1、Module 4Great Scientists(建议用时40分钟).阅读理解(2018河南实验中学期中考试)Why do some people flush when they drink alcohol(酒)？This effect is a common reaction to alcohol among East Asians.It affects about 36 percent of Japanese，Chinese and Koreans.For many，even a small amount of alcohol can cause unpleasant effects.Mo
2、st commonly，their face，neck and sometimes their whole body turn red.People might also feel uncomfortable and sick to their stomach.They might experience a burning sensation，increased heart rate，shortness of breath and headaches.The cause is a genetic difference that they are born with called an ALDH
3、2 deficiency(缺乏)It prevents their bodies from treating alcohol the way other people do.But the effects might be more serious than just a red face.Researchers warn of a link between this condition and an increased risk of cancer of the esophagus(食道)from drinking alcohol.The more alcohol people with t
4、his deficiency drink，the greater their risk is.In Japan and South Korea，for example，many people have the deficiency but still drink heavily.Researchers found that these drinkers develop a form of esophageal cancer six to ten times more often than those without the deficiency.Esophageal cancer is one
5、 of the deadliest cancers.It can be treated when found early，but once it grows the chances of survival drop sharply.The researchers estimate that at least five hundred forty million people have the deficiency，about eight percent of the worlds population.Philip Brooks is a researcher at the National
6、Institute in the United States.He says it is important to educate people about the link between the alcohol flushing effect and esophageal cancer.He says doctors should ask East Asian patients about their experiences with facial flushing after drinking alcohol.Those with a history of it should be ad
7、vised to limit their alcohol use.They should also be warned that cigarette smoking works with the alcohol in a way that further increases the risk of esophageal cancer.语篇解读一些人喝酒后容易脸红，科研人员指出，这是因为体内缺少ALDH2，如果这些人饮酒过量，会增加患食道癌的风险。1The underlined word“flush”in Paragraph 1 probably means“_”Awalk unsteadily
8、Bappear unpleasantCturn red in the faceDtalk more than usual解析：选C词义猜测题。根据第二段Most commonly，their face，neck and sometimes their whole body turn red.可推断，flush意为“脸红”，故答案为C项。2The second paragraph is mainly about_.Athe cause of the effects of alcoholBunpleasant effects caused by alcoholCthe advantages of
9、drinking alcoholDAsians and alcohol解析：选B主旨大意题。第二段主要介绍了一些人喝酒后的不良反应，如脸红、胃不舒服、头痛等，故答案为B项。3We can infer from the passage that_.Athe ALDH2 deficiency may be passed on from generation to generationBabout 36 percent of Japanese，Chinese and Koreans are heavy drinkersCunpleasant effects occur only when peopl
10、e with this deficiency drink a lotDonly some East Asians have the ALDH2 deficiency解析：选A推理判断题。根据第三段The cause is a genetic difference that they are born with called an ALDH2 deficiency.可推断，答案为A项。4Esophageal cancer is one of the deadliest cancers because_.Ait cant be treated at allBit is hard to be dis
11、covered earlyCpeople are usually addicted to alcoholDit is hard to cure once it has developed解析：选D细节理解题。根据第五段.but once it grows the chances of survival drop sharply可知，答案为D项。.完形填空(2018开封阶段性测试)It was 11：30 in the evening.A_1_American lady of about seventy was standing on the side of an Alabama_2_tryin
12、g to bear a pouring rainstorm.Her car had_3_and at the moment she_4_needed a ride.Wet to the skin，she decided to flag down the next_5_.A young white man stopped to help hergenerally unheard_6_in those conflictfilled(矛盾冲突)1960s.The man_7_her to safety in his car，and_8_taxicab(a kind of car)for her.Sh
13、e seemed to be in a great_9_.She wrote down his_10_，thanked him and drove away.Several days went by and a_11_came on the mans door.To his_12_，a very big color TV was delivered to his home.A special note was_13_to it.It read，“Dear sir，thank you so much for assisting a(n)_14_colored woman on the freew
14、ay_15_night.The rain_16_wet all over not only my clothes_17_my spirits.Then you_18_along.Because of you，I was_19_to make it to my dying husbands bedside just_20_he passed away.God bless you for helping me and kindly serving others.Sincerely，Mrs Nat King Cole.”语篇解读主要叙述美国的一个白人青年帮助一个黑人老太太的故事。1A.blackBw
15、hiteCpoorDsick解析：选A60年代矛盾冲突(指白人对黑人的种族歧视)，下文提到了一个白人青年帮她，因此可判断老太太是“黑人”。2A.railwayBfreewayCstreetDavenue解析：选B从第15空前的freeway一词可知答案为B。3A.broken upBspeeded upCbroken downDslowed down解析：选C从下文she decided to flag down the next car可知，她的车“抛锚”了。4A.seriouslyBbadlyCfairlyDprobably解析：选B因为车抛锚了，而她还要赶到病危的丈夫那里去，所以她“非常
16、”需要搭车，只有badly符合此意。5A.busBtruckCtaxiDcar解析：选Dflag down“挥手示意停车”，而且又在高速路上，所以只能是car。6A.fromBbyCbeforeDof解析：选D一个白人青年停下来帮助她这在60年代种族矛盾激烈的美国从未听说过。hear of是“听说”的意思。7A.putBledCfetchedDtook解析：选D“take sb to地点”意为“把某人带到某地”是固定短语。8A.hiredBtookCsentDasked解析：选A因为是出租车，所以要“租赁”。9A.needBhelpChurryDtrouble解析：选C从下文看，她是去看她快要
17、死了的丈夫，所以很“匆忙”。10A.addressBnumberCnameDwords解析：选A从下文可知，老太太为了感谢那位白人青年，买了一台电视机给他送去，所以记下的是“地址”，而不是电话号码。11A.ladyBsalesmanCletterDknock解析：选D由下文的on the mans door可判断出是knock。a knock on the door“敲门声”。12A.surpriseBdelightCjoyDsatisfaction解析：选A因为他没有买电视机，看到一个售货员送来一台电视机，所以感到“惊奇”。13A.offeredBgivenCstuckDwritten解析：
18、选C因为是纸条，所以判断是“贴”在电视机上。14A.agedBdarkCluckyDunhappy解析：选A根据第一空已经知道是一位黑人妇女，且由下文可知，她70岁了。该句中已出现color一词，则另一修饰该妇女的词只能是aged。15A.anotherBthe otherCotherDany解析：选B从上下文的时间判断，是“几天前的一个夜晚”。16A.letBmadeChadDturned解析：选B后面是形容词wet，表示大雨使浑身都湿了用动词make。17A.andBbutCorDotherwise解析：选Bnot only.but(also)是固定搭配，意为“不但而且”。18A.gotB
19、wentCranDcame解析：选D从上文可知，老太太的车子抛锚时，那个白人青年及时地出现在她跟前，并给予了帮助。19A.ableBreadyClikelyDwilling解析：选A从下文可知，此处表示“能”使她及时赶到她快要死了的丈夫跟前。be able to do sth.表示通过努力才能实现的事，其余选项不符合句意。20A.afterBbeforeCuntilDsince解析：选B因为老太太得到了青年的帮助，才使她在她丈夫死之前赶到。.语法填空In 1._(I)opinion，languages cannot be taught，they can only be learned.Havi
20、ng someone or something to aid with the process is 2._great benefit.Find a guide，not an instructor.English was already a world language by the time I turned 10 in 1991.I thought it was 3._(difficulty)for me to study English well.I 4._(struggle)at first.I didnt like the teacher.Grammar explanations c
21、onfused me，and the material was 5._(real)dull.I thought Id never learn it.Then my parents decided to hire a private English tutor 6._was wonderful and thoughtful.She didnt simply instruct me in the language，but helped me 7._(discovery)it.She set me on the right path to learning，and most importantly，
22、learning to love language.I started reading many 8._(book)in English.My aunt bought me The Hardy Boys for my birthday and after that there was no looking back.The combination of reading books,9._(watch)movies every day and talking to my tutor once a week for two years worked wonders.By the age of 15
23、 I was fluent in English 10._in possession of a thick American accent.语篇解读本文主要讲述了作者对学习英语的感受。1解析：my考查代词。句意为：我认为语言不能是用来教的，它们只能是用来学的。in ones opinion意为“某人认为”。根据上下文语境可知应填my。2解析：of考查介词。of great benefit相当于very beneficial，在此做表语，故填of。3解析：difficult考查形容词。It is/was difficult for sb.to do sth.意为“对某人来说做某事是困难的”，故填
24、difficult。4解析：struggled考查动词。句意为：最初我努力(学习)。根据at first可知应用过去时，故填struggled。5解析：really考查副词。修饰形容词应用副词，故填really。6解析：who/that考查定语从句。定语从句的先行词是tutor，故填that/who。7解析：(to)discover考查非谓语动词。help后常常接动词不定式或动词原形做宾语补足语，故填(to)discover。8解析：books考查名词。many用来修饰名词的复数形式，故填books。9解析：watching考查非谓语动词。根据and前后两部分应该保持一致，故watch的形式应
25、与talking保持一致，故填watching。10解析：and考查连词。空格前后两部分之间是并列关系，故填and。.短文改错Ive learnt from the notice that youre looking for an English editor for us school paper.Im written this letter to apply for the position.Im Li Hua，Senior Three student in our school.In my view，I met your requirements：for one thing，Im wil
26、ling to devote some of my spare time to serve others；for another，Im good at both English or Fine Arts.Im either skilled in using computers.I would be glad if you could offer to me an opportunity for an interview.Im looking forward to your kindly reply at your earliest convenient.答案：Ive learnt from t
27、he notice that youre looking for an English editor for school paper.Im this letter to apply for the position.Im Li Hua， Senior Three student in our school.In my view，I your requirements：for one thing，Im willing to devote some of my spare time to others；for another，Im good at both English Fine Arts.Im skilled in using computers.I would be glad if you could offer to me an opportunity for an interview.Im looking forward to your reply at your earliest .