1、高考英语语法核心考点专项复习06：时态时态是英语学习的基础，高考的重点。时态考察的本质是动词结构，英语是一门动词的语言，动词是重中之重。时态需要掌握：动词结构、时间状语、动词变形和考点。1. 一般现在时 (do/does; is/am/are)表示现在的情况、状态和特征。例:He is a student.他是一个学生。 表示经常性、习惯性动作。例:He always helps others.他总是帮助别人。 客观事实和普遍真理。例:The earth moves the sun.地球绕着太阳转。 表示一个按规定、计划或安排要发生的动作。(常用于列车、客车、飞机或轮船时刻表)例:The ne
2、xt train leaves at 3 oclock this afternoon.下一趟火车今天下午3点开车。 主将从现:在时间、条件和让步状语从句中经常用一般现在表示将的来事情。例:If it rains tomorrow, we will stay at home.如果明天下雨，我们会待在家里。2. 现在进行时(am/is/are doing)表示此时此刻正在发生的事情。例:He is listning to the music now.他现在正在听音乐。表示目前一段时间内一直在做的事情，但不一定此时此刻正在做。例:I am studying computer this term.这个
3、学期我一直在学习计算机。现在进行时可以表示将来的含义。瞬时动词的进行一定表将来。例: I am leaving.我要离开了。持续动词的进行只有有将来的时间状语或有将来语境中才表将来。例: I am travelling next month.下个月我要去旅行。现在进行时与频度副词连用，表示说话者或褒义或贬义的感情色彩。例: He is always helping others.他总是帮助别人。(褒义)3. 过去进行时(was/ were doing)表示在过去一个具体的时间正在发生的动作。例:Mary was listening to light music 10 minutes ago.1
4、0分钟前，玛丽正在听轻音乐。表示过去某个时间段内一直在发生的事情。例:I was travelling in London last summer vacation.去年暑假我在伦敦旅行。过去进行时可以表示过去将来的含义。瞬时动词的过去进行时一定表示过去将来的含义。例:Then she said she was leaving.然后她说她要离开了。持续动词的过去进行时只有在有过去将来的时间状语或过去将来的语境下才能表示过去将来。例:She said that she was travelling the next day.她说她第二天要去旅行。过去进行时和频度副词连用可以表示说话者或褒义或贬义
5、的感情色彩。例:When he lived in country，he was always helping the poor.住在乡下时，他总是帮助穷人。4. 一般将来时基本结构是will do。例:We will send her a glass hand-made craft as her birthday gift.我们将送给她一个玻璃的手工制品，作为给她的生日礼物。表示“打算，要”时，可用 am/is/are going to do。例:This is just what I am going to say.这正是我想说的。 表示“即将、正要”时，可用am/is/are about
6、to do。强调近期内或马上要做的事。例:Dont worry, I am about to make a close examination on you.别担心，我马上就给你做一次仔细的检查。be to do的2种用法:a) 表示“按计划、安排即将发生某事或打算做某事”。例:She is to be seen in the lab on Monday.星期一你准会在实验室见到她。b) 该做或不该做的事情(语气上接近于should, must, ought to, have to)，表示一种命令、规劝性语气。例:You are to go to bed and keep quiet, kid
7、s. Our guests are arriving in less than 5 minutes.孩子们，你们必须 上床睡觉，不准吵闹。我们的客人5分钟之内就要到了。5. 将来进行时(will be doing)强调在将来的某个具体时间正在发生的动作或存在的状态。例:Dont worry, you wont miss her. She will be wearing a red T-shirt and a white skirt at that time.别担心，你不会认不出她的。她到时会穿一件红色的T恤衫和一条白色的短裙。6. 过去将来时(would do)表示从过去的某个时间看将要发生的
8、事。例:I said on Thursday I should see my friend the next day.我星期四说我将于第二天拜访我的朋友。7.过去将来进行时:( would be doing )强调在过去将来的某个具体时间正在发生的动作或存在的状态。例:The government promised that a new highway would be being built next July.政府承诺说第二年7月将有一条新的高速公路正在修建。8. 一般过去时 (did; was/were)表示过去某个时间发生的动作或情况。例:I bought some fruits ye
9、sterday.我昨天买了一些水果。表示过去习惯性动作。would/ used to do:过去常常.例:The old man would sit on a bench in the quiet park and look at others for hours without doing anything or talking to anybody.老人过去常常坐在宁静的公园里的一条长椅上，看着其他的人，一坐就是数个小时，什么也不干，也不和任何人交谈。He used to visit his mother once a week.他以前总是每周看望一次他的母亲。9. 现在完成时(have/
10、has done)表示动作到现在为止已经完成或刚刚完成，强调对现在产生的影响。例:I bought a new house, but I havent sold my old one yet, so at the moment I have two houses.我买了一所新房子，但是还没有卖掉旧的，所以现在我又两所房子。表示从过去某时刻开始，持续到现在的动作或情况，并且有可能会继续延续下去。此时经常用延续性动词。时间状语常用since加一个过去的时间点，或for加一段时间，或by加一个现在时间。例:Great as Newton was, many of his ideas have bee
11、n challenged today and are being modified by the work of scientists of our time.虽然牛顿是个伟大的人物，但他的许多见解直到今天还在受到挑战，并且被现代科学家的工作所修正。10. 现在完成进行时(have/has been doing)表示某一动作开始于过去某一时间，延续或重复地出现至今，或将继续延续至将来。例:We have been working on this project for over a month now.到目前为止，我们一直在处理那个项目，已经花了一个多月时间了。11. 过去完成时(had do
12、ne)表示在过去的某个时间或动作以前已经完成的动作或已经存在的状态。就是我们常说的过去的过去。Until then, his family hadnt heard from him for six months.到那时为止，他家里已经有六个月没得到他的消息了。表示从过去的过去开始，持续到过去的动作或情况，并且有可能会继续延续下去。此时经常用延续性动词。By the time I left the school, he had taught the class for 3 years.到我毕业时,他已经教那个班三年了.12.过去完成进行时:had been doing表示从过去的过去开始，持续到
13、过去的动作或情况，期间一直有规律的在进行、不曾间断，并且有可能会继续延续下去。此时经常用延续性动词。例:The old clock had been being taken apart of and fixed up again for several times by my 10-year old son before I came back home.我回到家之前，我10岁大的儿子已经把这个旧钟表拆卸并重新组装了好几回了。13.过去将来完成时:(would have done)表示到过去将来某一时间已经完成的动作，并且对过去将来那一时间点产生影响。例:I believed by the e
14、nd of that year an advanced version of that software would have been developed, but I was wrong.我坚信到那年年底为止，那个软件的新版本将被开发出来。但是我错了。表示动作从过去某一时间开始一直延续到过去将来某一时间，并且有可能继续延续下去。例:He told me that by the end of the year he would have lived there for thirty years.他告诉我，到那年年底为止他将已经在那里住了三十年了。14.过去将来完成进行时:(would hav
15、e been doing)表示动作从过去某一时间开始一直延续到过去将来某一时间，期间一直有规律在进行、不曾间断，并且有可能继续延续下去。例:They said that by the end of the following month, the project would have been being worked for 3 years.他们说到第二个月底为止，这项工程就已经不停地进行了3年了。15. 将来完成时(will have done)表示一个动作到将来某个时间为止已经完成，强调对将来那个时间产生的影响。例:Pick me up at 8 oclock,I will have h
16、ad breakfast by then.早上8点钟你来接我,到时我已经吃完早饭了.表示一个动作延续到将来某个时间，并且有可能继续延续下去。例:The conference will have lasted a full week by the time it ends.会议从开始到结束将持续整整一个星期。16.将来完成进行时:(will have been doing)表示一个动作延续到将来某个时间，期间一直有规律在进行、不曾间断，并且有可能继续延续下去。例:By the end of next month, the project will have been being worked f
17、or 3 years.到下个月底为止，这项工程就已经不停地进行了3年了。1. You havent said a word about my new coat，Brenda.Do you like it?2. Im sorry I _ anything about it sooner.I certainly think its pretty on you.3. A.wasnt sayingB.dont say4. C.wont say D.didnt say5. 2.I wonder why Jenny _us recently.We should have heard from her by
18、 now.6. A.hasnt written B.doesnt write7. C.wont write D.hadnt written8. 3.When will you come to see me，Dad?9. I will go to see you when you _ the training course.10. A.will have finished B.will finish11. C.are finishing D.finish12. 4.How long _ at this job?13. Since 1990.14. A.were you employed B.ha
19、ve you been employed15. C.had you been employed D.will you be employed16. 5.By the end of last year，another new gymnasium _ in Beijing.17. A.would be completed B.was being completed18. C.has been completed D.had been completed19. 6.The little girl _her heart out because she _ her toy bear and believ
20、ed she wasnt ever going to find it.20. A.had cried; lost B.cried; had lost21. C.has cried; has lost D.cries; has lost22. 7.Excuse me，sir.Would you do me a favor?23. Of course.What is it?24. I _ if you could tell me how to fill out this form.25. A.had wonderedB.was wondering26. C.would wonderD.did wo
21、nder27. 8.He will have learned English for eight years by the time he _ from the university next year.28. A.will graduateB.will have graduated29. C.graduates D.is to graduate30. 9.I feel it is your husband who _for the spoiled child.31. A.is to blame B.is going to blame32. C.is to be blameD.should b
22、lame33. 10.He has been writing the composition the whole morning and he still _.34. A.has beenB.does35. C.has D.is36. 11.If city noises _ from increasing，people _ shout to be heard even at the dinner table 20 years from now.37. A.are not kept; will have toB. are not kept; have toC. C.do not keep; wi
23、ll have toD.do not keep; have to12.The price _，but I doubt whether it will remain so.A.went down B.will go downC.has gone downD.was going down38. 13.How long _ each other before they _ married?39. For about a year.40. A.have they known; get41. B.did they know; get42. C.do they know; are going to get
24、43. D.had they known; got44. 14.You cant move in right now.The house _.45. A.has painted B.is painted46. C.is being painted D.is painting47. 15.Hey，look where you are going!48. Oh，Im terribly sorry._.49. A.Im not noticing B.I wasnt noticing50. C.I havent noticed D.I dont notice51. 16.The reporter sa
25、id that the UFO _ east to west when he saw it.52. A.was traveling B.traveled53. C.had been travelingD.was to travel54. 17.Is this raincoat yours?55. No，mine _ there behind the door.56. A.is hangingB.has hangC.hangsD.hang57. 18.I turned around and saw everybody _ at a man who _ loudly in a foreign la
26、nguage.58. A.was staring; was shoutingD. was staring; shoutingE. C.staring; shouting D.stared; shouted19.Henry remained silent for a moment.He _.A.thought B.had thoughtC.was thinking D.was thought20.We would like to go and thank him ourselves，but we _ out his address yet,A.havent found B.hadnt found
27、C.didnt find D.dont find59. 21.Shirley _ a book about China last year but I dont know whether she has finished.60. A.has written B.wrote61. C.had written D.was writing62. 22.Have you got your test result?63. Not yet.The papers _.64. A.are not correcting65. B.have not corrected66. C.are still being c
28、orrected67. D.have already been corrected68. 23.See the clouds! It _ rain!69. A.will B.is going to C.must D.certainly70. 24.Do I have to take this medicine? It _ so terrible.71. A.tastes B.is tasting C.is tasted D.has tasted72. 25.Dont take the magazine away.It _ me.73. A.is belonged to B.belongs to
29、74. C.was belonged to D.is belonging to75. 26.Is this the third time that you _ late?76. A.have been B.am C.was D.had been77. 27.Do you know when Tom _ from abroad?78. Perhaps it will be a long time before he _.79. A.will come; will come B.comes; will come80. C.will come; comes D.comes; comes81. 28.
30、My uncle said that he would telephone but I _ from him so far.82. A.didnt hear B.hadnt heard83. C.havent heard D.wont hear84. 29.The telephone _ four times in the last hour，and each time it _ for my roommate.85. A.has rung; was B.has been ringing; is86. C.had rung; was D.rang; has been87.88. 30.A st
31、orm _ by a calm.89. A.is often being followedB.was often followed90. C.is often followed D.has often been followed91. 31.The pen I _ I _ is on my desk，right under my nose.92. A.think; lost B.thought; had lost93. C.think; had lost D.thought; lost94. 32.We could have walked to the station.It was so ne
32、ar.95. Yes，a taxi _ at all necessary.96. A.wasnt B.hadnt been97. C.couldnt be D.wont be98. 33.A friend of mine returned to his house after a holiday only to find it _.99. A.to be broken B.had broken into100. C.was broken D.had been broken into101. 34.They believed that by using computers the product
33、ion of their factory _.102. A.will greatly increase103. B.would greatly increase104. C.would be increased greatly105. D.will have been greatly increased106. 35.His eyes shone brightly when he finally received the magazines he _.107. A.had long been expected108. B.had long expected109. C.has long exp
34、ected110. D.was long expected111. 36.Do you like the new pen?112. Yes，it _ very well.113. A.is written B.is writing C.writes D.wrote114. 37.Oh，its you? I didnt recognize you.115. I _ my hair cut，and I _ new glass.116. A.had; was wearing B.have had; am wearing C.had; wore D.have had; wear117. 38.As s
35、he _ the newspaper，Granny _ asleep.118. A.read; was falling B.was reading; fell119. C.was reading; was falling D.read; fell120. 39.However hard you _，you will never succeed in pleasing her.121. A.try B.will try122. C.should try D.would try123. 40.Can I help you，sir?124. Yes，I bought this radio yeste
36、rday，but it _.125. A.didnt work B.wont work126. C.cant work D.doesnt work127. 41.How are you today?128. Oh，I _ as ill as I do now for a very long time.129. A.didnt feel B.wasnt feeling130. C.dont feel D.havent felt131. 42.When Jack arrived he learned Mary _ for about an hour.132. A.had gone B.had se
37、t off133. C.had left D.had been away134. 43.By this time tomorrow we _ the machine.135. A.have repaired B.shall have repaired136. C.will repair D.would repair137. 44.I dont think Jim saw me，he _ into space.138. A.just stared B.was just staring139. C.has just stared D.had just stared140. 45.Helen _ h
38、er key in the office so she had to wait until her husband _ home.141. A.had left; came B.has left; comes142. C.left; had come D.had left; would come143. 46.You have left the light on.144. Oh，so I have._ and turn it off.145. A.Ill go B.Ive gone C.I goD.Im going146. 47.This is Teds photo.We miss him a
39、 lot.He _ trying to save a child in earthquake.147. A.killed B.is killed148. C.was killed D.was killing149. 48.The notice _ “No smoking.”150. A.is wrote B.reads151. C.writes D.is read152. 49.Good care must _ babies particularly while they are ill.153. A.take B.take of154. C.be taken D.be taken of155
40、. 50.Shortly after we _，a waiter came over to our table with a smile.156. A.seated B.were seated157. C.sat ourselves D.had seated158. 51.You look pale，what troubled you?159. I _ my dead friend.160. A.am thinking about B.was thinking about161. C.had thought about D.will think about162. 52.John and I
41、_ friends for eight years.We first got to know each other at a Christmas party.But we _ each other a couple of times before that.163. A.had been; have seen B.have been; have seen164. C.have been; had seen D.had been; had seen165. 53.Do make sure that you _ a seat today!166. A.got B.get C.should D.ha
42、ve get167. 54.We _ at the house as we _ of buying it.168. A.looked; were thinking169. B.were looking; were thinking170. C.were looking; thought171. D.looked; had thought172.55.Im told that you are leaving for Beijing.Who _ so?A.said B.had saidC.says D.has said56.I _ the room to be empty but found it
43、 occupied.A.had thought B.have thoughtC.didnt think D.was thinking57.Selecting a mobile phone for personal use is no easy task because technology _ so rapidly.A.will have changedB.has changedC.is changing D.will change58.I _ ping-pong quite well，but I havent had time to play since the new year.A.wil
44、l play B.have playedC.played D.play59.Visitors _ not to touch the exhibits.A.will request B.are requestedC.are requesting D.request60.They _ a snowstorm on their way home.A.caught in B.had caughtC.were caught D.were caught in答案15 DADBD 610 BBCAD1115 ACDCB1620 AAACA2125 DCBAB2630 ACCAC3135 BADCC 3640
45、 CBBAD4145 DDBBA4650 ACBDB5155 BCBBC5660 ACDBD【解析】1.用过去时表达没能早说之意。2.用完成时表达到目前为止本应发生的动作。3.主句将来时，状语从句用一般现在时表示将来。4.本句用完成时当无疑问，值得注意的是后面的结构是系表结构表状态，不是被动语态。5.受by the end of last year的影响，本句是典型的过去完成时。6.体会一下时间的先后就可明白，前一句是一般过去时，后一句是过去完成时。7.空格所指的是说话前正在考虑的动作。9.本句是强调句型，sb. is to blame是“得怪谁”的意思。10.填空处是现在进行时的省略。14.
46、现在进行时的被动语态。16.强调看见时the UFO正在发生的动作。22.答语为现在进行时的被动语态，指“试卷正在被批改”。23.有征兆表明某事即将发生一般用be going to表达。24.taste为连系动词，因而没有被动语态。25.belong to没有被动语态。30.全句意为“暴风雨过后是一片宁静”。33.only to引导的是一个结果状语，所填空处是典型的过去完成时的被动语态。40.一般现在时陈述事实。43.受by this time tomorrow这一时间状语的影响，本题所填是中学不太常见的将来完成时。习题-语法填空In the United States, there were
47、 222 people1._（report）to be billionaires（亿万富翁）in 2003. The2._of these is Bill Gates, worth at least $ 41 billion, who made his money3._starting the company Microsoft. Mr. Gates was only 21 years old4._he first helped to set up the company in 1976. He was a billionaire5._the time he was6._, there are
48、 still some other people who have made lots of money at even7._（young）ages. Other young people who have struck it rich include Jackie Coogan and Shirley Temple.8._of these child actors made over a million dollars9._（act）in movies before they were 14. But10._ youngest billionaire is Albert von Thurn and Taxis of Germany, who, in 2001, inherited（继承）a billion dollars when he turned 18!参考答案（1）1. reported2.richest/wealthiest3.by4.when5.by6.However7.younger8.Both9.acting10.the