1、课时作业(一)Unit 1Women of achievementSection Warming Up & ReadingPrereading(本栏目内容，在学生用书中以独立形式分册装订！).阅读理解AWomen have been making scientific discoveries since ancient times.Twelve women have won the Nobel Prize for Science，one of the highest honors in the world.Some women scientists never married，some wor
2、ked with their husbands，and others raised large families.It has been difficult for women to be successful scientists.In the early 1800s in England，Mary Anning became one of the first women recognized for her discoveries about the ancient history of the earth.Mary and her father collected fossils (化石
3、) in their village on the south coast of Great Britain.Fossils are parts of plants or animals that have been saved in rocks for millions of years.When she was only twelve years old，Mary became the first person to find the almost complete skeletons (骨架) of several animals that no longer existed on th
4、e earth.She didnt become famous for her discoveries at that time because she often sold her fossils to get money to support her family.In 1891，a young Polish woman named Marie Sklodowska traveled to Paris to study physics.She did so because she could not get a college education in Poland.She began w
5、orking in the laboratory of a man named Pierre Curie.Marie and Pierre Curie got married and made many discoveries together.They received the Nobel Prize for Physics in 1903 along with another scientist.Marie Curie became the first person to be awarded a second Nobel Prize in 1911，this time for Chemi
6、stry.Marie Curie was one of the few women at the time who became famous as a scientist.语篇解读自古代以来女性就在科学领域做出了巨大发现，并获得了诺贝尔奖，让我们了解其中的一部分吧。1The author believes that women scientists_.Ahave more opportunities to become successfulBcan not get the highest honors in the worldCgo through difficulties to be su
7、ccessfulDhad better pay more attention to their families解析： 细节理解题。由第一段最后一句It has been difficult for women to be successful scientists可知。答案：C2Mary Anning was one of the first women to_.Awin the Nobel Prize for Science after getting marriedBmake achievements in the study of ancient earthCresearch anim
8、als and their bonesDstudy the mystery of all kinds of plants解析： 细节理解题。由第二段.for her discoveries about the ancient history of the earth可知。答案：B3What can we learn about Marie Sklodowska?AShe studied physics in Poland and got a college education.BShe received the Nobel Prize for Physics in 1903 on her ow
9、n.CShe only got one Nobel Prize during her lifetime.DShe made many discoveries after she got married.解析： 推理判断题。由最后一段Marie and Pierre Curie got married and made many discoveries together.可知。答案：D4Whats the passage mainly about?AAncient discoveries.BWomen scientists.CSuccessful marriages. DDifferent pr
10、izes.解析：主旨大意题。由主题段落第一段可知，作者主要讲述成功的女科学家的事迹，在后文中的例子也有体现。答案：BBPeople who have seen Trisha Seifried Woodall with her cats say that she has a magic touch.Most people dont know anyone who can order a cat to jump on a table，sit for two minutes，and then jump to the floor and walk backward.Ms Seifried Woodal
11、l has taught her cats to do all these tricksand many more.At her training center，Got Petential，cats learn tricks for TV and magazine ads.Some of her cats have appeared on bags of cat food.When Ms Seifried Woodall gets a cat，she first learns what that cat likes and doesnt like.“Some cats like to stay
12、 close to the ground，so Ill teach them how to stand behind me，and walk with me，”she says.“Other cats like high places，so theyll learn how to jump on my bent knee and then safely leap to my shoulder.”Ms Seifried Woodall grew up in a family with many pets，and she was first paid to work with animals wh
13、en she was 18.At a summer job at an amusement park，she learned how to train a few of the animals for performances.She continued to train and learn about animals for 20 years before starting her own animaltraining center.Ms Seifried Woodall is proud of the skills her cats have learned，but she is also
14、 proud that her centers cats are healthy and social.She believes her cats enjoy learning new tricks.In Ms Seifried Woodalls experience，no breed (品种) of cat is easier to train than others.All of her cats came from shelters.They have become pets in her home.Like most animal trainers，Ms Seifried Woodal
15、l uses a reward system.Cats that are successful during training get food or a new toy.A cat that doesnt enjoy eating or playing will probably not be interested in being trained.She never scolds (责骂) them.“Cats need a lot of encouragement when they are performing，” she says.“I say good job or thats r
16、ight several times during a single minute.”语篇解读 本文是记叙文。动物训练师Seifried Woodall创办了教授宠物学习才艺技能的训练中心Got Petential，经她训练的猫会为电视和杂志拍摄广告。5What are the cats trained by Ms Seifried Woodall mainly used to do?AWork for amusement parks.BAct in TV and magazine ads.CBecome peoples family pets.DSet a good example to o
17、ther cats.解析： 细节理解题。由第二段中的“At her training center，Got Petential，cats learn tricks for TV and magazine ads”可知，Ms Seifried Woodall所训练的猫主要是为电视和杂志拍摄广告。答案：B6What can we learn about Ms Seifried Woodall and her cattraining job?AShe usually trains cats at her home.BShe prefers training cats that are active.
18、CShe trains cats according to their characters.DShe can train any cat to be wellbehaved.解析：细节理解题。由第三段中的“she first learns what that cat likes and doesnt like”可知，Ms Seifried Woodall根据猫的不同性格来训练它们。 答案：C7. What did Ms Seifried Woodall do before becoming a cat trainer?AShe took care of pets for families.B
19、She performed at an amusement park.CShe worked in an animal shelter.DShe worked with animals for years.解析： 细节理解题。由第四段内容可知，Ms Seifried Woodall在成为一位训猫师之前，训练动物长达20多年。答案：D8. Which of the following can best describe Ms.Seifried Woodall?ABrave and strong.BPolite and friendly.CCaring and patient. DHumorous
20、 and talkative.解析：推理判断题。由倒数第二段中的“All of her cats came from shelters”可推测她富有同情心；再由最后一段中的“Cats need a lot of encouragement.during a single minute”可知，训练猫的过程中，她要很有耐心地给予它们很多鼓励。答案：CCRachel Louise Carson was born in 1907，in Springdale，a town in Western Pennsylvania.The Carson family lived on a 65acre farm a
21、t the top of a hill just above the Allegheny River.It was Rachel Carsons mother，a former schoolteacher，who instilled (逐渐灌输) in her daughter a strong interest in nature.She was also greatly influenced by Anna Botsford Comstocks Handbook of Nature Study.One of Comstocks lessons was that “natures laws
22、are not to be avoided”a truth that would have an influence on Rachel Carsons life.In addition to her interest in nature，Carson grew up with a love for reading and writing，and animals and the natural worldthe sea in particularwere favorite subjects for both.Some of her favorite authors included Beatr
23、ix Potter，Herman Melville，Robert Louis Stevenson，and another important woman of her time，Gene StrattonPorter.Carson had her first story published at the age of 10，in St.Nicholas Magazine.She continued to write throughout her teens，and graduated at the top of her high school class in 1925.Rachel Cars
24、on chose English as her major at the Pennsylvania College for Women (now Chatham University)，but the influence of biology professor Mary Scott Skinker caused her to rethink her career goals.Although career opportunities for women in the sciences were extremely rare at that time，Carson changed her ma
25、jor to biology in her junior year.It was clearly the right move.Carson graduated from college with great honor in 1929.She continued on to graduate work，studying zoology and genetics at Johns Hopkins University，and earning her masters degree in zoology in 1932.Although she had been concerned that，in
26、 her new field，she would have to give up writing，Carson discovered that her new focus actually gave her something to write about.语篇解读瑞秋卡森可以说是二十世纪对人类社会与自然环境影响最大的人物之一，本文着重介绍瑞秋卡森的成长经历。9What can we know about Rachel Carson from Paragraph 1?AShe loved her mother most.BShe loved nature very much.CShe had
27、a happy childhood.DShe read many books by Comstock.解析：推理判断题。根据第一段的内容可知，童年时，瑞秋卡森就对大自然抱有极大的热爱。答案：B10What does the underlined word “both” in Paragraph 2 refer to?AReading and writing.BAnimals and the sea.CThe natural world and the sea.DAnimals and the natural world.解析：词义指代题。根据第二段的In addition to her int
28、erest in nature，Carson grew up with a love for reading and writing，and animals and the natural worldthe sea in particularwere favorite subjects for both.可知，瑞秋卡森除了喜欢自然，还对阅读和写作感兴趣。动物和自然世界，特别是大海，是她阅读和写作最爱的主题。答案：A11When was Rachel Carsons first story published?AIn 1910. BIn 1912.CIn 1917. DIn 1925.解析：推理
29、判断题。根据第一段的Rachel Louise Carson was born in 1907.和第二段的Carson had her first story published at the age of 10，in St.Nicholas Magazine.可知，瑞秋卡森写的第一个故事是1917年刊登在St.Nicholas Magazine。答案：C12Why did Rachel Carson change her major to biology?AShe wanted to give up writing.BCareer opportunities were rare.CShe w
30、anted to study zoology and genetics.DShe was influenced by a biology professor.解析：细节理解题。根据第三段的.but the influence of biology professor Mary Scott Skinker caused her to rethink her career goals.可知，瑞秋卡森受生物教授的影响转了专业。答案：D.七选五At age 5，I had my future clearly planned：At age 18，I would become a hairdresser
31、like my moms friend Jane，who was the prettiest woman I had ever seen.I would live in a huge house and own four dogs，five cats，and a horse.However，time and three dead hamsters (仓鼠) have taught me that pets need a lot of time and care._1_ Ive also realized that I wouldn t become a good hairdresser.My
32、dreams for the future have changed greatly as I have grown older.And standing at the edge of adulthood as I now do，I look forward to a very different future from what I did when I was _2_ Please read on.A couple of years ago，my uncle Pierre was in intensive care (重症监护) for some time.I ended up spend
33、ing quite a few hours in hospital looking curiously at the machinery that was keeping my uncle alive and even more curiously at the nurses who worked so quietly yet efficiently at it.The first time I went to see my uncle，I disliked the hospital.The smell of the place was bad enough._3_ Therefore，I d
34、ecided I would never want to set foot in a hospital again._4_ As my uncle got better，I started to realize what an important job the nurses there did.I realized how great they were.I also wanted to do something that counted; I also wanted to give people a word of encouragement that would lift their s
35、pirits._5_ABut my thoughts changed later.BI know I cant always afford them.CSo I dream of becoming a nurse now.DSo whats my dream for the future now?EIm looking forward to having many pets.FMy uncle Pierre taught me something important.GMoreover，I hated watching people suffer day by day.语篇解读 本文是一篇记叙
36、文。作者小时候梦想成为一名美发师，跟一些宠物住在一间大房子里，但现在她的梦想已经改变了。1解析：此空设于段中，与上文存在逻辑上的指代关系。本句中的them指代前面提到的a lot of time and care，是指作者没时间和精力去照顾那些宠物。答案：B2解析：根据本空后的Please read on及下文的内容，可知后文都是在讲作者现在的梦想，可推测，这里是引出关于她现在的梦想的话题。答案：D3解析：此空设于段中，与上文存在逻辑上的递进关系。此处是在解释作者一开始不喜欢医院的原因。因为作者觉得医院的味道很难闻，而且作者很讨厌看到人们在医院受苦。答案：G4解析：此空设于段首，是一个过渡句。上一段讲作者很讨厌医院，而本段讲作者对护士工作的向往，故此处需要一个过渡句，即：然而，后来我的想法改变了。答案：A5解析：此空设于段尾，是对这一段讲述的内容进行总结。这一段主要讲述了作者为什么想成为一位护士，故可推出答案。答案：C