makeup of the paint. The researchers showed that simple changes in a paints ingredients could offer a big jump, reflecting as much as 98% of incoming radiation. The potential cooling benefits this super white paint can achieve may be realized in the near future
54、 because the changes suggested are within the abilities of the paint and coatings industry.Many cities and governments, including the stale of California and New York City, have started to encourage cool-roof technologies for new buildings. “We hope that the work will inspire future creativity in su
55、per-white coatings for not only energy savings in buildings, but also lessening the heat island effects of cities, and perhaps even showing a practical way that, if applied globally, could affect climate change,” said Raman, who has studied cooling paint technologies for several years, “This would r
56、equire experts in diverse fields to work together.”12. Whats the function of the super white paint?A. Reflecting all the sun heat.B. Lowering building costs.C. Keeping buildings cool.D. Absorbing heat quickly.13. How does Aaswath Raman explain the working principle of the paint?A. By telling a story
57、.B. By listing scientific data.C. By conducting all experiment.D. By making a similar comparison.14. What can be inferred about the super white paint from the text?A. It is completely chemical free.B. It is still unavailable in the market.C. Its ingredients still need improving.D. Is effects have be
58、en greatly improved.15. What do Ramans words in the last paragraph imply about the work?A. He has high expectations of it.B. He urges greater attention to it.C. He believes it can stop climate change.D. He thinks its easy to carry out worldwide.【答案】12. C 13. D 14. B 15. A【解析】本文是一篇说明文。由加州大学洛杉矶分校的材料科学
59、家们领导的一个研究小组已经展示了制造超白涂料的方法，这种涂料能够反射多达98%的来自太阳的热量，如果在屋顶和建筑物的其他部分使用，可以大大降低降温成本。【12题详解】细节理解题。根据文章第一段内容“A research team led by UCLA materials scientists has shown ways to make super white paint that reflects as much as 98% of incoming heat from the sun. The advance shows practical pathways for designing
60、paints that, if used on rooftops and other parts of a building, could greatly reduce cooling costs, beyond what standard white cool-roof paints can achieve.(由加州大学洛杉矶分校材料科学家领导的一个研究小组展示了制造超级白色涂料的方法，这种涂料能反射98%的来自太阳的热量。这项进展为设计油漆提供了实用的途径，如果将其用于屋顶和建筑物的其他部分，就可以大大降低冷却成本，这远远超过了标准的白色冷却屋顶油漆所能达到的效果)”可知，这种超白涂料可以
61、让建筑物保持清凉。故选C。【13题详解】推理判断题。通读文章第二段尤其是根据本段中的“When you wear a white T-shirt on a hot sunny day, you feel cooler than if you wear one thats darker in color thats because the white shirt reflects more sunlight and its the same concept for buildings(当你在炎热的阳光下穿白色t恤时，你会比穿深色t恤感觉更凉爽这是因为白色t恤反射更多的阳光，建筑也是如此)”可推知
62、，Aaswath Raman是以把超白涂料和白衬衫作类比的方式解释超白涂料的工作原理的。故选D。14题详解】推理判断题。根据文章第三段中的“The potential cooling benefits this super white paint can achieve may be realized in the near future because the changes suggested are within the abilities of the paint and coatings industry.(这种超级白漆的冷却效果可能在不久的将来就会实现，因为所建议的改变在油漆和涂料
63、工业的能力范围内)”可推知，这种超白涂料在市场上目前还买不到。故选B。【15题详解】推理判断题。根据文章最后一段中Raman所说的“We hope that the work will inspire future creativity in super-white coatings for not only energy savings in buildings, but also lessening the heat island effects of cities, and perhaps even showing a practical way that, if applied glo
64、bally, could affect climate change(我们希望这项工作能激发对未来超白涂料的创造力，这种涂料不仅可以节约建筑物的能源，还可以减轻城市的热岛效应，如果应用到全球，甚至还可能提供一种实用的方法来影响气候变化)”可推知，Raman对于这种这项工作抱有很高的期望。故选A。第二节(共5小题；每小题2分，满分10分)根据短文内容，从短文后的选项中选出能填入空白处的最佳选项，并在答题卡上将该项涂黑。选项中有两项为多余选项。A good teacher can make a world of difference in a students life, influencing
65、everything from their classroom learning to their long-term success._16_Here are some of the qualities that good teachers have in common._17_When it comes to effective teaching, strong communication skills are a must. By communicating with students at the beginning of the year, a teacher can help st
66、udents be able to approach the subject in a more enjoyable way that better supports their learning.Good teachers listen well. Teachers that are skilled in listening and observing often pick up on what isnt being said, such as any anxiety a student may have, and can then help the student build their
67、skills and confidence levels. Effective listening skills also help a teacher better understand their students._18_Good teachers are adaptable._19_And they must adjust their teaching methods based on the age of their students, the resources available and changing curriculum and practices.Good teacher
68、s are lifelong learners. Continuing to expand your own knowledge is key to expanding that of your students. Good teachers are devoted to their subjects with a great desire for learning._20_Its important for teachers to never feel as though theyve learned it all, and to remain open to new experiences
69、.A. So what makes a good teacher?B. Good teachers know their learners.C. Good teachers are strong communicators.D. They also need to have a desire to pass on that knowledge.E. The students can create a great learning environment no matter what comes.F. Good teachers need be able to work in a constan
70、tly changing environment.G. This will open a door for the students to receive and learn the course being taught.【答案】16. A 17. C 18. G 19. F 20. D【解析】这是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了一些品质优秀教师的共同点。【16题详解】根据上文“A good teacher can make a world of difference in a students life, influencing everything from their classroom l
71、earning to their long-term success.”（一个好老师可以改变学生的生活，影响从课堂学习到长期成功的一切。）和下文“Here are some of the qualities that good teachers have in common.”（这里有一些品质优秀教师的共同点。）可知，设空处应该提到怎样做一名优秀的老师。A 项：“So what makes a good teacher?”（那么怎样才能成为一名好老师呢？）符合语境。故选A。【17题详解】设空处为段落主题句。下文“When it comes to effective leaching, stro
72、ng communication skills are a must.”（当谈到有效的教学时，强大的沟通技巧是必须的。）对主题句有解释说明作用，本段的主题与交流有关。C项：“Good teachers are strong communicators.”（好的老师善于沟通。）符合语境。故选C。【18题详解】根据上文“Effective listening skills also help a teacher better understand their students.”（有效的听力技巧也能帮助老师更好地理解学生。）可知，本段主要是在讲有效的听力技巧带来的好处。G项：“This will
73、open a door for the students to receive and learn the course being taught.”（这将为学生们打开一扇门来接受和学习所教授的课程。）符合语境。故选G。【19题详解】本段的主题句是“Good teachers are adaptable.”（好老师是有适应力的。），设空处解释说明主题句，应该与老师的适应能力相关。F项：“Good teachers need be able to work in a constantly changing environment.”（好的教师需要能够在不断变化的环境中工作。）符合语境。故选F。【
74、20题详解】根据上文“Continuing to expand your own knowledge is key to expanding that of your students. Good teachers are devoted to their subjects with a great desire for learning.”（不断扩展自己的知识是扩展学生知识的关键。好老师以极大的求知欲献身于他们的学科。）可知，设空处知识和学习相关。D项：“They also need to have a desire to pass on that knowledge.”（他们还需要有传递知
75、识的愿望。）符合语境。故选D。第三部分 语言知识运用(共两节，满分45分)第一节 完形填空(共20小题；每小题1.5分，满分30分)阅读下面短文，从短文后各题所给的A、B、C和D四个选项中，选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项，并在答题卡上将该项涂黑。I was on jury (陪审团) duty in downtown Pittsburgh and decided to take a walk during our one-hour lunch break. As I was walking, I noticed an elderly lady holding up a(n)_21_, which
76、 said: “Will work for $, trying to get home.” I_22_putting several dollars in her box, but all I had was a twenty-dollar bill I_23_to use for groceries on my way home._24_, I didnt want to part with it. So I started to walk away, but eventually I_25_.I started a_26_with her. Her name was Katie, and
77、she was_27_. Shed been a dishwasher, but lost her job and_28_on the street. She wanted to go to Colorado Springs where she had relatives. She wasnt having much_29_with her sign and donations. I really wanted to_30_her, but I had only about forty-five minutes to return to the courtroom.Then I made up
78、 my mind. I told her Id_31_her to the Greyhound station, even though it was a fifteen-minute walk. I looked again in my_32_, and the twenty-dollar bill stared at me. Then I noticed an old credit card I hadnt_33_for over a year. I didnt think it would work. But I decided to give it a(n)_34_when we pa
79、ssed an ATM。To my great_35_, the money came out.On reaching the Greyhound station, I bought Katie a_36_and gave her the rest of the money for food. She was so_37_that she hugged me tightly before I waved goodbye.I ran back to the courtroom and felt great_38_that I made it just in time. What made me
80、more_39_was that the rest of the day went smoothly. Just as a saying goes, “Helping others is_40_helping ourselves”.21. A. letterB. signC. articleD. invitation22. A. gave upB. set aboutC. insisted onD. thought of23. A. intendedB. offeredC. promisedD. remembered24. A. StrangelyB. UnwillinglyC. Selfis
81、hlyD. Ridiculously25. A. kept onB. turned backC. looked upD. got through26. A. conversationB. discussionC. negotiationD. compromise27. A. hopelessB. fearlessC. speechlessD. homeless28. A. fell overB. broke downC. ended upD. settled down29. A. luckB. patienceC. courageD. experience30. A. saveB. helpC
82、. believe.D. please31. A. attractB. driveC. recommendD. accompany32. A. carB. walletC. suitcaseD. parcel33. A. seenB. chargedC. usedD. repaid34. A. tryB. nameC. honorD. award35. A. prideB. creditC. puzzleD. surprise36. A. ticketB. lunchC. souvenirD. drink37. A. generousB. friendlyC. gratefulD. outgo
83、ing38. A. dutyB. reliefC. challengeD. reward39. A. energeticB. optimisticC. touchedD. delighted40. A. properlyB. personallyC. actuallyD. especially【答案】21. B 22. D 23. A 24. C 25. B 26. A 27. D 28. C 29. A 30. B 31. D 32. B 33. C 34. A 35. D 36. A 37. C 38. B 39. D 40. C【解析】本文是一篇记叙文。作者在一次午餐间隙散步时偶遇一名在
84、街上求助的失业且无家可归的女士，后来作者送这位女士去了车站，不但帮她买了车票，还把剩余的钱都给了她。作者通过自身的经历想要告诉我们：帮助他人事实上就是在帮助自己。【21题详解】考查名词词义辨析。句意：当我走着的时候，我注意到一位老妇人举着一个标牌，上面写着：“将为美元工作，想回家。”A. letter信；B. sign标牌；C. article论文； D. invitation请柬。根据句中“which said: Will work for $, trying to get home”可知，老妇人手里举着的是标牌(sign)。故选B项。【22题详解】考查动词短语辨析。句意：我想把几美元放进她
85、的盒子里，但我只有一张20美元的钞票，我打算在回家的路上用来买食品。A. gave up放弃；B. set about出发；C. insisted on坚持；D. thought of想，考虑。根据句中“but all I had was a twenty-dollar bill I_ 3_ _to use for groceries on my way home.”可知，作者剩20美元打算买食品的，因此，作者当时只是想（thought of）给这个老妇人几美元，并没有给。因此选D项。【23题详解】考查动词词义辨析。句意：我想把几美元放进她的盒子里，但我只有一张20美元的钞票，我打算在回家的路
86、上用来买食品。A. intended打算；B. offered提供；C. promised承诺；D. remembered记住。根据句中“to use for groceries on my way home.”可知，作者打算（intended）用这20美元去食品杂货店买食品的，故选A项。【24题详解】考查副词词义辨析。句意：我很自私，不想放弃这20美元。A. Strangely奇怪地；B. Unwillingly不情愿地；C. Selfishly自私地；D. Ridiculously可笑地。根据“I didnt want to part with it.”可知，作者不想把钱给这位举牌求助的老
87、妇人，但是又觉得这样做很自私。故选C项。【25题详解】考查动词短语辨析。句意：所以我开始走开，但最终又返回来了。A. kept on坚持；B. turned back返回；C. looked up查；D. got through度过。根据下文“I started a_6_with her. Her name was Katie”可知，作者返回来（turned hack）想了解情况并进一步帮助老妇人。故选B项。【26题详解】考查名词词义辨析。句意：我开始和她谈话。A. conversation谈话，聊天；B. discussion讨论；C. negotiation谈判；D. compromise
88、妥协。根据下文“Her name was Katie, and she was_7_. Shed been a dishwasher, but lost her job and_8_on the street.”可知，作者通过与老人谈话（conversation）得知她叫凯蒂，以前是个洗碗工，但现在失业了，流落街头。故选A项。【27题详解】考查形容词词义辨析。句意：她叫凯蒂，无家可归。A. hopeless没有希望的； B. fearless无畏的；C. speechless无言以对的；D. homeless无家可归的。根据上文提到，老妇人举着牌子求助以及句中“but lost her job
89、 and_8_on the street.”可知，她失业了，在大街上无家可归（homeless）。故选D项。【28题详解】考查动词短语词义辨析。句意：她以前是个洗碗工，但失业了，最终流落街头。A. fell over落在外；B. broke down分解；C. ended up最终；D. settled down定居。根据下文“She wanted to go to Colorado Springs where she had relatives.”可知，老妇人想去科罗拉多斯普林斯投奔亲戚，可见她在匹兹堡市最终是（ended up）流落街头。故选C项。【29题详解】考查名词词义辨析。句意：她写
90、的牌子和需要的捐款都不太幸运，并没有起到什么作用。A. luck幸运；B. patience耐心；C. courage勇气；D. experience经历。根据上下文语境可知，老夫人的举牌求助并没有起到什么作用，没有找到工作也没有筹到钱。因此，作者看到她不太走运（luck）。故选A项。【30题详解】考查动词词义辨析。句意：我真的很想帮她，但我回到法庭只有45分钟的时间。A. save挽救；B. help帮助；C. believe相信；D. please请。根据“and she was_7_. Shed been a dishwasher, but lost her job and_8_on t
91、he street.”可知，老妇人失业了并流落街头，作者很想帮助（help）她。故选B项。【31题详解】考查动词词义辨析。句意：我告诉她我会陪她去Greyhound站，尽管步行需要15分钟。A. attract吸引；B. drive驾驶；C. recommend推荐；D. accompany陪同。根据第四段中的“On reaching the Greyhound station, I bought Katie a_16_and gave her the rest of the money for food.”可知，作者陪同（accompany）老妇人到了Greyhound站，并且给老人买食物的
92、钱。故选D项。【32题详解】考查名词词义辨析。句意：我又看了看我的钱包，感觉似乎那张20美元的钞票正在盯着我。A. car车；B. wallet钱包；C. suitcase手提箱；D. parcel包裹。根据“and the twenty-dollar bill stared at me.”可知，作者是看他的钱包（wallet），故选B项。【33题详解】考查动词词义辨析。句意：然后我注意到一张我一年多没用过的旧信用卡。A. seen看见；B. charged支付；C. used使用；D. repaid修理。根据下文“I didnt think it would work.”，作者认为这个信用卡
93、无效了，可推知他已经有很久没有使用（used）它了。故选C项。【34题详解】考查名词词义辨析。句意：我决定试一试。令我吃惊的是，插入自动取款机时，钱出来了。A. try尝试；B. name名字；C. honor荣誉；D. award奖励。根据下文“To my great_15_, the money came out.”可知，钱从自动取款机里面出来了，因此推知，他当时虽然认为那个信用卡失效了，但是他还是决定试一试（try）。故选A项。【35题详解】考查名词词义辨析及固定搭配。句意：我决定试一试。令我吃惊的是，插入自动取款机时，钱出来了。 A. pride骄傲；B. credit信用；C. pu
94、zzle疑问；D. surprise惊讶。固定短语to ones surprise意为“使某人惊讶的是”，根“I didnt think it would work.” 以及“the money came out.”可知，作者本以为信用卡失效了，但是尝试了一下，钱居然出来了，因此令他很吃惊（surprise）。故选D项。【36题详解】考查名词词义辨析。句意：到 Greyhound站时，我给凯蒂买了一张票，把剩下的钱给了她买了吃的。A. ticket票；B. lunch午餐；C. souvenir纪念品；D. drink饮料。根据第二段中“She wanted to go to Colorado
95、 Springs where she had relatives.”以及第三段“I told her Id_11_her to the Greyhound station,”可知，老妇人想去科罗拉多斯普林斯投奔亲戚，作者陪她到通往科罗拉多斯普林斯的车站，并给她买了车票（ticket）。故选A项。【37题详解】考查形容词词义辨析。句意：她非常感激，所以在我挥手告别之前，她紧紧地拥抱了我。A. generous慷慨的；B. friendly友好的；C. grateful感激的；D. outgoing外向的。根据“she hugged me tightly before I waved goodby
96、e.”可知，老妇人紧紧拥抱着作者，因此，她很感激（grateful）作者对她的帮助。故选C。【38题详解】考查名词词义辨析。句意：我跑回法庭，我对恰好及时赶到感到非常欣慰。A. duty职责；B. relief轻松，宽慰；C. challenge挑战；D. reward奖励。根据第二段“but I had only about forty-five minutes to return to the courtroom.”可知，当时作者只有45分钟的时间去所就职的法庭，因此，在帮助老妇人的过程中，作者担心迟到，时间一直很紧张。没想到恰好及时赶到了，没有迟到，因此，作者感到欣慰。故选B项。【39题
97、详解】考查形容词词义辨析。句意：让我更高兴的是，今天剩下的时间都很顺利。A. energetic充满能量的；B. optimistic乐观的；C. touched感动的；D. delighted高兴的。根据“ the rest of the day went smoothly.”可知，今天剩下的时间都很顺利。作者的心情也很高兴（delighted）。故选D项。【40题详解】考查副词词义辨析。句意：正如一句俗语所说，“帮助别人事实上就是在帮助自己”。A. properly恰当地；B. personally亲自地；C. actually事实上地；D. especially尤其是。作者认为，自己帮助
98、了老妇人，因此这一天工作也很顺利，自己心情很高兴，这对自己来说也是一个收获。因此，帮助别人实际上（actually）也就是帮助自己。故选C项。第二节(共10小题；每小题1.5分，满分15分)阅读下面材料，在空白处填入适当的内容(1个单词)或括号内单词的正确形式。Homeschooling is a movement around the country and the world, in which parents educate their children at home instead of sending them to a_41_(tradition) public or priva
99、te school. Families choose to homeschool for various reasons, including the belief_42_children are not progressing within the school structure.The homeschooling movement_43_(begin)growing in the 1970s, when some popular authors and researchers started writing about educational reforms. They suggeste
100、d homeschooling_44_an alternative educational option. It_45_(report) that there are now more than 2 million children being homeschooled in the U.S., with the percentage becoming_46_(high)each year. Homeschooling is legal in all 50 states and in many foreign countries.Legal_47_(require)for homeschool
101、ing in the U. S. vary from place to place._48_most important thing parents need to homeschool their children is_49_(like)them and enjoy their company and their foolishness. They have to enjoy all their talks and questions, and enjoy equally_50_(try)to answer those questions.In almost all areas of th
102、e country, parents dont need an education degree to homeschool. Those with young children can begin a home education program when their children turn school age. 【答案】41. traditional 42. that 43. began 44. as 45. is reported 46. higher 47. requirements 48. The 49. to like 50. trying【解析】这是一篇说明文。文章介绍了美
103、国的在家上学这个活动。【41题详解】考查形容词。句意：在家上学是一种遍布美国和世界的运动，父母在家里教育他们的孩子，而不是送他们去传统的公立或私立学校。分析句子结构，设空处修饰名词school，需用形容词作定语。故填traditional。【42题详解】考查同位语从句。句意：家庭选择在家上学有各种各样的原因，其中包括认为孩子在学校的结构中无法取得进步。分析句子结构，设空处引导同位语从句，解释说明belief的内容，从句不缺成分，且没有表示疑问，需用连接词that引导。故填that。【43题详解】考查动词时态。句意：20世纪70年代，一些受欢迎的作家和研究人员开始撰写有关教育改革的文章，在家上学
104、运动开始兴起。分析句子结构，设空处需填动词作谓语，根据in the 1970s可知，此处陈述过去发生的事情，需用一般过去时。故填began。【44题详解】考查介词。句意：他们建议把在家上学作为另一种教育选择。结合语境可知，此处需填介词“作为”，as意为“作为”。故填as。【45题详解】考查动词时态语态和主谓一致。句意：据报道，现在美国有200多万儿童在家上学，而且这个比例每年都在上升。此处陈述客观事实，需用一般现在时，主语it和report为被动关系，It is reported that为固定句型，意为“据报道”。故填is reported。【46题详解】考查形容词比较级。句意：据报道，现在
105、美国有200多万儿童在家上学，而且这个比例每年都在上升。Become为系动词，设空处需填形容词作表语，此处表示“这个百分比在逐年增加”，因此应该填入所给词的比较级。故填higher。【47题详解】考查名词。句意：美国对在家上学的法律要求因地而异。Legal为形容词，作定语修饰名词作主语，且句子的谓语动词为动词原形“vary”，因此应该填入所给词的名词复数形式requirements。故填requirements。【48题详解】考查冠词。句意：父母需要在家教育他们的孩子的最重要的事情是喜欢他们，享受他们的陪伴和他们的愚蠢。此处用定冠词the与most important构成最高级结构。位于句首，
106、首字母需大写。故填The。【49题详解】考查非谓语动词。句意：父母需要在家教育他们的孩子的最重要的事情是喜欢他们，享受他们的陪伴和他们的愚蠢。此处在句中作表语，结合后面的动词“enjoy”可知，此处应该填入所给词的不定式。故填to like。【50题详解】考查非谓语动词。句意：他们必须享受他们所有的谈话和问题，同样享受试图回答这些问题的乐趣。enjoy doing sth. 为固定短语，意为“喜欢做某事”，因此应该填入所给词的动名词形式作宾语。故填trying。第四部分 写作(共两节，满分35分)第一节 短文改错(共10小题；每小题1分，满分10分)51. 假定英语课上老师要求同桌之间交换修改
107、作文，请你修改你同桌写的以下作文。文中共有10处语言错误，每句中最多有两处。每处错误仅涉及一个单词的增加、删除或修改。增加：在缺词处加一个漏字符号()，并在其下面写出该加的词。删除：把多余的词用斜线()划掉。修改：在错的词下划一横线，并在该词下面写出修改后的词。注意：1.每处错误及其修改均仅限一词；2.只允许修改10处，多者(从第11处起)不计分。Yesterday start out as an ordinary day. I met a homeless person on my way to work, so I stopped but decided to give him to my
108、 lunch. It felt like everything much to me, but his smile of thank said it all! I then took a box of chocolates to the man whom works at the bike shop below office. He had lent me his bike several days early. He wasnt expecting it. Therefore, he was exciting to receive the unexpected gift.I realized
109、 that I was kindly to myself in fact. Besides, the more I gave, the better I felt and the more I wanted to do.【答案】1.startstarted2.butand3.将to去掉4.everythingnothing5.thankthanks6.whomwho7.在office前面加my8.earlyearlier/before9.excitingexcited10.kindlykind【解析】【分析】这是一篇记叙文。文章讲述了作者曾接受过别人的帮助，现在把自己的午饭送给了别人，作者意识
110、到付出的越多，感觉越好。【详解】1.考查动词时态。根据Yesterday可知，此处陈述过去发生的事情，使用一般过去时。故将start改为started。2.考查连词。句意：我在上班的路上遇到了一个无家可归的人，所以我停下来，决定给他我的午餐。结合语境可知，stop和decide为并列关系。故将but改为and。3.考查固定短语。Give sb. sth.为固定用法，此处to是多余的。故将to去掉。4.考查代词。句意：这对我来说并不算什么，但他感谢的微笑说明了一切！but前后为转折关系，but之后为肯定句，结合语境，空前需使用nothing，表示“没有什么“。故将everything改为noth
111、ing。5.考查名词。分析句子结构，of为介词，设空处需填名词。故将thank改为thanks。6.考查定语从句。分析句子结构，此处引导定语从句，先行词the man在定语从句中作主语，需用关系代词who引导。故将whom改为who。7.考查代词。句意：然后我拿了一盒巧克力给了在我办公室下面的自行车店工作的人。Office为名词，前面需要加限定词修饰，主语为I，对应的形容词性物主代词是my。故在office前面加my。8.考查副词。句意：几天前他把自行车借给了我。此处表示“几天前”，earlier/before意为“先前，之前”。故将early改为earlier/before。9.考查形容词。
112、Was为系动词，后面需加形容词作表语，此处表示“人的感受”，需用-ed结尾的形容词，exciting修饰物，表示“令人兴奋的”。故将excited改为exciting。10.考查形容词。分析句子结构，was为系动词，此处需填形容词作表语。故将kindly改为kind。第二节 书面表达(满分25分)52. 某英文报正在组织一场英语作文比赛，请你以记忆中最难忘的一次经历为题，写一篇短文参赛，内容包括：1.经历简介；2.难忘的原因。注意：1.词数100左右；2.短文题目和首句已为你写好。The most unforgettable experience in my lifeEverybody has
113、 many experiences hard to forget in life, and Im no exception._【答案】The most unforgettable experience in my lifeEverybody has many experiences hard to forget in life, and Im no exception. To me, the trip to my grandparents vegetable garden with my father is the most unforgettable.It happened on a hot
114、 summer Sunday in 2016. My father took me to the countryside to help my grandparents harvest potatoes. So curious was I about the work that I couldnt wait to lend a hand. One hour later, we returned to my grandparents home delightedly with baskets of freshly harvested potatoes.What makes that experi
115、ence especially unforgettable? For one thing, it enables me to experience the joy of labour for the first time. For another, sweating while working in the sun makes me aware that food is hard to come by and that everybody should treasure it.【解析】【分析】本篇书面表达属于提纲类作文，要求考生以“The most unforgettable experien
116、ce in my life”为题，写一篇短文，描述自己的一次难忘的一次经历。【详解】第一步：审题时态：根据提示，时态主要为一般过去时和一般现在时。结构：总分法总分法指把主题句作为总说，把支持句作为分说，并以这种方式安排所写内容。要求：1.经历简介；2.难忘的原因。第二步:列提纲 （重点词组）in life ; unforgettable; be curious about; cant wait to do sth.; delightedly; enable sb. to do sth.; make sb. aware; treasure第三步：连词成句1.Everybody has many
117、experiences hard to forget in life, and Im no exception.2.To me, the trip to my grandparents vegetable garden with my father is the most unforgettable.3. So curious was I about the work that I couldnt wait to lend a hand.4.One hour later, we returned to my grandparents home delightedly with baskets
118、of freshly harvested potatoes.5. For one thing, it enables me to experience the joy of labour for the first time.6.For another, sweating while working in the sun makes me aware that food is hard to come by and that everybody should treasure it.根据提示及关键词（组）进行遣词造句，注意主谓一致和时态问题。第四步：连句成篇（衔接词）1.表文章结构顺序：Fir
119、st of all, Firstly/First, Secondly/Second And then, Finally, In the end, At last2.表并列补充关系：What is more, Besides, Moreover, Furthermore, In addition As well as, not onlybut (also), including,3.表转折对比关系：However, On the contrary, but, Although+clause(从句), In spite of+n/doing,On the one hand,On the other
120、 hand Some,while others,as for, sothat 4.表因果关系：Because, As, So, Thus, Therefore, As a result 连句成文，注意使用恰当的连词进行句子之间的衔接与过渡，书写一定要规范清晰，第五步：润色修改【点睛】范文内容完整，要点全面，语言规范，语篇连贯，词数适当，上下文意思连贯，符合逻辑关系。作者在范文中使用了较多主从复合句，如：So curious was I about the work that I couldnt wait to lend a hand.这句话运用了sothat引导的结果状语从句和倒装句。使用了一些固定词组，如be curious about; cant wait to do sth.; enable sb. to do sth等。文章思路清晰、层次分明，上下句转换自然，为文章增色添彩。
