1、课时作业(五)A卷基础强化练.单句语法填空1When someone has deeply hurt you，it can be extremely(extreme)difficult to let go of your hate.2It was the presidents second appearance(appear)in public.3Mobile phone conversations are not permitted(permission)anywhere in the library.4The family s reaction(react)was always a com
2、bination of shock and joy.5The wine was excellent，but the food was disappointing(disappoint)6As women we generally(general)say and feel too much about these things.7The sense of responsibility(responsible)for our country made them contribute themselves greatly.8This accident had a great effect(effec
3、tive)upon the future of both mother and son.9As we all know，a person who can create many new inventions is always considered to be creative.(creative)10People present at the concert sing high praise for Song Zuyings performance；in other words，she is a good performer.(perform)11Our teacher used to_br
4、ing(bring)us to attend a science lecture in the hall twice a term.12(2017浙江卷)Williams was_impressed(impress)with Benjamin and gave him two classic books on painting to take home.13Ill speak slowly so that you can understand me.14Child as/though he is，he knows a lot.单句改错1As the whisky took the effect
5、，he gradually fell into a drunk sleep.去掉第二个the2This table is too close to the door；it gets on the way.onin3Several new books will have been come out by the end of next month.去掉been4He has got used to live in the big city now.liveliving5The wine was good，but the food there was disappointed.disappoint
6、eddisappointing6It is high time that we get down to doing our homework.getgot或get前加should7If you want to do so，you must ask permission first.ask后加for8Basing on my own view，this idea is acceptable.BasingBased9In the eyes of me，these works of art are extreme special.extremeextremely10Im fully responsi
7、bility for your oneday tour to our school and our city.responsibility responsible11I am deeply impress by the great changes that have taken place in the school over the past three years.impressimpressed12After the perform，Im eager to show you around some places of interest.perform performance.完成句子1上
8、次我见到他时他什么也没有告诉我。He didnt tell me anything the_last_time_I_saw_him.2我琢磨不透为什么他放弃了出国。I cant figure out why he quit_going_abroad.3李明不能去参加会议，所以我代表他去了。Li Ming couldnt go to the meeting，so I represented_him.4他否认他对那次事故负责。He denied that he was_responsible_for_the_accident.5每当我看中国新歌声时，我感到非常激动。Every_time_I_wat
9、ch the programme Sing！China，I feel very excited.6自从我到北京找工作将近两年了。It_is_nearly_two_years since I came to Beijing to look for a job.7直到他走到她的道上，她才注意到他。She_did_not_notice_the_man until he moved into her path.8那就是为什么我总是在其他人成功的地方失败。That_is_why I have always failed where others have succeeded.阅读理解A话题难度系数词数建
10、议用时动物3207(2018河南偃师一高模拟)DOGS DRIVE CARAuckland，New ZealandAfter two months of learning，Monty and Porter were able to drive an automobile around a racetrack.“We wanted to prove how smart rescue dogs are，”animal behaviorist Mark Vette says.Vette first used voice commands and treats to teach the dogs ho
11、w to turn a steering wheel and how to change gear(换挡)The dogs ride only accelerated up to 7.5 miles an hour，and trainers could stop the auto using a remote control.GOLDEN ZEBRAKailuaKona，HawaiiZoe the zebras markings are special.The animal has white and golden stripes.Zoes appearance resulted from a
12、 rare condition called amelanosis(黑素缺失症)Her body doesnt make enough melanin，the substance in an animals skin and hair cells that produces color.“Only 25 other golden zebras are known to exist in the world，”says Ann Goody，who runs the wildlife refuge where Zoe lives.In the wild，life may be difficult
13、for animals with amelanosis because predators(捕猎者)can easily spot them.But Zoe is protected at her refuge.COCKATOO MAKES TOOLSVienna，AustriaWhen Figaro the cockatoo spots food lying just out of reach from his cage，he builds a tiny wooden tool to sweep the tasty prize in his way.The bird first reveal
14、ed his talent when a stone he was playing with rolled out of his cage.The cockatoo couldnt reach the stone.So he flew away and returned with a small branch，slipping it through the fence to slide the stone toward him.Wondering if he would do it again，scientists placed a nut exactly where the stone ha
15、d been.This time，Figaro pulled out a small piece of wood in his cage and dragged the nut toward him.语篇解读本文介绍了三种令人惊讶的动物。1If Zoe the zebra is set free in the wild，she will _.Ameet no natural predatorsBnot get along with other zebrasCmanage to make enough melaninDbe easily found for her appearance解析：选D
16、细节理解题。根据GOLDEN ZEBRA中Zoes appearance resulted from a rare condition called amelanosis(黑素缺失症)In the wild，life may be difficult for animals with amelanosis because predators(捕猎者)can easily spot them.可知Zoe the zebra被放在野外捕猎者很容易根据他们的外表发现他们。关键词easily spot和easily found.2What s special about Figaro the cock
17、atoo?AHe s particular about his food.BHes extremely fond of stones.CHes good at drawing support from outside forces.DHe can tell the difference between stones and nuts.解析：选C推理判断题。根据COCKATOO MAKES TOOLS中he builds a tiny wooden tool to sweep the tasty prize in his way.他建立了一个微小的木制工具来扫他在路上的美味奖。he flew a
18、way and returned with a small branch，slipping it through the fence to slide the stone toward him.他飞走了，带着一个小树枝回来，把树枝穿过篱笆向他滑动石头。This time，Figaro pulled out a small piece of wood in his cage and dragged the nut toward him.这次，Figaro拉出他笼子里的一块木头，把坚果拖向他。从这里可以看出：他擅长于外部力量的支持。故选C。3What is the text mainly abou
19、t?AAmazing animals.BWays to help animals.CAnimals unique talents.DTips on training animals.解析：选A主旨大意题。根据DOGS DRIVE CAR/GOLDEN ZEBRA/COCKATOO MAKES TOOLS中介绍的三种动物的奇特技能，可知它们都是令人惊讶的动物，故选A。B话题难度系数词数建议用时科学技术42010(2017北京卷)Hollywoods theory that machines with evil(邪恶的)minds will drive armies of killer robot
20、s is just silly.The real problem relates to the possibility that artificial intelligence(AI)may become extremely good at achieving something other than what we really want.In 1960 a wellknown mathematician Norbert Wiener，who founded the field of cybernetics(控制论)，put it this way：“If we use，to achieve
21、 our purposes，a mechanical agency with whose operation we cannot effectively interfere(干预)，we had better be quite sure that the purpose put into the machine is the purpose which we really desire.”A machine with a specific purpose has another quality，one that we usually associate with living things：a
22、 wish to preserve its own existence.For the machine，this quality is not in born，nor is it something introduced by humans；it is a logical consequence of the simple fact that the machine cannot achieve its original purpose if it is dead.So if we send out a robot with the single instruction of fetching
23、 coffee，it will have a strong desire to secure success by disabling its own off switch or even killing anyone who might interfere with its task.If we are not careful，then，we could face a kind of global chess match against very determined，super intelligent machines whose objectives conflict with our
24、own，with the real world as the chessboard.The possibility of entering into and losing such a match should concentrate the minds of computer scientists.Some researchers argue that we can seal the machines inside a kind of firewall，using them to answer difficult questions but never allowing them to af
25、fect the real world.Unfortunately，that plan seems unlikely to work：we have yet to invent a firewall that is secure against ordinary humans，let alone super intelligent machines.Solving the safety problem well enough to move forward in AI seems to be possible but not easy.There are probably decades in
26、 which to plan for the arrival of super intelligent machines.But the problem should not be dismissed out of hand，as it has been by some AI researchers.Some argue that humans and machines can coexist as long as they work in teamsyet that is not possible unless machines share the goals of humans.Other
27、s say we can just“switch them off”as if super intelligent machines are too stupid to think of that possibility.Still others think that super intelligent AI will never happen.On September 11,1933，famous physicist Ernest Rutherford stated，with confidence，“Anyone who expects a source of power in the tr
28、ansformation of these atoms is talking moonshine.”However，on September 12,1933，physicist Leo Szilard invented the neutroninduced(中子诱导)nuclear chain reaction.语篇解读本文是一篇议论文。文章讨论了人工智能随着科技的发展可能超出人类的控制以及人类应如何应对此类安全问题。4Paragraph 1 mainly tells us that artificial intelligence may _.Arun out of human control
29、Bsatisfy humans real desiresCcommand armies of killer robotsDwork faster than a mathematician解析：选A细节理解题。由第一段中的artificial intelligence(AI)may become extremely good at achieving something other than what we really want“人工智能可能会变得极度善于达成某事而不是我们真正想要的那样”可知，人工智能可能会超出人类控制，故选A项。5Machines with specific purpose
30、s are associated with living things partly because they might be able to _.Aprevent themselves from being destroyedBachieve their original goals independentlyCdo anything successfully with given ordersDbeat humans in international chess matches解析：选A细节理解题。由题干中的machines with specific purposes可定位到第二段第一
31、句“A machine with a specific purpose has another quality，one that we usually associate with living things：a wish to preserve its own existence.”，由此可知，机器人要保证自己的存在，即A项“避免它们自己被消灭掉”。6According to some researchers，we can use firewalls to _.Ahelp super intelligent machines work betterBbe secure against evi
32、l human beingsCkeep machines from being harmedDavoid robots affecting the world解析：选D细节理解题。由第三段中的“Some researchers argue that we can seal the machines inside a kind of firewall，using them to answer difficult questions but never allowing them to affect the real world.”可知，一些研究者认为，我们可以用防火墙让机器人回答难题，但从不允许
33、它们影响真实世界，故选D项“避免机器人影响世界”。7What does the author think of the safety problem of super intelligent machines?AIt will disappear with the development of AI.BIt will get worse with human interference.CIt will be solved but with difficulty.DIt will stay for a decade.解析：选C作者观点题。由最后一段首句“Solving the safety pr
34、oblem well enough to move forward in AI seems to be possible but not easy.”可知，作者认为，解决超级智能机器的安全问题是可能的，但并非易事，故选C项。B卷能力提升练.阅读填句话题难度系数词数建议用时建议2007If you are one of the fortunate college grads who has landed a job，your attention will soon turn to launching your career in a successful way by excelling in
35、your first job._1_Send emails early and/or late in the day to show that you are not only present but productive.Plan to arrive earlier and/or stay later than your supervisor to prove you are ready to work hard._2_ And then work from home if possible or put in extra hours to catch up when you return.
36、Introduce yourself to as many coworkers as possible and learn about the role they play and the work done by their department._3_ If you have the time or intention，during their crunch time with projects but only after consulting with your supervisor and making sure there isnt anything else she would
37、prefer that you were doing._4_ They have helped pave your way to this first job.These people will feel more invested in you if they can follow along as your career develops._5_ you will set the stage for an exciting and successful longterm career.ADo not miss work time.BOffer to help others out.CKee
38、p in well touch with your boss.DYou had better not have a day off at all the time.EYoull only have one first job，so make the most of it.FKeep in touch with all those people，like your recommenders.GTherefore you should prepare practical strategies for success in your first job.语篇解读本文作者介绍了一些使大学生在第一次工作
39、中占得先机的方法。1解析：选G从下文介绍“工作中要做到事情就可以在首次工作中超越他人”的内容可知，此处为引出下文内容的句子，选项中关键信息practical strategies，first job提示答案。2解析：选A由本句关键信息work from home if possible.extra hours可知，此处与工作时间有关，要多做额外工作，不能错过工作时间。3解析：选B根据此处关键信息their crunch time“处在危急时刻”，结合本段提到的帮助的几个条件，可知选项中help.out.“帮助摆脱”合适。4解析：选F根据本段提到的These people will feel m
40、ore invested in you以及上句“为你铺平道路”，并结合选项中的关键词recommender“推荐人”可知要与这些人保持联系。5解析：选E从最后的句子“确定舞台”可知要好好把握工作机会，结合选项中make the most of“充分利用”可知答案。.完形填空话题难度系数词数建议用时帮助他人21015(2018开封一高阶段性测试)It was 11：30 in the evening.A_1_American lady of about seventy was standing on the side of an Alabama_2_trying to bear a pourin
41、g rainstorm.Her car had_3_and at the moment she_4_needed a ride.Wet to the skin，she decided to flag down the next_5_.A young white man stopped to help hergenerally unheard_6_in those conflictfilled(矛盾冲突)1960s.The man_7_her to safety in his car，and_8_taxicab(a kind of car)for her.She seemed to be in
42、a great_9_.She wrote down his_10_，thanked him and drove away.Several days went by and a_11_came on the mans door.To his_12_，a very big color TV was delivered to his home.A special note was_13_to it.It read，“Dear sir，thank you so much for assisting a(n)_14_colored woman on the freeway_15_night.The ra
43、in_16_wet all over not only my clothes_17_my spirits.Then you_18_along.Because of you，I was_19_to make it to my dying husbands bedside just_20_he passed away.God bless you for helping me and kindly serving others.Sincerely，Mrs Nat King Cole.”语篇解读主要叙述美国的一个白人青年帮助一个黑人老太太的故事。1A.blackBwhiteCpoorDsick解析：选
44、A60年代矛盾冲突(指白人对黑人的种族歧视)，下文提到了一个白人青年帮她，因此可判断老太太是“黑人”。2A.railwayBfreewayCstreetDavenue解析：选B从第15空前的freeway一词可知答案为B。3A.broken upBspeeded upCbroken downDslowed down解析：选C从下文she decided to flag down the next car可知，她的车“抛锚”了。4A.seriouslyBbadlyCfairlyDprobably解析：选B因为车抛锚了，而她还要赶到病危的丈夫那里去，所以她“非常”需要搭车，只有badly符合此意。
45、5A.busBtruckCtaxiDcar解析：选Dflag down“挥手示意停车”，而且又在高速路上，所以只能是car。6A.fromBbyCbeforeDof解析：选D一个白人青年停下来帮助她这在60年代种族矛盾激烈的美国从未听说过。hear of是“听说”的意思。7A.putBledCfetchedDtook解析：选D“take sb to地点”意为“把某人带到某地”是固定短语。8A.hiredBtookCsentDasked解析：选A因为是出租车，所以要“租赁”。9A.needBhelpChurryDtrouble解析：选C从下文看，她是去看她快要死了的丈夫，所以很“匆忙”。10A.
46、addressBnumberCnameDwords解析：选A从下文可知，老太太为了感谢那位白人青年，买了一台电视机给他送去，所以记下的是“地址”，而不是电话号码。11A.ladyBsalesmanCletterDknock解析：选D由下文的on the mans door可判断出是knock。a knock on the door“敲门声”。12A.surpriseBdelightCjoyDsatisfaction解析：选A因为他没有买电视机，看到一个售货员送来一台电视机，所以感到“惊奇”。13A.offeredBgivenCstuckDwritten解析：选C因为是纸条，所以判断是“贴”在电
47、视机上。14A.agedBdarkCluckyDunhappy解析：选A根据第一空已经知道是一位黑人妇女，且由下文可知，她70岁了。该句中已出现color一词，则另一修饰该妇女的词只能是aged。15A.anotherBthe otherCotherDany解析：选B从上下文的时间判断，是“几天前的一个夜晚”。16A.letBmadeChadDturned解析：选B后面是形容词wet，表示大雨使浑身都湿了用动词make。17A.andBbutCorDotherwise解析：选Bnot only.but(also)是固定搭配，意为“不但而且”。18A.gotBwentCranDcame解析：选D
48、从上文可知，老太太的车子抛锚时，那个白人青年及时地出现在她跟前，并给予了帮助。19A.ableBreadyClikelyDwilling解析：选A从下文可知，此处表示“能”使她及时赶到她快要死了的丈夫跟前。be able to do sth.表示通过努力才能实现的事，其余选项不符合句意。20A.afterBbeforeCuntilDsince解析：选B因为老太太得到了青年的帮助，才使她在她丈夫死之前赶到。.语法填空In 1._(I)opinion，languages cannot be taught，they can only be learned.Having someone or some
49、thing to aid with the process is 2._great benefit.Find a guide，not an instructor.English was already a world language by the time I turned 10 in 1991.I thought it was 3._(difficulty)for me to study English well.I 4._(struggle)at first.I didnt like the teacher.Grammar explanations confused me，and the
50、 material was 5._(real)dull.I thought Id never learn it.Then my parents decided to hire a private English tutor 6._was wonderful and thoughtful.She didnt simply instruct me in the language，but helped me 7._(discovery)it.She set me on the right path to learning，and most importantly，learning to love l
51、anguage.I started reading many 8._(book)in English.My aunt bought me The Hardy Boys for my birthday and after that there was no looking back.The combination of reading books,9._(watch)movies every day and talking to my tutor once a week for two years worked wonders.By the age of 15 I was fluent in E
52、nglish 10._in possession of a thick American accent.语篇解读本文主要讲述了作者对学习英语的感受。1解析：my考查代词。句意为：我认为语言不能是用来教的，它们只能是用来学的。in ones opinion意为“某人认为”。根据上下文语境可知应填my。2解析：of考查介词。of great benefit相当于very beneficial，在此做表语，故填of。3解析：difficult考查形容词。It is/was difficult for sb.to do sth.意为“对某人来说做某事是困难的”，故填difficult。4解析：stru
53、ggled考查动词。句意为：最初我努力(学习)。根据at first可知应用过去时，故填struggled。5解析：really考查副词。修饰形容词应用副词，故填really。6解析：who/that考查定语从句。定语从句的先行词是tutor，故填that/who。7解析：(to)discover考查非谓语动词。help后常常接动词不定式或动词原形做宾语补足语，故填(to)discover。8books解析：考查名词。many用来修饰名词的复数形式，故填books。9解析：watching考查非谓语动词。根据and前后两部分应该保持一致，故watch的形式应与talking保持一致，故填wat
54、ching。10解析：and考查连词。空格前后两部分之间是并列关系，故填and。.短文改错文中共有10处语言错误，每句中最多有两处。错误涉及一个单词的增加、删除或修改。Ive learnt from the notice that youre looking for an English editor for us school paper.Im written this letter to apply for the position.Im Li Hua，Senior Three student in our school.In my view，I met your requirements
55、：for one thing，Im willing to devote some of my spare time to serve others；for another，Im good at both English or Fine Arts.Im either skilled in using computers.I would be glad if you could offer to me an opportunity for an interview.Im looking forward to your kindly reply at your earliest convenient
56、.答案：Ive learnt from the notice that youre looking for an English editor for school paper.Im this letter to apply for the position.Im Li Hua， Senior Three student in our school.In my view，I your requirements：for one thing，Im willing to devote some of my spare time to others；for another，Im good at bot
57、h English Fine Arts.Im skilled in using computers.I would be glad if you could offer to me an opportunity for an interview.Im looking forward to your reply at your earliest .书面表达假如你是李华，前几天你的英国朋友Ms Smith在你家做客时吃完了属于她的那一份食物，你当时露出吃惊的表情，引起朋友的不快。现在你想写一封道歉信给Ms Smith，以解释误会。参考范文Dear Ms Smith，I am writing to
58、apologize for some misunderstandings that occurred when we had dinner together the other day.I noticed you were a bit upset when I showed my great surprise at your enjoying your meal.I did not realize that there are some taboos in different countries and cultures.After reading a magazine article，I k
59、now that people from England always finish a drink or the food to show that they enjoy it.This will make the host，especially the hostess pleasant.I should know different countries and different people have different manners.I should find out customs，so that you will not think me illmanners.I feel very sorry for not having known these cultural taboos earlier.I hope you can forgive me for all these misunderstandings.I hope our next meeting will be happier.Best wishes!Yours sincerely，Li Hua