1、高考英语语法核心考点专项复习01：介词英语十大词类中介词是虚词，不能单独作句子成分，必须与名词、代词(或相当于名词的其他词类或短语等)构成介词短语，在句中充当一个成分。介词用法多而杂，是考察的重点。一个介词有很多意思和很多用法，以及介词搭配也很多也是考察的重点。常用介词、易错介词的辨析以及介词固定搭配的考查将是2021年介词考查的主要方向。本专题主要是从介词的分类、功能、搭配和考点来讲解，并配以习题练习。一、 介词的分类分类特点例词简单介词即一个介词about, across, after, against, among, around, at, below, beyond, during,
2、in, on等等。合成介词由两个介词构成合成词into, onto, throughout, upon, within短语介词由短语构成according to, because of, instead of, up to, due to, owing to, thanks to等等。双重介词由两个介词搭配而成from among, from behind, from under, till after, in between等等。分词介词由现在分词转化而来considering(就而论), including，regarding，concerning等。兼类介词由形容词直接转化而来like,
3、 unlike, near, next, opposite等等。二、介词的意思1表示时间的介词(1)in表示“在某一时间段”或“在某一时候”，如用在月、季、年份、时代、世纪等时间名词的前面，或用来泛指一天的某一段时间。in也可以指“在之后”，表示从说话起的若干时间内。如：in July/summer/2000/ancient timesThe bus will be here in ten minutes. (2)on表示“在特定的某一天”，也可用于带有修饰语的一天的某个时间段之前。如：on Saturday, on Saturday morning, on the morning of Au
4、gust 1st(3)at表示“在某一时间点”，或用来表示不确定的时间和短期的假日、时节等。如：at six oclock, at Easter(4)over, through (out)两者均指“经过的全部时间”。如：Stay over the Christmas. (5)for与since：for表示动作或状态延续的全部时间长度，为“长达”之意；since用于指从过去特定的某个时刻到说话时为止的一段时间；含有since时间短语的句子要用完成时，但含有for时间短语的句子不一定要用完成时。如：I have been there for six years. We have not seen
5、each other since 1993. (6)during指“在时期/时间内”，必须接表示一段时间的词或词组作宾语。如：She was ill for a week, and during that week she ate little. 2表示地点的介词(1)above, below，over, under，on, on top of, beneath, underneath: above和below分别表示“高于”和“低于”的意思，不一定指垂直方向上的上下；over和under分别表示垂直方向上的上下或高低；on/on top of和beneath/underneath表示“和表面
6、相接触”意义上的上下。以上三组介词互为反义词。如：The temple stands on top of the hill. The pen is beneath the book. There is a lamp on the desk. (2)at, on, in：at指小地点或集会场合；on表示线或面上的位置；in表示在立体、区域或环境内，特别是那些较大，能够容纳相应事物的环境。如：He works at Peking University. Your radio is on the desk. Hes sitting in the sun. (3)between与among：betwe
7、en用来说明“在两者之间”或“三个以上人或事物中的每两者之间的相互关系”；among用来说明“在三者以上之间”的相互关系；among可以用来表示没有确定数目的物体之间的相互关系。如：There is a small river between the two villages. The book is the best among these modern novels. The relations between various countries are very important. 3表示原因的介词。(1)for常常表示褒贬、奖惩的原因或心理原因。如：They will reward
8、you for your help.(2)from和out of常常表示动机或原因；through表示消极或间接的原因。如：He feels weak from lack of sleep. He broke down through overwork. 4表示目的的介词for和to都可以引导目的地。for表示拟定的接收人或目的，for跟在含有出发或开始意义的动词后，如：leave, set out, start, depart, sail等；to表示实际的接收人或目的，to跟在含有方向性的动词后，如：go, come, run, walk, move, fly, drive, ride等。如
9、：We have left for Hong Kong. He flew to America via Hong Kong. 5表示“关于”的介词一般about用于比较随便的谈话或非正式的文体；on用于正式的讲话、著作或报告中；of用于动词talk, read, know, hear等的后面。如：What are you talking about?in terms of natural resources6表示原料的介词of和out of表示制成品的材料仍保持原材料的性质；from表示制成品已失去了原材料的性质。如：His house was built of brick. He made
10、these toys out of old cigarboxes. Steel is made from iron. 7表示价格的介词at和for都可表示价格，at仅表示价格；for还表示“交换”。如：Eggs are sold at 95 cents a dozen here. I bought it for five pounds. 三、常见的介词搭配1“介词 名词”型(1)in 名词in advance在前头，事先，预先in case如果，万一in charge 主管，掌管，看管in common 共有，共同，公有in demand 有需要的in doubt 感到疑惑的，难以确定的in
11、effect 实际上，生效in fact 事实上in order 按序，井然有序，情况良好； 恰当in progress 进行中in return 作为回报in turn 依次，替换地；相应地，转而in vain 徒劳(2)on 名词on guard在值勤on leave 在休假on holiday 在度假on strike 罢工on sale 出售on loan 借贷 onthe名词on the move 在移动，搬迁；离开 on the march 在行军on the flow 在涨潮on the increase 正在增加on the go 正在活动，正在奔走 on the air 正在
12、广播on the fly 正在飞行(3)beyond 名词beyond ones power 是某人力所不及的beyond praise 夸不胜夸beyond ones reach 够不着 beyond description 难以形容beyond words 无法用语言形容 beyond doubt 无疑beyond ones understanding 无法理解(4)under 名词under development在发展中under observation 在观察中under test 在测试中under construction 在建设中under examination 在检查(调查
13、)中 under consideration 在考虑中under repair 在修理中(5)at 名词at length详细地，长时间at sea 茫然at will 任意地at work 在上班at lunch 在吃午饭 at rest 在休息at table 在吃饭at school 上学at church 做礼拜 at peace 处于和平状态(6)out of 名词out of breath上气不接下气out of balance 失去平衡out of date 过时out of patience 不耐烦out of control 失去控制out of business 破产out
14、 of style 过时，不时髦out of the ordinary 不寻常的out of touch 失去联系2复杂介词型(1)表示原因(通常在句中作状语), 意为“由于，因为”。because of：表示实际原因(表达一种较强的因果关系)；on account of：常用来引述逻辑、理性和事实因素。(2)表示“除之外”。with the exception of except, except for“除之外”；apart from (美式英语中的aside from)是个复合介词，既可表示“除之外”，相当于except (for), 又可以表示“除之外，(还，也)”，相当于besides
15、；in addition to“除之外(还，也)”，相当于besides。(3)表示“有关，关于”。concerning=regarding“关于，就而论，在方面”；with respect to“关于，就而言”；as for和as to用于句首时表示“至于”。(4)表示“在之前”。ahead of=in advance of，可表示“(在空间或时间上比某人或某事物)更前，更早”， 还可表示“领先，优于”；in front of 多指空间的前后关系，“在前方”。(5)表示“支持，赞成”。in support of 维护，支持，支援；in favor of 可指某人“支持，赞成”，也可指事物“有
16、利于”。(6)表示“鉴于，由于；根据，按照”。in the light of 按照，考虑到in terms of 就而言，谈到according to 根据；按照in view of 鉴于，因为(7)表示“尽管”。in spite of 尽管，不管3“形容词介词”型at前的adj.：angry, good, bad, surprised, excited, puzzled等。of前的adj.：afraid, sure, certain, full, tired, fond, proud, worthy等。with前的adj.: angry, strict, busy, careful, pop
17、ular, patient等。in前的adj.：strict, weak, interested, successful, rich等。to前的adj.：polite, kind, cruel, rude, close, available等。for前的adj.：sorry, famous, fit, unfit, eager, anxious，(be) hungry/thirsty等。from前的adj.：far, different, free, safe等。about前的adj.：worried, anxious, careful，curious等。4“名词介词”型the key/ans
18、wer/visit/apology/introduction/wayto；wish/desire/prize/respectfor；pity/mercy/congratulation/effect/advice/impression/influenceon考场热身 Passage 1Mrs. Smith was unable to fall sleeping at night and 1._ 答案：sleepingasleep指导：fall asleep睡着，睡熟。固定习语。was very tired during the day to do anything,even the 2._ 答案
19、：verytoo指导：构成tooto结构。simple things that she used to enjoy doing. She had 3._ 答案：headaches more often, it prevented her from reading 4._ 答案：itwhich指导：which引导非限制性定语从句，代指那个事实。or watched TV. The more she thought about her conditions, 5._ 答案：watchedwatching 指导：watching与reading并列作from的宾语。the more worse sh
20、e felt. At last she went to see her doctor, 6._答案：去掉more指导：The worse she felt.她感觉越坏。“more+形容词或副词原级”构成比较级形式，在比较级(worse是bad的比较级)前不能用more来修饰。 whom she had known for years. The doctor listened to his 7._ 答案：hisher指导：herheartMrsSmithsheartheart and said, There is nothing serious wrong with 8._ 答案：serious
21、seriously指导：seriously修饰wrong。you ,and I accept the fact you dont fell well. Now Ill 9._答案：andbut指导：句意：你虽然没有什么严重的问题，但是我承认你感觉不好的事实。9. give you some pills(药丸) that help. Come tomorrow10._ 答案：helpwill指导：句意：我给你开一了些能治你头疼的药。help这里的意思是“对治头疼有帮助”。morning and tell me how you fell. Passage 2A warm-heart nurse o
22、n her first days work came to 1._ 答案：warm-heartwarm-hearted指导：注意构词法，又如：cold-hearted心肠冷的，不热心的；warm-blooded(动物)温血的。a patient. She asked him she could do anything for 2._ 答案：himifwhether指导：ask后接的宾语从句一般由疑问连接词来引导。him,and he only waved his hands and said something 3._ 答案：andbut 指导：由上下文逻辑可判断。she could hard
23、ly understand. She asked him again 4._ 答案：and he just kept saying the different words, but 5._ 答案：differentsame指导；句意：他一直重复着同一句话。in a lower voice before closing his eye. She 6._ 答案：eyeeyes 指导：eye显然应当用复数。felt his pulse and found him death. She rushed to 7._ 答案：deathdead指导：dead作宾语补足语，应当是形容词形式repeat to
24、the doctor sounds she had heard. My 8._ 答案：sounds，the指导：the sounds指她听到的那位患者死前重复说的那句活。注意本句的话序，thesounds作repeat的宾语，应置其后，但因其后接一定语从句，所以放在了to the doctor之后。句意：她(护士)匆匆忙忙地跑去向医生重复了一下她听到的那些声音。dear girl, said the doctor after listen carefully to 9._ 1istenlistening指导：after此处是介词。注意after既可作连词，又可作介词。作连词时是这样的：said
25、 thedoctorafterhelistened carefullywhat she repeated,he was saying youve standing on10._ 答案：youveyoure指导：YourestandingOnmyoxygenpipe你正站在我的氧气管子上。my oxygen pipe.” Passage 3 I worked like a postman for a short time,but I 1._ 答案：keas指导；work as a postman当邮递员。am afraid of the dogs and I had a lot of troub
26、le. 2._ 答案：the指导：dogs这里表示“类指”而非“专指”。“我怕狗”而不是“我怕那(这些狗)”。One day,I managed to send a postcard to a big house.3._ 答案：managedtried指导：由下文可知“送明信片”这件事还没有做到，所以不可用managed。Manage to do sth表示“想方设法做成了某事”。No sooner had I got my bicycle than a large dog ran 4._ 答案：toff 指导：got off my bicycle从自行车上下来。又如：got off the
27、bus从公交车上下来。towards the gate, barking loudly at me. It seemed 5._ 答案：to bite me. If I had moved an inch towards,the dog 6._ 答案：wardsforward指导moveaninchforward往前挪一(英寸)。would have jumped at me. At the end I had no 7._ 答案：In指导：in the end最终；at the end(ok)在结束的时候。choice but drop the postcard on the ground
28、in the garden.8._ 答案：tto指导：这里but前没有出现实义动词，所以其后应当接to do形式。The terrible-looking dog picked it immediately and 9._ 答案： itup指导：pickedit up把明信片衔起来。carried it in the house. The dog was a good postman.10._ 答案：in-into指导：carried it into the house把明信片叼进房子里。Passage 4Miss Jones was a teacher,her home was not 1.
29、_ 答案：herwhose指导：whose引导非限制性定语从句。注意：在her前加and的改法是不正确的，因为后面是由and引导的并列分句。far from her school,but she always walked there 2._ 答案：butand指导：由上下文的逻辑关系可推断出。in the morning. All the pupils in the school was very young.3._ 答案：waswere指导：句子的主语是pupils(复数)。In a very cold and windy morning, Miss Jones walked4._ 答案：
30、InOn 指导：通常说in the morningafternoonevening；但是当它们与其他形容词或某些词组连用时需用on a cool morning in spring春天的一个凉爽的早晨；On the previous evening在头天晚上；On the morning of the 4th of September在9月4日的上午。to school,and the cold wind went into her eyes, 5._ 答案：schoolthe 指导：the school指的是Miss Jones工作的那所学校。and big tears began roll
31、ing out of them. She arrived 6._ 答案：arrivedreached或arrivedat 指导：注意arrive是不及物动词，reach是及物动词。the school, opened the door and go into the classroom.7._ 答案：gowent指导：显然应该是一般过去时。It was nice and warm here and Miss Jones was 8._ 答案：happy. But then the small boy looked at her for a few9._ 答案：thea 指导：这个小男孩是上文中
32、未提及的。seconds, put his arm on her and said kindly, 10._ 答案：onaround 指导：put his arm around her双臂抱住她。Dont cry,Miss. School isnt very bad. Passage 5One day,I was cooking in the kitchen as the 1._ 答案：aswhen 指导：when此处是并列连词，“正当这时”，此时与as是 不可互换的。telephone rings. I went to answer it immediately. 2._ 答案：ringsr
33、ang 指导：由上下文的动词动态很容易作出判断。句意：一天，我正在厨房里做饭，突然电话铃响了。answer讧去接电话。She was my close friend, Lisa. When we were talking3._ 答案：SheIt 指导：it用来确定身份。on a phone,the fire alarm sounded. I ran back to the 4._ 答案：athe指导：on the phone通电话，固定习语。kitchen. The room full of smoke and beef was badly 5._ 答案：fullwas指导：be full O
34、f充满。burnt. I quickly turned off the gas, opening all the 6._ 答案：openingopened指导：turned off the gas，opened，and then went是三个并列的谓语动词。windows,and then went out of the house. In my 7._ 答案：InTo 指导：to sbs surprise让某人吃惊的是。习语。surprise,two fire engines were outside my house. I 8._ 答案：was rather worried. I tol
35、d about the firemen that it 9._答案：去掉about 指导：tell sbthat从句，告诉某人。 was my careless cooking which caused the heavy smoke.10._ 答案：whichthat 指导：强调句型中不用which句意：我告诉消防员，是我做 饭时的粗心导致浓烟滚滚。Passage 6We were driving along a narrow road while the car stopped 1. 答案：whilewhen指导：与passage 5中的第1题情况相同。working. We tried
36、to fix it and there was nothing we2._ 答案：2andbut指导：句意：我们努力想把它修好，可是我们什么也干不成。could do. Paddy and I wanted go off for help, 3. _ 答案：wantedgoto指导：want to do sth想要做某事。but Mike insisted in staying near the ear. He said it 4._ 答案：inon指导：insistondoing sth坚持要示做某事。习语。was best to stay until help arrived rather
37、 than go into5._ 答案：the forest and getting lost. However,Paddy and I did not6._ 答案：gettingget指导：get lost与go into the forest是并列关系。agree and Paddy pointed to a path which he thought it would7._ 答案：去掉it 指导：which引导定语从句，代指the path，在从句中作 would probably lead to a village的主语，所以it 是多余的。probably lead to a vil
38、lage. We followed a path but 8. _ 答案：第二athe指导：the path指的就是上文提到的可能通向某村庄的那条道。soon we lost. We walked on. After an hour or so, 9._ 答案：welostweregot指导：迷路说法有；getbelost；loseones way.we began to feel frightening. 10. _ 答案：frighteningfrightened指导：feel frightened感到害怕。frightening令人使人害怕。Passage 7 Japan is a be
39、autiful country,covering with many1._ Covering covered指导：covered with短语相当于一个非限制性定语从句：，whichiscoveredwithtiny rivers and high mountains. Japan is also a pleased2._ 答案：pleasedpleasant指导：a pleasant country一个(气候)宜人的国家。country. It is known for the land of the cherry blossom3._ 答案：foras指导：be known as作为而著名
40、；be known for因而著名，be known to sb被某(些)人所熟知。句意：日本是著名的樱花之国。Because of in the spring of year the cherry trees 4. _ 答案：去掉of指导：because。f是介词短语，其后不能接句子。are so beautiful. The Japanese like gardens very much.5._ 答案：Where are no natural gardens, the Japanese 6. _ 答案：Where后加there指导：where引导地点状语从句，从句是一个there be结构
41、的句子。句意：在没有天然花园的地方，日本人民建设了自己的花园。have made their own. Because the islands is hilly, 7._ 答案：isare 指导：主语和谓语应该保持数的一致。there is a great lack of the soil,so every little bit 8. _ 答案：去掉the指导：soil这里表示泛指，故不可有定冠词。is used. No matter how tiny may be,every home has 9._ 答案：may前加it指导:no matter how引导的从句中显然缺少主语，it 指Ja
42、panits own little garden. Japan is country worth visiting.10._ 答案：isa指导：日本是一个值得一去的国家。一、单选1.Everybody was touched _ words after they heard her moving story. A. beyond B. without C. of D. in 【解析】答案为A 。beyond words表示“在言语之外”，即不能用言语来表达，也就是“无法形容”了。句意是“听到她的感人故事之后，他们感动得无法用语言来形容”。2.Try on this red skirt; you
43、 will look great it.A. on B. by C. in D. for 【解析】答案为C。 Sth. be on sb. “衣服穿在某人身上”；sb. be in sth“某人穿着什么衣服”。由此可知答案为C。 3.How amazing it is that astronauts are exploring outer space! Its a challenge, I guess, man against nature. A. of B. for C. by D. about 【解析】答案为A。应答句中的I guess是插入语，因此所填介词与challenge连用，表所属
44、，用of，选A。4.He invited me to a dance after the show Christmas Eve. A. at B. on C. in D. by 【解析】答案为B。此处介词位于具体节日（日期）前，用on。5. The wine industry in the area has developed in a special way, _ little foreign ownership.A. by B. of C. with D. from【解析】答案为C。句意：这个地区的白酒业以一种特殊的方式在发展着，具有很少的外国所有权。with：具有，带有，表伴随。6.Ch
45、ildren need friends their own age to play with.A of B for C in D at【解析】答案为A。考查名词的双重所有格。friends of their own age意思是“跟他们自己年龄相同的朋友”，选A项符合句意。其他选项不能构成所有关系。7.It saves time in the kitchen to have things you use a lot _ easy reach. A. near B. upon C. within D. around 【解析】答案为C。句意：厨房中把常用的物品放在够得着的地方能节省时间。withi
46、n easy reach在容易达到的地方；在的附近。8.A great person is always putting others interests _ his own.A. below B. above C. in D. on【解析】答案为B。put others interests above ones own意思是把别人的利益放在自己的利益之上。9. Most Americans would prefer to keep their problems themselves, andsolve their problems _ themselves. A. to; by B. by;
47、 to C. for; to D. in; on 【解析】答案为A。句意：大多数美国人宁愿让他们面对自己的问题并自己解决他们的问题。by oneself表示“单独地，独自地”的意思。10.Jenny nearly missed the flight _ doing too much shopping. A. as a result of B. on top of C. in front of D. in need of【解析】答案为A。as a result of意为“由于的结果”。11.The art show was _ being a failure; it was a great su
48、ccess. A. far from B. along with C. next to D. regardless of【解析】答案为A。句意：艺术表演远非是失败的；它是一个巨大的成功。far from意为“远离(远远不)”；along with意为“与一道(又)，连同一起, 随同一起，沿顺着”；next to意为“次于(紧跟在之后的)”；regardless of意为“不顾，不惜”。由句意可知选A。12. This special school accepts all disabled students, _ educational level and background.A. accor
49、ding to B. regardless of C. in addition to D. in terms of【解析】答案为B。according to意为“根据”；regardless of意为“不管，不顾”；in addition to意为“另外”；in terms of意为“就而言”。句意：这所特殊学校接收所有的残疾学生，不管他们的教育水平和背景如何。13.Youd sound a lot more polite if you make a request _ a question. A. in search of B. in the form of C. in need of D.
50、 in the direction of 【解析】答案为B。以问题方式向对方提出请求显得更有礼貌。in the form of意为“以方式”符合句意。in search of意为“寻找”；in need of意为“需要”；in the direction of意为“朝方向”。 句意：如果你以问题的形式提出要求，那么会显得更有礼貌。14.His efforts to raise money for his program were _ because, no one showed any intention to take a cent out of their pockets. A. in p
51、lace B. in sight C. in effect D. in vain 【解析】答案为D。根据下文no one showed any intention to take a cent out of their pockets可知为集资做出的努力都白费了，应选择in vain。in place“和平地”，in sight“在视程内”，in effect“实际上”。 二、选择1.Would you mind not picking the flowers in the garden? They are everyones enjoyment. A. in B. at C. for D.
52、to【解析】答案为C。for enjoyment为了寻求乐趣。例如：We work in the garden for enjoyment.我们为寻求乐趣而在园子里劳作。2.It is illegal for a public official to ask people for gifts or money _favors to them.A. in preference to B . in place of C. in agreement with D. in exchange for【解析】答案为D。in preference to （优先于）； in exchange for （交换）
53、；in place of (代替)； in agreement with （同意，与一致）。句意：政府官员为某人提供便利或帮助，以换取礼物或金钱，这种行为是非法的。3. So far we have done a lot to build a low-carbon economy, but it is _ideal. We have to work still harder.A. next to B. far from C. out of D. due to【解析】答案为B。“到目前为止我们为打造低碳经济已经做了很多努力，但是这远远不够。我们还要继续努力。”题目中的“ideal”是指“完美的，
54、理想的”，“far from ideal” “离完美还很远，远远不够”，“far from” 一般加名词或者形容词，表示“离很远，或者达不到状态”。 “next to” “靠近”，意义相反。 “out of” “出于”，相当于“with”；“due to”后面一般跟名词，解释为“由于”，相当于”“because of”。4.We give dogs time, space and love we can spare, and , dogs give us their all.A. in all B. in fact C. in shortD. in return【解析】答案为D。in retu
55、rn作为回报；作为回应；回答。in all 共计 in fact实际上 in short 简而言之。句意：我们挤出时间，腾出空间，割舍我们的爱给狗，而狗以其全部回报我们。 5.Nowadays some hospitals refer to patients name, not case number.A. of B. as C. byD. with【解析】答案为C。by以的方式。句意：现在有些医院以名字来称呼病人，而不是以病号来称呼。6.My father warned me _ going to the West Coast because it was crowed with touri
56、sts.A. by B. on C. for D. against【解析】答案为D。句中谓语动词warned和介词against搭配，构成warn sb. against doing sth. 相当于warn sb. not to do sth，意思是“警告某人不要干某事”。 句意：我父亲警告我不要去西海岸，因为那里挤满了游客。7.The dictionary is what I want, but I dont have enough money me.A. by B. for C. in D. with【解析】答案为D。I dont have enough money with me 意思
57、是“我没有随身带那么多钱”。8.More and more highrise buildings have been built in big cities _space.A. in search of B. in place of C. for lack of D. for fear of 【解析】答案为C。in search of意为“寻找”；in place of意为“代替”；for lack of意为“因缺乏”；for fear of意为“生怕，以免”。句意：因为缺少空间，越来越多的高层建筑在许多大城市建了起来。9. I agree to his suggestion _the con
58、dition that he drops all charges.A. by B. in C. on D. to 【解析】答案为C。介词on 和the condition that一起相当一个连词，引导条件状语从句，意思是“条件是，以为条件”。 句意：我同意他的建议，条件是他放弃所有指控。10.Tired, Jim was fast asleep with his back a big tree.A. in B. below C. beside D. against【解析】答案为D。against此处意为“倚着，靠着”；below“在下方”；beside“在旁边”；in“在里面（时间）之后”。
59、句意：累了，吉姆背倚着一棵大树，很快就睡着了。11.I guess weve already talked about this before but Ill ask you again just _. A. by nature B. in return C. in case D.by chance【解析】答案为C。分析四个选项的意思：by nature 天生地；in return作为回报，作为交换；in case 万一，以防；by chance偶然地。句意：我想我之前已经跟你谈论过这件事，但是以防万一，我再问你一次。12.Sean has formed the habit of joggin
60、g the tree-lined avenue for two hours every day.A. between B. along C. below D. with【解析】答案为B。根据句意“Sean已经形成了每天沿着绿荫大道慢跑两小时的习惯”，表示“沿着”时，应该选B。13.This shop will be closed for repairs _further notice. A. with B. until C. for D. at【解析】答案为B。主句中be closed是延续性动词， until在肯定句中表示谓语动作延续到表示的时间为止。句意：商店将停业修缮，直到开业再作通知。
61、14.With new technology, pictures of underwater valleys can be taken_ color. A. by B. for C. with D. in【解析】答案为D。 in color有颜色即彩色的，固定搭配。句意：采用新技术，水下峡谷的照片可以拍成彩色的。15.Graduation is a good time to thank those who have helped you _ the tough years.A. through B. up C. with D. from【解析】答案为A。through the tough ye
62、ars，表示经历/度过了艰苦的岁月。句意：毕业的时候是你感谢那些曾经帮助你度过那些艰苦岁月的人们的好机会。16.When asked about their opinions about the schoolmaster, many teachers would prefer to see him step aside _ younger men.A. in terms of B. in need of C. in favor of D. in praise of【解析】答案为C。根据句中的step aside “让位”可知老师们的观点更倾向于年轻的人来担任校长这一职位。本句意思是：当被问及对
63、校长的看法时，很多老师更希望看到校长让位而支持比他更年轻的人。in terms of 就而言；in need of 需要；in favor of支持，赞成；in praise of歌颂；赞美。17.Im sorry I didnt phone you, but Ive been very busy_ the past couple of weeks.A. beyond B. with C. among D. over【解析】答案为D。通过前半句“Ive been very busy”现在完成时，可知搭配用的时间状语为“在过去的两周里”，固定搭配用介词“over the past couple
64、of weeks=in the past couple of weeks”。句意：对不起，我没给你打电话，因为在过去的两周里我一直很忙。18.Sometimes proper answers are not far to seek_ food safety problem.A. in B. to C. on D. after【解析】答案为B。本题考查名词后的介词的固定搭配。此句中主语为answers，意为“解决办法”，作此意时后跟介词to或towards，故选B项。句意：有时不容易找到解决食品安全问题的适宜的办法。19.I always wanted to do the job which I
65、d been trained _.A. onB. for C. by D. of【解析】答案为B。train做动词意为“训练”，句意是“我总是想做我一直受训的工作”。后面的定语从句说明是什么样的工作，应该是“我一直以来（完成时）为此（for）被训练（被动式）的”，介词for表目的。20.Nick, its good for you to read some books _China before you start your trip there. A. in B. for C. of D. on【解析】答案为D。on有“关于；论述”之意，故选D。句意：尼克，你在去中国旅行前要读一些有关中国的
66、书籍是有好处的。21.He was a good student and scored _ average in most subjects.A. below B. of C. on D. above【解析】答案为D。below average在平均分以下；of不与average搭配；on average平均；above average在平均分以上。根据句意可确定选项。句意：他是个好学生，大多数科目都在平均分以上。22. Shirley, a real book lover, often brings home many books to read_ the library.A. in B.
67、for C. by D. from【解析】答案为D。 in 意为“在里面”；by意为“在旁边”；for 意为“为了”；from意为“从”，符合语境。句意：雪莉，一个真正爱读书的人，总是从图书馆带很多书回家去读。23.Wed better discuss everything _before we work out the plan.A. in detail B. in general C. on purpose D. on time【解析】答案为A。 in detail意为“详细地，详尽地”；in general意为“大体上，总体上”；on purpose意为“故意地”；on time意为“准时”。根据句意。应该是“我们最好在制定计划前详细地讨论所有问题。”24._ good service, the restaurant offers different kinds of traditional Fujian dished.A. Far from B. Apart from C. Instead of D. Regardless of 【解析】答案为B。 far from意为“离远，远非”；apart from意为“除之外”；instead of意为“代替，而不是”；regardless of意为“不管，不顾”。句意：除了良好的服务以外，这家餐馆还提供不同种类的传统福建美食。