1、课时作业(三)Developing ideas & Presenting ideas必备知识基础练进阶训练第一层.单词拼写1He made several favorable comments about the _ (候选人)2_ (申请人) must be from one of the following countries：Australia, Canada, Ireland, New Zealand, South Africa, the United States, or the United Kingdom.3It is the boss and _ (工资) that have
2、aroused great interest among the workers.4The price I am offering will no longer be _ (可协商的)5We give _ (优先权) to those who have worked with us for a long time.6We went from London to Washington _ (经过) New York.7Previous teaching experience is a necessary _ (资格) for his job.8She was paralyzed from the
3、 _ (腰部) down as a result of an accident.9Im all in _ (赞同) of giving children more freedom.10Dont wander any longer, for she has a _ (真正的) desire to help us!.短语填空be made up of, under threat, in addition to, work as, in favour of, become aware of1Many cities are _ as a result of rising sea levels and
4、global warming.2After coming back to his homeland, he _ a social worker.3_ the names on the list, there are six other applicants.4I have _ the seriousness of the problem.5The rescue team _ twenty doctors and ten nurses.6Opportunities and success tend to be _ those who are ready.单句语法填空1The only way t
5、o make quality, lasting friendships is to learn to be _ (genuine) interested in them and their interests.2Youd better fill the _ (applicant) form before you get the position.3There are many students who have a _ (prefer) for painting in our school.4I dont think he is _ (qualify) to do the job，but he
6、 got the offer.5It was this company that put an _ (advertise) in the local newspaper.6My duties will include _ (introduce) British visitors to the 120 plus pandas at Chengdu.7It is still _ discussion whether the old bus station should be replaced with a modern hotel or not.8In addition _ the school,
7、 the village has a clinic, which was also built with government support.9I want to tell you something about my plan for the summer vacation and Id like you to do me _ favor.课文语法填空About the size of Japan, the Great Barrier Reef even can 1._ (see) from outer space. More than 25 million years old, it i
8、s made up of living coral 2._ (grow) on dead coral. It is host to many species of birds 3._ sea creatures. But it is now under 4._ (threaten) from pollution and climate change. So in order to protect it, a caretaker was selected out of the thousands of 5._ (applicant) , who was Ben Southall from the
9、 UK. In addition 6._ blogging, taking photos and writing articles about the reef, he made a number of appearances on television 7._ (argue) in favour of defence. He also 8._ (work) as a presenter for the National Geographic Channel, before going on to write a book about his experiences. This call fo
10、r 9._ island caretaker from all over the world. The 10._ (important) thing was that people all over the world became aware of the beauty of the ocean in the area. Whats more, they came to understand the delicate balance that the environment exists in and what can, and must, be done to protect the Gr
11、eat Barrier Reef.关键能力提升练进阶训练第二层.阅读Walk through the Amazon rainforest today and you will find it steamy, warm, damp and thick. But if you had been there around 15, 000 years ago, during the last ice age, would it have been the same？For more than 30 years, scientists have been arguing about how rainfo
12、rests might have reacted to the cold, dry climate of the ice ages, but till now, no one has reached a satisfying answer. Rainforests like the Amazon are important for mopping up CO2 from the atmosphere and helping to solve global warming. Currently the trees in the Amazon take in around 500 million
13、tons of CO2 each year, equal to the total amount of CO2 given off in the UK each year. But how will the Amazon react to the future climate change? If it gets drier, will it survive and continue to draw down CO2? Scientists hope that they will be able to learn in advance how the rainforest will manag
14、e in the future by understanding how rainforests reacted to climate change in the past. Unfortunately, collecting information is incredibly difficult. To study the past climate, scientists need to look at fossilized pollen (花粉) kept in lake mud. Going back to the last ice age means drilling down int
15、o lake sediment (沉积物), which requires specialized equipment and heavy machinery. There are very few roads and paths, or places to land helicopters and aeroplanes. Rivers tend to be the easiest way to enter the forest, but this still leaves vast areas between the rivers completely unsampled (未取样). So
16、 far, only a handful of cores have been drilled that go back to the last ice age and none of them provide enough information to prove how the Amazon forest reacted to climate change.1How do scientists study the past climate change? ABy predicting the climate change in the future. BBy drilling down d
17、eep into land sediment. CBy taking samples from rivers in the Amazon. DBy analyzing fossilized pollen in lake mud.2What is needed for drilling down into lake sediment? AThe latest helicopter. BThe special equipment. CThe light machinery. DThe narrow path.3What is the purpose of writing the passage?A
18、To attract more peoples attention to CO2.BTo call on people to protect rainforests.CTo inform people of how scientists work on rainforests.DTo warn people to stay away from the danger of rainforests.4The best title for the text may be _. AMystery of the Rainforest BClimates of the Rainforest CThe Hi
19、story of the Rainforest DChanges of the Rainforest.七选五Friendship is a gift of God. But it may be taken for granted in some cases and not valued. _1_ Say one has no child even after many years of marriage and the other has many children, more than they can manage. What do you think? Will the couple w
20、ith many children value the children as much as the couple which has none? Everything is relative in life. We value what we dont have and give less value to what is freely available to us. _2_Why should we value friendships? What qualities does a good friend bring to our relationship that makes the
21、friendship so valuable? Let us examine some of these.JudgmentA good friend is rarely judgmental. We can be open in our behavior with our good friends because we know that they will not judge us. _3_ With other people our actions and behavior are always calculated and guarded and that takes away lots
22、 of pleasure from our life.Share sorrow and lossesA friend can be depended upon to share all our problems and sorrows. _4_ Once I saw the image of a man left alone in a village after an earthquake. The whole village got killed except this man with whom, will this man share his sorrow? A friend gives
23、 us this gift.HopeDuring our times of trouble, only a friend comes forward and gives us encouragement and hope. _5_AThis is no small gift of friendship.BFriendship is one such relationship.CIt is similar to a case of two couples.DSome of us are blessed with good friends.EWe can enjoy this freedom on
24、ly with friends.FWith that inspiration, we regain confidence in ourselves.GThis sharing may not reduce the loss but helps us unburden ourselves.完形填空 Many of the worlds pollution problems have been caused by the crowding of large groups of people into the cities. To supply the needs of the people _1_
25、 further pollution by industry. _2_ the rapid increase in human pollution continues _3_ the present rate, there may be much greater harm. Some scientists speak of the increase in the number of people _4_ “ population pollution” . About 2,000 years ago, the world population was probably about 250 mil
26、lion.It _5_ about one billion in 1850. By 1930 the population was about two billion. It is now over seven billion. And it is _6_ to be over 9 billion by the year 2050. If the population continues to grow at the same rate, there would be twentyfive billion people in the _7_ a hundred years from now!M
27、an has been _8_ the earths resources more and more _9_ over the years. Some of them are almost gone. Now many people believe that mans greatest problem is how to control the _10_ of his own population. The materials in the world will not support the human _11_， in time to come, if the _12_ rate of i
28、ncrease continues. Already there is overcrowding in the cities and _13_ in some countries. Can mans increase rate _14_？ Many people believe that human survival in the future _15_ on the answer to this question.1A.runs across Bleads to Cresults from Dbrings out2A.Whether BIf CUnless DAnd3A.at Bon Cin
29、 Dby4A.like Bto Cas Dfor5A.reached Bgot Carrived Dwent6A.said Bexpected Cplanned Darranged7A.star Bcountry Cworld Dend8A.using Bdestroying Cdiscovering Ddigging 9.A.seriously B. dangerously Crapidly Dsteadily10A.existence Bstart Cgrowth Dbirth11A.population Binterests Csurvival Dneeds12A.present Bye
30、sterday Ctoday Dpast13A.coldness Bhunger Cthirsty Ddrought14A.raise Bcontinue Cend Dup15A.depends Bagrees Csaves Dpasses.语法填空Are you facing a situation that looks impossible to fix?In 1969, the pollution was terrible along the Cuyahoga River Cleveland, Ohio. It 1._ (be) unimaginable that it could ev
31、er be cleaned up. The river was so polluted that it 2._ (actual) caught fire and burned. Now, years later, this river is one of 3._ most outstanding(杰出的)examples of environmental cleanup.But the river wasnt changed in a few days 4._ even a few months. It took years of work 5._ (reduce) the industria
32、l pollution and clean the water. Finally, that hard work paid off and now the water in the river is 6._ (clean) than ever.Maybe you are facing an impossible situation. Maybe you have a habit 7._ is driving your family crazy. Possibly you drink too much or dont know how to control your credit card us
33、e. When you face such an impossible situation, dont you want a quick fix and something to change immediately?While there are 8._ (amaze) stories of instant transformation, for most of us the 9._ (change) are gradual and require a lot of effort and work, like cleaning up a polluted river. Just be 10.
34、_ (patience)课时作业(三)Developing ideas & Presenting ideas必备知识基础练.单词拼写1candidate2.Applicants3.salary4.negotiable5.preference6.via7.qualification8.waist9.favour10.genuine.短语填空1under threat2.worked as3.In addition to4.become aware of5is made up of6.in favour of.单句语法填空1genuinely2.application3.preference4.q
35、ualified5advertisement6.introducing7.under8.to9.a.课文语法填空1答案与解析：be seen考查动词的语态。the Great Barrier Reef与see之间为被动关系，故用被动语态。2答案与解析：growing考查非谓语动词。living coral与grow之间为主动关系，故用现在分词短语作后置定语。3答案与解析：and考查连词。many species of birds与sea creatures之间为并列关系。4答案与解析：threat考查词性转换。介词under后应用名词形式。5答案与解析：applicants考查名词的复数形式。
36、applicant为可数名词，根据thousands of可知应用复数形式。6答案与解析：to考查介词。in addition to除了之外(还有)。7答案与解析：to argue考查非谓语动词。此处作目的状语，故应用动词不定式。8答案与解析：worked考查动词的时态。此处叙述过去的动作，应用一般过去时。9答案与解析：an考查冠词。此处表示泛指，且island的读音是以元音音素开头的，故用不定冠词an。10答案与解析：most important考查最高级。根据句意可知此处表示最高级，因此填most important。关键能力提升练.阅读【语篇解读】文章主要介绍了科学家为研究亚马孙雨林将如
37、何应对将来的气候变化而对过去的雨林是如何度过冰河时期进行取样研究。1答案与解析：D细节理解题。根据文中第三段第二句“To study the past climate, scientists need to look at fossilized pollen(花粉)kept in lake mud.”可知，要研究过去的气候，科学家需要看保存在湖泥中的花粉化石。故选D。2答案与解析：B细节理解题。根据文中第三段第三句“Going back to the last ice age means drilling down into lake sediment(沉积物)，which requires
38、specialized equipment and heavy machinery.”可知，钻到湖泊沉积物需要专门的设备和重型机械。C选项错在light。故选B。3答案与解析：C推理判断题。本文是一篇科普文章，通常写作目的是提供信息。A选项是吸引更多人对二氧化碳的注意，和文章无关；B选项是号召人们保护雨林，此文不是强调保护雨林；D选项是警告人们远离雨林的危险，文章没有讲到雨林的危险。故选C。4答案与解析：A主旨大意题。根据第一段后两句“But if you had been there around 15,000 years ago, during the last ice age, woul
39、d it have been the same? For more than 30 years, scientists have been arguing about how rainforests might have reacted to the cold, dry climate of the ice ages, but till now, no one has reached a satisfying answer.”可知，人们对于雨林怎样应对气候变化一直没有满意的答案，二三段讲述的是科学家进行该研究的价值和具体实践及遇到的困难，所有这些都是为了揭开原因，所以标题为“雨林的神秘”是最恰
40、当的。B、C、D选项都仅仅是文章提到的部分信息。故选A。.七选五【语篇解读】本文是一篇说明文。作者在文中首先介绍了我们要珍惜友谊。然后作者介绍友谊对于我们意义重大的三个方面：评判、分享悲伤和失去的东西、希望。1答案与解析：C考查句意理解和上下文语境理解。后句Say one has no child even after many years of marriage and the other has many children(比如说一对(夫妇)结婚多年后没有孩子，另一对夫妇有很多孩子)以生活中的夫妇为例，只有C选项涉及到couple，It is similar to a case of tw
41、o couples.(这与两对夫妇的例子很相似。)故选C。2答案与解析：B考查句意理解和上下文语境理解。上文生活中的两对夫妇为例就是为了证明一点：我们看重我们得不到的东西，而却不关注很容易就得到的。而这一点和友谊是一样的。B选项Friendship is one such relationship.(友谊也是这种关系)。故选B。3答案与解析：E考查句意理解和上下文语境理解。后句With other people our actions and behavior are always calculated and guarded and that takes away lots of pleas
42、ure from our life.(和其他人在一起我们的行动和行为总是被评价，这带走了我们生活中的很多乐趣)提到和其他人之间没有那么多乐趣，因此可得知E选项切题。E选项We can enjoy this freedom only with friends.(我们只有和朋友在一起才能享受这一自由。)，也就是跟朋友在一起不会互相评判，故选E。4答案与解析：G考查句意理解和上下文语境理解。本段小标题Share sorrow and lossesA friend can be depended upon to share all our problems and sorrows.(分享悲伤和损失，我
43、们可以依赖朋友分享我们所有的问题和悲伤)提到分享，故只有G选项切题。G选项This sharing may not reduce the loss but helps us unburden ourselves.(这种分享或许不能减少损失，但是可以帮助我们摆脱负担。)，故选G。5答案与解析：F考查句意理解和上下文语境理解。前句中的encouragement既是解题的关键，与答案F选项中的inspiration相照应。F选项With that inspiration, we regain confidence in ourselves.(有了这一鼓励，我们就会重获信心。)故选F。.完形填空【语篇
44、解读】世界上的许多污染问题是由大量人口涌入城市造成的。人口的迅速增长和对地球资源的不合理利用也使得自然资源濒临枯竭，人类未来的生存状况取决于人们是否能够控制人口增长速度。1答案与解析：B根据上文中的“Many of the worlds pollution problems have been caused by.”可知，人口大量涌入城市导致了污染问题。所以供应人们的需求导致了进一步的污染。lead to意为“导致”，符合语境。run across意为“不期而遇；撞见”；result from意为“产生于；由引起”；bring out意为“使显现；生产；出版”。2答案与解析：B结合第二段最后一
45、句“If the population continues to grow at.”可知，如果人口继续增加，污染也会随之变得更严重。根据语境选B项。3答案与解析：Aat. rate为固定搭配，意为“以速度”。rate意为“速度”时应与介词at连用。4答案与解析：C句意为：有些科学家把人口增长称作“人口污染”。speak of. as意为“把称作”。5答案与解析：A从上句的数字可以看出，世界人口一直在增长，所以本句表示人口数到1850年应是“达到”十亿左右。reach意为“达到”，是及物动词，可以直接加宾语。get作“达到”讲时是不及物动词，不能直接跟宾语。故选A项。6答案与解析：B根据下文中的
46、by the year 2050可知，此处讲述未来的人口状况。expect意为“预期；预料”，it is expected.意为“预计”。故选B项。7答案与解析：C根据上文内容可知，文章讲述的是世界人口问题，故选C项。8答案与解析：A从下文内容“Some of them are almost gone.”可以推断，此处指人们对资源的使用，故选A项。9答案与解析：C根据前后句内容可知，资源的枯竭是由于人们对资源的加速开采使用造成的，故选C项。10答案与解析：C上文提到人口的急剧增长带来了很多问题，由此判断如果想要解决资源问题，就要控制人口的增长，故选C项。11答案与解析：D结合第一段第二句“To
47、 supply the needs of the people.”可知，要满足人类的“需求”，此处与前文相呼应。need此处为名词，意为“需求”。故选D项。12答案与解析：Apresent意为“目前的；现在的”，符合语境。13答案与解析：B根据上文内容可知，世界资源匮乏，所以不能供给更多人去利用，人类就会遭遇饥饿问题。故选B项。14答案与解析：B根据下文“Many people believe that human survival in the future _ on the answer to this question.”可知，此处讨论的是人口的增长是否会以现在的速度“持续”下去。故选B
48、项。15答案与解析：Adepend on意为“依赖”。根据前文可知，人口持续增长会导致环境污染问题，而环境污染会直接影响人类的未来，也就是说，人类未来的生存状况取决于人口增长速度的解决情况，故选A项。.语法填空【语篇解读】本文通过借用凯霍加河以前污染非常严重，经过多年的努力，艰苦的工作终于有了回报，河水变干净了的事实告诉我们：当你面对看起来不可能解决的事情时，要敢于想办法慢慢解决，不能急躁，因为很多变化都是逐渐发生的，需要很多努力，我们需要耐心一点。1答案与解析：was考查动词时态和主谓一致。根据本段第一句In 1969, the pollution was terrible along th
49、e Cuyahoga River near Cleveland, Ohio.可知本段叙述的是过去发生的事情。the Cuyahoga River near Cleveland, Ohio在过去被污染得如此地严重，所以说过去没有人能够想象到这条河被清理干净。又主语“It”为三单，故填was。2答案与解析：actually考查副词用法。本句中使用副词actually做状语修饰谓语动词caught fire，actual是形容词，不能在句中做状语，通常只做定语或者表语修饰名词。故填actually。3. 答案与解析：the考查冠词。横线后是形容词最高级most outstanding，形容词最高级前
50、要加the，故填the。4. 答案与解析：or考查连词。从语境可知这条河流的改变不是几天或者几个月的事情。这里是两个时间短语表示选择关系，故用or。 5答案与解析：to reduce考查固定句式。固定句式：It takes sb. sth. to do sth.某人做某事花了多少时间；句中的不定式to reduce the industrial pollution and clean the water是句子真正的主语。前面的it是形式主语。故填to reduce。6答案与解析：cleaner考查比较级。本句： the water in the river is _ (clean) than
51、ever，横线后面有than，说明横线上应该使用比较级的形式。故填cleaner。7答案与解析：that/which考查定语从句。本句是一个定语从句，先行词是a habit，定语从句中使用关系代词that/which指代先行词，在句中做主语，不能省略。故填which / that。8答案与解析：amazing考查形容词。这里空格处应该用形容词，来修饰后面的名词。amazing指令人吃惊的；amazed指人感到吃惊的。本句 _ (amazed) stories中此处修饰“stories 故事”，所以要用amazing。故填amazing。9答案与解析：changes考查名词复数。横线后面是系动词are，说明横线处主语应该是一个复数形式的名词，所以用changes。故填changes。change既可以作名词也可以作动词，在此为名词。10答案与解析：patient横线前面有系动词be，说明此处应用形容词，本句是一个祈使句be patient耐心一点。patient形容词，意为“耐心的”； patience名词，意为“耐心”。故填patient。