1、语法集训过关(五)非谓语动词. 单项填空1. The supermarketnext month will be the biggest one in the city. A. completedB. being completedC. to be completedD. having been completed2. (2014辽宁五校模拟)Victims, in the news, who are infected with H7N9 have come up to 28. A. is reportedB. reportedC. reportingD. which reports3. (2
2、014兰州模拟)Do you know that the meetingthis afternoon has been puttill next week? A. to be held; offB. to be held; forwardC. held; offD. held; forward4. Im afraid that I cant attend Toms wedding partynext weekend. A. to be heldB. being heldC. heldD. is to be held5. (2014湖州模拟)The tall buildingin the cen
3、ter of this area will be used as a 5-star hotel. A. to builtB. buildingC. being builtD. having built6. (2014唐山模拟)A direct air routeChongqing and San Francisco is expected to open next month. A. linkingB. being linkedC. linkD. linked7. We, a discussion with the teacher, came to understand the problem
4、 better. A. holdingB. heldC. being heldD. having held8. (2014扬州模拟)The manager listened to the customers complaints attentively with great patience, to miss any point. A. not tryingB. trying notC. to try notD. not to try9. We hurried all the way to the airport, onlythat the flight had been cancelled
5、because of the foggy weather. A. being toldB. to be toldC. having toldD. to have been told10. (2014海南模拟)that the government can lead them out of the financial crisis, people are optimistic about the future of the country. A. ConvincingB. ConvincedC. To convinceD. Having convinced11. Everyone would l
6、ike to see the plan carried out the manager thought ofthe present situation. A. solvingB. being solvedC. to solveD. to be solved12. (2014南昌模拟)Mum, why do you make me eat an egg every day? enough protein and nutrition as you are growing up. A. GetB. GettingC. To getD. To be getting13. more visitors,
7、the Beijing Garden Expo Park gives roses to the couples visiting it. A. AttractedB. AttractingC. To attractD. Having attracted14. (2014北京模拟)Some seemingly harmless blogs might become harmful whenon the Internet by millions of people. A. to readB. readingC. readD. being read15. (2014江西师大附中模拟)As the f
8、ilm star began to appear, the children watched, . A. fascinatingB. fascinatedC. being fascinatedD. having fascinated16. (2014福州模拟)to sunlight for too much time will do harm to ones skin, so you should make it a rule to get your skin creamed before going out in summer. A. ExposedB. Having exposedC. B
9、eing exposedD. To expose17. (2014昆明模拟)The broken bike was foundby the riverside. A. abandoningB. abandonedC. to be abandonedD. being abandoned18. Be careful when you cross the road in rush hours so as to avoidby a car. A. being knocked downB. knocking downC. to be knocked downD. to knock down19. A w
10、oman was seriously injured and a neighboring family narrowly escapedby an explosion that destroyed a row of homes. A. blowing upB. to be blown upC. being blown upD. blown up20. Cao Caos tomb is reportedin China, which attracts nationwide attention. A. being foundB. to be foundC. having been foundD.
11、to have been found21. (2014吉林模拟)Mary had to go to a meeting, so she left her childrenat home. A. playingB. playedC. to playD. having played22. A cook will be immediately fired if the manager found himin the kitchen. A. smokeB. smokingC. to smokeD. smoked23. Mr. Smith warned his daughterafter drinkin
12、g. A. to never driveB. never drivingC. never to driveD. never drive24. The poor boy seemsthe news that his father died in the car accident for there is no sign of sorrow on his face. A. not to be knownB. not to have receivedC. to have not receivedD. not to know25. (2014昆明模拟)Having lost his keys, . A
13、. he couldnt enter the roomB. the gatekeeper offered to helpC. the door was forced openD. the room couldnt be entered. 阅读理解As with many aspects of modern life, light pollution represents both a triumph of technology and a minor disaster. It disrupts a basic relationship that has evolved between huma
14、ns and the natural world. Historians such as A. Roger Ekrich have noted how darkness influenced cultural and social practices. The territory of intimacy and imagination, night can also carve out a refuge from the never-ending responsibilities of the day. I remember recently being in Times Square, an
15、d there was so much light that it just felt like we were in a domed stadium almost, looking up at something totally artificial above us. When most Americans are living now in cities and suburbs where theyre getting anywhere from two dozen to four dozen stars instead of 2, 500, which is the number yo
16、u could see on a normal night with no light pollution, its almost like why bother? I dont know if most people even look up and notice the stars. And certainly way back, when a night sky was something that would tell you stories about your life, were way beyond that. I have very good friends in New M
17、exico. I said to him it must be amazing here at night and I asked, do you have stories associated with the constellations for example? He said we have a whole legend filled with stories about how to live and what a good life is. Human culture in America is totally disconnected from that now. It woul
18、d be one thing if all this light were doing good. But the fact is that its having an impact on all these creatures from birds to turtles to insects that cant do anything about it. Theyre at our mercy. There are so many things we could do to control it and to use it intelligently, that I like working
19、 with an issue that there are steps we can take immediately to address this problem. 1. It is implied in Para. 1 that night is when people. A. can avoid the life pressure temporarilyB. get rid of the disaster of technologyC. experience the influence of cultureD. can imagine social practices freely2.
20、 The example of light in Times Square proves that people cant. A. see 2, 500 stars on a normal nightB. learn about their life from a night skyC. develop a relationship with nature at nightD. get anywhere without artificial light3. According to the writer, American culture. A. tells mainly about what
21、 a good life isB. is closely related to the constellationsC. lacks the stories about the night skyD. tends to tell people how to live4. What is the main idea of the passage? A. Light pollution needs dealing with right away. B. Night skies are polluted by artificial light. C. The Milky Way is never t
22、o be seen again. D. Species are endangered by light pollution. . 书面表达(2014天津六校模拟)假设你是李华。最近, 你校学生会组织开展了“构建低碳校园”活动。请你围绕“节约资源, 低碳生活”的主题, 根据以下提示, 用英语写一份倡议书。1. 日常出行时怎样减少碳排放; 2. 在餐厅就餐时怎样节约粮食; 3. 在寝室和教室如何节约水、电。注意: 1. 词数: 150个左右; 2. 倡议书的开头和结尾已给出, 不计入总词数; 3. 可适当增加细节, 以使行文连贯。Dear fellow students, Our school a
23、dvocates that we should build a low-carbon campus in order to protect the earth. _Dear fellow students, lets start right now and spare no effort to do every little thing we can from now on! Li Hua【技法导练】多学一点棋高一着阅读理解巧妙运用“查读”技巧, 快速做到有的放矢查读是指用较短的时间快速扫视文章, 查找具体信息或相关事实与细节的阅读技巧。查读有一定的目的性, 是带着问题寻找答案的阅读方法, 在
24、考试中具有很高的实用价值。运用查读时, 首先要了解需要回答何种问题。先在问题中找出两到三个关键词语, 然后到文章中迅速确定答案可能所在的位置。最后将文章中与之相匹配的部分标出, 确定正确答案。此技巧主要是针对细节理解题。如第1题, 根据题干中的关键词implied, night, when, people从文章首段快速查找与之相关的信息, 可定位于 , 然后认真阅读并最终确定答案为 。再如第2题, 首先确定关键词example, light, Times Square, cant, 迅速查找相关信息, 定位于 , 认真研读这句话并最终确定答案为 。答案解析. 1. 【解析】选C。考查非谓语动词
25、作定语。句意: 下个月完工的那个超市将是这个市里最大的超市。根据空后的next month可知, 还未完工, 用不定式的被动形式。A表示被动, 完成; B表示正在进行的被动动作; D表示在主句谓语动作之前已经完成的被动动作。故C正确。【加固训练】The supermarketlast month is the biggest one in the city. A. completedB. being completedC. to be completedD. having been completed【解析】选A。考查非谓语动词作定语。句意: 上个月完工的那个超市是这个市里最大的超市。根据时间
26、状语last month可知, 动作已经完成。故A正确。2. 【解析】选B。考查非谓语动词作定语。句意: 新闻报道上说, 感染了H7N9的受害者人数已达到28人。分析句子结构, 句子的主句是: Victims have come up to 28. Victims后带两个定语, 一个是定语从句: who are infected with H7N9, 一个是非谓语动词作定语, victims与report之间是被动关系, 要用过去分词, 故选B。当然也可用定语从句: who are reported in the news, A项没有引导词, 且主谓不一致, D项要用被动语态。3. 【解析】选
27、A。考查不定式的被动式作定语和动词短语辨析。句意: 你知道原定于今天下午要举行的会议已经被推迟到下周了吗? 第一空是定语, 因为是下午将要被举行, 用不定式的被动式作定语, 过去分词作定语只表示动作的完成和被动, 排除C、D两项; 第二空put off“推迟”, put forward“提出”, 所以选A。4. 【解析】选A。考查非谓语动词作定语。句子中已经有了谓语cant attend, 故此处应填非谓语动词, 首先排除D。hold与party构成被动关系, 但A、B、C答案均表被动。因此再根据时间状语next weekend可确定填不定式表将来, 故选A。【拓展延伸】非谓语动词作定语解题原
28、则做非谓语动词作定语的题目时, 有些同学会无从下手, 其实掌握下面的原则就容易了。一要注意看与所修饰名词之间的关系, 判断是主动还是被动。二要注意从时间上判定, 不定式作定语表将来, 现在分词表进行, 过去分词表完成。5. 【解析】选C。考查非谓语动词作定语。句意: 在这个地区中心正在被建的高楼将被用作五星级旅馆。will be used是谓语动词, 整个句子没有连词, 所以空格处应该是非谓语动词, The tall building与build之间是被动关系, 排除A、B、D; 根据句意选C。6. 【解析】选A。考查非谓语动词作定语。句意: 连接重庆和旧金山的直飞航线有望下个月开通。此处主语
29、a direct air route和link之间是主动关系, 故用现在分词作定语。根据句意选A。7. 【解析】选D。考查非谓语动词作状语。句意: 跟老师讨论之后, 我们终于对这个问题有了更好的理解。非谓语动词与句子主语之间存在逻辑上的主动关系, 故排除选项B、C。显然“讨论”与“明白”在时间上有先后, 所以要用现在分词的完成式。8. 【解析】选B。考查现在分词作伴随状语。句意: 经理很耐心地专心听顾客的投诉, 尽量不错过任何一点。这里是非谓语动词作伴随状语, manager和try之间是主动关系, 用现在分词作伴随状语, 从句意看是try not to do尽量不做什么, 用不定式的否定式。
30、故选B。【加固训练】The manager listened to the customers complaints attentively with great patience andto miss any point. A. tried notB. trying notC. to try notD. not to try【解析】选A。考查并列谓语。句意: 经理很耐心地专心听了顾客的投诉, 尽量不错过任何一点。根据关键词and可知, 这里需要的是并列谓语, 而不是非谓语动词。9. 【解析】选B。考查非谓语动词作结果状语。句意: 一路上我们匆匆忙忙赶到机场, 结果被告知航班因为雾天而取消。“
31、only+动词不定式”表示出乎意料的结果。动词不定式的逻辑主语就是句子的主语, 它们之间存在逻辑上的被动关系, 故用动词不定式的被动式。从动作“hurry”和“tell”发生的时间上看没有明显的先后顺序, 故排除D项。10. 【解析】选B。考查非谓语动词作状语。句意: 确信政府会带领他们走出经济危机, 人们对国家的未来很乐观。convince使确信, 该句中意思为“使人们相信”, 与people之间是被动关系, 故应选B项convinced。11. 【解析】选C。考查非谓语动词作状语。句意: 每个人都想看见那个经理想出的解决目前的形势的计划执行。the manager thought of作定
32、语, 修饰先行词plan, to solve为动词不定式作目的状语。故选C。12. 【解析】选C。考查不定式作目的状语。句意: 妈妈, 你为什么每天让我吃一个鸡蛋啊? 为了让你在成长的时候获得足够的营养和蛋白质。根据句意可知本句中的不定式是作目的状语的。故C正确。【拓展延伸】不定式作目的状语, 通常可以使用in order to do sth. ; so as to do sth. ; 或者to do sth. ; 要特别注意so as to do sth. 不能放在句首。13. 【解析】选C。考查不定式作目的状语。句意: 为了吸引更多的游客, 北京花卉博览会公园给来访的夫妇提供玫瑰。空处是作
33、目的状语, 故用动词不定式, 选C。14.【解析】选C。考查非谓语动词作状语。句意: 有些看起来本没有危害的博客在网上被数百万人看后就可能变得有害了。blogs和选项动词read之间是被动关系, 所以排除A和B选项。D选项表示“正在被”或“一直被”, 不符合题意。故选C。15. 【解析】选B。考查非谓语动词作状语。句意: 当那个影星开始出现的时候, 孩子们入神地看着。fascinated着迷的, 是形容词, 在句中作状语, 表示伴随; fascinating迷人的, 有极大吸引力的, 修饰物, 不可修饰人。16.【解析】选C。考查非谓语动词作主语。句意: 过长时间暴露于阳光下会对人的皮肤造成损
34、伤, 因此, 你应该养成夏天外出前涂上防晒霜的习惯。根据will do harm to是主句谓语确定空处应该是句子主语。A项不能作句子主语, 排除; 根据句意应是被暴露于阳光下, 应是被动, B和D是主动, 也排除。故C正确。17. 【解析】选B。考查非谓语动词作主语补足语。句意: 那辆坏了的自行车被发现抛弃在了河边。自行车与抛弃之间为被动关系, 故选B。而C为将来抛弃, D选项为正在被抛弃, 均不符合题意。18. 【解析】选A。考查非谓语动词作宾语。句意: 在上下班高峰期过马路时你要小心, 以免被车撞了。avoid后只接doing, 且knock down与其逻辑主语you之间是被动关系,
35、要用being knocked down, 故选A。19.【解析】选C。考查非谓语动词作宾语。escape表示“避开, 避免(不愉快或危险的事物)”时, 后面接名词或v. -ing形式。a neighboring family是blow up的动作承受者, 故答案为C。20. 【解析】选D。考查非谓语动词作宾语。句意: 据说曹操墓已经在中国被发现, 这引起了全国性的关注。be reported to have been done结构, 强调已经发生, 故选D。21. 【解析】选A。考查非谓语动词作宾语补足语。句意: 玛丽有个会必须要参加, 所以她把孩子们留在家里自己玩。解题关键: leave
36、sb. doing sth. 使某人做某事(强调处于某种状态), 现在分词作宾语补足语。故选A。22. 【解析】选B。考查非谓语动词作宾语补足语。句意: 如果经理发现厨师在厨房里抽烟, 会立即开除他。“find”后接现在分词作宾语补足语。此句中“smoking”是宾语“him”的补足语。表示主动的正在发生的事, 故选B。23. 【解析】选C。考查非谓语动词作宾语补足语。句意: 史密斯先生警告他的女儿千万别酒后开车。本句中考查了warn的用法, 后面常跟不定式结构, 否定用not或者never to do, 故选C。24. 【解析】选B。考查非谓语动词作表语。句意: 那个可怜的男孩似乎不知道他父
37、亲在车祸中去世的消息, 因为在他的脸上看不见悲伤的表情。seem后面接不定式作宾语, seem to do似乎要做; seem to be doing似乎正在做; seem to have done似乎已经做; 否定词not放在to前面, 根据句意选B。25. 【解析】选A。考查句子结构。句意: 丢了钥匙后, 他不能进入房间。逗号前面是现在分词的完成式作状语, 说明句子的主语应该是lost his keys的逻辑主语, 应该是he。故选A。【拓展延伸】非谓语动词作状语的做题原则用非谓语动词作状语, 说明主从句的主语一致, 做题时可以在四个选项中找非谓语动词的逻辑主语, 往往逻辑主语对了, 答案
38、就自然出现了。. 【文章大意】本文主要讨论了光污染对于人类社会、文化和动物等的影响, 同时也介绍了作者对于光污染问题的认识等情况。1. 【解析】选A。细节理解题。根据第一段的最后一句话The territory of intimacy and imagination, night can also carve out a refuge from the never-ending responsibilities of the day可知, 夜晚是一个能够暂时摆脱一天无穷无尽责任的避难所, 因此选A。2. 【解析】选B。细节理解题。根据第二段的最后一句话And certainly way bac
39、k, when a night sky was something that would tell you stories about your life, were way beyond that. 可知, 原先夜晚是一个可以告诉你关于生活故事的时候, 但是现在我们已经不能这样做了, 故选B。3. 【解析】选C。细节理解题。根据第三段的He said we have a whole legend filled with stories about how to live and what a good life is. Human culture in America is totally
40、disconnected from that now. 可知美国的人类文化中已经缺乏对于夜空描写的故事了, 因此选C。4. 【解析】选A。主旨大意题。本文主要讨论了如今的夜空已经被污染了, 造成了人们无法欣赏到星星, 且对人们以及动物等产生不利影响, 因此A符合主旨。. 【参考范文】Dear fellow students, Our school advocates that we should build a low-carbon campus in order to protect the earth. I think it is everyones duty to work hard t
41、o achieve this goal. Here is what I think we should do: Firstly, we should walk or ride bikes instead of driving cars or school buses to reduce the amount of pollution. Secondly, when we eat the food in the school canteen, we should eat up what we buy and not waste the food. Thirdly, it is important
42、 for us to save electricity and water. We should not leave the lights on in the daytime or leave water running after washing. Instead, we should turn off lights before we leave the classrooms and dormitories. In a word, if we can make small changes in our way of life, we can make a big difference to the earth! Dear fellow students, lets start right now and spare no effort to do every little thing we can from now on! Li Hua【技法导练】第一段最后一句话； A；第二段最后一句话； B